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专题 03 阅读理解
近三年中考英语阅读理解单选题，文体覆盖记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文，选材
考情分析
贴近生活、紧跟热点。文章篇幅200-400词，题量15-20题，每题2分，分值占比高。
1. 细节理解：最基础高频，考查对具体信息的捕捉，如时间、地点、人物行为等。
2. 推理判断：要求依据文本合理推断作者意图、态度、文章走向等，考查逻辑思维。
考点分布
3. 主旨大意：考查概括中心思想、选择标题、判断段落大意，检验综合归纳能力。
4. 词义猜测：通过语境、构词法猜测生词含义。
1. 细节理解题：占比约40%，题干给出信息，学生文中定位作答。
2. 推理判断题：约占30%，从故事结局推人物性格等，选项迷惑性强。
考法与比重
3. 主旨大意题：比重约20%，概括内容或选标题，需把握整体脉络。
4. 词义猜测题：占比约10%，根据上下文和常识选含义。
1. 语篇选材：联系生活，关注社会、文化、科技，如环保、人工智能等话题。
命题规律 2. 考点设置：考点均匀，综合考查多种题型与阅读技巧、思维能力。
3. 干扰项设置：有迷惑性，常见偷换概念、范围偏差、无中生有等。
1. 增加阅读量：广泛阅读英语报刊、杂志、小说，培养语感，提升阅读速度与理解能
力。
2. 掌握阅读技巧：学会略读、扫读、精读，针对不同题型采用不同方法。
备考建议
3. 积累词汇：丰富词汇量，掌握用法与搭配。
4. 分析错题：分析原因，针对改进，避免再错。
5. 限时训练：模拟考试，适应节奏，提高答题效率。
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考点一 应用文
（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）
Join Us!Different clubs make our school life colorful. Which one would you like to
join?
Volunteer ClubWe are going to visit Basketball Club Can you
the old people’s home this Saturday. We will
do some cleaning for the old and make
dumplings with them. Let’s meet at 9:00 a. play basketball? Do you want to learn
m. at the school gate. We will take the bus different basketball skills? Do you want to
there and return at 4:00 p. m. enjoy exciting matches? Our club opens at
4:00 p. m. every Tuesday. Remember to wear
Call 379516 to join us.
sports shoes.
Call 543715 if you are interested.
Hiking ClubWe are
DIY ClubIf you are a DIY lover, come
and join us! Here you can make, repair and
decorate things yourselves. You’ll have lots
going to the countryside for a hike this
of fun here. The club is open from 2:00 p. m.
Sunday. We can enjoy the beauty of nature
to 5:30 p. m. every Monday.
and have a picnic there. We will come back
at 3:30 p. m. Let’s meet at the school gate at Call 593782 for more information.
8:00 a. m.
Call 592873 if you want to join us.
1．Amy, a member of Volunteer Club, will get to the old people’s home ________.
A．by bus B．by plane C．by train D．on foot
2．If Tony joins Basketball Club, he can go there __________.
A．at weekends B．every Monday C．every day D．every Tuesday
3．John wants to have a picnic at weekends. He can join __________.
A．Volunteer Club B．Basketball Club C．Hiking Club D．DIY Club
4．You can call __________ to know more about DIY Club.
A．592873 B．543715 C．379516 D．593782
5．Where can you most probably find the poster?
A．In a restaurant. B．In a school. C．In a hotel. D．In a supermarket.
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【参考答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．B
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了几个俱乐部。
1．细节理解题。根据“We will take the bus there and return at 4:00 p. m”可知他们要坐公交车去。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“Our club opens at 4:00 p. m. every Tuesday”可知每周二去篮球俱乐部。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“Hiking Club We can enjoy the beauty of nature and have a picnic there”可知如果想野餐，
可以参加徒步旅行俱乐部。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“Call 593782 for more information.”可知可以打电话593782了解更多关于DIY俱乐部的信
息。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据“Let’s meet at 9:00 a. m. at the school gate”以及“Let’s meet at the school gate at 8:00 a.
m.”可知文章可能出现在学校。故选B。
命题特点
现在中考英语阅读理解的内容更趋生活化、信息化、时代化，较多涉及广告等实际应用文体。应用文是
贴近日常生活的文体，包括通知、广告、申请书等，形式多样，题材各异，是近年来考查得比较多的一种文
体。广告应用文语言地道，多采用简单句，很少用句型结构较为复杂的长、难句，因此读起来比较容易。但
是此类文章篇幅较长，信息较多，而且很多是对解题来说无用的信息。因此在解题时要注意掌握技巧。
解题技巧
1.抓住广告的标题：我们要把广告各部分的标题浏览一遍，明白广告的目的。如果广告开头有导语，一定要认
真阅读，因为开头一般概括文章大意。然后再看试题，带着试题到文章中寻找答案。这就好比我们在生活中阅
读报刊中的广告一样，先看广告部分的分类标题，然后再带着自己的需要去寻找所需信息。最后根据问题在文
中找相关线索，排除错误选项， 得出最佳答案。
2.广告文章的阅读一般采取跳读、略读等快速阅读法，快速浏览信息，搜索对比。对文中信息的快速处理能力
是考查阅读理解能力的重要方面。
3.先看问题再读文章：做一般的阅读理解题时是先看文章还是先看试题应视个人的习惯和具体情况而定。但是
广告文体文章比较长，此时我们不必记住所有信息，可以先阅读题目，带着问题阅读，多注意细节，如时间、
地点、人物或数据等，简明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章内容。
解题策略
考生必须掌握应对应用文阅读的一些常见技巧或方法，这样有利于快速、准确地答题。
1. 夯实基础
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尽量多积累一些非考纲单词和一些常见的缩写词语，由于应用文中常常出现大量的缩写词和一些生词，这
就要求同学们平时要在老师的指导下，有意识地尽量多积累一些非考纲单词和一些常见的缩写词语。例如：表
时间，路程，数量：am=morning， pm=afternoon， Mon=Monday， Jan.=January，hr=hour， hrs =hours，
P.W.=perweek，ml= mile，doz=dozen，Max=maximum，Min=minimum
表通信和影视设备：Te1.=telephone number， Ph.=phone
表媒体：VOA=Voice of America，BBC=British Broadcasting Corporation
表学历、职业：MA=Master of Arts，BS degree= bachelor’s degree(学士学位)，prof.=professor，Dr.=doctor，
VIP=very important persons
表国家、组织、地点：the USA=the United States of America，the PRC=the People’s Republic of China，WTO=World
Trade Organization，co.=company，Add(r).=address，Sta=Station，Mt=Mountain
表方向：s=south， n=north， w=west，e=east
其他：Lid=Limited，P=page，pop=popular，Xmas=Christmas，info=information，ad=advertisement，vs=versus，
PC=personal computer 等等。
2. 宜采用＂题干定位法＂
应用文阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在高考试题中，常常是
就某一点提问，以细节理解题为主，考生完全没有必要从头到尾全部仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信
息。做此类题时，宜采用＂题干定位法＂，即先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，按照题目顺序依次有针对性地
结合题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，阅读相关部分，快速寻找有效信息，再把原文和选项相比较。当问题与
材料相同的时候，对号入座；如果问题与原文不同，则可以同义替换、归纳事实等。要注意根据所提问题采用
寻读、跳读的方法，这样往往可以达到事半功倍的效果。
3. 补全成分法
省略词和省略句在应用文阅读材料中大量出现，对于影响语境理解的省略情况，我们应结合全文语境及逻
辑关系将省略句补全，从而更加准确地理解。例如：Driver wanted. 根据文意，可将该句补充为＂A driver will
be wanted.(招聘一名司机。) ＂。
4. 排除法
排除法在应用文阅读中也应用得较多，即排除与文章内容不一致的错误信息，从而确定正确选项。
（一）（2025·江苏盐城·一模）
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1．The material is probably taken from ________.
A．a website for travelling B．a webpage for decoration
C．a website for attractions D．a webpage for airlines
2．Which country is the user going to?
A．Japan. B．France. C．America. D．Russia.
3．What do we know about Hotel Duo?
A．Its suite has a kitchen. B．It’s less popular among people.
C．It doesn’t need prepayment to book. D．It has two bathrooms.
【参考答案】1．A 2．B 3．C
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了一个关于旅行的网站。
1．推理判断题。根据网站最上面的信息 “Booking.com;Stay;Flight... Register;Sign in”可知，本文主要介绍了一个
关于旅行的网站，可以预定住宿、航班等。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“Search”中的信息，目的地是“Paris(巴黎)”，所以用户要去法国，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Hotel Duo”部分的信息，“Free cancellation; no prepayment needed(免费取消;不需要预付预
订费)”可知，它不需要预付预订费，故选C。
（二）
（2025·广东深圳·一模）What movies are you going to watch during your holiday? If you like comedic movies or
action movies, the following four movies are all very exciting and fun to watch.
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Ne Zha 2Release date: January 29, 2025
The animated movie Ne Zha 2 is going to amaze you with its colorful world. This movie
continues the legend of the brave and naughty Ne Zha. With his magical powers and courage, he
tries to protect his friends and the world from enemies. It’s certain that the movie will make you
think about what is important in life.
Operation DragonRelease date: January 29, 2025
The action movie Operation Dragon will make your heart race with its exciting fight scenes.
The movie is about a group of special forces soldiers who carry out a dangerous mission. Facing
various difficulties and powerful enemies, they never back down and finally succeed with their
efforts and excellent skills, which shows the spirit of patriotism and the courage of the heroes.
Detective Chinatown 1900Release date: January 29, 2025
The detective movie Detective Chinatown 1900 is going to take you back to the old days. The
movie is full of mysterious plots and smart deductions (推理). The story follows a young
detective who tries to solve a series of strange cases in1900. He meets different people and uses
his wisdom to find out the truth. The movie is full of laughter and suspense (悬疑).
Boonie Bears: Reboot the FutureRelease date: January 29, 2025
The animated movie Boonie Bears: Reboot the Future is going to bring you a lot of warmth.
The movie is full of the interesting adventures of the bears and Logger Vick. It shows the
importance of friendship and environmental protection. The story is about Logger Vick and the
bears fixing future world and making the future better.
4．Which of the following movies are animated?
A．Ne Zha 2 and Boonie Bears: Reboot the Future. B．Operation Dragon and Detective Chinatown 1900.
C．Ne Zha 2 and Detective Chinatown 1900. D．Operation Dragon and Boonie Bears: Reboot the
Future.
5．Which movie would best suit the audience who enjoy humorous elements?
A．Ne Zha 2. B．Operation Dragon.
C．Detective Chinatown 1900. D．Boonie Bears: Reboot the Future.
6．What is the focus of the movie Boonie Bears: Reboot the Future?
A．The importance of friendship and environmental protection.
B．The interesting adventures of the bears and Logger Vick.
C．How Logger Vick and the bears travel to the future.
D．The funny and heartwarming scenes in the movie.
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7．Which word can replace the underlined word “mission” in the movie Operation Dragon?
A．goal B．task C．purpose D．rule
8．Where may this article be from?
A．A story book. B．A sports report.
C．A crime novel. D．A film advertisement.
【参考答案】4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了四部电影的基本信息。
4．细节理解题。根据“The animated movie Ne Zha 2 is going to amaze you with its colorful world.”以及“The
animated movie Boonie Bears: Reboot the Future is going to bring you a lot of joy and warmth.”可知，《哪吒2》和
《熊出没·重启未来》是动画电影，故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据“The movie is full of laughter and suspense.”可知，《唐探1900》这部电影充满欢笑，有幽
默元素，适合喜欢幽默内容的观众，故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据“It shows the importance of friendship and environmental protection.”可知，这部电影的重点是
友谊和环境保护的重要性，故选A。
7．词义猜测题。根据“carry out a dangerous mission”可知，这里指执行危险的任务，mission意为“任务”，与task
意思相近，故选B。
8．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了四部电影的基本信息，所以文章最有可能来自电影广告，故选D。
（三）（2025·安徽合肥·一模）
It’s the time again!
Here is our Writing Competition for 2025!
Rules: Please read the following rules carefully before handing in your writing.
◆ The competition is only open to the students aged 12-16 years old.
◆ Please don’t copy and make sure to create your own writings.
◆ Pictures are not necessary but writings with creative pictures will get extra points. Entry Fee (报名费):
Novel: £10. 5 per novel Short Story: £5 per short story Poem: £3 per poem
Key Information:
◆ Click here to download your entry form. Remember to hand in your form and work(s) before May 20th, 2025.
◆ The best works will be put up on www.yeovilprize.co.uk/competition/best works on May 27th. Everyone has
the chance to vote (投票) for their favourite writings from 28th to 31st May, 2025.
◆ You can click “Result” above after June 5th, 2025 and download your certificate (证书).
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For questions or more information please ask Sally Parker at weekdays.
Email: sally@ yeovilprize.co.uk.com
Office Number: 66712567
9．Which of the followings can probably get the first prize?
A．Rita, 11 years old, writes a poem about spring.
B．Mark, 13 years old, copies a novel on the Internet.
C．Lucy, 14 years old, writes a short story with creative pictures.
D．David, 17 years old, writes a short story about his school life.
10．If Kate hands in a novel and 2 poems, how much will she pay?
A．£13. 5. B．£16. 5. C．£18. 5. D．£20. 5.
11．When can you vote for your favourite writing?
A．On June 5th. B．On May 20th. C．On May 27th. D．On May 29th.
【参考答案】9．C 10．B 11．D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了2025年写作比赛的规则、报名费、关键信息等内容。
9．细节理解题。根据文章“The competition is only open to the students aged 12-16 years old.”可知，参赛者年龄必
须在12-16岁之间，因此A和D选项不符合条件。根据文章“Please don’t copy...”可知，抄袭的作品不符合参赛要
求，因此B选项不符合条件。根据文章“Pictures are not necessary but writings with creative pictures will get extra
points.”可知，带有创意图片的作品会获得额外加分，因此C选项最有可能获得一等奖。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据文章“Novel: £10. 5 per novel”和“Poem: £3 per poem”可知，一部小说的报名费是£10.5，一
首诗的报名费是£3。Kate提交了一部小说和两首诗，因此她需要支付的费用为£10.5 + £3 × 2 = £16.5。故选B。
11．细节理解题。根据文章“Everyone has the chance to vote (投票) for their favourite writings from 28th to 31st May,
2025.”可知，投票时间为5月28日至31日，因此D选项（5月29日）是符合投票时间的。故选D。
（四）
（2025·辽宁丹东·一模）Jackie is writing a summary (总结) and feedback (反馈) about School Day to his
teacher.Summary:
School Day was held successfully on May 6th. Twenty-four student helpers from Grade 8 were divided into four
groups of six. Each group had a task to raise money for the disabled.
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4
School postcards Chinese paintings Recycling bags made by students Homemade snacks by parents
(Leader: Natalie) (Leader: Tina) (Leader: Leo) (Leader: Nick)
All of the groups performed well on School Day and received praise from the visitors. In short, our School Day went
well and we got no poor opinions from the visitors.Feedback:
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Opinions from 200 students have been collected. Most students thought the activities were good. However, some
students thought the prices of the school postcards were a little too high.Satisfaction Feedback:
Follow-up:
Have a meeting with the headmaster about prizes for excellent student helpers.
12．The text is written to ________.
A．give a report B．have School Day
C．collect opinions from visitors D．hold a meeting with teachers
13．How did the students feel about the activities?
A．Disappointed. B．Satisfied. C．Worried. D．Surprised.
14．How many students like the recycling bags according to the feedback?
A．100. B．50. C．30. D．20.
15．Which of the following is TRUE about the activities?
A．Nick was the leader of Group 1. B．Twenty-four students offered their feedback.
C．The postcards were cheap. D．Student helpers who did well can get prizes.
【参考答案】12．A 13．B 14．A 15．D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，讲述了Jackie写给老师的关于学校日的总结和反馈。
12．细节理解题。根据文章“Jackie is writing a summary (总结) and feedback (反馈) about School Day to his teacher.”
可知，这篇文章是Jackie写给老师的报告。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据文章“Most students thought the activities were good.”可知，大多数学生对活动感到满意。
故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据“Opinions from 200 students have been collected.”和“Satisfaction Feedback”中的图表可知，
该反馈收集了200名学生的意见，其中喜欢回收袋的有50%，200*50%=100。故选A。
15．细节理解题。根据文章“Have a meeting with the headmaster about prizes for excellent student helpers.”可知，表
现优秀的学生助手可以获得奖品。故选D。
（五）（2025·甘肃平凉·一模）
Active Summer activity courses
We are looking for university students to work with children on our activity courses in July and August this
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summer.
We need instructors for the following activities: swimming, football, tennls, drama, art, music, photography.
Courses are:
Course 1: July 1st-15th Course 2: July 16th-31st
Course 3: August 1st-15th Course 4: August 16th-31st
For more information, email Mr. Smith at jobs@activesummer.co.uk
Please tell us which courses you would like to teach.
