文档内容
关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
专题 11 主从复合句(宾语从句、定语从句及状语从句)
1. 宾语从句:引导词(that、if/whether、特殊疑问词 )、语序(陈述句语序)及时态
(主现从随,主过从过,客观真理用一般现在时)。
2. 定语从句:关系代词(that、which、who、whom、whose )和关系副词(when、
考点分布
where、why )的选择,先行词与关系词的对应。
考情 3. 状语从句:时间(when、while等)、条件(if、unless )、原因(because、since
分析 等)、让步(though、although等)等各类状语从句的引导词及用法。
题型分布 主要出现在单项选择、完形填空、语法填空、词语运用和短文填词等题型中。
考法与 比重约占5 - 8分。考法是设置语境,要求考生根据逻辑和语法规则,选出正确引导词、
比重 关系词,或判断从句时态、语序等是否正确。
语境化 通过生活、学习等实际情境,考查从句在具体语境中的运用。
命题 综合化 常与其他语法知识,如时态、语态结合,或多种从句混合考查。
规律 高频化 每年必考,是语法考查重点。
生活化 句子内容涉及日常活动、校园生活、社会现象等,贴近考生生活。
1关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
考点一 宾语从句
1.(2024·江苏连云港·中考真题)—John, can you tell me _________ in the future?
—I want to be a football player.
A.what will you do B.where will you go
C.what you will do D.where you will go
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——约翰,你能告诉我你将来要做什么吗?——我想成为一名足球运动员。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除AB;根据“I want to be a football player.”可知此处询问职业,
用what引导宾语从句。故选C。
2.(2024·江苏南通·中考真题)—Mrs Lin. I’m new here. Could you please tell me ________?
—Sure. It has a long history and looks attractive.
A.what Nantong Museum is like B.how far the Haohe River is
C.how I can get to Binjiang Park D.what I can see in the Wolf Hill
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——林太太,我是新来的。你能告诉我南通博物馆是什么样子的吗?——当然。它有着悠久的
历史,看起来很有吸引力。
考查宾语从句和情景交际。what Nantong Museum is like南通博物馆是什么样子的;how far the Haohe River is浩
河有多远;how I can get to Binjiang Park我怎么去滨江公园;what I can see in the Wolf Hill我在狼山看到了什么。
根据“Sure. It has a long history and looks attractive.”以及选项可知,此处应是询问南通博物馆是什么样子,选项A
符合。故选A。
3.(2024·四川自贡·中考真题)My teacher told us that May 18th ________ the International Museum Day.
A.is B.was C.be
【答案】A
【详解】句意:老师告诉我们5月18日是国际博物馆日。
考查宾语从句时态。that后接的是宾语从句,从句陈述的是客观事实,所以从句用一般现在时,故选A。
4.(2024·吉林长春·模拟预测)The teacher asked the students ________?
A.that they had planted trees B.when was Spud Web born
2关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
C.how they will do with the computers D.if they were interested in animals
【答案】D
【详解】句意:老师问学生们是否对动物感兴趣。
考查宾语从句。根据题干可知,空处为宾语从句,需用陈述语序,排除B选项;主句为一般过去时,从句也应
使用过去时态,排除C选项;ask含有疑问语气,用if“是否”引导宾语从句。故选D。
5.(2024·北京房山·一模)—Could you tell me ________ for the coming holiday?
—Oh, my friends and I plan to visit some famous places along the Silk Road.
A.where are you going B.where did you go C.where you are going D.where you went
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我你要去哪里度假吗?——哦,我和我的朋友计划参观丝绸之路沿线的一些著名
景点。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序,排除AB选项;再根据“my friends and I plan to visit some famous
places along the Silk Road.”可知,事情还未做,时态应用一般将来时。故选C。
宾语从句三要素:连接词、语序和时态。
1.宾语从句的连接词
连接词 作用 例句
that 本身无意义,在从句中不作成分,在口语He said (that)he would go to the
或非正式文体中常省略 seaside.
if/whether 意为“是否”,在从句中不作成分,但不可He asked me whether/if I could help
省略;句末有or not 时只能用whether him.
