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高考英语语法词汇专项突破：形容词和副词比较级结构重难点解读
[比较级考题展示]
【考题1】（2021全国甲卷）After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall,
we decided it was time for some action and what (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
答案与解析：better。考查形容词比较级。根据后文than可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级better。
故填better。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，
还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。
【考题2】（2021新高考I卷）The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets,
the (hot) the spring!
答案与解析：hotter。考查形容词比较级。此处根据前面的the colder和空白处的冠词the看出是固定结
构“the +比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越……，越……”。故填hotter。句意：关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的
是，气温越低，温泉越暖和！
【考题3】（2020浙江1月卷）The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large
compared to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes (old) than before.
答案与解析：older。考查形容词比较级。根据下文than before可知应用形容词比较级，故填older。句
意：首先是出生率的下降，这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多，因此，平均而言，人口比以前老龄化。
再请同学们先看下面教材里的典型句子，注意斜体部分的比较级用法：
1. It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be
experienced. (人教课标版教材)
2. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. (人教课
标版教材)
3. Finally, in 1991, the sister and their family moved to a safer area and since then they have never looked
back. (北师大版教材)
通过教材的原句大家可以发现比较级是一个非常活跃的语法项目，既是中学阶段的重点语法，也是各
类考试的重要考点。下面我们梳理一下比较级的重难点：
[考点突破]
一、比较级的基本句型
（一）用adj/adv-er +than…表示“比…”。如：I am a better swimmer than he(him).
【典题】I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time----there are (much) meaningful things to
do.
【答案与解析】more。本题的watching TV与其他事情比较，属于两者比较，用比较级，从 a waste of
time 看出是肯定后者。破折号后面的句子补全就是：----there are more meaningful things to do than
watching TV every evening.
（二）用 as+原级+ as…以及not so(as)+原级+as…表示同级比较。如：
Our neighbor has as big a house as ours.我们的邻居有一栋跟我们家一样大的房子。
【典题1】It’s generally believed that teaching is_______ much an art as it is a science.
【答案与解析】as。在“as + adj. + a (an) +单数名词＋as…” 的比较级结构中，a或an不可放在形容词
之前，本句意思是“人们普遍认为教学既是一门科学，又是一门艺术。根据后面的as和句意确定填as。
【典题2】There are a small number of people involved, possibly as______as twenty.
【答案与解析】few。根据前面的small number看出不可能填many或much；从twenty看出形容词修
饰的是可数名词people。表示数量少可以用few和little，都表示否定意义，但是前者修饰可数名词，后者
修是不可数名词。故填few。该结构中前一个as是副词，修饰后面的形容词或副词原级形式，后一个 as
是连词。注意so...as仅用于否定句中。句意：牵涉到的人数不大，仅有20人。
二、比较级的特殊用法
（一）more and more表示“越来越……”。如：
She felt herself becoming more and more nervous.
他觉得自己变得越来越紧张。
It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.
春天来了, 天气变得越来越暖和了。
（二）“the more…the more…”表示“越来越……”。如：
The more money you make, the more you spend.钱你赚得越多,花得越多。
【典题】The older she grows, the______ (interest) she becomes in the traditional food in her own country.
【答案与解析】more interested。本题完整的句型为:the more(形容词/副词比较级)+主语+谓语,the
more(形容词/副词比较级)+主语+谓语。根据句子的意思和连系动词become可以看出用interest的形容词形
式作表语，再由主语she看出用过去分词interested形式，再根据前面The older确定填比较级形式 moreinterested。
（三）用形容词比较级的否定形式,从反面来表示最高级,通常译为“没有比……更……”。如：
No other book has a greater effect on my life.=This book has the greatest effect on my life.
没有哪一本书比这本书对我的影响更大的了。
How beautiful she sings! I've never heard a better voice. = How beautiful she sings! She has the best voice
I've ever heard. 她唱的真美呀，我从来没有听过如此动听的声音。
【典题】— Go for a picnic this weekend, OK?
—I couldn’t agree _______(much). I love getting close to nature.
