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高考英语语法词汇专项突破：04 非限制性定语从句全解读+巩固练习+答案
【高考试题展示】
【考例1】（2023年全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _____ Rachel Carson says
in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
答案与解析：as。考查定语从句关系代词as用法。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关
系代词as引导。故填as。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然
具有价值。
【考例2】（2016年江苏卷）Many young people, most _________ were well-educated, headed for remote
regions to chase their dreams.
A. of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those
答案与解析：C。考查定语从句“介词+关系代词”结构。B、D选项是代词，而题干的句子由两个谓
语动词，因此是两个句子，而两个句子的连接需要连词才可以，所以需要排除B、D选项。本题定语从句
的先行词是Many young people，关系代词whom指代先行词，在定语从句中作介词of的宾语。故C项正确。
【考例3】（2015年四川卷）The books on the desk, covers are shiny,are prizes for us.
A．which B.what C.whose D.that
答案与解析：C。考查定语从句。本题考查非限制定语从句的关系词，先行词为 the books, 和 covers
之间存在所有关系故选择 C，意为“书的封面”。句意为: 桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪
发光。故选C。
【要点全解读】
一、基本特征
定语从句分为限制性定语和非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句与主句之间的关系不太密切，独立
存在，它只是对所修饰的先行词或句子进行补充说明，如果去掉从句，也不会影响句子的主要意思，主句
的意思依然完整，不会发生变化。在形式上通常与主句之间有一个逗号隔开，但有时也不用逗号，这要视
具体情况而定。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有as，which，who， whom，whose等，作定语从句的
主语、宾语、表语及定语。关系副词有when，where等，作定语从句的状语。关系代词和关系副词在定语
从句中一般不能省。如：
My friend, who has served on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next
month.我有位朋友，他一辈子服务于国际奥林匹克委员会，下个月就要退休了。
Above the trees are the mountains, whose magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface.
在树林的高处是山，其壮丽的景色完全映照在河面上。
As is reported in the newspaper, some artistic treasures will be on show at the exhibition on the
weekend.
正如报纸上报道的那样，一些艺术珍品将在周末的展览会上展出。
We walked down the village street, where they were having market day.
我们沿着村里的大街向前走去，村民们正在那里赶集。
Her house, which was built a hundred years ago,stood still in the earthquake.
那座房子在地震中依然耸立，它是一百多年前建造的。
Bamboo is hollow inside, which makes it very light.
竹子内部是中空的，这使得它很轻。
二、限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别
1. 关系词：大部分关系词既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句，但是关系代词
that和关系副词why通常不用来引导非限制性定语从句。
2. 省略：关系代词which/ who/ whom在所引导限制性定语从句从作宾语时可以省掉，但在非限制性
定语从句中通常不省去。
3.替代：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词 whom作宾语不用who或that替代，which不用that替
代，况且that一般也不引导非限制性定语从句。
4.翻译与意义：由于非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不那么密切，所以翻译时通常译成一个并列句
（相当于and……），有时还可以译作原因、目的等状语从句，而限制性定语从句通常译在被修饰词前，
可译作“……的”，两者的意义有时区别很大，如：
I met your mother, who (and she) took me across the street.
我遇见了你母亲，她带我穿过马路。（可以转换为并列句。）
My sister, who lives in Beijing, is a taxi driver.
我的姐姐在北京，她是一位出租车司机。（非限制性定语从句，暗示可能只有一个姐姐，非限制性定
语从句对先行词sister进行补充说明。）
比较：My sister who lives in Beijing is a taxi driver.
在北京的我那位姐姐是出租车司机。（限制性定语从句，暗示不止一个姐姐）
He gave his mother a color TV set for her birthday, which pleased her a lot.他送给他母亲一台彩电作为生日礼物，这使她非常高兴。（which不可以用that, 因为that不引导非限
制性定语从句。）
A young man had a new girl friend, whom he wanted to impress.