连 接 代 词 ( what/在从句中作一定的成分,如:主语、宾He asked me whose book it was.
which/ who/ 语、定语等 (作定语)
whose/whom等)
连 接 副 词 ( when/在从句中作状语 Could you tell me where you are
where /why /how等) from?
2.宾语从句的语序
无论主句是什么语序,在宾语从句中,必须用陈述句语序,即“主语+谓语+其他”。但是,当
连接代词本身在宾语从句中充当主语时,则要保持原来的语序,即“连接代词+谓语+其他”。如:
3关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
3.宾语从句的时态
宾语从句的时态应遵循以下三个原则:
类型 含义 例句
需要性原则 主句若是现在时(包括一般现在时、现在进行I remember he gave me a book
时、现在完成时)或将来时,从句时态随句意yesterday.
呼应性原则 主句若是过去时(包括一般过去时、过去进行He told me that he would take part in
时),从句用过去的某种时态(包括一般过去the high jump.
时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)
特殊性原则 若从句表示客观真理或永久性情况,无论主句He told me that the earth revolves
是什么时态,从句都用一般现在时 around the sun.
4.疑问词+不定式
(1)疑问代词what, which 和疑问副词how, when, where等可和动词不定式一起构成不定式短语,
在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。如:
When to go to Beijing hasn't been decided yet.(作主语)
I haven't decided yet when to leave.(作宾语)
The difficulty was how to cross the river.(作表语)
(2)“疑问词+不定式”作宾语时可以转化为宾语从句。如:
We don't know where to go for vacation.=We don't know where we can go for vacation.
5.否定前移
在含有think(认为), believe(相信), suppose(设想), expect(期待)等动词的宾语从句中,
如果从句中的谓语动词要用否定形式,则其否定式要前移,即将主句的谓语动词 think, believe,
suppose, expect等变为否定形式。如:
I think you are not right.→I don't think you are right.
1.—I am wondering ________ you’d like to come to my party tomorrow.
4关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
—I’m afraid I can’t. Because I’m not feeling well these days.
A.how B.why C.when D.whether
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——我在想你是否愿意来参加我明天的聚会。——恐怕不行,因为我这几天不太舒服。
考查宾语从句的引导词。how如何;why为什么;when何时;whether是否。根据“you’d like to come to my party
tomorrow.”及“I’m afraid I can’t.”可知,此处表示“是否愿意”,需用whether引导宾语从句。故选D。
2.—Sam, could you tell me ________?
—Well, follow the instructions carefully.
A.how I can use the new mobile phone B.where I can buy the mobile phone
C.how can I use the new mobile phone D.where can I buy the mobile phone
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——Sam,你能告诉我如何使用新手机吗?——嗯,仔细按照说明。
考查宾语从句。根据“could you tell me...”可知,本句为宾语从句,需陈述语序,故排除选项C和D,根据“follow
the instructions carefully.”可知,仔细按照说明书操作是针对如何使用手机的建议。故选A。
3.—I wonder ________ we can do to protect animals in danger.
—We can raise money and stop killing them.
A.how B.what C.when D.why
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我想知道我们能做什么来保护濒危动物。——我们可以筹集资金然后停止杀害它们。
考查疑问词辨析。how如何;what什么;when什么时候;why为什么。wonder后面是宾语从句,宾语从句中缺
少宾语,然后根据答句可知是做什么来保护濒危动物。故选B。
4.—Could you tell me ________ I can learn Taichi well?
—You can start by taking online courses.
A.where B.what C.how D.when
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我怎样才能学好太极拳吗?——你可以从参加在线课程开始。
考查宾语从句的引导词。where哪里,询问地点;what什么,询问事物;how怎样,询问方式、方法;when什
么时候,询问时间。根据答语“You can start by taking online courses.”可知,这是在说明学习太极拳的方法,所以
问句是询问“怎样”学好太极拳,用how引导宾语从句。故选C。
5.Just now my mom asked me if I ________ shopping with her. If I ________ need to work, I will go with her
tomorrow.
A.go; won’t B.will go; won’t C.would go; don’t D.would go; will
【答案】C
5关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
【详解】句意:刚才我妈妈问我是否愿意和她一起去购物。如果我不需要工作,我明天就和她一起去。
考查宾语从句和条件状语从句的时态。第一空所在句子为if引导的宾语从句,根据“Just now my mom asked me”
可知,主句时态一般过去时,根据“tomorrow”可知,从句应用过去将来时,其谓语结构为would do。第二空所
在句子为if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,从句应用一般现在时。故选C。
6.John promised that he ________ my computer, but he broke his word.
