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专题 01 单项选择
近三年来，中考英语单项选择题作为考查学生英语语法、词汇及基础语言运用能力的重要题型，其题
考情分
型结构和分值分布相对稳定。随着教育改革的深入，部分地区已经取消了单项选择题，增加阅读篇
析
幅，以强化英语的综合运用能力。然而，在部分地区，单项选择题仍然是中考英语的重要组成部分。
中考英语单项选择题的考点主要涵盖以下几个方面：
1. 语法：包括时态、语态、非谓语动词、主谓一致、从句（如宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句）
考点分
等。
布
2. 词汇辨析：涉及名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连词等词类的词义辨析及固定短语搭配。
3. 语境理解：要求学生在特定语境中选择最合适的词汇或表达方式。
1. 题型结构：单项选择题通常以四选一的形式出现，有的省以三选一的形式，要求学生从给定的选项
考法与 中选择最符合题意的答案。
比重 2. 分值比重：在中考英语试卷中，单项选择题的分值比重因地区和年份而异，但通常占据一定比例，
如10-15分左右。
1. 基础性与综合性并重：单项选择题既考查学生的基础知识掌握情况，又注重知识的综合运用能
命题规 力。
律 2. 情境化：越来越多的单项选择题开始融入真实的生活情境，考查学生在实际语境中运用英语的能
力。
1. 夯实语法基础：系统复习时态、语态、非谓语动词等语法知识，掌握其基本概念和用法。
2. 扩大词汇量：注重词汇的积累，特别名词、动词、形容词、副词等词类的词义辨析及固定短语搭
备考建
配。
议
3. 多做真题模拟：熟悉中考英语单项选择题的题型和命题规律，通过做真题和模拟题进行针对性训
练。
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1．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）Stay away from the river. Look at the sign! It says, “________.”
A．No shouting B．No parking C．No swimming D．No littering
2．（2024·北京·中考真题）— Lily, your new schoolbag is pretty. ________ did you buy it?
— In a store near my home.
A．How B．Where C．Why D．When
3．（2023·上海·中考真题）Kevin wrote two articles on AI technology last year. ________ of them have been
published.
A．All B．Both C．None D．Either
4．（2024·湖北武汉·中考真题）My neighborhood is very ________ because it’s near the shopping center and the
bus station.
A．smart B．peaceful C．friendly D．convenient
5．（2024·天津·中考真题）We feel ________ to win the match because we are training hard.
A．lonely B．sorry C．confident D．strange
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命题特点
单项选择题的命题范围虽然涉及语法，词汇，习惯用法，句型，交际用语等诸多方面，题目设计比较灵活，
覆盖面广，但大多数题目都源于课本即命题者多以课本上的语言点为蓝本，然后精心编制考题，研究近几年各
地的中考英语试题。可以清楚地发现，单项选择题一改过去单纯考语法知识的传统，考察范围和命题方法有了
一些新的变化，分析起来主要有以下特点：
1. 注重在情景对话场合中考查语言知识
许多题目是由对话构成题干，使语言知识的考查更灵活，更生活化。
例－Hi, Diana,how was your summer holiday?
- I enjoyed myself at the seaside very much.
A. Good idea B. Wait a minute C. That's too bad D. Pretty good！
解析 句意：－嗨，Diana,你的暑假过得如何？－相当好！我在海边玩得很开心。本题考查情景交际。A:好
主意；B:等一会儿；C:那太糟糕了；D:很好。根据句意可知选D项。
2.题目重视语境的创设
答题时，必须首先吃透语境，把握题干的全部信息，进行合理的推断，并从词法、句法和习惯用法等角度进
行全方位的考虑。
例－My brother and I will go to the library tomorrow..
--- .Shall we go together?