一个年轻的小伙子新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下深刻的印象。（①在限制性定语从句中，先行词
指人时可用 that 代替 who/ whom ，但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时，不可用 that 代替
who/whom ，此处不可以用that。②关系代词whom在所引导的非限制性定语从句中作宾语，但是不可以
省去。）
三、要求用非限制性定语从句的情况
一般能用限制性定语从句修饰的先行词就可以用非限制性定语从句，但是有些却要求要非限制性定语
从句，这是由先行词的意义决定的。在以下三种情况宜用非限制性定语从句。
1.先行词是像father/ mother/ sun/ earth/ moon等表示独一无二的人或物。如：
His father, who went to France ten years ago, died of cancer.
他父亲十年前去了法国，死于癌症。
2. 先行词是像 Beijing/ New York/ China Daily/ Ling Ping 等专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰
时，。如：
Have you seen the film “Titanic”, whose leading actor is world-famous？
你看过《泰坦尼克号》这部电影吗?它的男主角是世界闻名的。
Shanghai, which lies in the south of China, is a beautiful city.
上海，位于中国的南部，是一个美丽的城市。
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.
我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.
这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。
3.从句所修饰的不是一个词，而是整个句子或句子的一部分，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单
数。如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.
他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。
四、关系词的选用
非限制性定语从句的关系词的选用基本同限制性定语从句，主要根据先行词在从句中所作的成分和先
行词本身，同时要兼顾非限制性定语从句的引导词的自身特点，非限制性定语从句引导词不可以省略。常
用引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有who/ whom/whose; which/ as; when/ where，“介词+关系代词”。
（一）who/ whom/whose引导的非限制性定语从句
1. 先行词是指代人的普通名词、专有名词等。表示正是或专指先行词等情况。在定语从句中作主语、
宾语、定语等。关系代词that不引导非限制性定语从句。其中的whom/whose可以用于“介词+关系代词”
结构，who不可以。如:
The police have found the lost boy, whose mother has been looking for him high and low.
警察已经找到了那个走失的男孩，他的母亲一直在到处寻找他。
The manager gave Peter, who had been working so hard, a long vacation.
彼得一直在努力工作，经理给他放了一个长假。
Mr King, whose legs were badly hurt, was quickly taken to hospital.
金先生的腿受了重伤，他很快就被送去住院了。
Upon his return on Sunday, Beliveau reunited with his mother, whom she had not seen throughout
his 11 years on the road.
上周日返家后，贝利沃和母亲重聚，两人已有11年没有相见。
【考例】（2022年天津卷第二次）Guide books are prepared to suit the convenience of the traveler,
________ routes round a city or a site are often suggested.
A. for which B. with which C. for whom D. with whom
答案与解析：C。考查定语从句的“介词+关系代词”结构。根据句意和空白处前面的逗号
可知空处所填的关系词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词traveler；结合句意，路线是给游
客提供、为了游客而给出的建议，故需要用介词for表示“给……”，先行词为人，故for后
用whom。故选C项。句意：旅游指南是为了给游客提供方便的，里面为游客建议了参观一
个城市或景点的线路。
【考例】( 京皖春招XXXX) The famous basketball star, ______ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot
of attention.
A. where B. when C. which D. who答案与解析：D。考查非限制性定语从句。从句缺少主语，用关系代词，排除关系副词选项 A和B，
先行词The famous basketball star指人。故选D。句意是：那位著名篮球明星吸引了很多人的注意，他试图
东山再起。
【考例】（2015年四川卷）The books on the desk, covers are shiny,are prizes for us.
A．which B.what C.whose D.that
答案与解析：C。考查定语从句。本题考查非限制定语从句的关系词，先行词为 the books, 和 covers
之间存在所有关系故选择 C，意为“书的封面”。句意为: 桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪
发光。故选C。
2.在n.／pron.／num....prep.whom；prep. whom；in whose ＋n.；the ＋n.of whom等引导非限制性的
定语从句中。如：
He spoke of a pen-pal, the name of whom／whose name I've never forgotten.