To:
jobs@activesummer.co.uk
Subject: Active Summer activity courses
Dear Mr. Smith,
I’m a university student and I’m interested in working on your activity courses this
summer.
I’m studying drama at Central University and I love photography, so I would like to teach
on those two courses. I’m also on the university swimming team and I’m learning to play the
guitar.
I can work for the first two weeks of July and the last two weeks of August.
Best regards,
Ben Brown
阅读以上材料，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。
16．When will the activity courses be offered?
A．In January and February. B．In July and August.
C．In September and October. D．In November and December.
17．How many activities can children take in all?
A．Two. B．Four. C．Seven. D．Eleven.
18．Ben is in the ________ team at the university.
A．swimming B．photography C．drama D．football
19．Ben can work as a teacher for ________.
A．Course 1 and Course 2 B．Course 2 and Course 3
C．Course 3 and Course 4 D．Course 1 and Course 4
20．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Active summer activity courses are for university students.
B．Students can learn reading and writing in Active summer.
C．Ben wants to teach drama and photography.
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D．Ben’s email address is jobs@activesummer.co.uk.
【参考答案】16．B 17．C 18．A 19．D 20．C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了暑期活动的教师招聘以及布朗写信给史密斯先生，想要应聘戏剧
和摄影教师的岗位。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段“We are looking for university students to work with children on our activity courses in
July and August this summer.”可知，活动课程将在七、八月进行。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据第二段“We need instructors for the following activities: swimming, football, tennls, drama, art,
music, photography.”可知，需要游泳、足球、网球、戏剧、艺术、音乐、摄影等活动的指导老师，由此可知，一
共有7个活动。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“I’m also on the university swimming team.”可知，Ben在游泳队。故选A。
19．细节理解题。根据“Course 1: July 1st-15th; Course 4: August 16th-31st”和“I can work for the first two weeks of
July and the last two weeks of August.”可知，Ben可以工作的时间是七月前两周和八月后两周，即Course 1 (7月1
日-15日) 和Course 4 (8月16日-31日)。故选D。
20．细节理解题。根据“I’m studying drama at Central University and I love photography, so I would like to teach on
those two courses.”可知，Ben在邮件中表示自己想教drama和photography，由此可知，选项C符合题意。故选
C。
（六）（2025·广东茂名·一模）
March 1st, 2024 Sunny
Today our biology teacher gave everyone in our class some soybean seeds (黄豆种子) to plant. I was happy to
share the news with my parents. They helped me prepare a pot with soil and a notebook. Also, I got a camera to record
the process. We planted the soybean seeds in the ground. I can’t wait to see them grow up.
March 5th, 2024 Cloudy
Nothing changed from the first day. I was so sad. But my mother told me that the seeds need time to grow. My
teacher said soil conditions and planting date are also important and I should wait patiently and keep watering them.
March 23rd, 2024 Rainy
Today, two tiny leaves finally showed up after about two weeks! How excited I was! With the help of my
parents, I fertilized (施肥) them. I hope they can grow faster.
April 3rd, 2024 Sunny
My soybeans have grown a lot taller! It’s amazing to see new lives growing right in front of me. I find it
meaningful to write down the growing process of my plants.
May 1st, 2024 Windy
Today my soybeans were finally coming out! It took a lot of work to look after them every day, but it was worth
working hard to help them grow so big and healthy.
21．Which of the following did the writer prepare before his planting?
A．Soybean seeds, soil and a pencil. B．A camera, scissors and soil.
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C．Soybean seeds, a camera and soil. D．A bottle, a pencil and a camera.
22．What did the teacher advise the writer to do when nothing changed?
A．Keep watering. B．Change the soil.
C．Cover the seeds. D．Add more soil.
23．How long did it take for the soybeans to come out from the first day?
A．One month. B．Two months.
C．Three months. D．Four months.
24．What might the soybean look like on March 23rd, 2024?
A． B． C． D．
25．The text can be described as ________.
A．an ad B．a notice C．an instruction D．a diary
【参考答案】21．C 22．A 23．B 24．B 25．D
【语篇解读】本文是一份大豆种植日志，记录了作者对大豆生长过程的观察和养护。
21．细节理解题。根据“Today our biology teacher gave everyone in our class some soybean seeds (黄豆种子) to
plant…They helped me prepare a pot with soil and a notebook. Also, I got a camera to record the process.”可知，作者
准备了大豆种子、土壤和相机。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据“Nothing changed from the first day…My teacher said soil conditions and planting date are also
important and I should wait patiently and keep watering them.”可知，当一切都没有变化时，老师建议作者继续浇水。
故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据“March 1st, 2024 Sunny”下面的“We planted the soybean seeds in the ground.”以及“May 1st,
2024 Windy”下面的“Today my soybeans were finally coming out!”可知，从种植到大豆长出来用了两个月的时间。
故选B。
24．推理判断题。根据“March 23rd, 2024 Rainy”下面的“Today, two tiny leaves finally showed up after about two
weeks!”可知，大豆应该已经长出了小叶子，结合选项可推知，B项符合。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据“March 1st, 2024 Sunny...March 5th, 2024 Cloudy...March 23rd, 2024 Rainy...April 3rd, 2024
Sunny...May 1st, 2024 Windy”可推知，本文是一篇日记。故选D。
（七）（2025·河北邯郸·一模）
First-aid ClubAccidents can happen anytime, so first Sports ClubDo you love moving? Why not join
aid is necessary. The first-aid club is the most popular school our team to jump, dance and move your body? Come
club. We have more than 100 members, and all of them are with us and dance in exciting competitions. Get stronger
interested in learning life-saving skills. We train students to do and make new friends at the same time. We practice, on
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first-aid, such as how to deal with a burn or a wound. We have Mondays from 5 p.m. to 7 p.m. in Room 301, Building 1
training on Wednesdays at 5 p.m. in Room 105, Building 3. and hold competitions at weekends.
Drama ClubStudents will have the chance to put
Art ClubAre you interested in taking photos? Do you on a play in a real theater. We teach students how to
love drawing things and choosing colors? Come and have fun appreciate (欣赏) the drama. We train students how to
with your cameras and brushes. We meet on Wednesdays at 5 act in a play. We invite professional actors to our club
p.m. in Room 201, Building 1. We always have a “best-picture- once a month. They teach members new acting skills
of-the-week” competition that you can join in. and take part in rehearsals (排练). We hold activities on
Wednesdays at 5 p.m. in Room 203, Building 3.
26．Which club is the most popular one?
A． B． C． D．
27．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The First-aid Club offers training on how to deal with a cold.
B．The Sports Club holds competitions on Wednesdays.
C．The Art Club meets on Wednesdays at 5 p.m.
D．The Drama Club only accepts students with acting experience.
28．Where can we most probably read the passage?
A． www.goodreaders.com/book/ B．www.beautifulplaces.com/travel/
C． www.dohousework.com/home/ D．www.afterschoollife.com/activity/
【参考答案】26．B 27．C 28．D
【语篇解读】本文介绍了4个俱乐部，分别是：急救俱乐部，体育俱乐部，艺术俱乐部，戏剧俱乐部。
26．细节理解题。根据“The first-aid club is the most popular school club.”可知，急救俱乐部是学校里最受欢迎的。
故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据“We meet on Wednesdays at 5 p.m. in Room 201, Building 1.”可知，艺术俱乐部在周三下午
5点见面。故选C。
28．推理判断题。本文介绍了学校内的俱乐部和相应活动，因此可能出现在课外活动的相关网站。故选D。
（八）（2025·山东东营·一模）
Books for Kids
Beauty and the Beast Belle is a young girl. She is not
The Golden Goose A couple kill the goose that lays
afraid of the fierce beast. She wants to save her father, so
golden eggs because they want to get rich fast. But what
she agrees to stay in the beast’s castle (城堡). Will she
happens when they cut the goose open?
succeed?
The Hare and the Tortoise The hare thinks he is the The Emperor’s New Clothes The Emperor believes that
fastest runner in the forest. He wants to race to the only the clever people can see his new clothes. He thinks he
tortoise. He thinks he will win ... but will he? is wearing the most beautiful clothes in the world but when
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he walks out ...
29．Why do the couple kill the goose?
A．Because they want to get rich fast. B．Because they hate the goose.
C．Because they want to eat it. D．Because the goose lays golden eggs.
30．What’s the book Beauty and the Beast about?
A．It’s about a girl who lives with a beast. B．It’s about a hare who races to a tortoise.
C．It’s about an emperor who loves new clothes. D．It’s about a goose that can lay eggs.
31．What do you think of the hare in The Hare and the Tortoise?
A．Smart. B．Brave. C．Proud. D．Stupid.
32．What is the emperor wearing in fact while he is walking out?
A．Beautiful clothes. B．New clothes. C．Ugly clothes. D．Nothing.
33．In which column (栏目) of the newspaper can we find the text?
A．News. B．Education. C．Science. D．Sports.
【参考答案】29．A 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四本适合孩子读的书。
29．细节理解题。根据“A couple kill the goose that lays golden eggs because they want to get rich fast.”可知，因为一
对夫妇想快速变富，所以他们杀了下金蛋的鹅。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据“Belle is a young girl. She is not afraid of the fierce beast. She wants to save her father so she
agrees to stay in the beast’s castle (城堡). ”可知，这本书讲的是一个和野兽住在一起的女孩。故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据“The hare thinks he is the fastest runner in the forest. He wants to race to the tortoise. He thinks
he will win”可知，兔子认为他是森林里跑得最快的人。他想和乌龟赛跑。他认为他会赢。所以，兔子是很骄傲、
自负的。故选C。
32．推理判断题。根据“He thinks he is wearing the most beautiful clothes in the world but when he walks out ...”和常
识可知，皇帝自以为穿了世界上最漂亮的衣服，但实际上他什么也没穿。故选D。
33．推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了四本适合孩子读的书，所以可能在报纸的教育栏目看到。故
选B。
（九）（2025·河南信阳·一模）
Paper cutting clubAre you interested in paper cutting? Robot club Are you a fan of robots?
We are looking for new members who can: We are looking for new members who:
●work well with their hands ●are good at design
●think of creative ideas ●can work as a team
●learn and work patiently ●have interest in science and technology
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Time: 4:30 pm—5:50 pm this Friday Time: 5:00 pm—6:00 pm this Thursday
Place: The teaching building, Room 309 Place: The robot laboratory
Contact us: xiaoyue@happyschool.com Contact us: xiaoma@happyschool.com
Reading clubAre you a book lover?
Painting clubDo you want to learn painting?
For those who want to join the reading club, here are some
We’re looking for new members who are able to:
requirements (要求):
●use brushes skillfully
●read at least one book every two weeks
●come up with new thoughts
●share your thoughts bravely
●look closely at objects
●recommend good books to other members
Time: 4:00 pm—5:00 pm this Friday
Time: 9:00 am—10:00 am this Saturday
Place: The art room
Place: The teaching building, Room 209
Contact us: amy@happyschool.com
Contact us: emma@happyschool.com
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
34．If Karen wants to learn to cut out a paper cat, where should she go?
A．To the art room. B．To the robot laboratory.
C．To the teaching building, Room 309. D．To the teaching building, Room 209.
35．What’s the similar requirement between the paper cutting club and the painting club?
A．The member must be patient enough.
B．The member needs to use brushes skillfully.
C．The member needs to be able to give new ideas.
D．The member must be able to look at things carefully.
36．If you are good at design, which club should you choose?
A．The robot club. B．The reading club.
C．The painting club. D．The paper cutting club.
37．According to the reading club, how many books should you read at least each month?
A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4.
38．Where can we probably read the text?
A．In a local magazine. B．In a city guidebook.
C．On a community website. D．On a school noticeboard.
【参考答案】34．C 35．C 36．A 37．B 38．D
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了四个学校俱乐部的相关信息。
34．细节理解题。根据Paper cutting club中“Place: The teaching building, Room 309”可知，Karen应该去教学楼的
309教室，故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据Paper cutting club中“think of creative ideas”和Painting club中“come up with new thoughts”
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可知，两个社团都要求会员能够提出新想法，故选C。
36．细节理解题。根据Robot club中“are good at design”可知，擅长设计的人应该选择机器人社团，故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据Reading club中“read at least one book every two weeks”可知，一个月 (4周) 至少需要读2
本书，故选B。
38．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了四个学校俱乐部的相关信息，最可能出现在学校的公告栏上，故选D。
（十）（2025·河南濮阳·一模）
Kids’ Talent (才艺) Activities 2025Age: 4 years old to 10 years old only!
From 15. 2. 2025, Saturday to 27. 2. 2025, Thursday
Kids from all over the world can take part in the activity
Registration (注册) is Must—No Registration Fees (注册费用) and Entry Free for all
*Choose the activity according to your child’s talent.
*One activity or more can be chosen.
NO REGISTRATION FEES/ENTRY FREE FOR ANY ACTIVITY
ActivitiesCard Making Competition Age: 5—8 Years Old
Drawing Competition Age: 4—8 Years Old
Story Telling Competition Age: 8—10 Years Old
Singing Competition Age: 6—8 Years Old
Dancing Competition Age: 8—10 Years Old
Gifts &Rules
All the kids who take part in the activities can get a small gift. The following points need to be
achieved.
1. Register first.
2. A 2—3 minutes’ video is needed for each activity.
3. Don’t tell personal information in the video.
4. Activities should be done by the kids only.
** Send the videos to thekids@gmail.com.
** For any help—call 82486272
39．How long does the activity last?
A．For 7 days. B．For 9 days. C．For 11 days. D．For 13 days.
40．What activities can Tina join in if she is seven years old?
a. Story Telling Competition. b. Singing Competition. c. Drawing Competition.
d. Dancing Competition. e. Card Making Competition .
A．bcd B．cde C．bce D．abd
41．Which is necessary for kids to take part in the activity?
A．Paying for registration. B．Posting a 5-minute video.
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C．Completing activities alone. D．Introducing their names in the video.
42．What should you do if you need help according to the text?
A．Post a letter. B．Make a call. C．Visit a website. D．Send an email.
43．Who is the text written for?
A．Kids. B．Teachers. C．Parents. D．Artists.
【参考答案】39．D 40．C 41．C 42．B 43．C
【语篇解读】本文介绍了2025年“儿童才艺活动”的参与条件、活动项目、规则及联系方式等信息。
39．细节理解题。根据“From 15. 2. 2025, Saturday to 27. 2. 2025, Thursday”可知，活动从2月15日持续到2月27
日，共13天。故选D。
40．细节理解题。根据“Card Making Competition Age: 5—8 Years Old”、“Drawing Competition Age: 4—8 Years
Old”及“Singing Competition Age: 6—8 Years Old”可知，7岁可以参加贺卡制作比赛、画画比赛及唱歌比赛。故选
C。
41．细节理解题。根据“Activities should be done by the kids only.”可知，活动需由孩子独立完成。故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据“For any help—call 82486272”可知，如果需要帮助，可以打电话。故选B。
43．推理判断题。根据“Choose the activity according to your child’s talent.”可推知，文章是写给家长的。故选C。
考点二 记叙文
（2024·北京·中考真题）
The school year began. As president of the recycling club, Scott was thinking about new activities to encourage
other students to become more enthusiastic (热心的) about recycling. His club had helped to recycle a lot of waste
for the past five years and he hoped that this year they would do even better.
Scott went home one day and looked online, hoping to find ideas for events the club could organize at
school. During his research, he learned that the amount (数量) of electronic waste, or e-waste, is increasing rapidly.
Scott was upset with himself for not noticing this problem sooner. At that moment, he began to develop a plan.
“There is a special project I want us to work on this term,” Scott announced (宣布) at the recycling club
meeting the next day. “We have all heard about e-waste, but recently I learned about the bad effects it’s having
on our environment.” He went on to tell the club members that he wanted them to organize an e-waste drive—a
day when students and their families could drop off unwanted electronics to be recycled. “Now let’s get to work!”
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For several weeks, the recycling club was busy preparing for the upcoming e-waste drive, or e-drive as it
was soon called.
The big day finally arrived, and Scott was nervous. He and the other members arrived at school early to make
sure that everything would go smoothly. Everyone waited eagerly, hoping that students of the school would take
part in the event.
It wasn’t long before the first cars pulled into the school parking lot. After a while, more people arrived.
Phones, TV sets, computers and keyboards soon began piling up (堆积) .
At the end of the event, Scott heard someone suggest that the school should have an e-drive event every
term. Scott smiled, realizing that a simple action could truly have a lasting influence.
1．What did Scott learn during his research online?
A．Students are enthusiastic about recycling. B．There is a lot of waste recycled every year.
C．The amount of e-waste is increasing rapidly. D．There are many recycling clubs in the country.
2．How did Scott feel at first on that big day?
A．Proud. B．Upset. C．Excited. D．Nervous.
3．What did Scott realize at the end of the e-drive event?
A．Environmental problems could be solved. B．A simple action could bring a long- term effect.
C．Teamwork is valuable for the success of events. D．Family members are interested in school activities.