A. So I do B. So do I C. So will I D. So I will
解析 句意：－我哥哥和我明天要去图书馆。－我也要去。我们一起去好吗？在肯定结构中，当前面所述之
事也同样适用于其他的人或物时，用“so+助动词／be动词／情态动词＋主语”。因“明天去图书馆”一事也
适用于后者，从结构上可排除选项A和D;因“去图书馆”这一动作发生的时间是明天，所以用一般将来时。故
选C项。
3.一题多考，试题的综合性增强
很多题目看起来是一个小题，但同时考查两个或两个以上的知识点；有些题目虽然只有一个空格，但涉及多
个考点。
例I don't know if it tomorrow. If it ，I won't go.
A.will rain;rains B.will rain;will rain C.rains;rains D.rains;will rain
解析 这里考查了if引导宾语从句和条件状语从句的不同用法。第一句中的if引导的是宾语从句，由于该从句
的时间状语是tomorrow,因此宾语从句需要用一般将来时；第二句中if引导的是条件状语从句，因主句是一般将
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来时，状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来的意义。答案A
4.选项的干扰性明显增强
例－What would you do the broken eggs?
－I would ask my parents to pay for them me.
A. about;to B.for;to C.like;to D.with;for
解析 如果对do with用法不熟悉或受汉语的影响，第一个空容易用for,do with 为固定短语，意为“处理”；第
二个空可能受pay for them的影响，以为不可再用for,而用to,这样便误选B
了。本题答语的意思是“我会让我父母替我来赔的”。答案D
解题技巧
要做好单项选择题，首先必须熟练掌握固定句型、固定搭配、习惯用法、语法等方面的基础知识。还应该
了解一些解题技，提高解题的综合能力。解答单项选择题，一般要经过四个阶段：阅读审题－观察分析－选择
判断－复查验证。
1.阅读审题
首先要默读试题中的英语句子，了解空格处在句中所处的位置，句子缺少什么成分，初步确定答案的选择
范围，然后再结合备选项就会大致明白考查什么。
2.观察分析
这是一个快速而又严密的思维过程。要求将试题中所提供的条件和备选项的情况结合起来去分析、推理，
排除那些明显不符合题意，甚至本身就有错的备选项，再在剩余的备选项中比较分析。
3.选择判断
在分析句子和备选项的基础上，经过反复验证，选出一个使句子语法正确、句意通顺、符合逻辑的答案。
4. 复查验证
将所选答案放在句中空格处再默读全句。首先看是否通顺，再在语法、句意和逻辑关系上推敲一下，完全符
合条件则可放心。
解题策略
策略一、直接法
即直接利用相关语法知识，从备选项中直接选出正确答案。无论是什么性质的英语测试，选择填空题都有
一部分对基础知识进行考查的题目，有时通过题干中的已供信息，仅看题干就可以捕捉到解题线索，便能知道
正确答案是什么。对于这样的题目，应眼疾手快，一眼看准，立即去选，以便节省出更多的时间去做其他难题。
例：—— Will you come to the net bars(网吧)with me?
—— Sorry. My mother always tells me______ there.
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A. not go B. go C. not to go D. to go
策略二、排除法
如果通读完题干，弄清题意之后，感到四个备选项似是而非，举棋不定，这时不妨采取“逐个排除”的方
法。将所给四个选项一一放到空白处，经过分析，将所有的干扰项筛选掉，剩下的一个选项即为正确答案。
例He does his homework much than he did two years ago.
A.careful B.more careful C.carefully D.more carefully
解析 设空处位于主句的状语位置，只能修饰动词does,又因为后面的从句用than引导，是比较状语从句，
所以应当选择副词比较级。A和B分别为形容词原级和比较级应排除：C是副词的原级，也排除。故正确答案
为D.
策略三、瞻前顾后法
瞻前顾后法实际上是借助语境来解题的一种方法。这个方法要求在答题之前搞明白Tiga的意思，然后根据
上下文之间的关系，捕捉暗示的信息，从而得出正确答案。
例 We have to finish the work now, _?
A.don't we B.haven't we C.have we D.do we
解析句意：我们现在必须完成这项工作，对吗？本题考查反意疑问句。按照“前肯定，后否定；前否定，后肯
定”的原则，可排除C、D两项；这里的have不是助动词，故反意疑问部分用don't,故选A项。
策略四、推理判断法
有些题目从语法上看答案可能不止一个，甚至全部选项都正确，但是填入不正确的选项后句意不符合逻辑，
通过逻辑推理才能将其排除。
例－Can you play the guitar?