他提到过一个笔友，他的名字我从未忘记。
About 2，000people, many of whom were Europeans, worked on the project.
大约两千人从事过这项工程，其中很多是欧洲人。
In his office there are nine clerks, the youngest of whom is Mr Liu.
他办公室有9个职员，其中最年轻的是刘先生。
I decided to write about Chaplin, one of whose films I had seen several years before.
我决定写有关卓别林的文章，他的一部电影我几年前就看过了。
We went to hear this famous singer, about whom we had heard many stories.
我们去听这个著名的歌唱家演唱。我们已经听说了有关他的很多故事。 品黄黑MYK
Mr Pattis, in whose office Ms King was working, was very surprised when he found out her secret.
金女士在帕蒂思办公室工作。他发现她的秘密时感到非常惊奇。
【考例】（2016年江苏卷）Many young people, most _________ were well-educated, headed for remote
regions to chase their dreams.
A. of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those
答案与解析：C。考查定语从句“介词+关系代词”结构。B、D选项是代词，而题干的句子由两个谓
语动词，因此是两个句子，而两个句子的连接需要连词才可以，所以需要排除B、D选项。本题定语从句
的先行词是Many young people，关系代词whom指代先行词，在定语从句中作介词of的宾语。故C项正确。
(二）when/ where引导的非限制性定语从句1. 关系副词when/where在所引导的非限制性定语从句中作定语从句的状语。when ＝and then, where
＝and there。关系副词why不引导非限制性定语从句。如：
He was quickly taken to hospital, where a doctor wanted to examine Mr King's legs.
金先生很快被送去住院，在那里一个医生要检查他的腿。
We will put off the outing until next week, when we won't be so busy.
我们把郊游推迟到下个星期，那时我们不会那么忙了。
He went to America in 1912, where and when he was noticed by an important film director.
他在1912年去了美国，当时他在那里引起了一个重要电影导演的注意。
【考例】（2020年天津卷第一次）Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990’s,
____________he gave it to his grandson.
A. which B. when C. where D. who
答案与解析：B。考查定语从句关系副词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是the early 1990 s，在定语从句
中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故选B。句意：史密斯先生一直拥有这幅油画，直到20世纪90年
代初才把它送给了孙子。
【考例】（2023年全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, ______ all life seemed to
enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-
old fables.
答案与解析：where。考查非限制性定语从句的关系副词。句中先行词为town，后面的定语从句的是
主系表结构，不缺成分，因此根据句意和先行词是指地点的名词看出所填的关系词在所引导的在非限定性
定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有
一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用
了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。
2. 在prep.where/when非限制性定语从句里，where ＝there，when ＝then。
His head soon appeared out of the second storey windows, from where he could see nothing but
trees.
他的头很快从第二层楼的一个窗户伸出来了，从那里他只能看见树木。
That was in 1929, since when things have been better.
那是在1929年，从那时起情况就已经好转了。
I went to bed at ten, before when I was reading for an hour.
我10点去睡觉，在那时以前我看了1小时的书。3. 有时候where/when可以用prep.which替换。
The southern states wanted to set up a country of their own, where/in which they would be free to
keep black slaves.
南方各州要建立一个属于他们自己的国家，在那里他们将自由地保留黑人奴隶。
I still remembered January 10, on which/when he came to see me.
我仍然记得1月10日，那一天他来看我了。
（三）as和which引导的非限制性定语从句的不同
表依据、评论与表事实、状态等没有多大差别，又在主句末时，有时可以通用。表依据、评论与表事
实、状态等没有多大差别，又在主句末时，有时可以通用。
He is quite pleased, as/which can be seen from his face. 他非常高兴，从他的表情可以看出来。
You always work hard, as/which everyone knows.大家都知道，你一向勤奋学习。
1.as引导的非限制性定语从句情况：
(1) 翻译上：as意为“正如……，正像……”，翻译时有时可不必译出。which意为“这/那”。
The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
据报道，吸烟者的数量在一年内下降了17%。
As is often the case with elderly people, grandpa talked about my new hair style for at least 50
minutes.