A.will fix B.had fixed C.has fixed D.would fix
【答案】D
【详解】句意:约翰承诺他会修理我的电脑,但他食言了。
考查时态。“John promised”表明主句是一般过去时,在宾语从句中,当主句是一般过去时,从句要用相应的过
去时态。根据“John promised that he…my computer”可知,“修理电脑”这个动作在“promised”这个动作之后,所以
要用过去将来时,其结构为“would+动词原形”,故选D。
7.The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound.
A.travels B.traveled C.would travel D.is traveling
【答案】A
【详解】句意:老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。
考查动词时态。travel是动词,意为“旅行,传播”;宾语从句阐述的是科学事实,故用一般现在时。主语light是
不可数名词,谓语动词用第三人称单数。故选A。
8.—Would you mind telling me if he ________ the meeting in two days?
—He won’t, unless he ________.
A.will attend; is invited B.attends; will be invited C.will attend; invites D.attends;
will invite
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你介意告诉我他两天后是否会参加会议吗?——他不会,除非他被邀请。
考查从句的时态。第一空,根据“Would you mind telling me if he ... the meeting in two days?”可知,此处为if引导
的宾语从句,主句为现在时,从句看语境,根据“in two days”可知,从句时态为一般将来时;第二空,根据“He
won’t, unless he”可知,此处为unless引导的条件状语从句,通常从句用一般现在时表示将来,而主句用将来时,
且此处需被动语态(“被邀请”)。故选A。
9.—Ms. Cai seems familiar with Huocheng in Xinjiang.
—So she does. She was a volunteer teacher there. Can you guess ________?
A.how long she has been there B.how long she was there
C.how long has she been there D.how long was she there
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——蔡女士似乎对新疆的霍城很熟悉。——确实如此。她曾在那里当志愿教师。你能猜出她在
6关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
那里待了多久吗?
考查宾语从句的语序。空格处为宾语从句,需用陈述语序,选项C和D为疑问语序,所以排除。根据“She was a
volunteer teacher there”,可知她过去在新疆支教,现在已离开,因此,询问她“待了多久”需用过去时(how long
she was there),故选B。
10.—The 9th Asian Winter Games opened in Harbin, making the city the center of attention for China’s winter tourists
once again.
—I wonder ________.
A.that the traffic was heavy there B.if it was a big success or not
C.how many medals China achieved D.when did the event begin
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——第九届亚洲冬季运动会在哈尔滨开幕,使这座城市再次成为中国冬季游客的关注中心。
——我想知道中国获得了多少奖牌。
考查宾语从句。that the traffic was heavy there那里的交通很拥挤;if it was a big success or not表述错误;how
many medals China achieved中国获得了多少奖牌;when did the event begin活动什么时候开始的,疑问语序。根
据“I wonder”可知,后面为宾语从句,语序为陈述语序,应想知道关于冬季运动会的情况。故选C。
11.—Can you tell me ________?
—Oh, they’re more useful than the old ones.
A.what do you think of our new textbook B.what you think of our new textbooks
C.where do you find our new textbooks D.where you find our new textbooks
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我你对我们的新课本有什么看法吗? ——哦,它们比旧课本更有用。
考查宾语从句。根据“Can you tell me …”可知,句子为宾语从句,应用陈述语序,排除A和C;又根据答语“Oh,
they’re more useful than the old ones.”可知,它们比旧的更有用,所以此处是询问对新课本的看法,而不是问在哪
里找到新课本,应用what引导宾语从句,排除D。故选B。
12.—Have you decided ________ in the poor area?
—By sending books and school things.
A.how will you help the children
B.how you will help the children
C.what did you do for the children
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你决定如何帮助贫困地区的孩子了吗?——通过送书和学习用品。
考查宾语从句。根据“By sending books and school things.”可知,此处是询问帮助孩子的方式,用疑问词how引导
宾语从句。本句是宾语从句,需用陈述语序。故选B。
7关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
13.At the science museum, the children get to know ______!