－Sorry. I can sing some English songs.
A. And B. But C. Or D. For
解析 句意：－你会弹吉他吗？－对不起。但是我会唱些英文歌曲。本题考查并列连词词义辨析。and和，又；
but但是；or或者，否则；for因为。根据Sorry可知“我”不会弹吉他，又根据空后“我会唱一些英文歌曲”可
知，空前后为转折关系。故选B.
例2We are tired. Let's stop and have a rest.
A.to working B.work C.to work D.working
解析stop doing 表示停止做某事，不继续做某事；stop to do 表示暂停以便去做某事。单纯从语法角度考虑，
C、D两项都对，但C项不符合逻辑，与后面的have a rest是矛盾的。正确答案为D.
策略五、分析对比法
运用所学的语法和词汇知识，仔细分析比较四个选项，最后选择正确答案。这种方法一般用来解决那些
比较困难的题目。
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例You will not go there; I'll go
A. Neither B.too C.either D.also
解析 所给的四个单词是同义词或反义词，要通过比较他们的用法才能得出正确答案also用在行为动词之前，
排除D.其他三个虽然用在句末，但B和C都与句意不符。因此，只有A才是正确答案。答案 A
策略六、固定搭配法
有些题目考查固定搭配和习惯用法。做这类题目应摆脱汉语习惯的干扰，选出正确答案例
exciting news it is!
A.What B. What an C. How D. How an
解析 句意：这是多么令人激动的消息啊！本题考查感叹句。本句考查感叹句句型：“What(+a/an)+adj. +n. +主
语＋谓语！”题干中的news是不可数名词，故选A项。
例2-You aren't a student,are you?－No, I
例3- A.am B.am not C.was D.wasn't
解析 由于时态和前面的反意疑问句不一致，C和D都不可能是正确答案。如果选A,则不符合英语表达习惯。
按照英语习惯，回答反意疑问句时前后必须一致，即前面答“no”，后面必须跟否定形式。因此，正确答案应该
是B.
策略七、合理推算法
有的选择填空题涉及简单的数学知识，所给的四个答案从语法上看都是对的，要选出这种题的正确答案需
要进行推算。
例Mike is seventeen. Jack is three years older than Mike and two years younger than Toby.
Toby is
A. eighteen B.nineteen C.twenty-two D.sixteen
解析： 迈克17岁，杰克比迈克大三岁，所以杰克就应该是20岁，而杰克比托比小两岁，所以托比22岁了。
经过这样推算，就知道C是正确答案了。
策略八、基本常识
有的选择题涉及政治、历史、地理、天文、生活风俗等方面的常识，做这种选择题时，要借助自己所掌握的
有关常识才能选出正确答案。
例It was very when I spent my Christmas holiday in Sydney.
A.Cold B.hot C.cool D.warm
解析 大家都知道，圣诞节在12月25日，在我们中国，圣诞节所在的季节是一年中最寒冷的季节，但Sydney
是澳大利亚的一个城市，那里的气候和中国的气候正好相反。所以，该句的正确答案应该是B.
策略九、学会划关键词
许多题目中都有这样一些词，它们对于快速而准确地判定答案起着至关重要的作用。我们称这些词为关键
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词。找到句中的关键词，也就找到了解题的突破口。
例He hardly hurt himself in the accident, ？
A.doesn't he B.didn't he C.did he D.does he
解析 该题中 hardly与hurt是关键词。凡陈述部分含有hardly,never,little,few等表否定意义的词时，反意疑问
部分用肯定形式；又由主语He可判断此处hurt为过去式，故答案选C.
2 The woman is the most important in my life is my mother.
A.which B.who C.whom D.what
解析句意：我生命中最重要的女人是我的妈妈。本题考查定语从句。先行词为woman,关系词指人且在从句中作
主语，故答案为B项。
策略十、情景交际法
就是按照英语交际的习惯、风俗对试题中所给出的选项作出恰当的判断。由于英汉两种语言受不同文化背
景的影响，其语言表达习惯必然有差别。因此，在做题时要克服汉语思维的干扰，尽量提高英语学习的效率及
选择的准确性。
例1-Do you mind if I turn on the TV?