就像老年人经常做的那样，爷爷至少花了50分钟谈论我的新发型。
【考例】（2023年全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _____ Rachel Carson says in
“A Fable for Tomorrow.”...
答案与解析：考查定语从句关系代词as用法。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代
词as引导。故填as。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有
价值。
(2) 在句法上，as常用作一些实义动词：如see，know，hear，watch，remember，say，tell，show，
expect，guess等形成一种固定搭配。如：as we all know/as is known to all; as is reported/expected...
As we all know, China is becoming stronger and stronger．众所周知，中国正变得越来越强大。
As is expected, AI is an area where China may appear as a leading force.
正如预期的那样，中国可能会在人工智能这个领域成为主导力量。
(3) 位置问题：as引导的非限制性定语从句可以置于句首、句中、句末，而 which引导的从句则不可
位于句首。As I said before, you can find rock art all over the world, but I'd like to focus now on the rock art
of the Aboriginal people of Australia.
就像我之前说的，世界各地都有岩石艺术，但是我现在想要关注的是澳大利亚土著人的岩石艺术。
He was showing off, as is the way with adolescent boys.
他在炫耀，青春期的男孩都是这个样子。
(4)先行词：as先行词通常是整个主句，which先行词可以是一个词，也可以是整个主句 (此时关系代
词作主语谓语动词用单数) 或者主句的部分内容。
As is known, if we are united no one can defeat us.
众所周知，如果我们团结一致，没有人能打败我们。
Pollution has become a serious problem, which does harm not only to environment but also to
human beings.
污染已经成为一个严重问题，不仅对环境有害，对人类也有害。
The family made an official complaint to a ship's officer, which was recorded in the log.
这家人向一位高级船员提出过正式投诉，此事记入了航行日志。
（二）which引导非限制性定语从句的情况
1. 指代主句的全部或部分内容时，常表事实、状态、起因、结果等，有“这就使得、这一点”等意
思，置主句末。主句与定语从句用逗号分开。
The palace, which was damaged by bombs in World War II, still stood.
这座在二战中被炮火破坏的宫殿依然矗立着。
Each corner had a guard tower, each of which was exactly ten metres in height.
每个角都有1个警戒塔，每个塔刚好10米高。
I spotted my parents coming out of the teachers' office, which made me very anxious.
我看到我的父母从老师办公室出来，这让我感到很焦虑。
【考例】Dorathy was always speaking highly of her role in the play，of course，________ made the
others unhappy.
A.who B.which C.this D.what
试题分析：which。考查定语从句。分析句子结构和意义看出是非限制性定语从句，C项 it不是连词
不可以连接句子，D项what不可以引导定语从句。在定语从句中which指代主句的内容，所以是which引
导非限制性定语从句。故选D。句意：多蕾西总是高度评价她在剧中的角色，这当然让其他人很不高兴
了。故A正确。【考例】（浙江XXXX）Anyway, that evening, _____ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up saying at
Rachel’s place.
A. when B. where C. what D. which
答案与解析：D。考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是that evening，在定语从句中作介词about的宾语
（即I'll tell you more about that evening later)，不能用作状语的关系副词when，更不可能是where。连
接代词what的意思相当于all that，如果要理解为与定语从句有关的也只能是自带先行词，不能引导定语
从句。故只能用关系代词which。句意是：不管怎样，有关那个晚上，我稍后会告诉你更多，我最后说的
是在瑞秋家。
2. 指代先行词有多种情况，定语从句置于先行词后面。
在“n.／pron.／num....＋prep.＋ which”，“prep.＋which”定语从句里。
（1）They talked about a movie, the name of which I've never forgotten.
他们谈论过一部电影，我决不会忘记片名。
（2）In Sydney the Chinese team got 28 gold medals, 16.5 of which were won by women.
在悉尼奥运会，中国队夺得了28枚金牌，其中16.5枚是女子夺得的。
（3）China has thousands of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan.
