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专题 03 形容词和副词
近三年的中考英语中，形容词和副词的考点主要集中在以下几个方面：
1. 形容词的比较等级：包括原级、比较级和最高级的形式及其在不同语境中的应用。
考点分布 2. 副词的用法：侧重于副词在句子中修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的能力，以及表示时间、地点、方
式、程度等概念。
3. 形容词短语搭配：考查形容词与介词、名词等搭配形成的短语意义及用法。
题型分布 在单项选择、完形填空、综合填空等题型中均有出现，其中完形填空和综合填空对形容词和副词的考
查尤为突出，要求考生能够准确理解语境，选择合适的形容词或副词填空。
考情 1. 直接考查：通过给出形容词或副词的原级、比较级、最高级形式，要求考生根据语境选择正确的形
分析 式。这类题目在单项选择中较为常见。
2. 语境化考查：将形容词和副词置于具体的语境中，要求考生根据上下文理解并选择合适的词汇。这
考法与
类题目在完形填空和综合填空中占据较大比重。
比重 3. 综合考查：结合形容词和副词的用法，考查考生在句子中综合运用这些词汇的能力。这类题目通常
出现在综合填空或写作中。
从比重上看，形容词和副词在中考英语中的考查占据了一定比例，且随着年级的升高，考查的难度和
深度也逐渐增加。
语境化 近年来的中考英语试题越来越注重语境化考查，将形容词和副词置于具体的语境中，要求考生根据上
下文理解并选择合适的词汇。
命题 综合化 试题往往将形容词和副词的考查与其他语法点相结合，如时态、语态、从句等，形成综合考查。
规律 高频化 一些常见的形容词和副词在中考英语中的出现频率较高，如“ good/well”、“bad/
ill”、“beautiful”、“fast”等。
生活化 试题中的语境往往贴近学生的生活实际，如学校生活、家庭生活、社交活动等，使考生能够在熟悉的
生活场景中运用所学知识。
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考点一 形容词和形容词短语
1．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）Our monitor Sally never shows off, so we all think she is ________.
A．active B．modest C．polite D．energetic
2．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）My cousin Andy is very ________. He always makes us laugh.
A．lucky B．helpful C．brave D．funny
3．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—Ailly, what do you think of these Chinese paintings?
—_______! They show perfect skills of painting.
A．Common B．Important C．Wonderful D．Expensive
4．（2023·上海·中考真题）Joyce felt ________ when she won the first prize for handwriting.
A．please B．pleased C．pleasure D．pleasantly
5．（2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题）An old man ________ on the side of the road was found ________, and he was
sent to the hospital by the bus driver and passengers immediately.
A．lies; dies B．lay; died C．lain; dead D．lying; dying
6．（2024·山东东营·中考真题）Too much sugar can ________ your health. So eat less sugar.
A．be good with B．be harmful to C．be thirsty for D．be different from
7．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）People are ________ whether a man wearing glasses can enter a space station.
A．patient with B．crazy about C．busy with D．curious about
8．（2023·湖北襄阳·中考真题）—Zibo barbecue(烧烤) is very popular now.
—That’s because the whole city ________ tourists.
A．is worried aboutB．is friendly to C．is afraid of D．is harmful to
9．（2023·辽宁·中考真题）We should be ________ our parents. They have done a lot for us.
A．thirsty for B．thankful to C．angry with D．similar to
10．（2022·辽宁抚顺·中考真题）China is becoming stronger and we’re all ________ our country.
A．friendly to B．patient with C．proud of D．thirsty for
形容词用于修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的性质、状态、属性或特征。基本用法如下：
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功能 位置 例句
作定语 放在名词前 This is aninterestingbook.
形容词修饰复合不定代词时,通常I have somethingimportantto tell you.
后置
作表语 放在系动词后,系动词主要有be动This activity is meaningful.
词 、 三 变 化 （ turn ， get ，
Leaves turn yellow in autumn.
become）、感官动词以及stay, go,
seem等 You look very happy.
Lucy always stays positive.
作宾语补足语 常置于keep, make, leave等动词之We should keep our classroomclean.
后，说明宾语的性质、状态和特
征
作状语 相当于状语从句，可位于句首、He arrived home,hungryandtired.
句末或句中。
【拓展】
（1）形容词alive, alone, afraid, awake, asleep, well（健康的）等只能作表语。如：Don't be afraid!