【参考答案】1．C 2．D 3．B
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了Scott制定电子产品回收计划的执行过程以及它所产生的积极作用。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“During his research, he learned that the amount (数量) of electronic waste,
or e-waste, is increasing rapidly.”可知，Scott了解到电子垃圾的数量正在迅速增加。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“The big day finally arrived, and Scott was nervous.”可知，在重要的日子到
来时，Scott很紧张。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Scott smiled, realizing that a simple action could truly have a lasting
influence.”可知，Scott意识到一个简单的举动可以产生持久的影响。故选B。
命题特点
人物故事类的阅读理解是中考英语的常考材料之一。这类文章一般可分为人物传记和短篇故事两类。
1.人物传记主要涉及某人的生平事迹、趣闻铁事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，其特点是以
时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，脉络清楚，可读性较强。
2.短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生发展或结局，有人物、时
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间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推
测等方面着手，考查考生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。
解题技巧
1. 要快速浏览全文，圈出重要的连接词（如and，but等），掌握主旨和大意，特别注意文章的主题句里出作
者的写作思路。
2. 要尽快浏览短文后的思考题，尽量带着题目中的问题再读文章。
3. 完成事实细节题要先划出题干中的主谓宾，然后利用这些词去文中找到定位句。
4. 要把有关于who，what，where，how，why等方面内容圈出来，
5. 遇到推理判断题时，要注意作者态度和命题人的意图，尤其注意关系连接词和符号变化，不要凭个人直觉
胡乱猜测。
解题策略：
1. 猜词题。
（1）根据生活常识猜测词义。
（2）根据上下文、前后句的意思来猜测词义
（3）根据转折、因果关系猜测词义。
（4）通过同义词、反义词及或并列词的关系猜测词义。
（5）通过构词法猜词（否定前缀：un-in-dis-im；-名词后缀：-ment，er, or, ress, ist等等）。
（6）通过前后给出的定义句或解释句来推测词义。
2. 细节理解题。
（1）首先浏览也把你题目看清题目要求理解什么细节，还是那句话，画题干关键词。
（2）然后有选择性的在文中找出相应的段落，句子或短语。
（3）认真分析比对，选出正确答案。注意同词复现、同句复现等。
3. 主旨题
无论是在段落中还是文章中是明显还是隐蔽，主旨的提出主要有四种情况，
（1）首段或首句开门见山提出核心问题。
（2）文章中间段或段落中间句给出中心，
（3）段落末句或文章末段对全段或全文进行总结概括，得出段落主题句或文章主旨句。
（4）文章或段落中不明确给出中心，考生要根据各段中心或各句的内容进行总结，自己推出的主旨。
（5）文章出现频率极高的词，很有可能与主旨或标题关键词相关；选主旨句或标题时，过于绝对、过于片面、
过于宽泛的不选。
4.判断题
（1）注意是选择错误的还是正确的选项；
（2）划出选项中的主谓宾、连词等关键词，回到文中仔细比对。
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5. 推理题
（1）判断原则：注意包含infer， imply，conclusion，conclude，summary等词的题目多为推理题。
（2）通读全文，尤其是首尾段，迅速把握主旨；
（3）通读选项，每个选项都要勾画关键词，做到能理解选项的大致意思即可；
（4）迅速找到选项所在的段落，重点关注段落中心句和逻辑关系，推理题的答案一般是对文章或段落中心句的
同义替换；
（5）命题方式：一般是正话反说，反话正说，无中生有，关键词替换，张冠李戴等。
（一）
（2025·吉林·一模）In the Warring States Period, there were many shining names in the river of history. Lian Po
and Lin Xiangru were among them. Both of them were generals of the State of Zhao. They both did a lot of good things
for their country. Lian Po was good at fighting against enemies in the war while Lin Xiangru was strong in giving wise
suggestions to the king.
One day, Lin Xiangru took a lot of trouble to get a valuable jade (璧) back for the king. Then the king highly praised
him. Lian Po felt unhappy and said, “I’ll make Lin Xiangru feel ashamed and foolish the next time I meet him.”Lin Xiangru
heard of this from others. In order not to cause trouble, he tried his best to avoid meeting Lian Po. Because Lin Xiangru
put the benefit of the country first, he thought that any trouble between him and Lian Po would be used by the enemy of
their country. So he kept silent.
Later when Lian Po realized his mistake, he was so ashamed (羞愧的) that he went to Lin Xiangru’s home carrying
brambles (荆条) on his back and asked for punishment. Lin Xiangru welcomed him warmly and considered him as his best
friend.
1．Lian Po and Lin Xiangru were both ________ .
A．kings B．soldiers C．generals D．enemies
2．After hearing what Lian Po said from others, Lin Xiangru ________.
A．said sorry to Lian Po B．told the king C．kept silent D．visited Lian Po
3．According to the passage, it is TRUE that ________.
A．the king preferred Lian Po to Lin XiangruB．Lian Po didn’t realize his mistake at last
C．Lian Po got a valuable jade back for the king D．Lin Xiangru put benefit of the country first
4．Which picture best describes the story?
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A． B．
C． D．
5．Which words can best describe Lin Xiangru from the passage?
A．Wise and generous (慷慨的). B．Friendly and kind.
C．Humorous and helpful. D．Outgoing and hard-working.
【参考答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了战国时期的廉颇负荆请罪的故事。
1． 细节理解题。根据“Lian Po and Lin Xiangru were among them. Both of them were generals of the State of Zhao”
可知，他们都是赵国的将军。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“So he kept silent.”可知，蔺相如保持了沉默。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“Because Lin Xiangru put benefit of the country first”可知，蔺相如将国家利益放在第一位。
故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“Later when Lian Po realized his mistake, he was so ashamed that he went to Lin Xiangru’s home
carrying brambles on his back and asked for punishment.”可知，廉颇意识到了自己的错误，羞愧难当，背着荆棘到
蔺相如家里要求惩罚，B项符合。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据“Because Lin Xiangru put benefit of the country first, he thought that any trouble between him
and Lian Po would be used by the enemy of their country.”可知，蔺相如把国家利益放在第一位，他认为他和廉颇
之间的任何麻烦都会被他们国家的敌人利用，所以他保持沉默，说明他很明智；根据“Lin Xiangru welcomed him
warmly and considered him as his best friend.”可知，廉颇负荆请罪，蔺相如热情欢迎了他，并把他视为自己最好
的朋友，说明蔺相如宽宏大量。故选A。
（二）
（2025·安徽合肥·一模）Across the world, 1.3 billion single-use plastic water bottles are bought daily. However,
with only around 9% of plastic being recycled, most of these bottles wind up in landfills (垃圾场) or the sea.
When Madison, a 12-year-old girl, noticed these plastic bottles during her family’s holidays to California, she was
deeply troubled. “I just felt like this situation had to change,” she said to Smithsonian Magazine. The sight of plastic waste
on the beautiful beach remained in her mind.
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In 2021, the idea of creating an eatable water bottle to combat plastic pollution appeared. She named her invention
the Eco-Hero.
To bring her idea to life, Madison did some research. She built on old methods, doing many experiments with
common food. Through her efforts, she found that a combination of water, lemon juice, and Alginic acid (褐藻酸) formed a
new kind of bottle. This bottle could safely hold up to 3/4 cup of water and remain in good condition in the fridge for three
weeks.
Madison believed the Eco-Hero could replace paper cups used by runners in races. After drinking the water with the
bottles, runners could either eat or throw them away, as these bottles would break down easily in nature.
Madison hopes that the Eco-Hero will encourage others to take action to protect the planet. “It doesn’t have to be in
a big way,” she said. “Common people can still make a difference in the world, even if it’s just in a small way.”
6．Why does the writer show numbers in Paragraph 1?
A．To show the importance of landfills. B．To present the plastic waste problem.
C．To tell students to recycle more bottles. D．To ask readers to use fewer plastic bottles.
7．What does the underlined word “combat” probably mean?
A．Work with. B．Look after. C．Laugh at. D．Fight against.
8．What can we learn about the Eco-Hero?
A．It can be eaten by the users. B．It is made from some used bottles.
C．It can keep water in low temperature. D．It is an improvement in size and colors.
9．What can be the best title (标题) for the text?
A．A good beginning is half done B．Small people make big moves
C．Where there is a will, there is a way D．God helps those who help themselves
【参考答案】6．B 7．D 8．A 9．B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了12岁女孩Madison发明可食用水瓶Eco-Hero以应对塑料污染
的故事。
6．细节理解题。根据“Across the world, 1.3 billion single-use plastic water bottles are bought daily…most of these
bottles wind up in landfills (垃圾场) or the sea.”可知，作者通过数据展示塑料垃圾问题的严重性。故选B。
7．词句猜测题。根据“In 2021, the idea of creating an eatable water bottle to combat plastic pollution appeared.”及上
下文语境可知，发明可食用水瓶是为了应对塑料污染，所以划线部分的含义是“与……作斗争”。故选D。
8．细节理解题。根据“After drinking the water with the bottles, runners could either eat or throw them away”可知，
Eco-Hero可被食用。故选A。
9．最佳标题题。根据“Common people can still make a difference in the world, even if it’s just in a small way.”并通读
全文可知，全文围绕Madison的小发明对环保产生的大意义及影响展开，B项符合。故选B。
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（三）
（2025·河南周口·一模）“Wake up, my boy,” Dad said to me lovingly. I opened my eyes with a sweet smile. Dad
hugged me and asked what I wanted for breakfast.
“I want pancakes,” I shouted and got up.
“Pancakes? That’s a big job for just one dad to take on,” he said. “I need your help.”
I sat quietly for a while. I had burned myself on the stove (炉子) before, and I felt nervous. But Dad took my hand,
and we went downstairs together.
In the kitchen, Dad took out flour (面粉), sugar, and oil. I took out milk and eggs from the fridge, but one egg fell
on the floor and broke.
“No worries,” Dad said, giving me a cloth to clean up the mess.
We then mixed everything, and Dad poured the batter (倒面糊) into the pan (平底锅). Little bubbles (气泡) began
to pop in the middle, which meant it was time to turn over the pancake.
“Ready to turn it over, Leo?”
“Dad! No! That’s the scariest part! I got burned the last time I touched a pan!”
“Well, you won’t ever get over your fear if you don’t try again, will you? And this is the part of the pancake-making
process where I need the most help.”
Dad handed me a spatula (铲). I stared at my breakfast, about to burn if I didn’t act fast.
I held my breath and turned over the pancake. It landed perfectly!
“You did it!” Dad said, giving me a high five. I nodded, feeling proud. I knew cooking could be so fun. And I learnt
that even though things can be difficult sometimes, it’s great to be brave and try!
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
10．Why did Leo sit quietly for a while before going to the kitchen with his dad?
A．He was sleepy. B．He didn’t like pancakes.
C．He didn’t know how to cook. D．He was afraid of getting burned again.
11．What do we know about Leo’s dad?
A．He never believed Leo. B．He was good at cooking.
C．He was loving and patient. D．He seldom stayed with Leo.
12．What did Leo’s dad encourage him to do?
A．To make the batter. B．To cut the pancake.
C．To turn over the pancake. D．To pour the batter into the pan.
13．How did Leo’s feelings change?
A．Happy→Nervous→Scared→Proud. B．Nervous→Scared→Happy→Proud.
C．Happy→Proud→Nervous→Scared. D．Nervous→Happy→Proud→Scared.
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14．What is the main message of the story?
A．Cooking is easy and fun. B．Asking for help is necessary.
C．Be brave and try even when it’s hard. D．Develop a good habit of doing housework.
【参考答案】10．D 11．C 12．C 13．A 14．C
【语篇解读】本文讲述了Leo在爸爸的鼓励下克服恐惧、尝试煎饼翻面的故事，展现了父子间的温情与成长。
10．细节理解题。根据第4段“I had burned myself on the stove (炉子) before, and I felt nervous.”可知，Leo因为之
前被炉子烫伤而感到害怕。故选D。
11．推理判断题。全文通过爸爸的语言和行动（如“No worries”、“You did it!”、“giving me a high five”）体现他
的耐心和关爱。故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据“Dad handed me a spatula (铲). I stared at my breakfast, about to burn if I didn’t act fast. I held
my breath and turned over the pancake. It landed perfectly!”可知，爸爸鼓励Leo翻煎饼。故选C。
13．细节理解题。Leo的情绪变化：醒来时“sweet smile”（快乐）→回忆烫伤时“nervous”（紧张）→翻煎饼前
“scariest part”（害怕）→成功后“proud”。故选A。
14．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I learnt that… it’s great to be brave and try”可知，故事核心是鼓励勇敢尝试。故
选C。
（四）
（2025·江苏扬州·一模）At the age of 19, I graduated from high school and moved to a place where it snowed
often. I felt free, independent and completely in control of my life there until I knew I had bacterial meningitis (细菌性
脑膜炎).
When my parents wheeled me out of the hospital, I felt like I had been pieced back together like a doll with my
“new legs”. They hurt so badly that all I could think was what I could do with these things. Tears streamed down my face, I
was completely emotionally (情绪上) broken.
But I knew I had to let go of the old Amy and learn to welcome the new Amy. Four months later I was back up; on
a snowboard, although things didn’t go quite as expected: My legs went flying down the mountain, and I was on top of the
mountain still. I was so discouraged. But I knew that if I could find the right pair of legs, I would be able to do this again.
And this is when I learned that difficulties we met would bring two kinds of results: stop us on the road or push us to get
creative.
I did a year of research, but still couldn’t find out what kind of legs to use, so I decided to make a pair for myself. It
was these legs and the best 21st birthday gift I could ever receive—a new kidney (肾) from my dad—that allowed me to
follow my dreams again. I started snowboarding, then I went back to work.
In 2005, I founded an organization for youth and young adults with physical disabilities so they could join in sports.
From there, I had the opportunity to go to South Africa, where I helped to put shoes on thousands of children’s feet so they
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could attend school. With my effort, I got three World Cup gold medals which made me the highest ranked female
snowboarder in the world.
Twenty-six years ago when I lost my legs, I had no idea what to expect. But my legs haven’t disabled me. They’ve
forced me to depend on my imagination and to believe in the possibilities, because in my mind, we can do anything and
we can be anything!
15．How did the writer feel when she left the hospital?
A．Surprised. B．Relaxed. C．Hopeless. D．Angry.
16．What does the underlined word “discouraged” in the passage probably mean?
A．Excited. B．Upset. C．Confident. D．Surprised.
17．Which of the following is in the correct order according to the passage?
a. Amy tried to snowboard but failed.
b. Amy found she got a serious illness.
c. Amy helped some disabled children.
d. Amy created a pair of new legs herself.
A．a-b-d-c. B．a-d-b-c. C．b-d-c-a. D．b-a-d-c.
18．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．Being the Best Snowboarder. B．Growing Stronger after Hard Times.
C．Keeping Healthy for Better Life. D．Following and Achieving Great Dreams.
【参考答案】15．C 16．B 17．D 18．B
【语篇解读】本文讲述了19岁的“我”奔赴新城市后突患细菌性脑膜炎，失去双腿，经历消沉后，靠自制义肢重
新逐梦，并成立组织帮助他人，实现自我成长的励志故事。
15．细节理解题。根据“When my parents wheeled me out of the hospital, I felt like I had been pieced back together
like a doll with my ‘new legs’. They hurt so badly that all I could think was what I could do with these things. Tears
streamed down my face, I was completely emotionally (情绪上) broken.”可知，作者离开医院时情绪崩溃，觉得很绝
望。故选C。
16．词句猜测题。根据“Four months later I was back up; on a snowboard, although things didn’t go quite as expected:
My legs went flying down the mountain, and I was on top of the mountain still. I was so discouraged.”可知，作者尝试
滑雪板但是失败了，所以她应该是沮丧的。故选B。
17．细节理解题。文章第一段提到作者得了细菌性脑膜炎，即“b. Amy found she got a serious illness.”；第三段提
到四个月后她尝试滑雪板但是失败了，即“a. Amy tried to snowboard but failed.”；第四段提到她做了一年研究后
决定自己做一双腿，即“d. Amy created a pair of new legs herself.”；第五段提到她成立了一个为残疾青年的组织，
还去了南非帮助孩子们，即“c. Amy helped some disabled children.”。所以正确顺序是b-a-d-c。故选D。
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18．最佳标题题。通读文章可知，文章主要讲述了作者在经历重病失去双腿的困难后，没有放弃，通过自己的
努力重新站了起来，还帮助了其他人并且取得了成就，变得更强大。“Growing Stronger after Hard Times”更符合
文章主旨。故选B。
（五）
（2025·四川内江·一模）Li Ziqi is back! After a break of more than three years, one of China’s most popular
influencers (网红) finally returned on November 12, 2024.
Li came back with two new videos. One tells how she changed a shed (棚子) into a cloakroom (衣帽间) , and the
other shows how she used the intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) of Chinese lacquerware techniques (漆器
工艺) to make wardrobe (衣橱) doors. These videos quickly went viral on social media. By November 22, her lacquerware
video had 140 million views on Sina Weibo.