中国有数千个岛屿，其中最大的是台湾岛。
(4）Chaplin went to the states in 1910, by which time he had learnt to dance and act in comedies.
卓别林1910年去了美国，那时他已学会跳舞和演喜剧了。
3. 表唯一性，或者就是指代先行词的事物时，先行词是独一无二的事物，先行词是专有名词时。先行
词是国家名词表地域概念时。如：
The dam, which is the biggest in the world, is 3830 metres long.
大坝长3830米，是世界上最大的`坝。
The moon, which doesn't give out light itself, is only a satellite of the earth.
月球本身不发光，它只是地球的一个卫星。
Three of the biggest man-made projects in the world are the Great Wall of China, the Pyramids of
Egypt and the Aswan High Dam, which is also in Egypt.
世界上最大的三项人造工程是中国的长城，埃及的金字塔和阿斯旺高坝，它也在埃及。
The Nile, which used to flood every year, now runs more regularly below the dam.
尼罗河年年涨洪水，现在比较正常地在大坝下面流过了。
Last year he went to Egypt, which is in Africa.他去年去了埃及，埃及在非洲。
4. 先行词表示类属的事物时。Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.
足球是一项非常有趣的运动，全世界都踢足球。
5.先行词是表人的职业、品质、身份等名词，作定语从句的表语时，主句和定语从句之间含有对比的
意思，或者先行词是集体名词表整体意思时。
Mike's brother is a policeman, which he isn't.
迈克的哥哥是警察，他可不是。（先行词是 policeman表示职业的名词，在定语从句中作限定词
isn't表语。）
My family, which has 25 people, is a large one.
我家有25口人，是一个大家庭。（family是集体名词，定语从句表达这个集体中的具体人数。）
6.在否定意义的非限制性定语从句里，一般用which引导。
Many times, I would target to finish multiple projects in 1 day, which wasn't possible at all.
许多次，我计划在一天里计划完成数倍的工程，那是不可能的。
These days, even the least skilled jobs require the employees to have some degree of knowledge,
which wasn't expected in lower level positions a few years ago.
近些年，甚至是不需要太多技术性质的工作都要求员工掌握一定的知识，这在几年前是不可想象
的。
Two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service,
which doesn't have any physical product at all.
两年前，脸书为收购即时通讯服务 WhatsApp 支付了更高的价格，尽管 WhatsApp 根本没有任何
实体产品。
It's difficult to buy anything in a supermarket, other than plain, unprepared meat, fish or
vegetables, which doesn't have a large amount of sugar in it.
除了乏味的、没处理好的、不含大量糖分的肉、鱼或蔬菜外，在超市里很难买到其他东西。
【巩固练习】
一、选择最佳答案
1.It is a truly delightful place,____________looks the same as it must have done 100
years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
A.as B.where C.that D.which
2.Opposite is St.Paul's Church, __________ you can hear some lovely music.A.which B.that C.when D.where
3.I didn't become a serious climber until the fifth grade, _________ I went up to rescue
a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.
A.when B.where C.which D.why
4.He wrote many children's books, nearly half of_______were published in the 1990s.
A.whom B.which C.them D.that
5.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, ____ uses it differently.
A.all of which B.each of which C.all of them D.each of them
6. I have many friends, ________ some are businessmen.
A. of whom B. from which C. who of D. of who
7. Jim passed the driving test, ________ surprised everybody in the office.
A. which B. that C. this D. it
8. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums and some other places,________ other
visitors seldom go.
A. what B. which C. where D. when
9. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ________ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose
10. She heard a terrible noise, ________ brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it B. which C. this D. that
11. I shall never forget the day ________ Shen ZhouⅤ was launched, ________ has a great
effect on my life.
A. when; which B. that; which C. which; that D. when; that
12. This is the book I bought yesterday, ________ I spent 8 yuan.
A. in which B. for which C. on which D. at which
13. There are two buildings, ________ stands nearby a hundred feet high.
A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that 、D. the larger of which
14.【2012天津卷】I wish to thank Professor Smith, without_______help I would never
have got this far .