【答案与解析】more。根据答句“我喜欢接近自然”看出是肯定回应，从答句couldn’t 看用比较级
的否定形式表示肯定意义。句意是：--- 周末去野炊好吗？--- 非常赞同，我喜欢亲近自然。
（四）more…than结构或as…as…用于倍数表达。具体表达方式有：
1. A …X times +形容词或副词比较级+than+B。如：
The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one.
这本词典比那本词典贵五倍。
This hall is five times bigger than our classroom．这个大厅比我们的教室大五倍。（是我们教室的六倍）
2. A …X times as+形容词或副词原级+as+B。如：
His father is twice as old as he. 他父亲的年龄是他年龄的两倍。
The plane flew ten times as high as the kite．那架飞机飞行高度是那个风筝的十倍。（高出九倍）
【典题】The house rent is expensive. I’ve got about half the space I had at home and I am paying three times
____ much here.
【答案与解析】as。从“房租很贵”的提示，结合根据 about half the space“大约一半的空间看出表示
付出“三倍的价格”，是倍数表达句型，much表示原级，所以是X times as...as句型。
（五）表示“一......就......”的句型no sooner…than…
本句型是包含比较级的一个特殊句型，意思是“一……就……”，no sooner置于句首通常要用部分倒
装结构，即把谓语动词的一部分置于主语之前，主句部分多用过去完成时态，所以句型结构是：No
sooner+had+主语+过去分词+…+than….。No sooner had the football game started than it began to rain.足球赛刚开始就下起雨来了。
He had no sooner / No sooner had he arrived than he was asked to leave again.他刚到就被支走了。
【典题】 --- Did Linda see the traffic accident?
--- No, no _____(soon) had she gone than it happened.
【答案与解析】sooner。根据否定词回答知道“琳达没有目睹交通事故”，后面补充说明原因，根据
no和than看出用sooner，表示“她刚走就发生了”。
（六）不表示比较意义的比较结构
有些结构表面上是比较级形式，但是其实已经有了其他的意义，要结合语境判断，否则会产生歧义。
这样的结构常见的有：as(so) long as“只要......就......”，引导条件状语从句；as far as...“就......而言......”；as
well as“还有...”；as soon as“一......就......”，引导时间状语从句。如：
I don’t care, so long as she let me be with her.只要她让我和她在一起,我才不在乎呢。
As far as I know, he'll be away for three months.据我所知，他将外出三个月。
He as well as I likes being in the sun.他和我都喜欢晒太阳。
As soon as she arrived in the city, she phoned her friend.
她一到这个城市，就给她的朋友打电话。
【典题】As _____ as I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.
【答案与解析】far。As far as I can see的意思是“依我看”。句意是：依我看，只可能有一种方法规避危
险。
另外还有一些含有比较级的固定短语，如：sooner or later意思是“迟早”, worse still（what’s worse, to
make things/ matters worse）“更糟的是”, what’s more“而且”, more or less“有点儿，或多或少，有几分”,
less than“少于，不到”, no more/not any more“不再（强调数量）”, no longer/not any longer“不再（强调时
间）”。如:
I believe they will get chances and succeed sooner or later if they hold on to their dreams and keep on trying.
我相信如果他们坚持自己的梦想，坚持尝试，他们迟早会得到机会并成功。
Worse still, after about 20 minutes after the ship takes off, all radio contact between ship and earth will be
destroyed. 更坏的是，当飞船起飞20分钟后，所有飞船与地球的无线电通讯都被切断。
To make matters worse, the candle went out and father and son were left in the dark. 更糟的是，蜡烛熄灭
了，父子俩处于在黑暗中。In recent years, there is a growing tendency for people to shop online, and most people more or less have the
experience of shopping online. 近年来，网购有增长趋势，大多数人或多或少都有过网上购物的经历。
It was the second air disaster in the region in less than two months. 这是不到两个月内该地区内的第2起空
难。
If you've been asked for an interview you are probably on a shortlist of no more than six. 如果你已经被要求
参加面试，你很可能在不超过6人的候选名单上。