Fans from around the world showed their excitement for her return. “I’ve missed you and your grandma. So glad
you came back, so happy,” wrote one fan on YouTube.
“I went to more than 20 provinces and visited over 100 intangible cultural heritage inheritors (继承人),” Li told
Xinhua about the past three years. She talked with them, studied their skills and learned the stories behind their work.
Now, she wants to share their stories with the world through her videos.
Although many vloggers (视频博主) have tried to copy Li’s style during her absence, none have reached her level
of popularity. Why do people still like her so much even though she was away for over three years?
One key reason is that her video quality is very high. Her video not only shows the production process of traditional
Chinese cuisine (菜肴) and handicrafts (手工艺品), but also shows the wisdom of nature and history. She will spend
several months making a video. Her pursuit of perfection is difficult for many video bloggers to copy.
The other reason is that many of them want to live a simple and slow life. Li’s videos are healing in today’s noisy
and fast-paced world. This desire is timeless, just like people’s love for Henry David Thoreau’s book Walden (《瓦尔
登湖》) , which also talks about living simply in nature.
19．How did Li Ziqi return after a break of over three years?
A．By posting two new videos online. B．By working together with other influencers.
C．By showing her wardrobe with different clothing. D．By teaching people how to make a cloakroom.
20．What did Li do during the last three years?
A．She made videos about different inheritors. B．She learned Chinese traditional skills.
C．She shared her own stories with many people.D．She visited more than 20 countries.
21．Why do so many people like Li Ziqi according to the text?
A．Because she teaches them many useful skills. B．Because she makes them think of Walden.
C．Because she is beautiful and hard-working. D．Because they like her slow and simple life and perfect videos.
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22．According to the text, what do Li Ziqi’s videos mean to her viewers?
A．A longing for a simpler life. B．A love for Chinese handicrafts.
C．An escape from modern technology. D．A fascination with Chinese history.
【参考答案】19．A 20．B 21．D 22．A
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了中国知名网红李子柒在消失三年后带着两个新视频回归的情况，以及她受欢迎的
原因。
19．细节理解题。根据“Li came back with two new videos.”可知，在休息了三年多之后，李子柒是在网上发布两
个新视频回归的。故选A。
20．细节理解题。根据“Li told Xinhua about the past three years. She talked with them, studied their skills and
learned the stories behind their work.”可知，在过去的三年里，李子柒学习了中国的传统技艺。故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据“One key reason is that her video quality is very high.…The other reason is that many of them
want to live a simple and slow life.”可知，很多人喜欢李子柒是因为他们喜欢她简单的生活和完美的视频。故选
D。
22．推理判断题。根据“Li’s videos are healing in today’s noisy and fast-paced world. This desire is timeless, just like
people’s love for Henry David Thoreau’s book Walden (《瓦尔登湖》 ) , which also talks about living simply in
nature.”可知，李子柒的视频对观众来说意味着对更简单生活的渴望。故选A。
（六）
（2025·吉林长春·一模）Many years ago, it took a very long time to send someone a message. Today, we have the
Internet. We can send someone on the other side of the world a message by using email instantly. However, one message
that arrived earlier this week was not so fast.
A letter was mailed from the English city of Bath in 1916. It then got lost in the post. It was finally delivered (投
递) 107 years later to an address in London. The Royal Mail Postal Service in the UK said it was “uncertain what
happened”.
An officer from the postal service said she was excited that the letter finally arrived, but had no idea why it was
more than a century late. She said it may have fallen behind the TV set.
Before the Internet, people wrote letters on paper. They then put these letters in an envelope (信封). The sender then
bought a stamp from a post office and stuck it on the envelope. They then put it in a mail box in the street. A postal worker
would collect the envelope and the letter would begin its journey. It usually took a few days to reach its destination (目的
地), if the address was in the same country. It could take weeks if the address was in a foreign country, like Singapore. It
traveled on a ship and was called “sea mail”. Later, airplanes transported mail and we used “air mail”.
However, there was a problem with the letter that arrived 107 years late. The person to whom it was addressed was
no longer living. He passed away in 1951.
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根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
23．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “instantly” in Paragraph 1?
A．Right away. B．By mistake. C．In person. D．Over and over again.
24．Where was the letter delivered?
A．To Bath. B．To London. C．To New York. D．To Singapore.
25．How did a postal officer feel when the letter finally arrived?
A．Sorry. B．Uncertain. C．Happy. D．Angry.
26．Which is the right order of the following things before the Internet?
① The sender put a letter in an envelope. ② The postal worker collected the letters.
③ The sender put the letter in the mail box. ④ The sender bought a stamp from a post office.
A．①④③② B．④①③② C．③①②④ D．②③①④
27．Which can be the best title of the passage?
A．The History of Delivery B．An Important Message
C．From Sea Mail to Air Mail D．A Letter Arrives More Than 100 Years Late
【参考答案】23．A 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．D
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了一封107年前寄出的信，最终被送达的事情。
23．词句猜测题。根据第一段“However, one message that arrived earlier this week was not so fast.” 可知，此处表
示转折，所以前面应是说明信息传递的速度很快，所以此处应为“立即”的意思。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“It was finally delivered (投递) 107 years later to an address in London.”可知，107年
后，这封信被送到了伦敦。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段“An officer from the postal service said she was excited that the letter finally arrived”可
知，邮局的人很开心。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“They then put these letters in an envelope (信封).”，可知①应排在最前面；根
据第四段第三句“The sender then bought a stamp from a post office and stuck it on the envelope.”，可知④应排在第
二位；根据第四段第四句“They then put it in a mail box in the street.”，可知③应排在第三位；根据第四段第五句
“A postal worker would collect the envelope”，可知②应排在最后。故选A。
27．最佳标题题。根据第二段“A letter was mailed from the English city of Bath in 1916. It then got lost in the post.”
可知，本文主要讲述了一封107年前寄出的信，最终被送达的事情。故选D。
（七）
（2025·辽宁丹东·一模）On July 30, 2024, the table tennis mixed doubles final of the Paris Olympics was held
with great excitement. Wang Chuqin and Sun Yingsha, known as the “Shatou” pair, faced the dark horse pair from North
Korea, Lee Jeong-sik and Kim Geum-yeong.
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At the beginning of the game, the North Korean pair showed strong power. Lee Jeong-sik’s forehand attack was
sharp and tricky. Kim Geum-yeong’s backhand long pimples rubber style was unique (独特的), and the rhythm and spin
of her returns posed challenges to the “Shatou” pair. But the “Shatou” pair remained calm. Wang Chuqin’s backhand (反
手击球) was very powerful, and SunYingsha’s advantages in the first three stokes were obvious.
The scores of both sides rose alternately (交替). At the critical moment, the “Shatou” pair, with a tacit
understanding (默 契) through long-term training, solid technical skills and strong psychological (心理的) quality, tried
their best to play and fight. Finally, with the scores of 11-6,7-11,11-8,11-5,7-11,11-8, they won 4:2 and won the gold
medal.
This victory was not easy. They also won honor for the Chinese table tennis team at the Olympics. Their excellent
performance makes Chinese people proud. It is believed that they will create more achievements in the future.
28．What was unique about Kim Geum-yeong’s playing style?
A．Her forehand attack. B．Her backhand long pimples rubber style.
C．Her powerful serves. D．Her fast footwork.
29．What is the proper meaning of the underlined word “obvious” in Paragraph 2?
A．Clear. B．Poor. C．Powerful. D．Special.
30．What was the final score of the game?
A．3:2. B．4:1. C．4:2. D．5:1.
31．What did the “Shatou” pair’s performance make the Chinese people feel?
A．Sad. B．Angry. C．Proud. D．Worried.
【参考答案】28．B 29．A 30．C 31．C
【语篇解读】本文介绍了2024年巴黎奥运会乒乓球混双决赛的精彩对决。中国组合王楚钦和孙颖莎（“莎头”组
合）对阵朝鲜黑马组合李正植和金琴英，最终以4:2的比分获胜，夺得金牌。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段“Kim Geum-yeong’s backhand long pimples rubber style was unique”可知，她的独特
风格是反手长胶打法。故选B。
29．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Sun Yingsha’s advantages in the first three stokes were obvious”并结合上下文可知，
文中指出孙颖莎前三板技术优势显著。所以此处“obvious”意为“明显的”。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据第三段“scores of 11-6, 7-11, 11-8, 11-5, 7-11, 11-8, they won 4:2”可知，比赛的最终比分为
4:2。故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Their excellent performance makes Chinese people proud”可知，文中明确说明中
国观众感到自豪。故选C。
（八）
（2025·广东深圳·一模）Scrooge ate his dinner alone in a nearby inn and then went to his home. This was a dark
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room above some offices. Even the entrance was dark, Scrooge knew his way in the fog without a light. On the door of the
building, there was a large metal door knocker. To Scrooge’s surprise, it now looked like Marley’s face. It had never looked
like this before, and Scrooge had not even thought about Marley since the man had died. Scrooge looked at the door
knocker for several moments, and then it changed back to being an ordinary door knocker again. Scrooge told himself that
what he had seen had been his imagination. He closed the door and then he went up to his room where he lit a candle. His
voice seemed to echo throughout the building. Then another strange thing happened as he climbed the wide stairs. In front
of him, he thought he saw a hearse (灵车). He could not be sure, though, because the light from his candle was not very
strong. Scrooge was not worried about darkness. He liked it because it was cheap.
Before going to bed, he looked up at an old bell that hung from the ceiling. It was a bell that at one time had been
used to send for a servant, but it had not been used for many years. Now, suddenly, it began to move and a few moments
later it began to ring. Scrooge was now afraid. He became even more afraid when a few minutes later he heard a loud noise
coming from the rooms beneath the building. These were rooms where a wine merchant keeps all his wines.
—Taken from A Christmas Carol
32．What was different about Scrooge’s door knocker?
A．It looked like Marley’s face. B．It’ was full of magic.
C．There was a round face on it. D．It was decorated with vine.
33．What does the underlined word “echo” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．encourage B．end C．express D．resound
34．Why did Scrooge enjoy darkness?
A．Because he liked to scare people. B．Because it didn’t cost much money.
C．Because he didn’t like to be seen. D．Because he liked to use his imagination.
35．According to Paragraph 2, what scared Scrooge?
A．His servant was gone. B．The fire was out of control.
C．A bell started ringing by itself. D．A candle went out and it was dark.
36．How did Scrooge’s feelings change according to the passage?
A．Relaxed — Calm — Worried B．Relaxed — Surprised — Crazy
C．Surprised — Uncertain — Scared D．Surprised — Confused — Confident
【参考答案】32．A 33．D 34．B 35．C 36．C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Scrooge在晚上遇到的一些奇怪的事。
32．细节理解题。根据“To Scrooge’s surprise, it now looked like Marley’s face. It had never looked like this before,
and Scrooge had not even thought about Marley since the man had died.”可知，Scrooge的“门环”看起来像Marley的
脸。故选A。
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33．词义猜测题。根据“His voice seemed to echo throughout the building.”可知，此处表示他的声音似乎在整个建
筑物中回荡。“echo”的意思是“回响”。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据“Scrooge was not worried about darkness. He liked it because it was cheap.”可知Scrooge喜欢
黑暗，因为不花很多钱。故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据“It was a bell that at one time had been used to send for a servant, but it had not been used for
many years. Now, suddenly, it began to move and a few moments later it began to ring. Scrooge was now afraid.”可知，
钟开始自动敲响了，吓到了Scrooge。故选C。
36．推理判断题。根据“To Scrooge’s surprise ... He could not be sure ... He became even more afraid”可知，Scrooge
刚开始是惊讶的，然后变得不确定，最后是害怕的。故选C。
（九）
（2025·河北石家庄·一模）Sarah and her best friend, Alex, loved exploring the forest near their neighborhood.
One day, while they were exploring through the woods, Sarah found a shiny rock under the leaves, Excitedly, she said to
Alex, “Look at what I found! It looks like a valuable diamond (钻石). Promise not to tell anyone! It’s just a secret between
you and me.” Alex agreed to keep the secret.
On their way home, Sarah and. Alex met their classmate, Emily. Alex couldn’t hold back his excitement and told
Emily about the “treasure”. Emily wanted to see it, but Sarah refused. She reminded Alex of their promise. However,
Emily’s younger brother, Jack, happened to hear their conversation and spread the news to everyone in the
neighborhood.
Soon, neighbors began to visit Sarah’s house, hoping to see the “treasure”. They knocked on the door one by one.
Sarah didn’t know what to do. Her mom came out to see what was happening. She told the neighbors that the rock was not
as special as they thought. It was just a common quartz (石英). The neighbors were understanding and soon left with smiles
on their faces.
After Alex knew it, he said to Sarah, “________.” Sarah smiled and said, “It’s OK, Alex. Everyone makes mistakes.
We should always keep our promises in the future.”
37．Who told Sarah’s neighbors about the shiny rock?
A．Sarah. B．Alex. C．Emily. D．Jack.
38．Why did Sarah’s neighbors visit her house?
A．Because they wanted to play with Sarah.
B．Because they felt like buying Sarah’s rock.
C．Because they hoped to see what the diamond looked like.
D．Because Sarah’s. mom invited them to have a party.
39．What might Alex say to Sarah in the last paragraph?
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A．I want to take the rock to school. B．I am sorry for breaking the promise,
C．I will sell the rock at a high price. D．I can’t believe the rock is common.
【参考答案】37．D 38．C 39．B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，通过萨拉和亚历克斯之间的故事，来告诉我们一个道理：秘密不应该被分享
给每个人，应该被保守在好朋友之间。
37．细节理解题。根据“However, Emily’s younger brother, Jack, happened to hear their conversation and spread the
news to everyone in the neighborhood.”可知，是艾米丽的弟弟杰克偷听到了消息，然后告诉了邻居们。故选D。
38．推理判断题。根据“ ‘Look at what I found! It looks like a valuable diamond (钻石). Promise not to tell anyone!
It’s just a secret between you and me.’ ... Soon, neighbors began to visit Sarah’s house, hoping to see the “treasure”. ”可
知，邻居们是希望看钻石是什么样的。故选C。
39．推理判断题。根据“Alex met their classmate, Emily. Alex couldn’t hold back his excitement and told Emily about
the “treasure”. Emily wanted to see it, but Sarah refused. She reminded Alex of their promise. However, Emily’s younger
brother, Jack, happened to hear their conversation and spread the news to everyone in the neighborhood. Soon, neighbors
began to visit Sarah’s house, hoping to see the “treasure”.”可知，是亚历克斯没有恪守保密的承诺，所以他会向萨拉
道歉。故选B。
（十）
（2025·江苏盐城·一模）Why is the sea salt? Long before we discovered scientific ways of thinking about it, we
explained it in a story. Even though the answer isn’t scientific, it holds some other truth in it-especially about the human
heart.
Long ago, a poor old couple lived on the coast. One day, an old storyteller came to their village. The old couple gave
him a meal. In return, he gave them a coffee mill (磨粉机) and said, “Say ‘Mill, please grind (磨粉)’, and it’ll make
whatever you want, to stop it, say ‘Mill, please cease (停止) grinding’. ”
Soon the old couple had a much better life. They’d been happy people, and they didn’t need much more. But the
young couple next door were never satisfied. When they saw the old couple wearing good clothes and buying good food,
they burnt with envy. So one day, the young husband went to the old couple’s house secretly and heard, “Mill, please grind
hot chocolate!” He was surprised to see it coming out.
Then the young couple stole the mill from the old couple. With it they rode a horse and set off down the coast, where
no one would know them. Along the way, the husband showed proudly and asked, “What do you want it to make?” “Oh,
I don’t know, Why not salt?” the wife said. “Mill, please grind salt!” he said. “It works!” the wife shouted. But then they
noticed the salt went everywhere. “Make it stop,” the wife said. But the husband didn’t know how. “Mill, please stop
grinding! Please, no more!” His words didn’t work. The mill kept grinding. Finally, the young husband threw the mill into
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the sea as far as he could.
And there it’s been, for hundreds of years, endlessly grinding salt. That’s why the sea is salt.
40．The passage is probably a(n) ________.
A．folk story B．instruction C．science fiction D．science report
41．Put the things happened to the mill in correct order.
A．It began to produce salt. B．The young husband threw it.
C． The young couple stole it. D．The old couple got it
A．b—d—a—c B．b—a—d—c C．d—a—c—b D．d—c—a—b
42．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．The coffee. B．The horse. C．The mill. D．The chocolate.