A. who B. whose C. whom D.which
15.【2013天津卷】We have launched another man﹣made satellite, ______ is announced
in today's newspaper .A. that B. which C. who D. what
16.【2016天津卷】We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ______ the weather
may be better.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
17.【2017天津卷】My eldest son,_______ work takes him all over the world，is in New York
at the moment.
A. that B. whose C. his D. who
18._______ we can see from the recent situation in Beijing, environment and traffic
have been effectively improved.
A. Which B. What C. It D. As
19.Our teacher set us such a difficult maths problem_____we could not
work out.
A.that B.which C.as D.even
20 .Carl said the work would be done by October,______personally I
doubt very much.
A.it repaired B.that C.when
D.which
21. _____is reported in the newspaper,talks between the two countries are
making progress.
A. It B.As C.it D.what
22. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment,
______I will always treasure.
A.that B.one C.it D.what
二、同义句转换。（每空一词）
1. He is a good comrade with whom you can work.
He is a good comrade ________ ________ ________.
2. The meeting, which was held in the park, was attended by 1,000 people.
The meeting was attended by 1,000 people, ________ ________ was held in the park.
3. I don't like the boy, since he is very lazy.
I don't like the boy, ________ is very lazy.4. Last month part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods and people are still suffering from its
effects.
Last month part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, ________ ________ effects people are still
suffering.
5. Small computers need small amount of power. That means you use less electricity.
Small computers need small amount of power, ________ means you use less electricity.
三、完成句子。
1. ________________ (众所周知), the moon travels around the earth once every month.
2. Jack has won the first prize, ________________ (像往常一样).
3. York, ________________ (我参观的) last year, is a nice old city.
4. Lucy and I made an appointment of an interview on Sunday afternoon, _______________（到那
时） I would be free.
5. She gave another piece of advice, ________________ (我认为) is of great help to the research
work.
四、用适当的关系词或“介词+关系代词”填空。
I just read a book called TechnoStress, 1.__________was written by Dr. Michelle M.Weil. Her
co-author was Dr. Larry D. Rosen, 2.____is her husband and also a psychologist. According to the
authors, everybody feels stressed about technology. Our cell phones, 3.__________we buy for
emergencies, soon invade our privacy. Just because they can, people contact us at places
4.______we are relaxing. Another problem 5.____________we are facing is that we have to learn
too much too fast.Technological changes, 6.______used to come one at a time, now overwhelm(淹
没) us. Dr.Weil suggests that we read her latest book, 7.__________we can turn in dealing with
technostress. It can be purchased from her website.
Suggested Answers：
一、 1-5 DDABD
1.【解析】D。此句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是place, 在定语从句中作主语，用
关系代词引导。As引导非限定性定语从句时要放在句首。句意是：这真是一个令人愉快的地
方，这里的蜿蜒的小路和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的。2.【解析】D。先行词是St.Paul's Church, 从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的
句子，应该考虑关系副词。可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语。句意是：对面是圣保
罗教堂，在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。
3.【解析】A。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词the fifth grade, 且在从句
中作时间状语，故选when,
4.【解析】B。先行词是books, of缺少宾语。根据句子结构看出是定语从句的“介词+关
系代词”，C项不可以连接句子，D项及不可以引导非限制性定语从句，也不可以在介词后，
A项指人。先行词指物且作介词of宾语，故选B。
5.【解析】D。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词cultures, 在从句中作主语，
C和D不是不是连词不可以引导句子，又由从句中谓语动词uses可知，需用单数名词或代词。
故选D。
6-10 AACBB 11-15 ACDBB 16-20 DBDCD 21-22 BB
二、 1. to work with 2. and it 3. who 4. from whose 5. which
三、 1. As is known to everybody / all 2. as often happens / as usual 3. which I visited 4. by which
time 5. which I think
四、1.which; 2.who; 3.which; 4.where; 5.that/which; 6.which; 7.to which