-- .My father is sleeping.
A. Better not B. Not at all C. No, I don't mind D. That's all right
解析 句意：－你介意我打开电视吗？－最好不要（打开），我父亲在睡觉。本题考查情景交际。根据“My
father is sleeping. ”可以判断选项A正确。
Better not 相当于“You had better not turn on the TV. ".答案 A
例2-I'm going to spend my summer holiday in Hawaii.
－What a lucky guy! And don't forget to send me a postcard.
A. That sounds good! B. Have a nice time! C. Good luck! D. Can I go with you?
解析 由题干可知该题考查交际用语。第一句话表明说话人要去度假，显然对方应该祝愿说话人“玩得愉快”，
故答案为B.
第一组
1．At the interview, you are supposed to give a short ________ about yourself.
A．invention B．invitation C．information D．introduction
2．—I can’t find my pen. Has ______ seen it?
—I haven’t. Maybe you should ask Sarah.
A．anyone B．someone C．everyone D．no one
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3．It is cloudy today and I can’t see anything ________ from the plane.
A．down B．under C．below D．between
4．—This restaurant has the ________ food in town.
—Oh! No wonder so many people are waiting outside.
A．better B．best C．worse D．worst
5．—Does my question sound polite enough?
—I don’t think so. You can ask ________ by using “could” instead of “cam”.
A．impolitely B．more impolitely C．politely D．more politely
6．When the summer holiday comes, theme parks like Disneyland usually ______ their ticket prices.
A．rise B．raise C．improve D．add
7．—David, what do you think of the Battle at Lake Changjin?
—I like this movie. It is ________ touching ________ educational.
A．either ; or B．neither ; nor C．not only ; but also D．not ; but
8．—How do you ________ the old clothes, Maria?
—To protect the environment, I always make shopping bags out of them.
A．give away B．part with C．deal with D．take away
9．The old man prefers to ________ at home rather than ________ to have a picnic.
A．staying；going B．stay；going
C．stay；go D．staying；go
10．—Who is ringing the doorbell? ______ it be the delivery man?
—It ______ be him. I placed an order on Meituan just two minutes ago.
A．Can, can’t B．May, mustn’t C．Can, mustn’t D．May, can’t
11．Read these books, ________ you’ ll get to know more about Chinese tea culture.
A．and B．or C．but D．though
12．—Did you hear that Zhang Weili beat Suarez in UFC?
—________ exciting news it is!
A．What B．How C．What an D．How an
13．— He’s hardly late for school as a middle school student.
— _______.
A．So is his cousinB．So has his cousin C．Neither is his cousinD．Neither has his cousin
14．We ________ a great increase in the use of renewable energy in the past five years.
A．have seen B．saw C．had seen D．will see
15．When I passed by the music room, Tina ________ the song Auld Lang Syne for the coming school-leavers’ party.
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A．has practised B．will practise C．was practising D．is practising
16．Look at the beautiful building over there. It _______ last year.
A．builds B．built C．was built D．is built
17．My teacher often advises us ________ more English books after class.
A．read B．reads C．reading D．to read
18．—Can you tell me ________?
—Sure, Grandma! It’s easy and you’ll learn in no time.
A．why I can buy things online B．how I can buy things online
C．why can I buy things online D．how can I buy things online
19．—How is Mary getting on with her lessons?
—She will fail the exam ________ she studies harder.
A．after B．unless C．until D．when
20．—John, I rang you up last night but nobody answered.
—Oh, I together with my parents ________ a walk in the park then.
A．have taken B．was taking C．were taking D．took
第二组
1．To develop local cultural tourism, our city government has started several new ________ for visitors.
A．materials B．passports C．activities D．tools
2．—Shall I come to the hospital for my heart trouble on Thursday or on Friday, Dr. Smith?
—_________. I’m at work these days.