【参考答案】40．A 41．D 42．C
【语篇解读】本文讲述了一个民间故事，解释海水为什么是咸的。
40．推理判断题。根据“he gave them a coffee mill (磨粉机) and said, ‘Say ‘Mill, please grind (磨粉)’, and it’ll make
whatever you want, to stop it, say ‘Mill, please cease (停止) grinding’. ’”可知，本文讲述了神奇的咖啡磨粉机的故事，
应为民间故事。故选A。
41．细节理解题。根据“In return, he gave them a coffee mill (磨粉机) and said,”“Then the young couple stole the mill
from the old couple.”“‘Mill, please grind salt!’ he said. ‘It works!’”及“the young husband threw the mill into the sea as
far as he could.”可知，正确顺序为：老夫妇得到了咖啡磨粉机，年轻夫妇偷走了它，开始产盐，年轻人的丈夫扔
了它。故选D。
42．词句猜测题。根据“‘Mill, please grind salt!’ he said. ‘It works!’ the wife shouted. But then they noticed the salt
went everywhere.”可知，咖啡磨粉机磨的到处都是盐，妻子是让磨粉机停止磨盐，故推出it指代“the mill”。故选
C。
考点三 说明文
（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）①China published the world’s first highly clear lunar geologic (地质的) atlas
(地图集) on April 21. According to the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), it will provide up-to-date information
for future lunar research and exploration.
②“These maps will help choose locations for future lunar research stations,” Ouyang Ziyuan, a well-known
lunar scientist, said. “They can also help us better know about the Earth and other planets in the solar system, like
Mars.”
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③The world has seen great progress in the field of lunar science over the past half a century. However, the
lunar geologic atlas that was developed during the Apollo Program remained unchanged. “As lunar geologic
studies develop, those old maps can no longer satisfy future needs,” said Liu Jianzhong, a CAS researcher.
④Since 2012, Ouyang and Liu have led a team of scientists from several research centers in compiling (编
制) this atlas. Their work was mainly built on information gained from China’s Chang’e Program. Information from
other research projects and international tasks was also used.
⑤The new geologic atlas, which is published in both Chinese and English, presents a scale (比例尺) of 1: 2.5
million. Compared with the 1:5 million scale lunar maps from the US in 2020, these larger scale maps show more
details. As well as the geologic history of the moon, they provide information on its 14 types of structures (结构)
and 17 types of rocks. A total of 12,341 impact craters (撞击坑) and 81 impact basins have also been marked.
⑥This atlas is set to serve many useful purposes, such as lunar resources research and science education.
Liu said the upcoming Chang’e-6 task would also use the atlas. “Our maps can help the research by providing
scientific support,” he explained.
⑦“Compiling the atlas was a huge task, which included years of effort from a large number of researchers,”
said Gregory Michael, a German scientist. “It will be a starting point for every new question of lunar geology.”
1．What is the great value of the new atlas?
A．It is the first lunar geologic atlas in the world. B．It proves the hard work of Chinese scientists.
C．It will meet the future needs in lunar studies. D．It is built on information from many researches.
2．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?
A．The large size and mystery of the moon. B．The discovery of Chang’e Program.
C．The details of the new geologic atlas. D．The challenges the scientists face.
3．How does the writer prove “This atlas is set to serve many useful purposes”?
A．By comparing different purposes. B．By using Chang’e-6 task as an example.
C．By using a German scientist’s words. D．By listing information from the new maps.
4．What does “It” in the last paragraph refer to(指代)?
A．Scientific support. B．The lunar research. C．Effort from researchers. D．Compiling the atlas.
【参考答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了中国发布的世界上首个高清晰度月球地质图集及其重要性。
1． 推理判断题。根据“However, the lunar geologic atlas that was developed during the Apollo Program
remained unchanged. ‘As lunar geologic studies develop, those old maps can no longer satisfy future needs,’”可
知，旧的月球地质图集已经不能满足未来的需求，而新的图集将满足未来月球研究的需求。故选C。
2．主旨大意题。根据“Compared with the 1:5 million scale lunar maps from the US in 2020…impact craters (撞击
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坑) and 81 impact basins have also been marked”可知，第五段主要介绍了新地质图集的详细信息。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据“Liu said the upcoming Chang’e-6 task would also use the atlas. ‘Our maps can help the
research by providing scientific support,’”可知，作者通过使用嫦娥六号任务作为例子来证明“这个图集将有很多
有用的用途”。故选B。
4．词句猜测题。根据“‘Compiling the atlas was a huge task… ‘It will be a starting point for every new question of
lunar geology.’”可知，It指代的是“Compiling the atlas编制图集”。故选D。
命题特点
一般说来，英语说明文与其他文体一样，文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面，即
who→what→when→where→how→why。
1.who:问的是这篇文章的主体是谁?(即所要说明和描述的人或事物)
2.what:问的是主体做了什么事情?(即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途)
3.when和where:是在何时何地发生的?(即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途)
4.how:通过什么方式表现出来的?
5.why:这种特性功能用途的原因是什么?
做说明文阅读理解题的时候，一定要记住上面的wh-word。边阅读，边搜记，牢记要点，把握全文。
解题技巧
说明文是以说明为主要表达方式用来说明事物，阐明事理的一种文体。它通过揭示概念来说明事物的特征、
本质及其规律性，给人准确的科学知识或正确思想。一般可分为实体事物说明和抽象事物说明两大类，词典、
教材、论文、实验报告、产品说明书、广告、解说词及科学小品等都属于说明文。
1. 阅读做标记。在阅读的时候可给段落标上序号，并给重要的句子和关键词汇做上记号，尤其是各段中心
句，为答题提供更快捷、更多的信息。
2. 审清题干。发掘和把握试题中有效的提示性信息，确认命题的角度、阅读范围和答题方式。
3. 定位阅读,强化对应意识。绝大部分的说明文阅读题都有一个共性，那就是答案基本上都能直接和间接从
选段中找到依据。回答问题时要注意原文利用和自我加工相结合。
解题策略
阅读说明文体裁的文章时应首先抓住下面的重要信息：
A. 说明的对象
B. 说明对象的特征
C. 说明的方法（例证法；定义法；分类法；因果关系法；比较对照法；过程分析法）
（1）例证法
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这是用具体例子来说明人或事物的特征、本质及其规律的方法,所用例子必须有代表性、典型性,能体现人或
事物的本质特征。这是用特殊来说明一般的方法。通常在主题句后,用 For example 或 For instance 等短语引
导出具体的例子。
（2）定义法
下定义就是给说明对象一个明确概念。这是科学而严密的说明方法。它既能揭示事物的本质特征,勾勒其大
概,描绘其轮廓,同时也能确定事物的范围和界限。下定义是多方面的,可以给人、事物、思想等下定义。
（3）分类法
分类法是对同属不同类或同类而不同种的人或事物,根据不同性质进行分门别类地说明的方法。分类是人类
认识客观世界的重要手段之一。分类必须遵守分类规则,使分类对象具有统一属性,依据同一分类标准,并使分类
的子项相互排斥,不互相包蕴。
（4）因果关系法
事物变化的原因和结果是紧密相关的。如果某个现象的存在必然引起另一个现象的发生,那么,这两个现象之
间就具有因果关系。因果关系包括由果推因(由结果去推测原因)和由因推果(由原因去推测结果)两种情况。因果
关系符合人们的日常思维逻辑,因而在写作中得到广泛应用,常用 because, as, since, so, now that, if...then, the
reason is that...等表示因果关系。
（5）比较对照法
有意识地把两种相反、相对的事物或同一事物相反、相对的两个方面放在一起,用比较的方法加以描述或说
明,指出其相同点,这种写法叫做比较;指出其不同点,叫做对照。比较和对照各有不同的侧重,但两种方法经常结合
使用。
（6）过程分析法
过程分析法就是把事物发展过程分为若干步骤,然后逐一加以分析说明。这种写法在说明文中使用得相当广
泛。过程分析与叙事和因果关系等写法有密切关系,但彼此又有明显区别:叙事研究的对象是What happens;因果
关系研究的对象是Why it happens,而过程分析研究的对象是How it happens。
（一）
（2025·河南平顶山·一模）Microplastics (微塑料) are so small that we can not see them. But they bring big
problems. A new study said that by 2040, microplastic pollution could be twice as bad as it is now. Scientists learned this
by looking at 20 years of studies on microplastics.
Microplastics are very small pieces of plastic. They come from many places. For example, about 60 percent of
material made into clothing is plastic. Every time they are washed, they shed (掉落) microplastics. When water bottles and
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packing bags are left outside, they break down slowly into microplastics.
According to National Geographic, microplastics are usually less than five millimeters (毫米) in size. This small
size lets them go everywhere, even in water and air. They don’t break down easily and can stay in the environment for
hundreds of years.
This can be bad for our health. Recently, it’s said that scientists found microplastics in people’s brains for the first
time. They may hurt brain cells (细胞) and change how the brain works.
Wild animals are also at risk from microplastic pollution. Each year, up to three million tons of microplastics end
up in the ocean. Since they are too small to be seen, fish may eat them by mistake and become very sick.
To deal with the problem, scientists’ advice is that we should make and use less plastic. However, it is easier said
than done. It requires the efforts of everyone. Only by working together can we protect our environment and have a
healthier future for both humans and wildlife.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．Where do microplastics come from?
a. The water bottles.b. The packing bags.c. The water and the air.d. The clothing material.e. The electronic products.
A．b, d, e. B．a, b, d. C．a, c, e. D．b, c, d.
2．Which paragraph tells the harm of microplastics to human beings? (P= Paragraph)
A．P2. B．P3. C．P4. D．P5.
3．Why are wild animals in danger from microplastic pollution?
A．Because microplastics make animals homeless. B．Because animals may eat microplastics by mistake.
C．Because the food chain is changed by microplastics. D．Because microplastics hurt the brain cells of animals.
4．What can we know according to the text?
A．Some new green materials can replace microplastics. B．Governments has a policy against using
microplastics.
C．Microplastics will be effectively managed in the future. D．The scientists suggest reducing the use of plastics.
5．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Unseen but there. B．Animals are at risk.
C．Protect the earth. D．How the brain works.
【参考答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A
【语篇解读】本文介绍了微塑料的来源、危害及其对人类和野生动物的影响，同时强调了减少塑料使用的重要
性，并呼吁大家共同努力来保护环境。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“about 60 percent of material made into clothing is plastic.”和“When water bottles and
packing bags are left outside, they break down slowly into microplastics.”可知，微塑料来源于水瓶、包装袋和衣物
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材料，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段“This can be bad for our health. Recently, it’s said that scientists found microplastics in
people’s brains for the first time.”可知，第四段讲述了微塑料对人类的危害，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第五段“Since they are too small to be seen, fish may eat them by mistake and become very sick.”
可知，鱼类可能误食微塑料而生病，因此野生动物受到微塑料污染的威胁，故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“scientists’ advice is that we should make and use less plastic.”可知，科学家建议减
少塑料的使用，故选D。
5．最佳标题。文章主要讲述了微塑料虽然肉眼不可见，但却无处不在，并带来了许多问题，因此A选项
“Unseen but there.”（看不见但存在）最符合文章主旨，故选A。
（二）
（2025·安徽合肥·一模）Visit These Cool Places in 2024Folger Shakespeare Library, Washington, D．C．, USA
If you like Shakespeare, this is a great place for you. It’s a museum and a library. It has been made newer and bigger. You
can find many things about Shakespeare here, like his writings and other things about him. It has more First Folios-a
very old book with all of Shakespeare’s plays-than any other places in the world. There is a stage like the ones in
Elizabethan times. They put on both old and new plays there.Opening hours: Tuesday, Wednesday and Sunday: 11:00 a.
m.—6:00 p. m.
Thursday, Friday and Saturday: 11:00 a. m.—9:00 p. m.
Closed: Monday
Canadian Canoe Museum, Ontario, Canada
This museum has the most canoes (独木舟) in the world. It’s really cool because you can even row a boat to get there.
The museum building looks like a boat. It’s by the lake in Peterborough. When you visit, you can see more than 600
boats. You can go on a boat trip with a group around Little Lake.Opening hours: Monday to Friday (May to
October):10:00 a. m.—5:00 p. m.
Monday to Friday (November to April):10:00 a. m.—4:00 p. m.
Saturday and Sunday: 1:00 p. m.—4:00 p. m.
6．What can you do at Folger Shakespeare Library?
A．See a collection of modern art. B．Get copies of First Folios for free.
C．Watch modern and ancient plays. D．Visit the lake in Peterborough.
7．When does the Canadian Canoe Museum open on Sundays in December?
A．From 10:00 to 16:00. B．From 10:00 to 17:00.
C．From 11:00 to 21:00. D．From 13:00 to 16:00.
8．On which of the following websites can we read the text (文本)？
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A．www.tripguide.cn/places/ B．www.animalsindanger.com/dodo/
C．www.readinghabits.cn/MarkTwain/ D．www.sportsworld.com/badminton/
【参考答案】6．C 7．D 8．A
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了两个文化场所。
6．推理判断题。根据“They put on both old and new plays there.”可知，它们在那里上演新旧戏剧，故推出能在莎
士比亚图书馆看现代和古代戏剧。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据“Saturday and Sunday: 1:00 p. m.—4:00 p. m.”可知，周六日开放时间是下午1点到4点。故
选D。
8．推理判断题。根据“Visit These Cool Places in 2024”及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了两个旅游景点，故应在
旅游网站上看到。故选A。
（三）
（2025·江苏徐州·一模）Is joking around only for humans? Scientists have noticed that animals might also play
tricks on each other!
Have you ever seen a dog tease (戏弄) people by letting them come close to its toy and then running away with it?
The famous scientist Charles Darwin thought this was the dog’s way of playing a joke. Another scientist, Marc Bekoff,
saw dogs playing with each other by slowly walking up to one another and then quickly running away. He said that dogs
want a good time and that animals might also fool around to deal with stress.
In a 2024 study, scientists watched four different types of apes (猿) and saw the apes do 18 different types
of teasing behaviors. The young apes would sneak up behind the older ones, pull their hair, or steal their food, then stop
to see their response (反应)—just like when kids hide behind something and say “Boo!” Researchers think these actions
need planning and understanding how others feel. So, the ability to have a sense of humor might have started long long
ago.
But do these animals have a sense of humor? Are the apes in the study just trying to get attention, not joking around?
Why would animals tease and play tricks on each other? “In humans, humor can serve as a way to break the ice and connect
with others,” says a scientist. “We don’t know if it’s the same for apes or other animals, but it’s possible.”
9．Why might animals play tricks on each other according to the text?
A．To show their anger. B．To practice their hunting skills.
C．To show they are smarter than humans. D．To deal with stress and connect with others.
10．Which of the following can be put in “______” in Paragraph 3?
A．But what about pets in the wild? B．But how do wild animals live?
C．But what about wild animals? D．But why do we study wild animals?
11．What does the phrase “sneak up” in Paragraph 3 mean?
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A．Run after someone secretly. B．Move quietly to surprise someone.
C．Hit someone and run away quickly. D．Laugh at someone loudly.
12．What is the best title for the passage?
A．How Dogs Communicate with Humans?B．The Developing History of Animals.
C．Do Animals Love to Joke around? D．Scientists’ New Discoveries about Wild Animals.
【参考答案】9．D 10．C 11．B 12．C
【语篇解读】本文主要探讨了动物是否也会像人类一样开玩笑或戏弄彼此的行为。
9．推理判断题。根据“He said that dogs want a good time and that animals might also fool around to deal with stress.”
以及“‘In humans, humor can serve as a way to break the ice and connect with others,’ says a scientist.‘We don’t know if
it’s the same for apes or other animals, but it’s possible.’”可知，动物互相开玩笑可能是为了处理压力以及与其他动
物建立联系。故选D。
10．推理判断题。该段讨论的是猿类的恶作剧行为，属于野生动物的研究，前文主要讨论宠物，因此横线处需
要过渡到野生动物，选项C符合逻辑。故选C。
11．词义猜测题。根据后文“behind the older ones, pull their hair, or steal their food, then stop to see their response (反
应)”可知，此处描述的年轻猿类悄悄接近年长猿类的行为，目的是制造惊喜或吓唬对方。故选B。
12．最佳标题题。文章主要讲述了动物，尤其是狗和猿类可能具有幽默感，能够互相开玩笑，C选项符合。故
选C。
（四）
（2024·广东深圳·模拟预测）Are you troubled by housework, such as cleaning tables or tidying your room? Do
you need a helping hand? Recently, the robot Mobile Aloha made by scientists at Stanford University in the US became
popular online. In the videos posted, we can see the robot preparing dishes on its own. It’s also good at watering plants,
petting cats, cleaning the floor and washing clothes.
Sounds good? Well, another video posted by researchers may disappoint some people. Mobile Aloha isn’t good at
doing housework on its own. Instead, it learns from human actions before doing each kind of housework. When the situation
changes, it can’t work well without a human “teaching” it. So it may break dishes, bump into (撞上) things and even burn a
pot.
The robot can successfully move chairs 80 percent of the time, said the team after they did more research on it. For
cooking dishes, it’s only 40 percent. In short, it’s far from perfect.
In fact, AI robots are good at tasks such as math and playing chess, but they face challenges when it comes to simpler
actions like cleaning. And it’s the same for Mobile Aloha. For example, if its body doesn’t move correctly—even just
with a small deviation, its arm may move too far to pick up a glass.