A.what is the spaceship like B.what the spaceship looks like
C.how the spaceship looks like D.how does the spaceship look like
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在科学博物馆,孩子们开始了解宇宙飞船是什么样子!
考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序,排除AD;look like看起来像,后应接宾语,what作为这个短语的宾语,
how不可以,故选B。
14.—Excuse me, could you tell me ________?
—In the supermarket.
A.where I can buy this kind of CD player B.where can I buy this kind of CD player
C.if I can buy this kind of CD player D.if can I buy this kind of CD player
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——打扰了,你能告诉我在哪儿能买到这种类型的CD播放器?——在超市。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句中一般为陈述语序,选项BD是疑问语序,故排除;根据答句“In the supermarket”可知,
问句应该是问“地点”,所以用疑问词where,故选A。
15.—What’s your plan for tomorrow?
—I want to go out. But I don’t know ________.
A.where should I go B.how the weather will be
C.which bus should I take D.that the museum is worth a visit
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你明天有什么计划?——我想出去。但我不知道天气会怎样。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句应使用陈述句语序,排除选项A和选项C;根据“What’s your plan for tomorrow”可知,
从句时态应该为将来时,结合“I don’t know”可知,D选项不符合语境。故选B。
考点二 定语从句
1.(2024·内蒙古·中考真题)In difficult times, there are always national heroes ________ step up and bring people
hope.
A.whom B.who C.which D.whose
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在困难时期,总是会有挺身而出、给人们带来希望的国家英雄。
8关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
考查定语从句的关系词。whom先行词为人,在从句中充当宾语;who先行词为人,在从句中充当主语;which
先行词为物;whose先行词为人,在从句中充当定语。此处引导定语从句,修饰先行词heroes,是人;根据先行
词在从句中充当主语,所以用who引导。故选B。
2.(2024·江苏宿迁·三模)The students are reading stories ________ are full of positive energy these days.
A.which B.what C.who D./
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这些天,学生们正在阅读充满正能量的故事。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知,空格处引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词“stories”,并在从句中作主语,故用关系
代词which引导定语从句。故选A。
3.(2024·江苏泰州·二模)—Do you know the song ________ is very popular these days?
—Sure. It is about a girl ________ asked for help with her hoodie (帽衫) on TikTok.
A.that; which B.which; who C.who; which D.who; that
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你知道这些天很流行的那首歌吗?——当然。是关于一个穿着帽衫在抖音上请求帮助的女
孩。
考查定语从句。定语从句中先行词为人时用关系代词that或who;先行词为物时用关系代词that或which。问句
中先行词为the song,所以关系代词用that或which。答语先行词为a girl,所以关系代词that或who。所以B选
项中的符合定语从句对引导词的要求。故选B。
4.(2024·广东珠海·模拟预测)I like to visit a place ___________ history is long.
A.which B.whose C.that D.where
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我喜欢参观历史悠久的地方。
考查定语从句。which用来指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;whose用来指人或物,作定语;that先行词是物,在
从句中作主语或宾语;where是关系副词,在从句中指地点。根据“I like to visit a place”以及“history”可知,此处
表示所属关系,即“这个地方的历史”,填关系代词whose。故选B。
5.(2024·安徽蚌埠·模拟预测)Can you lend me the book ________ the other day?
A.about which you talked B.which you talked
C.about that you talked D.that you talked
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你能把你前几天谈到的那本书借给我吗?
考查定语从句。根据“Can you lend me the book …the other day?”及选项可知,此处应是定语从句,固定短语talk
about“谈论”,将介词about提到关系代词之前,构成“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,介词后的关系代词只能
用which或whom。故选A。
9关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。被定
语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。其基本结构为:先行词+关系词+定语从句。如:
beautiful girl who is singing ∧ dancing on the stage
Do you know the ?