（2）有些形容词位于定冠词the之后，泛指一类人，表示复数概念，作主语时，谓语动词用复数（如：be用
are/were）。这类词有: young/old, rich/poor, healthy/ill, living/dead等。如：
The wise are always listening, not speaking.
考向1 形容词词义辨析
对于语境辨析类试题,考生首先要掌握各个选项的意思，再根据语境的逻辑关系来确定正确答案。
考向2 形容词短语辨析
（1）be+adj.+about
be worried about对……担忧
be crazy about对……着迷
be curious about对……好奇
be excited about 对……感到兴奋
be sorry about对……感到抱歉/遗憾/难过
be sure about确信；对……有把握
（2）be+adj.+at
be good at擅长……
be surprised at对……感到惊奇
be angry at对……生气（对事）
be amazed at对……感到惊讶
be annoyed/mad at对……恼怒
（3）be+adj.+of
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be afraid of 害怕……
be full of充满……
be proud of为……感到自豪
be sure of对……有把握
be tired of对……感到厌倦
be fond of喜欢……
（4）be+adj.+from
be different from与……不同
be absent from缺席……
be free from没有……，免受……
（5）be+adj.+for
be famous/known/well-known for 因……而著名
be late for迟到
be thirsty for渴望……
be good for对……有好处
be ready for为……做好准备
be suitable for适合……
（6）be+adj.+in
be interested in 对……感兴趣
be weak in在……方面薄弱
be rich in富于，盛产
be successful in在……方面成功
be talented in 在……方面有天赋
（7）be+adj.+with
be angry with生……的气（对人）
be born with天生具有
be busy with忙于
be careful with 小心
be familiar with熟悉
be strict with对……严格
be popular with受……欢迎
be patient with对……有耐心
be satisfied/pleased with 对……感到满意
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be good with善于应付……的；跟……相处得好
（8）be+adj.+to
be harmful to对……有害
be similar to与……相似
be close to接近
be friendly/good/nice/kind to对……友好
be polite to对……有礼貌
be thankful to对……心怀感激
be rude to对……粗鲁
考点二 副词的基本用法及辨析
1．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）We did not know they were in trouble at that time. ________, we would give them a
hand.
A．However B．Otherwise C．In fact D．For example
2．（2024·天津·中考真题）The teacher speaks ________ and carefully so that we can understand her better.
A．hardly B．only C．slowly D．nearly
3．（2024·山东滨州·中考真题）—Congratulations on winning a gold medal at the skating competition!
—Thank you! I spent _________ half a year preparing for it.
A．badly B．hardly C．nearly D．loudly
4．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）It’s such an important meeting that everyone is advised to dress ________.
A．careful B．carefully C．proper D．properly
5．（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Amy did very well in her report. She is ________ to pay attention to every detail.
A．enough careful B．careful enough C．enough careless D．careless enough
6．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）Jack is crazy about sports. He ________ takes part in the school sports meeting.
A．never B．seldom C．sometimes D．always
7．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）I thought I did badly in the exam. ________, I got a 60 and passed. Hooray!
A．Maybe B．Instead C．Almost D．However
8．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）—How does this new washing machine work?
—It’s easy. You ________ touch this icon.
A．even B．almost C．ever D．just
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9．（2023·湖北襄阳·中考真题）—Wow, there are so many people in Tangcheng Scenic Area.
—It is always full of visitors, ________ during the holidays.
A．actually B．finally C．simply D．especially
10．（2023·山东青岛·中考真题）It was reported that visitors were ________ on May Day this year.
A．everywhere B．anywhere C．somewhere D．nowhere
1.副词的基本用法
功能 位置 例句
作状语 ①多数副词放在动词之后 It's raining heavily now.
②动词若带宾语，则放在宾语之The girl listens to the teacher carefully.
后
③频度副词通常放在行为动词之We can often see the girl read here.
前，情态动词、助动词和be动词
之后
④程度副词修饰形容词或副词，I'm almost ready.
一般放在被修饰词前
作表语 主要限于少数状态或位置副词、When will you be back？
时间副词以及其他副词
作定语 一般放在被修饰的名词或代词之Life here is full of joy.