“Robots are not ready to take over the world,” the team posted online.
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13．How does the writer begin the passage?
A．By making a comparison. B．By asking questions.
C．By showing a finding. D．By imagining a scene.
14．What is the function of the numbers in Paragraph 3?
A．To show the latest findings of the team.
B．To prove that robots can do nothing right.
C．To support an opinion that robots are not perfect.
D．To explain the main function of Mobile Aloha is moving chairs.
15．What does the underlined word “deviation” probably mean in Paragraph 4?
A．Mistake B．Progress. C．Effort. D．Damage.
16．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．The importance of robots to the world. B．The latest researches on robots.
C．Some disadvantages of robots. D．Some ways to produce perfect robots.
17．In which part of the newspaper can we read the passage?
A．EDUCATION B．CULTURE C．PEOPLE D．TECHNOLOGY
【参考答案】13．B 14．C 15．A 16．C 17．D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了美国斯坦福大学研制的机器人Mobile Aloha的功能及其局限
性。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Are you troubled by housework, such as cleaning tables or tidying your room? Do
you need a helping hand?”（你被家务活困扰吗，比如擦桌子或者整理房间？你需要帮手吗？）可知，作者通过
提问的方式引入话题。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据“The robot can successfully move chairs 80 percent of the time, said the team after they did
more research on it. For cooking dishes, it’s only 40 percent. In short, it’s far from perfect.”（该团队在对机器人进行更
多研究后表示，机器人成功移动椅子的概率为80%。至于烹饪菜肴，成功率仅为40%。简而言之，它还远非完
美。）可知，这些数字用于支持机器人并不完美的观点。故选C。
15．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“if its body doesn’t move correctly— even just with a small deviation, its arm may
move too far to pick up a glass.”（如果它的身体没有正确移动 —— 即使只是轻微的偏差，它的手臂可能会移动
得太远而无法拿起杯子。）可知，deviation指的是身体移动不正确的情况，即“错误，偏差”。故选A。
16．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了Mobile Aloha机器人的功能及其局限性，特别是它在没有人
类指导时表现不佳的情况，故本文主要是介绍了机器人的一些缺点。故选C。
17．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了机器人的技术及其应用，因此最可能出现在“技术”版块。 故选D。
（五）
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（2025·江苏扬州·一模）In December 2024, the United Nations (UN) took an important step. They carried out an
emergency plan after an asteroid (小行星) named 2024 YR4 was found to be on its way to crash into Earth. Although
there’s no immediate risk for now, scientists worry it could be a threat to humans in less than a decade.
The UN’s Planetary Security Protocol (《行星安全协议》) was started for the first time, which was after a warning
from the Institute of Astrophysics of the Canary Island in Spain. Later, scientists estimated (估算) that 2024 YR4 could hit
our planet on December 22, 2032.
However, there’s no need to scare. Asteroids are common as the Earth moves around the sun, but most of them are
too small to cause problems. It doesn’t mean, however, there were no horrible events in the past. One such event happened
66 million years ago. With at least 10 kilometers long, Asteroid Chicxulub, destroyed 75 percent of all species on Earth,
including dinosaurs.
The brightness of 2024 YR4 helped scientists estimate its size at between 40 and 100 meters wide. Also, its route
around the sun shows that it will miss Earth. Moreover, now studies show objects like Chicxulub only hit Earth about every
50 million years or so.
How 2024 YR4 will affect us depends on what it’s made of. If it turns out to be just rock, which is the most likely
case, it will get destroyed in the atmosphere and send down a shockwave (冲击波). If it’s made of metal, which is less
possible, it might make it through the atmosphere for a direct crash.
It might sound scary but we are monitoring the situation. In just the past few years, we have discovered 11 asteroids.
Everything went well because we knew where they would hit. We are also learning to change the direction of dangerous
asteroids, as the DART mission shows. Sent up in November 2021 by NASA, the mission stopped an asteroid from getting
near the Earth in September 2022.
18．Why was the UN’s Planetary Security Protocol started last December?
A．To develop new technology for discovering asteroids.
B．To encourage countries to work closely in space exploration.
C．To prepare for a possible asteroid crash.
D．To warn people about the dangers of asteroids.
19．What do we know about the asteroid 2024 YR4?
A．It is made of metal. B．It was discovered by accident.
C．It is less likely to hit Earth. D．It is larger than Chicxulub.
20．What does the DART mission show?
A．We can predict asteroid crash. B．We can change an asteroid’s direction.
C．We can destroy asteroids in the atmosphere. D．We can prevent asteroids from forming.
21．Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude towards 2024 YR4?
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A．Anxious. B．Positive. C．Doubtful. D．Scared.
【参考答案】18．C 19．C 20．B 21．B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了小行星2024 YR4的潜在威胁及人类采取的应对措施。
18．细节理解题。根据“They carried out an emergency plan after an asteroid (小行星) named 2024 YR4 was found to
be on its way to crash into Earth.”可知，联合国的《行星安全协议》启动是为了应对小行星2024 YR4冲撞地球的
潜在威胁的，选项C符合题意。故选C。
19．细节理解题。根据第四段“its route around the sun shows that it will miss Earth.”可知，小行星的轨道显示它将
会避开地球，选项C符合题意。故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据“We are also learning to change the direction of dangerous asteroids, as the DART mission
shows.”可知，DART的使命是学习改变危险小行星的运行方向，选项B符合题意。故选B。
21．观点态度题。根据“However, there’s no need to scare. Asteroids are common as the Earth moves around the sun,
but most of them are too small to cause problems.”、“It might sound scary but we are monitoring the
situation.”、“Everything went well because we knew where they would hit.”可知，作者对小行星2024 YR4的态度是
积极乐观的，他认为人们不必惊慌，我们有有效的措施监控和应对。故选B。
（六）
（2025·广东珠海·一模）Understanding behavior has much to do with understanding the brain. Scientist have
found the brain’s physical state and changes can lead to behavioral differences across ages and genders (性别).
Around the age of 12, the areas of the brain that are used most will be strengthened and cells (细胞) in the brain that
are not used will gradually die. What you do with your brain in your teen years probably decides how your brain will work
for the rest of your life. How young people spend their time is of great importance.
Different from earlier beliefs, the brain is still developing even in the early twenties. Areas of the brain that are
related to emotion, decision making, reasoning, and problem solving are still not fully developed. This may explain why
car accidents among young people are significantly higher than those among older people. Young people don’t have the
necessary skills to make complex (复杂的) judgments while driving.
______. Girls are ready to process more challenging information earlier than boys. In addition, studies have shown
that girls and boys process language input in different parts of their brains. Girls usually do better than boys in language,
which means that they have more brain matter responsible for language skills.
This kind of research raises important questions about how boys and girls should be taught in school. For example,
the idea of single-sex education should perhaps be taken into consideration. Experts say that we would do well to revisit the
timing of the subjects taught in school, as some parts of the brain develop before others.
22．According to the passage, young people are more likely to have car accidents because ________.
A．they fail to realize the importance of skills. B．They don’t have the necessary skills in driving.
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C．certain areas in their brains are not fully developed. D．their brains might be influenced by their emotions.
23．Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 4?
A．Cells in the brain that are not used will probably die. B．How brains develop has to do with language skills.
C．Boys and girls should be taught differently in school. D．The way brains develop has to do with gender.
24．The word “revisit” in Paragraph 5 probably means “________”.
A．consider once more B．visit once more C．deal with again D．come up with again
25．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Earlier beliefs show the brain is still developing in the early twenties.
B．Girls are better at language because they work harder.
C．How people spend their time when they’re teenagers affects their future life.
D．Gender makes no difference when it comes to the physical state of the brain.
26．Which would be the best title for this passage?
A．Maps of the Brain B．The Developing Brain
C．The Efficient Brain D．Genders and the Brain
【参考答案】22．C 23．C 24．A 25．C 26．B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人类的大脑在不断地发展，以及大脑发育与行为差异如年轻人车
祸率高、男女语言能力差异等。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Areas of the brain that are related to emotion, decision making, reasoning, and
problem solving are still not fully developed. This may go some way toward explaining why car accident rates in young
people are significantly higher than those among older people.”可知，大脑中与情感、决策、推理论证和问题解决有
关的大脑区域尚未发育完全，这可以解释为何年轻人的交通事故发生率显著高于中老年人。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Girls are ready to process more challenging information earlier than boys. In
addition, studies have shown that girls and boys process language input in different parts of their brains. Girls usually do
better than boys in language, which means that they have more brain matter responsible for language skills”可知，前文
提到女孩在处理语言信息方面比男孩更早准备好，且女孩和男孩处理语言输入的大脑区域不同，后面提到这种
研究引发了关于学校如何教育男孩和女孩的问题，所以此处应填入“男孩和女孩在学校应该接受不同的教育”。
故选C。
24．词义猜测题。由上文“Experts say that we would do well to revisit the timing of the subjects taught in school, as
some parts of the brain develop before others.”可知，这里是说专家认为我们最好重新考虑学校教授科目时间安排，
所以是“consider once more”。故选A。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“What you do with your brain in your teen years probably decides how your
brain will work for the rest of your life. It is clear, therefore, that how young people spend their time is of great
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importance”可知，文中提到如果青少年没完没了地看电视，那么大脑中与此有关的细胞就会活跃发达，其它部
分会退化，因此，年轻人怎样花他们的时间对他们的未来发展、未来生活十分重要。由此判断出，人们在青少
年时期如何打发时间会影响他们未来的生活。故选C。
26．标题归纳题。本文通篇介绍了大脑在不同年龄段（青少年到二十出头）的发育情况，以及大脑发育与行为
差异（如年轻人车祸率高、男女语言能力差异等）展开，核心是大脑的发育，所以“The Developing Brain”最适
合做标题 。故选B。
（七）
（2025·江苏无锡·一模）We know that AI is not a real human. However, it seems many of us can’t help treating it
like one. In a survey of 2000 people in the US. 48 percent believed we should have good manners when talking to AI,
said The New York Post.
Scientists at the Imperial College London in the UK have made a similar discovery recently. They found that humans
tend (往往会) to treat AI as human beings, showing sympathy (同情) toward them and even protecting them, Science
Daily reported.
In their experiment, the scientists invited 244 volunteers to play an online ball game with an AI bot. A make-believe
volunteer also took part, and sometimes left out the AI on purpose by passing the ball only to human players. As the
scientists watched the game, they discovered that most of the time the volunteers tried to fix the unfairness (不公平) toward
the bot by giving it the ball more often.
The finding is in line with the ideas of Media Equation Theory, the scientists said in their papers. Developed in the
1990s by scientists at Stanford University in the US, the theory suggests we often reply to media and technology like we
do to real people and places, rather than just seeing them as tools.
An example is Replika, an AI chatbot created in 2017. It has about 2 million users worldwide. “Your Replika will
always be your side no matter what you are up to,” reads its official website. But the AI’s support turned dangerous when
it encouraged Jaswant Singh Chail, a young man in the UK, to carry out his plan to kill the Queen of England. Chail tried
to do so in December 2021, but he was stopped in time. However, he was still put in prison.
Companies should avoid making AI too human-like in their design, advised the scientists at Imperial College
London. This can help people tell the difference between virtual and real communication.
27．Which of the following is TRUE based on Media Equation Theory?
A．Humans always treat AI as tools. B．Humans often reply to AI as to real people.
C．Humans should make AI less human-like. D．Humans tried to fix unfairness in the game.
28．What does the author want to tell us by mentioning “Replika” in the article?
A．AI has educational advantages. B．AI can influence humans in some ways.
C．AI is designed for some purposes. D．AI can’t be used in social communication.
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29．What can be inferred (推断) from the article?
A．AI always has bad influence on humans. B．Nearly half people in the US treat AI politely.
C．Treating AI more carefully is a must for humans. D．Companies won’t make AI as friends any more.
30．The following sentence can best be put at the end of ________.
While this could make humans and AI work better as a team, it also has risks, especially when AI bots are designed to
act like “friends” to people.
A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5
【参考答案】27．B 28．B 29．B 30．D
【语篇解读】本文主要讲了人们会像对待真人一样对待AI，并且通过一个实验来证明了这一点，并且介绍了AI
的优点，同时也存在一些风险。
27．细节理解题。根据“the theory suggests we often reply to media and technology like we do to real people and
places, rather than just seeing them as tools.”可知，人们常以对待真实人类的方式回应媒体和技术，而非仅视为工
具。故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据“An example is Replika, an AI chatbot…But the AI’s support turned dangerous when it
encouraged Jaswant Singh Chail, a young man in the UK, to carry out his plan to kill the Queen of England.”可知，
Replika的例子说明AI的支持导致用户犯罪，说明AI可能对人类行为产生负面影响。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据“In a survey of 2000 people in the US. 48 percent believed we should have good manners when
talking to AI”可知，48%的受访者认为应对AI礼貌。故选B。
30．推理判断题。题干句子强调“AI被设计为朋友”的风险，与第五段Replika作为“朋友”却引发危险的例子逻辑
衔接紧密，故应置于第五段。故选D。
（八）（2025·四川内江·一模）
On January 20, 2025, a Chinese tech company named DeepSeek made a new AI called DeepSeek-R1.
This smart program can solve math problems, write code (代码), and answer questions like top models such as
OpenAI’s GPT-4o, but it costs much less to build. The team spent only $ 5.58 million (1/70 of OpenAI’s cost) and used
2,048 computer chips (计算机芯片) for two months. This shows that good ideas can beat big money.
DeepSeek-R1 learns by trying many times and getting better, like how students practice math. Other AIs need many
prepared examples, but R1 improves by itself. For example, in a global math test, it got 79.8% right, slightly higher than
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OpenAI’s model. A simple version of R1 can even run on low-cost computers, helping schools and small companies.
DeepSeek-R1 is free to use and change. On its first day online, over 19,000 programmers worldwide started projects
to study it. A German scientist said experiments with R1 cost $ 10 instead of $ 300 with other AIs. Even Meta ( a famous
U.S. tech company ) top scientist said, “This kind of free AI could change the world.”
U.S. tech companies are worried. Meta plans to spend $ 65 billion more on AI research. Experts say China is catching
up fast. A report in Nature magazine called R1 a “big step forward”, showing that smart ideas beat expensive tools.
As a DeepSeek engineer said, “We want AI to be a friend, not something only rich people can use.” With R1, China
shows the world that great things come from new ideas and hard work, not just money.
31．How much did it cost to build DeepSeek-R1?
A．$ 5.58 million. B．$ 65 billion. C．$ 10. D．$ 300.
32．What does “improves by itself” mean in the article?
A．It needs programmers to fix mistakes. B．It expresses answers from other AIs.
C．It becomes better through practice. D．It only works with expensive tools.
33．Why did Meta plan to spend more money on AI research?
A．To help Chinese companies. B．To compete with DeepSeek-R1.
C．To build more computer chips. D．To hire German scientists.
34．What is the main purpose of the article?
A．To compare Chinese and American AI technologies. B．To encourage students to become programmers.
C．To explain how computer chips work. D．To introduce a low-cost AI model from China.
【参考答案】31．A 32．C 33．B 34．D
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了中国科技公司DeepSeek研发的一款新型低成本AI模型DeepSeek-R1。
31．细节理解题。根据“The team spent only $ 5.58 million (1/70 of OpenAI’s cost) and used 2,048 computer chips (计
算机芯片) for two months.”可知，建造DeepSeek-R1花了558万美元。故选A。
32．词句猜测题。根据“DeepSeek-R1 learns by trying many times and getting better, like how students practice math.
Other AIs need many prepared examples, but R1improves by itself.”可知，DeepSeek-R1是通过反复尝试、实践变得
更好，即可以自己改进。故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据“U.S. tech companies are worried. Meta plans to spend $ 65 billion more on AI research.”可知，
美国科技公司担心是因为中国科技公司DeepSeek研发出了新型的AI模型DeepSeek-R1，所以Meta计划花费更
多的钱用于AI研究是为了与DeepSeek-R1竞争。故选B。
34．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国科技公司DeepSeek研发的一款新型低成本AI模型
DeepSeek-R1，因此本文的主要目的是介绍来自中国的低成本AI模型。故选D。
（九）
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（2025·安徽·一模）Everyone feels stressed sometimes. Maybe you have a hard time with your friends or classmates.
Maybe you are ill or don’t do well in your studies. But I believe that if you add stress management in your daily life, you
can more easily deal with your stressful situations.
One way to work off stress and worries is to get moving. You can do sports or just take a walk. One of the benefits
(好处) of exercising is that you will all feel calmer and happier afterwards. Smiling and laughing can make you relaxed
too. A good joke with friends or a good movie with your family can work well.
Music is one of the best ways to reduce stress and it is popular with people of all ages. Pick the music you like. It’s
usually more effective when you choose something quiet. Reading is also a good way to fight against stress. Any book that
gives a good, positive message about the world or the people in it can help you feel better.
Go out and smell the fresh air. Can you hear the birds singing and feeling the gentle wind on your skin? Bring your
peaceful scene to mind the next time you are feeling annoyed. Your stress will be released by nature.