先行词 关系词 定语从句
引导定语从句的关系代词有who, that, which, whom, whose和关系副词when, where, why。初中
阶段要求掌握that, which, who引导的定语从句,关系副词在本书中不作讲解。
1.关系代词的用法
先行词 作主语 作宾语 作定语
指人 that/who that/who/whom/省略 whose
指物 that/which that/which/省略 whose
关系词有三个作用:①引导定语从句;②代替先行词;③在定语从句中充当某种成分。
如:The young lady (who/that/whom) we met yesterday is our new Chinese teacher.(关系词在从
句中作宾语)
I like the teachers whose classes are very interesting.(关系词在从句中作定语)
The train which/that has just left is for Lanzhou.(关系词在从句中作主语)
2.使用关系代词的特殊情况
(1)关系代词只能用that的情况
用法 例句
先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰 He was the first person that gave us some
useful advice.
先行词为 all, any, much, many, everything, Is there anything that you want to buy in the
none, the one, little, few等不定代词 shop?
先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last等修It is the only word that I don't know in the
饰 passage.
先行词中同时含有人和物 I can remember well the persons and some
pictures that I saw in the room.
由who或which 引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只Who is the man that is standing over
能用that there?
(2)关系代词只能用which的情况
用法 例句
10关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
当关系词前面有介词,且指物时 The company in which he works is big.
先行词本身是that, those时 Those which are on the desk are English books.
1.I’ve finished reading the first book ________ was written by Yu Hua.
A.which B.who C.what D.that
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我已经读完了余华写的第一本书。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知这是一个定语从句。which指代的先行词是物;who指代的先行词是人;what引
导名词性从句,不用来引导定语从句;that指代的先行词可以是人,也可以是物。先行词book指物,且被the
first修饰,当先行词被the first修饰时,只能用that,不能用which。故选D。
2.—I watched a movie ______ touched me a lot last winter vacation.
—Really? I’d like to know more about it.
A.which B.what C.who D.it
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——去年寒假我看了一部让我很感动的电影。——真的吗?我想了解更多关于这部电影的事。
考查定语从句。which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;what不引导定语从句;who指人,在从句中作主语或宾
语;it它,指示代词,不引导从句。根据“touched me a lot last winter vacation.”可知,定语从句修饰先行词
movie,空处作从句的主语,应用which引导。故选A。
3.We all like to make friends with Nancy. She is a nice girl ________ is always ready to offer help when we are in
need.
A.which B.what C.who D.where
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们都喜欢和南希做朋友。她是个好女孩,当我们需要帮助时,她总是乐于伸出援手。
考查定语从句引导词。which在定语从句中指代物;what不能引导定语从句; who在定语从句中指代人,作主
语或宾语;whom在定语从句中指代人,作宾语。根据“She is a nice girl...is always ready to offer help when we are
in need.”可知,这句话是定语从句;先行词“a nice girl”是人,因此关系代词只能用“who”或“whom”;由“is always
ready to offer help”可知此处缺少主语,因此应选择“who”作为主语。故选C。
4.—Do you know the boy ________ spoken English is excellent?
—Oh, he is Wang Wei, our monitor.
A.who B.whose C.whom D.which
【答案】B
11关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
【详解】句意:——你认识那个口语很好的男孩吗?——哦,他是王伟,我们的班长。
考查定语从句。who谁;whose谁的;whom谁,宾格;which哪一个。根据“the boy… spoken English is
excellent”可知,句子是定语从句,先行词是the boy,关系词在从句中作定语,用whose引导定语从句。故选
B。
5.— Do you know the boy with ________ Ms. Green is talking?
— Oh, that’s Peter. He’s going to make a speech at our graduation party.
A.that B.what C.whom
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你认识格林女士正在谈话的那个男孩吗?——哦,那是彼得。他将在我们的毕业晚会上发
表演讲。
考查定语从句关系词。that关系代词,先行词指人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;what不能引导定语从句;
whom为关系代词,先行词指人,在从句中作宾语;先行词是the boy,指人,在从句中作介词with的宾语,应
用whom引导,故选C。
6.I still remember the middle school and the students ________ I visited in Tibet a few years ago.
A.which B.who C.whom D.that
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我仍然记得几年前我在西藏访问的中学和学生。
考查定语从句。which先行词为物;who先行词为人;whom先行词为人;that先行词既有物又有人。根据“I still
remember the middle school and the students”可知,定语从句的先行词为“the middle school”和“the students”,当先
行词同时包含“人”和“物”时,关系代词需用that,不能用which。故选D。
7.The live concert by Zhang Jie ________ was held in Hohhot on 18th May 2024 drew thousands of fans from other
cities.