后
作补足语 可作主语补足语或宾语补足语，He is too young to leave him at home alone.（作
说明主语和宾语所处的位置、状
宾语补足语）
态、性质、特征等
2.常见副词的位置及分类
类型 典型词汇 用法
频度副词 always, usually, often, sometimes, 置于行为动词之前，be动词、助动词
seldom,hardly ever, never等 及情态动词之后，表示动作发生的频
率
方式副词 quickly, happily, loudly, suddenly, luckily, 置于不及物动词之后或及物动词之
badly, easily, fast等 前，表示动作的行为方式
程度副词 heavily, quite, enough, almost, hardly, rather, 置于被修饰的词前，表示动词、形容
a lot, a little, so, too, much等 词或另一个副词的强度或程度
时间副词 now, then, today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, 一般置于句尾，表示动作发生的时
ago,just, soon, lately,already, ever, yet等 间，是确定句子时态的重要标志
地点副词 outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home, 一般置于句尾，表示动作发生的地点
near, away, in, back, off, up, anywhere等 或位置关系
疑问副词（词组） when, where, why, how, how long, how soon, 置于特殊疑问句或宾语从句的句首，
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how often, how far等 用于构成特殊疑问句
【注意】enough修饰形容词或副词时需后置。如：The boy is old enough to go to school.（修饰形容词）
Sara speaks English well enough to communicate with a British.（修饰副词）
3.其他常考副词
anyway无论如何 abroad在国外
alone独自 also并且；也
besides此外 especially尤其；特别
finally最后；最终 however然而；不过
instead代替；反而 once一次；曾经
perhaps可能；大概 probably大概
【拓展】
（1）有些以-ly结尾的单词是形容词，如：
friendly, lonely, lovely, lively, ugly等
（2）同形形容词和副词
①词义相近的同形形容词和副词
形容词 副词
We had an early breakfast.（早的） We had breakfastearly.（早地）
We went by a fast train.（快的） Don't speak so fast.（快地）
②词义不同的同形形容词和副词
形容词 副词
I want astraightanswer.（坦诚的） He wentstraightto Beijing.（直接地）
I don't feelwelltoday.（健康的） Our plans gowell.（顺利地）
It is as hard as a stone.（坚硬的） She studies hard.（努力地）
The test is so hard.（困难的） He holds the paper hard.（用力地）
（3）有些词虽然既可作形容词也可作副词，但加了-ly之后意义相差很大，如：
{ hard adj. 硬的；努力的；艰难的
adv.努力地；猛烈地；大量地
hardly adv. 几乎不
{late adj. 迟的；晚的 adv. 迟地；晚地
lately adv. 近来；最近；不久前
4.副词词义辨析
分析浙江真题，副词词义辨析主要在完形填空中考查，且主要考查的是-ly副词词义辨析，偶尔涉及频度副
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词词义辨析。
考点三 形容词和副词的比较等级
1．（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题）Nowadays traveling by high-speed train is as ________ as traveling by air in China.
A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular
2．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）—How are you feeling today, young man?
—Much ________. The medicine works. Thank you, Doctor.
A．best B．better C．worst D．worse
3．（2024·山东东营·中考真题）Today AI technology is developing ________ we can imagine. Nobody knows what
will happen tomorrow.
A．much faster than B．as fast as C．more slowly than D．as slowly as
4．（2023·天津·中考真题）Sam did ________ in his studies this year than last year.
A．well B．better C．best D．the best
5．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）The ________ you are, the ________ mistakes you’ll make.
A．more careful; more B．less careful; fewer C．more careful; fewer
6．（2023·上海·中考真题）It’s much ________ today. You needn’t have your coat on.
A．warm B．warmer C．warmest D．the warmest
7．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）—I really like yesterday’s dragon boat race. What about you?
—Me too. It’s ________ one I have ever seen.
A．a more boring B．a more wonderful
C．the most boring D．the most wonderful
8．（2024·北京·中考真题）What a lovely reading room! It’s one of ________ in our school.
A．nice B．nicer C．nicest D．the nicest
9．（2022·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）—What’s the second ________ river in China?
—The Yellow River.
A．longer B．the longer C．longest D．the longest
10．（2022·吉林长春·中考真题）Zhao Chen ran ________ of all the students at the sports meeting.
A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．less fast
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1.形容词、副词比较等级的变化规则
（1）规则变化
类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
直接加-er, -est young younger youngest
以不发音e结尾的加-r, large larger largest
-st
以单个辅音字母结尾的 big bigger biggest
重读闭音节词，先双写
单音节词和少数双音节词 fat fatter fattest
该辅音字母，再加-er
或-est hot hotter hottest
以“辅音字母加 y”结 happy happier happiest
尾，先变y为i,再加-er,
easy easierheal easiest
-est
healthy thier healthiest
多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more, most careful more careful the most careful
clever more clever the most clever
（2）不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad/badly worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
2.形容词、副词比较等级的用法
（1）原级的用法
用法 例句
说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时用原级 The flowers in the garden
arebeautiful.