A．Either B．Both C．Neither D．None
3．They walked ______ several villages before finally arriving at the campsite, where someone played some electronic
music for them to dance ______.
A．across, to B．through, with C．across, with D．through, to
4．—Wow, Li Ming, your notebook looks special. Can I have a look?
—No, I’m sorry. I wrote something ______ in it.
A．perfect B．practical C．pleasant D．private
5．—It’s reported that the top speed of China’s high-speed railway can reach 450 kilometers per hour.
—Yes. It’s so amazing that many people ________ believed it at first.
A．hardly B．differently C．quickly D．patiently
6．—Have scientists ______ any new planets recently?
—Yes, they have found several in the past year.
A．showed B．discovered C．provided D．changed
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7．It’s so noisy that I ________ hear a word of what you are saying.
A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t
8．They ________ a tent and had a good night in the mountain.
A．put off B．put away C．put down D．put up
9．—________ is it from Nanjing to Beijing?
—It is about four hours’ ride by high-speed train.
A．How long B．How far C．How soon D．How often
10．Please ________ make any noise in the library. It will disturb others.
A．don’t B．not to C．not D．won’t
11．_________ useful it is to learn new words by watching English videos.
A．What a B．What C．How D．What an
12．—I will never know which team will win the World Cup until the end.
—________. It is full of mysteries.
A．So I will. B．So will I C．Neither I will. D．Neither will I
13．—There ________ a science festival next month in our school.
—Really? I believe we can see some interesting robot shows.
A．is going to haveB．is going to be C．are going to be D．will have
14．—I wonder if you ________ fishing with me this weekend.
—I will go with you if I ________ nothing more important.
A．will go; will have B．go; have C．go; will have D．will go; have
15．Many old buildings ________ well because they are China’s national treasures.
A．is protected B．protect C．be protected D．should be protected
16．If you are a fan of trains, the National Railway Museum is a great place .
A．to visit B．visit C．visiting D．to visiting
17．—Tom, do you know ________? An engineer.
—That’s interesting. I guess you often fix things for others in your school.
A．what do my classmates call me B．what my classmates call me
C．why do my classmates call me D．how my classmates call me
18．________ it was not my first time to go hiking, I had trouble rushing down the mountain.
A．Because B．If C．Although D．While
19．My teacher offered ______ valuable advice that ______ students in our class disagree.
A．such; a few B．such a; a few C．such a; few D．such; few
20．—Do you know the boy ________ is sitting next to Peter?
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—Yes. He is Peter’s friend. They are celebrating his ________ birthday.
A．who, ninth B．that, the nineth C．/, nineth D．which, ninth
第三组
1．—My parents always go for a walk after dinner unless it rains or snows.
—What a healthy ________! No wonder they always seem to be energetic.
A．result B．decision C．promise D．habit
2．Our English teacher not only teaches ________ English but also is a friend of ________.
A．our; us B．our; ours C．us; us D．us; ours
3．Please bring Mr. Green to the welcome party ________ telling him so that he can be surprised.
A．by B．from C．without D．for
4．—Everything was expensive in that shop. I bought this toy car. It was 350 yuan.
—You are lucky. I saw a same one in a shop window. And the price was ________.
A．higher B．lower C．lowest D．highest
5．Now it’s easy to pay when shopping. You ______ need a smart phone with you!
A．truly B．mostly C．simply D．gradually
6．AI technology can ________ us a lot of help in many ways, like helping students with their studies and making our
homes smarter.
A．guard B．offer C．produce D．cost
7．Harry ________ the potatoes, making it easier to put them into the blender.
A．cut off B．cut up C．cut into D．cut down
8．Maria can hardly speak English,________ ?
A．can she B．can’t Maria C．can’t she D．can Maria
9．Follow the safety instructions, ________ you could end up in a dangerous situation.
A．or B．and C．so D．but
10．________ honest boy he is! He never tells a lie.
A．What a B．What C．How D．What an
11．—Only in this way ________ our task in such a short time.
—Yes. Let’s try our best to do it well.