A.what B.which C.when D.who
【答案】B
【详解】句意:2024年5月18日在呼和浩特举行的张杰演唱会吸引了来自其他城市的成千上万的粉丝。
考查定语从句。what什么;which哪个;when何时;who谁。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导的是定语从句,
先行词是“The live concert”,指物,在从句中作主语,因此用关系代词“which”引导。故选B。
8.The girl ________ is giving the speech is my best friend—Meimei.
A.which B.who C.what D.whose
【答案】B
【详解】句意:演讲的那个女孩是我最好的朋友——梅梅。
考查定语从句。which指代物,在定语从句中主语或宾语;who指代人,在定语从句中主语或宾语;what什么,
不引导定语从句;whose谁的。此处是定语从句,先行词girl指的是人,定语从句用who,who在定语从句中做
12关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
主语。故选B。
9.I wondered ________ when we were in dangerous situations.
A.whom could we ask for help B.why could we ask for help
C.what we could ask for help D.whom we could ask for help
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我想知道当我们处于危险的情形下时我们能向谁寻求帮助。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句应是陈述句语序,排除AB。由于ask sb. for help“向某人寻求帮助”,所以是疑问词
whom。故选D。
10.—Which is your elder sister over there?
—The girl ________ wears Han Chinese Clothing.
A.who B.which C.when D.whom
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——那边哪个是你姐姐?——那个穿汉服的女孩。
考查定语从句的关系代词。who谁;which哪一个;when什么时候;whom谁,用于宾格。根据“The girl ...
wears Han Chinese Clothing.”可知,先行词为“The girl”,且在句中作主语,需用关系代词who。故选A。
考点三 状语从句
1.(2024·四川泸州·中考真题)You will never truly understand your parents’ great love ______ you grow up.
A.until B.if C.since D.as
【答案】A
【详解】句意:直到你长大,你才会真正理解父母之爱有多伟大。
考查连词辨析。until直到;if如果;since既然;as随着。根据“You will never truly understand your parents’ great
love…you grow up”可知,直到长大才会理解父母的爱,故选A。
2.(2024·江苏常州·中考真题)Practice is very important. You will forget the new words ______ you often use them.
A.when B.unless C.if D.until
【答案】B
【详解】句意:练习是非常重要的。如果你不经常使用生词,你就会忘记它们。
考查连词辨析。when当……时;unless除非;if如果;until直到。根据“You will forget the new words … you often
use them.”可知,除非经常使用,否则会忘记的,故选B。
3.(2024·江苏扬州·中考真题)________ you are too tired to do all the things on your To-Do list, try a To-Don’t list.
A.If B.Until C.Although D.Unless
13关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果你太累了,无法完成待办事项清单上的所有事情,试着列一张勿做事项清单。
考查连词辨析。If如果;Until直到;Although尽管;Unless除非。分析句子可知,此处指如果完成待办事项清
单上的所有事情感到很累,可以列一张“勿做”清单,应用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。
4.(2024·江苏无锡·中考真题)Everyone loves my dog Coffee, ________ he often makes a mess at home.
A.until B.since C.though D.whether
【答案】C
【详解】句意:每个人都喜欢我的狗Coffee,尽管它经常在家里弄得一团糟。
考查连词辨析。until直到;since自从;though尽管;whether是否。分析句子可知,虽然Coffee把家里弄得很
乱,但是每个人都喜欢它,故用though引导让步状语从句。故选C。
5.(2023·江苏南京·一模)Students should attend Labour Courses ________ they can learn some life skills.
A.if B.unless C.so that D.in order to
【答案】C
【详解】句意:学生应该参加劳动课程,以便学习一些生活技能。
考查从属连词辨析。if如果;unless除非;so that以便,后跟句子;in order to为了,后跟动词短语。根据
“Students should attend Labour Courses...they can learn some life skills.”可知,此处指以便学习一些生活技能,后面
是一个完整的句子。故选C。
6.(2024·江苏宿迁·二模)He made _________ great progress that his parents were very pleased.