被程度副词very， so， too， enough， quite等修饰时用原级 She's verynicewhen you get to know
her.
as+原级+as Jack is as old as Kate.
Tom runs as fast as Mike.
not+as/so+原级+as This room is not as/so big as that one.
He doesn't walk as/so slowly as you.
（2）比较级的用法
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用法 例句
“比较级+than”，表示“比” My brother Bob ismore hard-working
thanme.
“the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越……，越……” The morefruit you eat,the healthieryou
will be.
“比较级+and+比较级”，表示“越来越……” Our city is becomingcleaner and
cleaner.
“the+比较级+of the two…”，表示“两者中比较……的一个” He isthe more active of the twoboys.
“Which/Who+is/谓语动词+比较级，A or B?”, 表示“两者相比较，哪个/谁Which is nearerto the sun, the
更……？” moonorthe earth?
“比较级+than any other+可数名词单数” =“比较级+than the other+可数名词Li Gang istaller than any other
复数”，表示“比任何一个人/物都……”（比较级形式表最高级含义） studentin his class.=Li Gang istaller than
the other studentsin his class.
“A+be/谓语动词+倍数+比较级+than+B”, 表示“A几倍于B” My apples arethree times more
thanyours.
根据语境判断比较级 This pair of shoes is too big for me, so I
want to change for asmallerone.
【拓展】比较级前一般可用much, a little, a lot, even, still, far, a bit等词来修饰。如：
It is much warmer than yesterday.
（3）最高级的用法
“the+最高级+of/in+比较范围”，表示“……是……中最……”（三者或三者以上This picture isthe best ofall in the
的） box.
“one of the+最高级+可数名词复数+比较范围”，表示“……中最……之一” Qipao isone of the most traditional
dressesin China.
“the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+比较范围”，表示“A是……中第几She isthe second tallest girlin our
最……” class.
“Which/Who+be+the+最高级，A, B or C?”,表示“三者比较，哪个/谁最……？” Who is the tallestin your class, Tom,
KateorBill?
否定词+比较级（+than）或can't/couldn't+比较级（否定词有not, no, never, Nobodycould do the workbetter
nothing等） thanhe did.
根据语境判断最高级 There are four seasons in a year.
Autumn isthe bestone.
【注意】
（1）形容词最高级前要加the，但当形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等时，不加the。
（2）副词最高级前的the可省略。
考点四 形容词和副词填空——针对词汇运用和语法填空
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1．（2023·四川宜宾·中考真题）The pens are on sale in that store, so you can buy them more c than usual.
2．（2022·四川德阳·中考真题）Bruce jumps f than most of the students in his class.
3．（2022·广西桂林·中考真题）David jumps the h in his class.
4．（2022·黑龙江·中考真题）—Jim, do you know who lives (far) in our class?
—I think Kate does.
5．（2023·湖南常德·中考真题）The Yangtze River is one of (long) rivers in the world.
6．（2021·内蒙古包头·中考真题）We were touched by the of the welcome. (warm)
考向1 填形容词原级
用法 示例
位于be动词、感官动词后作表语 Thomas is thin and tall.
This song sounds wonderful.
位于名词前作定语 a big park
位于复合不定代词后，修饰复合不定代词 Something new
位于宾语之后作宾补，常与make， leave， keep等动词连用 The good news made everyone very happy.
as+形容词原级+as The kitchen is as clean as the living room.
在句型It is+adj.+（of/for sb.） to do sth. 中 It is necessary to have a good study habit.
考向2 填副词原级［2024.51，2024.63］
用法 例句
修饰动词、形容词或其他副词 Lily is reading carefully in her room.
The play is really funny.
修饰动词短语 Our family do some cleaning in the househappily.
修饰整个句子，常位于句首 Finally， doctors and nurses arrived in time.
考向3 形容词、副词变比较等级
用法 例句
若句中有 much， even， far， than等比较级标志词时，用比较级 Peter is muchstrongerthan he used to be.
若句末有in/of/among短语等表示范围时，用最高级 The hotel has thebestrooms of the three.
“比较级+and +比较级”，“the +比较级， the +比较级”等固定用法 It is believed that the harder you work，
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the better result you'll get.
one of+ the+形容词最高级+名词复数形式+其他 Norman Bethune is one of the most famous
heroes in China.