Next time you face stress, don’t worry. Just think about the above tips. Remember: a good mood (情绪) brings you a
healthy body.
35．How many methods are offered in the passage?
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
36．Lucy was sad because she broke her leg and had to stay in bed for a few weeks. What better advice would you give
her?
A．Do some sports. B．Just smile. C．Listen to music. D．Be close to nature.
37．What’s the purpose of writing this passage?
A．To help people relax themselves. B．To tell people what a healthy life is.
C．To give tips on having a strong body. D．To show ways of solving problems.
【参考答案】35．D 36．C 37．A
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了如何在面对压力时如何应对和管理，帮助人们放松自己。
35．细节理解题。根据第二段“One way to work off stress and worries is to get moving...Smiling and laughing can
make you relaxed too.”、第三段“Music is one of the best ways to reduce stress and it is popular with people of all
ages...Reading is also a good way to fight against stress.”以及“Go out and smell the fresh air.”可知，本文提到五种缓
解压力的方法，分别为：运动、微笑/大笑、听音乐、阅读、接触大自然。故选D。
36．推理判断题。根据“Music is one of the best ways to reduce stress and it is popular with people of all ages. Pick the
music you like. It’s usually more effective when you choose something quiet.”可知，音乐可以减轻压力，选择安静的
音乐，通常会更有效。Lucy腿部受伤需卧床，故而无法运动或外出接触自然，微笑虽可行，但音乐更具体且适
合卧床时放松。故选C。
37．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文围绕压力管理展开，提供具体减压建议，核心目的是帮助人们放松。故
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选A。
（十）
（2025·辽宁丹东·一模）The Silk Road (丝绸之路) is neither an actual road nor a single route (路线). The term
instead refers to a network of routes used by traders for more than 1,500 years, which went from China to Eastern Europe.
The Silk Road went along the northern borders of China, through India, and Persia and ended up in Eastern Europe near
today’s Türkiye and the Mediterranean Sea.
It was called the Silk Road because one of the major traded products was silk cloth from China. Besides silk, the
Chinese also exported (出口) tea, salt, sugar, porcelain, and spices. Most of what was traded was expensive luxury goods.
This was because it was a long trip and merchants (商人) didn’t have a lot of room for goods. They imported, or bought,
goods like cotton, ivory, wool, gold, and silver.
Merchants traveled in large caravans (车队). They would have many guards with them. Traveling in this way
helped in defending from bandits (土匪). Camels were popular animals for transport because much of the route was through
dry and harsh land.
Although there had been some trade between China and the rest of the world for some time, the silk trade was
significantly expanded (发展) by the Han Dynasty. Later, under the rule of the Yuan Dynasty, set up by Kublai Khan of
the Mongols, trade from China along the Silk Road would reach its peak. During this time the Mongols controlled a
significant portion (部分) of the trade route, enabling Chinese merchants to travel safely.
The Silk Road was important because it helped to generate trade between a number of different kingdoms and
empires. This helped for ideas, culture, inventions, and unique products to spread across much of the settled world.
The Silk Road was over 4,000 miles long. There wasn’t just one route, but many routes. Some were shorter, but
more dangerous. Others took longer, but were safer.
38．Along the Silk Road, the Chinese traded these goods EXCEPT ________.
A．salt, sugar and tea B．spices and porcelain C．oil, wood and paper D．cotton, ivory and wool
39．The underlined part “in this way” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________.
A．in a big group like a caravan B．by going through the dry land
C．without any guards D．on the back of a camel
40．What’s the fifth paragraph mainly about?
A．The history of the Silk Road. B．The importance of the Silk Road.
C．The reason for being called the Silk Road. D．The interesting facts about the Silk Road.
41．Which of the following can best describe the Silk Road?
A．A trade route between India and Europe.
B．A number of trade routes going between China and Eastern Europe.
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C．A short road covered with silk between China and Türkiye.
D．A paved highway used by the ancient Chinese emperors.
【参考答案】38．C 39．A 40．B 41．B
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了丝绸之路的历史、贸易内容、运输方式及其重要性。
38．细节理解题。根据“Besides silk, the Chinese also exported (出口) tea, salt, sugar, porcelain, and spices.”及“They
imported, or bought, goods like cotton, ivory, wool, gold, and silver.”可知，贸易的物品中不包括石油、木材及纸。
故选C。
39．词义猜测题。根据“Merchants traveled in large caravans (车队). They would have many guards with them.
Traveling in this way helped in defending from bandits (土匪).”可知，商人会组成大型车队旅行。他们会有许多护
卫随行。这种旅行方式有助于防御土匪，“in this way”指代的是“以大型车队的形式”。故选A。
40．主旨大意题。根据“The Silk Road was important because it helped to generate trade between a number of different
kingdoms and empires.”可知，本段主要讲述的是丝绸之路的重要性。故选B。
41．细节理解题。根据“The Silk Road (丝绸之路) is neither an actual road nor a single route (路线). The term instead
refers to a network of routes used by traders for more than 1,500 years, which went from China to Eastern Europe.”及
“The Silk Road was over 4,000 miles long. There wasn’t just one route, but many routes.”可知，丝绸之路有很多条贸
易路线，连接着中国和东欧。故选B。
考点四 议论文
（2024·北京·中考真题）Almost everyone has experienced the feeling of discomfort when their actions do
not agree with their inner values. A man, for example, values work-life balance yet works 80 hours every week,
caring little about his own health and family. Another example is a boy who holds his parents’ love dear but gets
angry at them in a moment of stress; or a woman who hopes to live healthily but gives in to the attraction of fast
food during moments of weakness.
This disagreement can lead to serious results, such as worsening relationships, limited personal growth, and
self-doubt. The emotional effects of feeling out of control and unable to live up to our own standards can also be
deeply harmful. The shame and upset that go along with these feelings often force us into silence, resulting in
more self-doubt. One reason for this silence might be that admitting (承认) to these behaviors can feel like showing
a weakness or mistake that society tells us should be kept hidden. What’s more, recognizing this disagreement
requires coming face to face with uncomfortable truths about ourselves—a process that is as discouraging as it is
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necessary for growth.
Recognizing and addressing these behaviors can provide a possibility of change. By looking into the causes
of our behaviors, we can begin to understand our actions more easily and work toward sticking to our beliefs.
Research supports the idea that recognizing this disagreement, together with mindfulness and open communication,
can help with this process. These methods help us slow down, reflect (反思), and choose behaviors that follow our
values more closely, even in the face of old habits or immediate needs.
The key to dealing with this disagreement lies in compassion (同情) for ourselves and others. By developing a
culture of openness and by understanding the challenges of aligning behaviors with beliefs, we can begin to break
down what prevents us from having conversation and change. Admitting that this disagreement is a shared part
of the human experience can enable us to speak openly, find support, and take necessary steps toward the
agreement between our inner world and our actions.
While the disagreement between our inner values and actions may be common, through reflection,
understanding and purposeful practice, we can bridge the divide and set out on a journey of self-discovery.
1．Why does the writer use the examples in Paragraph 1?
A．To stress an unavoidable need. B．To show a result of the wrong values.
C．To describe a common human experience. D．To introduce a change in people’s relationships.
2．What does the word “aligning” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A．Matching. B．Comparing. C．Mixing. D．Confusing.
3．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with?
A．Discomfort forces us to give up our beliefs.
B．Our behaviors weaken our understandings of life.
C．Open communication makes it possible for us to change.
D．Keeping silent allows us time to live up to our standards.
4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A．To encourage people to stay true to their beliefs.
B．To prove the importance of having the right values.
C．To compare different ways to deal with discomfort.
D．To discuss the influence of people’s improper actions.
【参考答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．A
【语篇解读】本文介绍了人们在生活中会遇到很多实际行动违背自己内心价值观的情况，这会让我们感到不舒
服，甚至带来严重后果，但只要通过反思、理解和有目的的实践，我们就可以弥合这种分歧，踏上自我发现之
旅。
1．推理判断题。通读第一段可知，本段第一句提出了一个观点：几乎每个人都会经历实际行动违背内心价值观
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带来的不适感，下文列举了三个具体的例子。由此可推知，作者在第一段中举例子是为了具体描述这种普遍的
人类经历。故选C。
2．词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“By developing a culture of openness and by understanding the
challenges of aligning behaviors with beliefs, we can begin to break down what prevents us from having
conversation and change.”可知，这里指通过发展一种开放的文化，通过理解使行为与信念保持一致的挑战，人
们能够开始突破那些不利于我们进行对话和改变的障碍。上文一直在说行为与信念的“不一致”，由此可推知，
此处的“挑战”应指使行为与信念保持一致。画线词应意为“使一致”，与A项意思相近。故选A。
3．推理判断题。通读第三段尤其是第三句“Research supports the idea that recognizing this disagreement,
together with mindfulness and open communication, can help with this process.”可知，作者认为意识到这种分歧，
再加上保持警觉，进行坦诚的沟通，可以使人们发生改变。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了人们在生活中会遇到很多实际行动违背内心价值观的情况，这
会让我们感到不舒服，甚至带来严重后果，但只要通过反思、理解和有目的的实践，我们就可以弥合这种分歧，
踏上自我发现之旅。由此可推知，作者写本文的目的是鼓励人们忠于自己的信仰，坚守本心。故选A。
命题特点
议论文往往有观点，有事实，逻辑性强，命题往往从事实的有关细节及文章的主旨或作者的表达意图等方
面着手，考查我们的思维能力和判断能力。所以考生要培养根据上下文猜词的能力，或者说根据情境能揣测作
者的意图。议论文的阅读同其他体裁文章的阅读理解一样，可以有主旨大意、细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测
等几种出题方式。
解题技巧
1. 把握文章的论点、论据和论证。此外，还要把握文章的结构和语言。
2. 互推法：在议论之后，总会再列举一些具体的例子来支持观点或在一些例子之后，总要抒发一些议论。
考生在理解议论时，可以借助文中所给的实例，从而在形象的例子中推理出抽象的议论；或从议论中推理理解
具体例子的深刻含义，相互推断。
3. 推理法：推理的结论一定是原文有这层意思，但没有明确表达的。推理要根据文章的字面意思，通过语
篇、段落和句子之间的逻辑关系，各个信息所暗示和隐含的意义，作者的隐含意等对文章进行推理判断。考生
要由文字的表层信息挖掘出文章的深层含义，要能透过现象看本质。
解题策略
历年全国中考英语阅读理解的题型无非基本都是考查主旨大意、词义猜测、推理判断和细节理解四大题型。
其中，命题以细节理解题为主，推理判断题为辅，又兼顾词义猜测题和主旨大意题。细节理解题和推理判断题
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主要考查的是对原文具体细节的理解和把控能力，难度相对较小，广大考生除了平时必要的阅读量和词汇量的
积累以外，掌握一定的解题技巧对解答阅读理解题来说也是至关重要的。具体说来：
1. 主旨大意型
干扰项 可能是文中某个具体事实或细节。
干扰项 可能是从文中某些(不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的错误结论。
干扰项 可能是非文章事实的主观臆断。
正确答案 根据文章全面理解而归纳概括出来；不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。
主旨大意题主要考查学生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力。根据多年的备考及高考实践，这类题目考
查的范围是：基本论点、文章标题、主题或段落大意等。它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、
判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法，对文章进行高度概括或总结，属于高层次题。
选择＂主题＂旨在考查考生是否掌握了所读文章的主要内容或主旨，通常用词、短语或句子来概括。常
见的提问方式有：
1. What is the main / general idea of this text?
2. What is mainly discussed in this passage?
3. What is the text mainly about?
4. This text mainly tells us _________.
5. This passage mainly deals with _________.
6. The main idea of this passage may be best expressed as_________.
7. The topic of this passage is _________.
标题选择题则是让考生给所读的文章选择一个合适的标题。通常标题由一个名词或名词短语充当，用词简
短、精练。常见的提问方式有：
1. What would be the best title for the text?
2. Which of the following is the best / most suitable title for this text?
3. The best / most suitable title for this text would be __________.
不管是选择＂主题＂还是选择＂标题＂，实质上都是要求考生从整体上理解语篇内容，找出贯穿语篇的主
线；不管是何种体裁的文章，都是围绕一个主题来展开的。在试题设计上，3个干扰项的内容一般在文章里或
多或少都有涉及，但并非主要内容，需要注意甄别。
2. 事实细节型
细节理解题主要考查考生对文章中某些细节或重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语意理解题
两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。这种题难度低，只要考生读懂文章，就能
得分，属于低层次题。
做此类题时可以使用定位法与跳读法。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句
子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而选出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所
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提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行简单分析、推理等，从而找出
正确答案。
(1)解题原则：忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。
文章中心是论点，事实细节是论据或主要理由；有关细节问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节
及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。
提问的特殊疑问词常有：what, who, which, where, how, why 等。
在阅读理解中，要求查找主要事实和特定细节的问题常有以下几种命题方式：
①Which of the following statements is true?
②Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?
③The author (or the passage) states that __________.
④According to the passage, when (where, why, how, who, what, which, etc.) __________?
(2)干扰项：范围过大、过小；偷换概念；正误并存，某个分句是正确的。
阅读理解中细节理解题的干扰项的设置有以下几个原则：
①包含项原则
在答案选项分析中，假如对A选项的理解概括了对其他三项 (或其中某一项)的理解，那么我们就说选
项A与其他三项是包含或概括关系，包含项A往往就是正确答案。如在＂花＂与＂玫瑰＂两选项中，正确答案
肯定是＂花＂，花包含了玫瑰。
②正反项原则
所谓正反项，是指两选项陈述的命题完全相矛盾。两个相互矛盾的陈述不能都是假的，其中必有一真。
所以，假如四选项中A、B互为正反项，那我们通常先排除C、D项，正确答案一般在A、B项当中。
③委婉项原则
所谓委婉，这里是指说话不能说死，要留有余地。阅读理解选项中语气平和、委婉的往往是正确答案。
这些选项一般含有不十分肯定或试探性语气的表达，如：probably, possibly, may, usually, might, most of,
more or less, relatively, be likely to, not necessary, although, yet, in addition, tend to等等，而含有绝对语
气的表达往往不是正确答案，如：must, always, never, all, every, any, merely, only, completely, none, hardly,
already等等。
④同形项原则
命题者往往先将正确答案设置在一个大命题范围，然后通过语言形式的细微变化来考查考生的理解能力与
分析能力。同形项原则告诉我们：词汇与句法结构相似的选项中有正确答案的存在。
⑤常识项原则
议论文中，那些符合一般常识、意义深刻富有哲理、符合一般规律、属于普遍现象的往往是正确答案。
⑥因果项原则
阅读理解的逻辑推理基本都是通过因果链进行的，前因后果，一步步循序渐进。然而，在推理题的选项
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中，有的选项会推理不到位(止于前因)，或者推理过头(止于后果)，这就是所谓的干扰项。因果项原则启示我们：
假如四个选项中有两项互为同一事物推理过程中的因果关系，那么正确答案就是两个因果项中的其中之一。如
果因项可产生几个结果，那么答案就是因；如果果项可以对应几个原因，那么答案就是果。
解题方法：原文定位法。
查读法：(1)带着问题找答案，把注意力集中在与who, what, when, where问题有关的细节上。
(2)细心!
3. 词义猜测型
阅读理解的测试中经常有猜测词、短语、习语、句子意义的题目，近几年高考阅读中词义猜测题的考查方
法呈多样化，其中根据上下文语境推测词义将会越来越多。有时短文中出现一个需猜测其意义的词或短语，后
文接着会出现其定义、解释或例子，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。
除此之外，我们还可以根据转折或对比关系进行判断：根据上下句的连接词，如 but，however，otherwise
等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义来确定另一句的含义。另外，分号(；)也可以表示
转折、对比或不相干的意义。还可以根据因果关系进行判断。俗话说，＂有因必有果，有果必有因＂。根据原
因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。当然了，这些词、短语、习语要么是生词，要么是熟词新义，单
靠平时积累是不够的，还要掌握以下做题技巧。
(1)根据构词法(转化、合成、派生)进行判断。
(2)根据文中的定义、事例、解释猜生词。用事例或解释猜生词；用重复解释的信息猜生词。
(3)根据上下文的指代关系进行选择。文章中的代词 it，that，he，him或them可以指上文提到的人或物，
其中it和that还可以指一件事。
(4)根据转折或对比关系进行判断。根据上下句的连接词如 but，however，otherwise等可以看到前后句在
意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。
(5)根据因果关系进行判断。俗话说，＂有因必有果，有果必有因＂。根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也
可以找出原因。
(6)根据同位关系进行判断。阅读中有时出现新词、难词，后面跟着一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释。
(7)利用标点符号和提示词猜测词义。分号还可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义；破折号表示解释说明。
常见的问题形式有：
(1)The word ＂…＂ in Line … means/can be best replaced by …
(2)As used in the passage, the phrase ＂…＂ suggests…
(3)From the passage, we can infer that the word/phrase /the sentence ＂…＂ is/refers to /means…
(4)The word ＂…＂ is closest in meaning to …
常用应对方法：
同义法：常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or，它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此
可以推测词义。
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反义法：如hot and cold, give and receive等，或前句为肯定，后句为否定。总之，互为反义的词与词间
都起着互为线索的作用。
释义法：对文章中的生词用定语(从句)、表语，甚至用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明。
此外，还有情景推断法、代词替代法等。
做题要领
(1)从文中找线索或信息词；
(2)根据熟悉的词及词义判断新词的意思；
(3)根据上下文判断新词在特定句中的确切意思。
(4)要特别注意熟词新意！
4. 推理判断型
做题要领：既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章的隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文
章细节的发展作出正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度考虑而不是固守自己的看法。常见的命题方式有：
(1)The passage implies (暗示) that _________.