A．we can finish B．we can be finished
C．can we finish D．can we be finished
12．Sometimes Tom with his parents ________ TV after dinner, but now they ________ books.
A．is watching; read B．watch; are reading
C．watches; are reading D．watches; read
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13．—Where is your brother now, Tom?
—He ________ the flowers in the back garden.
A．watered B．waters C．water D．is watering
14．—Will you go to Sandy’s birthday party?
—I’m not sure. I won’t go there unless ________.
A．I will be invited B．I’m invited
C．I was invited D．I have been invited
15．It is getting more difficult ________ tickets for some popular singers’ concerts.
A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．bought
16．—Your stamps are so fantastic. Could you please tell me ________?
—Oh, I bought them in the post office next to the bank.
A．why you bought them B．why did you buy them
C．where did you buy them D．where you bought them
17．Mum has been working in this school since she ________ from university in 2000.
A．graduates B．has graduated C．had graduated D．graduated
18．—Which one can I take?
—You can take both of them ________ you like them.
A．as long as B．as often as C．as much as D．as soon as
19．As a film fan, I hope I can make a film _________ can make people think deeply.
A．where B．which C．when D．who
20．In our school library, there ________ a number of books on science and the number of them ________ growing
larger and larger.
A．is; is B．are; are C．is; are D．are; is
第四组
1．—I don’t know how to make the model plane which I bought from the supermarket.
—Don’t worry. Just follow the ______ .
A．information B．instruction C．instrument D．introduction
2．—Are those books ________?
—No, they are not mine. They belong to ________.
A．yours; her B．you; her C．yours; hers D．you; hers
3．—How do you feel about the achievements made by our country?
—Oh, I take great pride ______ them and I’m really proud ______ being a Chinese.
A．of; for B．in; of C．of; in D．for; of
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4．After the terrible earthquake, the rescue team worked day and night to check if people were still ________ under the
buildings.
A．awake B．alone C．alive D．asleep
5．QR codes (二维码) are ________ used for payment now, which is convenient for everyone.
A．widely B．carefully C．quickly D．bravely
6．—Can you guess what Anna is doing now?
—I ________ she is listening to music at home.
A．remember B．agree C．suggest D．suppose
7．The war between Russia and Ukraine ________ on February 24, 2022.
A．worked out B．cut out C．broke out D．gave out
8．Jack ______ lunch at school. He ______ lunch at home.
A．don’t have; haveB．doesn’t have; has C．don’t have; has D．doesn’t have; have
9．—How do you get to school, by bus or on foot?
—________. I think walking is good exercise.
A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．By bus D．On foot
10．Tom, put on your warm clothes, ________ you may have a cold.
A．and B．but C．or D．so
11．________ exciting the football match is!
A．How a B．What an C．What a D．How
12．—David has made great progress recently. — , and .
A．So he has; so you have B．So he has; so have you
C．So has he; so have you D．So has he; so you have
13．His grandpa ________ two years ago. So he has been ________ for two years.
A．dead; died B．died; death C．died; dead D．dead; dead
14．—You said that you didn’t break my glasses. How can you prove it?
—I was not here. I _________ books in the library with Linda at that moment.
A．will read B．have read C．was reading D．is reading
15．—When shall we stop to have dinner?
— As soon as our work _______.
A．will complete B．will be completed C．completes D．is completed
16．— What should I do, Doctor Zhang?
— ________ slim, you should take more exercise.
A．Keep B．Keeping C．To keep D．Keeps
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17．—Do you know ________ yesterday?
—I have no idea.
A．why is Mr. Wang late for work B．why Mr. Wang has been late for work
C．why will Mr. Wang be late for work D．why Mr. Wang was late for work
18．________ it rains tomorrow, we will have the party indoors.
A．If B．When C．Because D．While
19．—Who is the middle-aged man with sunglasses in the corner?
—He is a personal friend ________ I’ve known for many years.
A．which B．whose C．whom D．when
20．In order to get a bright future, we teenagers should ______ study hard ______ keep in good health.
A．not only; but also B．either; or C．neither, norD．not; but
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