根据语境判断 Charlie is the second tallest student in the
class.
考向4 形容词变名词
在以下情况下，需将形容词变为名词：
用法 示例
a/an/the/形容词性物主代词+名词 the height of the mountain
形容词+名词 many differences
动词/介词+名词 pay attention to safety
介词短语中 in danger
【拓展】初中常考“形容词变名词”的规则如下：
（1）形容词+-ness
ill→illness疾病 kind→kindness仁慈;好意
（2）形容词+-ty/-ity/-y
safe→safety安全
electric→electricity 电力；电流
difficult→difficulty 困难
（3）形容词（以t结尾的）变t为ce
different→difference差异；不同
confident→confidence自信；信心
patient→patience耐心
（4）形容词+-er/-r
foreign→foreigner 外国人
strange→stranger陌生人
（5）形容词去掉-ful
successful→success成功
（6）其他形式
true→truth 事实 free→freedom自由
考向5 形容词变反义词
初中常考“形容词变反义词”的规则如下：
（1）im+以字母m, b, p开头的形容词
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possible→impossible不可能的
（2）un+形容词
usual→unusual不寻常的
necessary→unnecessary不必要的
（3）dis+形容词
honest→dishonest不诚实的
（4）in+形容词
correct→incorrect 不正确的
考向6 形容词变副词
【拓展】形容词变副词的规律
规则 示例
以“辅音字母加-y”结尾的形容词，变y为i，再加-ly lucky→luckily
happy→happily
以“辅音字母加-le”结尾的形容词，去e，再加-y terrible→terribly
possible→possibly
simple→simply
少数以“元音字母加-e”结尾的形容词，去e，再加-ly true→truly
1．The villagers found a ________ dog in the house. Perhaps it died two days ago.
A．dead B．death C．died D．dying
2．The little dancer from Australia looks ________ in the long black skirt.
A．gently B．happily C．lovely D．beautifully
3．That tech company always develops amazing new products to keep customers ________.
A．excite B．exciting C．excited D．excitement
4．My bedroom isn’t ________ Li Peng’s.
A．so large as B．small than C．as larger as D．the largest
5．—The panda Yaya has returned to China from the USA．
—I hope she can get ________ care than ever before.
A．careful B．most careful C．more careful D．carefully
6．—I usually watch videos to pass my boring time.
—But study shows that browsing videos on TikTok actually can make people feel ________. So put down your mobiles
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and do something more meaningful.
A．bored B．more bored C．most bored
7．—The relation between the two countries gets ________. A war seems to break out soon.
—I hope they will make peace with each other.
A．worse and worse B．better and better
C．more and more worse D．more and more better
8．—The doctor told me not to eat too much, but I thinkit’s hard for me.
—The doctor is right. ________ you eat, ________ you will be.
A．The less; the healthier B．The less; the more healthier
C．The more; the healthier D．The more; the more healthier
9．—Nanjing is a historic city with many historical figures.
—So I think Nanjing is more monumental (具有纪念意义的) than ________ city in Jiangsu.
A．other B．any other C．any D．others
10．Shanghai is larger than ________ city in New Zealand.
A．all other B．any other C．other D．any
11．Who is ________ one, Tom or Jack?
A．the taller B．the tall C．the tallest D．tall
12．I think Pirates of Caribbean is ________ film of the three.
A．exciting B．more exciting C．most exciting D．the most exciting
13．—Changchun is famous for ice and snow.
—Yes, Jingyuetan National Forest Park is one of ______ places of interest in Changchun.
A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．most beautiful D．the most beautiful
14．Nanjing isn’t so large _________ Shanghai. However, it’s the second ________ city in East China.
A．like; largest B．as; largest C．like; large D．as; large
15．As an old saying goes, he who has ________ been to the Great Wall is not a true man.
A．never B．seldom C．often D．always
16．— Don’t worry. My mother will look after your baby __________.
— Thanks a lot.
A．enough careful B．careful enough
C．enough carefully D．carefully enough
17．The junior assistants are trained to deal with customer complaints ________.
A．friendly B．politely
C．lovely D．lonely
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18．—Lucy, I’m poor in English. Could you give me some advice?
—You can speak English as __________ as possible.
A．much B．many C．more D．most
19．— Which do you like ________ , basketball or football?
— Football.
A．well B．better C．best D．the best
20．My dad always says to me, “The ______ you study, the ______ you will be.”
A．harder; luckier B．harder; lucky C．hard; luckier D．hard; lucky
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