(2)We can conclude (得出结论) from the passage that _________.
(3)Which of the following can be inferred (推论)?
(4)What is the tone (语气) of the author?
(5)What is the purpose (目的) of this passage?
(6)The passage is intended to _________.
(7)Where would this passage most probably appear?
（一）
（2025·安徽合肥·一模）Do you have a brother or sister? Do you have to share a bedroom with him or her?
In fact, sharing a bedroom may influence your relationships.
Sharing a bedroom with your brother or sister has good sides. For one, it helps you get a good night’s
sleep. If you’re afraid of the dark, you’ll fall asleep more easily with someone else in the room. The same is true if
you don’t like being alone. For another, you can develop many important skills. You learn how to give and take so
that nobody gets selfish. You also learn how to solve your own problems. These skills can help you create a peaceful
environment and a better relationship with your brother or sister.
However, sharing a bedroom with your brother or sister has bad sides. It may influence your sleep. If you’re
a light sleeper, the noises he or she makes may keep you awake. The same thing happens if he or she can’t sleep
without a night light on. Also, when you share a room, you don’t have your own space because there is always
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someone else here. You may feel uncomfortable when being alone. What’s worse, you also cannot learn to be
independent.
As you can see, there are both good and bad sides about sharing a bedroom. So, talk with your family to
see which way works better for you and your brother or sister!
1．What may keep you awake if you are a light sleeper?
A．Enough personal space. B．A bright night light.
C．The darkness in your bedroom. D．A peaceful environment.
2．What is the writer’s suggestion on sharing a bedroom?
A．Try not to make noises when sharing a bedroom. B．You’d better share a bedroom with others earlier.
C．Talk with your family about sharing a bedroom. D．You should learn how to be independent at home.
3．Which of the following shows the structure of the text?
A． B． C． D．
【参考答案】1．B 2．C 3．A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了与兄弟姐妹共享卧室的利与弊，并给出了相关建议。
1．细节理解题。 根据文章第三段“If you’re a light sleeper, the noises he or she makes may keep you awake. The
same thing happens if he or she can’t sleep without a night light on.”可知，浅睡者可能会因为夜灯而睡不着。故
选B。
2．细节理解题。 根据文章最后一段“So, talk with your family to see which way works better for you and your
brother or sister!”可知，作者建议与家人讨论共享卧室的问题。故选C。
3．篇章结构题。 文章结构为：首先提出共享卧室的现象，接着分别讨论其好处和坏处，最后给出建议。这种
结构符合选项A的图示（先提出主题，再分别讨论正反两面，最后总结）。故选A。
（二）（2025·江苏扬州·一模）
①AI is used in many ways to make our lives better. For example, AI-powered robots can help doctors
perform surgeries with more precision. AI can also help teachers by giving special lessons to students based on
their learning speed and style. In our homes, smart speakers and home assistants can control lights, play music,
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and even tell us the weather.
②However, when it comes to disinformation (虚假信息), “Social media took the cost of spreading to zero,
and AI takes the cost to zero,” says Rence DiResta of the Stanford Internet Observatory. Large language models
such as GPT-4 make it easy to produce misleading news articles or social-media posts in a huge number.
③And AI can produce more than text. Cloning (克隆) a voice using AI used to require minutes, or even hours,
of sample audio. Last year, however, researchers at Microsoft created VALL-E, an AI model that is able to clone a
person’s voice from just a three-second clip (片段) of them speaking, and make it say any given text.
④OpenAI, the American company behind GPT-4, has developed a similar tool, Voice Engine, which can
clone any voice from a 15-second clip and no one can find the difference. It has not yet released (发布) to public,
because of its possible risks to the society.
⑤Similarly, Sora, from Open AI, can produce surprisingly realistic videos of up to a minute according to the
given text. Open AI has not released Sora to the public, partly because it could be used to create disinformation.
Another worry is that many people will lose their jobs in the video industry because of Sora.
⑥Though all of this is worrying, it is worth remembering that not all parts of the technology are bad.
. Anyway, it’s time to think about how we use AL We need to make sure it’s used responsibly and for the good of
everyone. Plus, who knows? Maybe one day, you could be the one creating the next big thing in AI!
4．How does the writer lead in the topic in the beginning?
A．By telling a story. B．By asking questions.
C．By giving examples. D．By comparing facts.
5．Which sentence is closest to the writer’s attitude (态度) towards AI?
A．AI is very useful in our daily life.
B．Voice Engine and Sora are the most useful AI.
C．Although there may be problems, the future of the AI is still bright.
D．People should take good use of AI no matter it is good or bad.
6．Which of the following can be put into ______ in the last paragraph?
A．AI is only good for fighting disinformation.
B．AI can’t be used for producing disinformation.
C．AI, in fact, can be used to fight disinformation and produce it too.
D．AI has nothing to do with disinformation.
7．What can we know about Voice Engine according to the passage?
A．It’s a tool that can clone any voice. B．It is produced before GPT-4.
C．It can also produce videos of one minute. D．It won’t cause any risk to the society.
【参考答案】4．C 5．C 6．C 7．A
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【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了人工智能的优势，以及存在的一些弊端，并点评了其发展前景。
4．细节理解题。根据“AI is used in many ways to make our lives better. For example, AI-powered robots can
help doctors perform surgeries with more precision. AI can also help teachers by giving special lessons to
students based on their learning speed and style.”可知，第一段通过举例开始介绍文章主题。故选C。
5．观点态度题。根据“Though all of this is worrying, it is worth remembering that not all parts of the technology
are bad.”以及“Anyway, it’s time to think about how we use AL”可知，作者认为尽管可能存在问题，但人工智能
的未来仍然是光明的。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据“Though all of this is worrying, it is worth remembering that not all parts of the technology
are bad.”及“Anyway, it’s time to think about how we use AL”可知，并非所有技术部分都是坏的，应该思考如何
负责任地使用AI。结合全文讨论AI既能生成虚假信息，也能用于积极场景，所以最佳选项应为C“AI既能用于
制造虚假信息，也能对抗它”。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据“OpenAI, the American company behind GPT-4, has developed a similar tool, Voice
Engine, which can clone any voice from a 15-second clip and no one can find the difference.”，可知，这是一个
可以克隆任何声音的工具。故选A。
（三）
（2025·湖北荆州·一模）The world is full of screens. They are on TVs, computers and smartphones. Screens
are at school, at home, and just about everywhere in between. The time people spend every day looking at screens
is known as “screen time”. Most families have rules about how much time children can spend with screens. Why do
they have rules? Are there good reasons to limit screen time?
In many ways, screens are helpful for communication and connecting with other people. Social media (社
交媒体) and video calls allow people to be always in touch with one another. Screen time can also help people
build new relationships. By sharing and commenting on videos, photos, games or music, people can meet others
who have similar interests.
However, some adults are worried that young people spend too much time on screens and not enough time
meeting people in real life. As a result, they may not properly understand feelings or develop strong
relationships.
Many kinds of screen time may be good for students. Students may use screen time to develop their skills in
creating music or videos. They may even learn skills such as coding (编程) computer programs. When students use
their screen time to do research online, they may meet people who are different from them or ideas they have
never thought about before.
However, some researchers think that screens change how the brain processes information. Some have
linked (连接) screen time to lower test scores or less attention time.
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In the future, scientists will continue studying the effects of screen time. Parents will likely continue to make
rules limiting screen time. Plenty of good things can come from all this screen time, but it’s a good idea for people
to pay attention to how much time in a day they spend looking at a screen. They should know how screen time
influences their health, relationships, and learning.
8．How does the writer start the text?
A．By explaining the facts. B．By telling a story.
C．By listing numbers. D．By comparing differences.
9．Which group of screen-time activities would “coding” belong to?
A．Social media. B．Learning Skills.
C．Playing Games D．Researching online.
10．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Teachers. B．Researchers. C．Young people. D．Some adults.
11．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
A． B． C． D．
12．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．What Is Screen Time? B．Screen Time and Learning.
C．Screen Time: Good or Bad? D．Screen Time and Social Life.
【参考答案】8．A 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．C
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了屏幕时间对人们社交和学习的影响。
8．细节理解题。根据“The world is full of screens. They are on TVs, computers and smartphones. Screens are at
school, at home, and just about everywhere in between.”可知，文章通过讲述屏幕在生活中普遍存在这一事实来
开始的。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据“They may even learn skills such as coding (编程) computer programs.”可知，编程属于学
习技能。故选B。
10．词义猜测题。根据“some adults are worried that young people spend too much time on screens and not
enough time meeting people in real life. As a result, they may not properly understand feelings or develop strong
relationships.”可知，一些成年人担心年轻人花太多时间在屏幕上，没有足够的时间在现实生活中与人见面。因
此，他们可能无法正确理解情感或建立牢固的关系。they指代前文的“年轻人”。故选C。
11．篇章结构题。第一段是总写，介绍屏幕时间；第二和三段介绍屏幕时间对人们社交的影响；第四和五段介
绍学生学习的影响；第六段总写，人们应该知道屏幕时间如何影响他们的健康、人际关系和学习。故选D。
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12．最佳标题题。本文主要讨论了屏幕时间的利与弊，既提到了其益处，也提到了其潜在问题，因此C选项“屏
幕时间：好还是坏？”为最佳标题。故选C。
（四）
（2025·甘肃平凉·一模）Doing housework is a valuable skill for later life when you move out and live on your
own with friends or with your own family. Here are some tips to help keep your room clean and tidy.
①________
Instead of a never-ending list of things to do, set a timer (计时器) for 5 or 10 minutes and work until it goes
off. Small tasks seem much easier than big projects which go on and on.
②________
Play some music, get on a call with a friend, have the TV on in the background. It helps make housework less
boring, and you may want to do it again!
③________
Repeat the same action, such as making the bed daily and cleaning the floor every two days, over and over.
With time, these habits become a part of your day or week. It may take you some time to form good cleaning
habits but keep going and finally you may see and feel the benefit.
Find the best time of day
When it’s difficult enough for you to get out of bed in time for school, adding in more tasks in the morning
would make you feel down in the first place. Find the best time of day that suits you to do your chores.
Make sure everything has a home
Keep everything separate and easy to put away. If everything has a “home”—a place to keep your items
when they are not in use, your room will stay tidy. Some examples of items that need a “home” could be arts and
crafts (手工工艺) supplies, computers, and books.
I hope you found these tips useful to keep your room clean and tidy. It’s certainly something that takes time
and perseverance (坚持不懈) and probably won't happen overnight but the results are well worth it.
阅读以上材料，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。
13．What does the author suggest people do about doing housework?
A．Do it with your families or friends. B．Find ways to make it an easier task.
C．Spend little time doing it in general. D．Record how much time you spend on it.
14．Match the title with each part.
a. Make the bed daily b. Live with fewer items c. Work in short periods of time
d. Repeat developing good habits e. Make tidying and cleaning fun
A．①-b, ②e, ③-d B．①-b, ②-c, ③-a C．①-c, ②-e, ③-d D．①-c, ②-e, ③-a
15．What is the best time for students to do chores according to the passage?
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A．On weekends. B．In the morning
C．Right after school. D．Based on the personal situation.
16．Which of the following helps keep a room tidy according to the passage?
A．Not putting things away. B．Keeping everything in one space.
C．Putting items in place after using them. D．Leaving things lying around in the room.
17．What might the author think of doing housework?
A．It is no easy task. B．Nobody actually likes it.
C．It is not a task but a habit. D．There is no time limit to it.
【答案】13．B 14．C 15．D 16．C 17．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了做家务是一种重要的生活技能，并且给出了一些做家务的建议。
13．细节理解题。根据“Instead of a never-ending list of things to do, set a timer (计时器) for 5 or 10 minutes
and work until it goes off. Small tasks seem much easier than big projects which go on and on.”以及建议通过设
置定时器、听音乐等方式让家务更轻松，可知，作者建议人们找到方法使家务成为更易完成的任务。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据“Instead of a never-ending list of things to do, set a timer (计时器) for 5 or 10 minutes
and work until it goes off.”可知， 部分描述“用计时器短时间集中完成家务”，对应标题c“Work in short periods
of time”；根据“Play some music, ①get on a call with a friend, have the TV on in the background.”可知， 部分建
议“通过音乐或通话让家务有趣”，对应标题e“Make tidying and cleaning fun”；根据“Repeat the same ②action,
such as making the bed daily and cleaning the floor every two days, over and over.”可知， 部分强调“重复动作
形成习惯”，对应标题d“Repeat developing good habits”。故选C。 ③
15．细节理解题。根据“Find the best time of day that suits you to do your chores”可知，作者明确建议根据个人
情况选择最佳时间。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据“Make sure everything has a home...put away”可知，强调物品使用后归位以保持整洁。
故选C。
17．观点态度题。根据“It’s certainly something that takes time and perseverance (坚持不懈) and probably won't
happen overnight but the results are well worth it.”可知，作者认为做家务需要持续努力，但是并不容易。故选
A。
（五）
（2025·四川绵阳·一模）In today’s world, AI teachers are becoming more common in schools. Some people
think they are great, while others worry about their influence. Let’s explore the role of AI in education and see if we
can think critically (批判性地) about it.
AI teachers can do many things that human teachers can’t. For example, they can work for 24 hours a day
without getting tired. This means they can provide extra help to students whenever they need it. Imagine a student
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who needs to practice math late at night, an AI teacher can be there to help!
How can AI teachers provide personalized learning? They can change their teaching style to match each
student’s needs. If a student learns better with pictures, the AI can show more pictures. If a student needs more
practice, the AI can give more exercises.
Some people worry that AI teachers might replace human teachers. But the truth is, AI teachers and human
teachers can work together. For example, in rural schools, where there may not be enough teachers, AI can help
solve the problem. It can teach subjects that are hard to find teachers for, like foreign languages or advanced
math.
However, we must remember that AI teachers are just tools. They can’t replace the warmth and care of a
human teacher. A human teacher can understand a student’s feelings and help them in ways that AI can’t.
In conclusion, AI teachers can be both a friend and a foe. It depends on how we use them. If we use them
wisely, they can help students learn better. If we don’t, they might cause more problems than they solve.
18．What is the main advantage of AI teachers mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A．They can teach many subjects. B．They can teach in rural schools.
C．They can work all day and night. D．They can replace human teachers.
19．How does the writer explain his idea in Paragraph 4?
A．Telling a story. B．Giving an example.
C．Listing numbers. D．Making comparisons.
20．Which statement would the writer probably agree with?
A．AI teachers can hardly help students learn better.
B．AI teachers can replace human teachers completely.
C．AI teachers can work together with human teachers.
D．AI teachers can teach in places where there are enough teachers.
21．What is the purpose of the example about rural schools?
A．To show that AI teachers can teach any subject.
B．To show that AI teachers are better than human teachers.
C．To show that AI teachers can only teach in rural schools.
D．To explain how AI teachers can help where there are not enough teachers.
22．What is the writer’s attitude toward AI teachers?
A．Excited. B．Worried. C．Neutral (中立的). D．Interested.
【参考答案】18．C 19．B 20．C 21．D 22．C
【语篇解读】本文主要是介绍AI教师在教育中的角色，既可以是朋友，又可以是敌人，这取决于我们如何使用
它们。
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18．细节理解题。根据“For example, they can work for 24 hours a day without getting tired.”可知，AI教师可以
24小时工作而不疲倦，故选C。
19．细节理解题。根据“But the truth is, AI teachers and human teachers can work together. For example, in rural
schools,”可知，作者通过举例子来说明AI教师的作用，故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据“But the truth is, AI teachers and human teachers can work together.”可知，AI教师和人
类老师可以一起协同工作，故选C。
21．细节理解题。根据“For example, in rural schools, where there may not be enough teachers, AI can help
solve the problem.”可知，用农村学校为例，说明AI教师可以解决“教师资源不足”的问题，故选D。
22．观点态度题。根据“Let’s explore the role of AI in education and see if we can think critically (批判性地)
about it.”和“In conclusion, AI teachers can be both a friend and a foe. It depends on how we use them.”可知，作
者认为要批判性地看待AI教师，是朋友还是敌人取决于我们如何使用它们。作者应是保持了中立，故选C。
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