A.so B.so a C.such D.such a
【答案】C
【详解】句意:他取得了如此大的进步,以至于他的父母非常高兴。
考查such...that用法。so/such...that...“如此……以至于……”,用来引导结果状语从句。so后跟形容词和副词,such
后需要接名词,排除A与B;progress是不可数名词,故选C。
1.初中常见状语从句引导词
(1)引导时间状语从句
连词(短 含义及用法 例句
语)
when “当……时”;引导的从句可以用延续性动He was reading in the library when the rainstorm
词,也可以用短暂性动词 came.
14关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
while “正当……时;正在……时”;引导的从句While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping
中,谓语动词必须是延续性动词,且常用Mary with her homework.
进行时
as “当……时”;表示一件事情正在发生,另Just as I was leaving the house, the phone rang.
一件事情也在进行中
after “在……之后”;表示主句的动作发生在从People will get to know the advantages of your
句的动作之后 product after they use it.
before “在……之前”;表示主句的动作发生在从Turn off the lights before you leave the room.
句的动作之前
until/till “直到……为止”;常用在“not…until…”结构The boy didn't stop running until he reached the
中,表示“直到……才……” finishing line.
since “自……以来”;主句用现在完成时,从句We have been good friends since we entered the
用一般过去时 same high school.
as soon as “一……就……”;引导的从句常用一般现在I will give you a callas soon as I arrive home.
时,主句用一般将来时
whenever “在任何……时候;无论何时”;引导的从Whenever we're in trouble, they'll help us.
句常用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时
(2)引导条件状语从句
连词(短语) 含义及用法 例句
if “如果”;从句用一般现在时,主句通常用If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.
一般将来时
unless “如果不;除非”;unless 可以转化为 if…Unless you get enough sleep every night, you
not…结构。主从句时态与if用法一致 will not remember things well.
as long as “只要”;主从句时态与if用法一致 As long as you tell me the truth, I'll try to help
you.
(3)引导让步状语从句
连词(短语) 含义及用法 例句
though/although “虽然;尽管”;两者可互换使用,都可I can look after myself,although it won't be
以与 yet 连用,不能与 but 连用 easy for me.
even if/even 即使;尽管;虽然 Even if it is rainy today, they still attend the
though football training.
whether “不管”;常用于句型“whether…or not”与Whether or not we're successful, we can be
“whether…or”中 sure that we did our best.
whatever “无论什么”;相当于 no matter what Whatever you want to be, you need to work
hard to achieve it.
whenever “无论何时”;相当于no matter when Whenever I try to read this book, I feel
happy.
15关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
(4)引导原因状语从句
连词 含义及用法 例句
because “因为”;常用来回答由why引导的一般疑I'd like to join the Music Club because I can
问句;不能与so连用 play the piano.
since “因为;既然”;语气比because弱 Since we have already grown up, we cannot
act like little babies.
as “因为;由于”;语气比since弱 As you were out, I left a message.
(5)引导目的状语从句
连词短语 含义及用法 例句
so that “以便……”;后接从句,只能用于句中 They sped up so that/in order that they
could get there on time.
in order that “为了……”;后接从句,可用于句首或句中
(6)引导结果状语从句
连词短语 含义及用法 例句
so…that… so修饰的中心词是形容词或副词,He is so little that he can't dress
结构为“so+adj./adv.+that…”。可与himself.= He is too little to dress
“too…to…”结构互换 himself.
such…that… 如此……以至 such 修饰的中心词是名词, 结构She is such a lovely girl that
于…… 为“such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数everyone around her likes her.=She
+that…” 或 “ such+adj.+ 不 可 数 名is so lovely that everyone around
词/可数名词复数+that…” her likes her.
(7)引导方式状语从句
连词(短语) 含义及用法 例句
as “按照……的方式”;通常置于主句之后 When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
as if/though “似乎,好像”;后面可接陈述句语序或虚Though they met for the first time, they
拟语气 talked as if they were good friends.
2.主句与从句时态一致问题
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句的时态一致一般分为三种情况:
类型 含义 例句
主将从现 主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时If she comes here tomorrow, I will go to the
表将来 park with her.
主祈/情从现 主句是祈使句或主句中含有情态动词,Be quiet when you are in the reading
从句用一般现在时表将来 room.
过去时态 主从句都是在叙述过去发生的事情,则My sister was playing the piano when I got
主从句可以用一般过去时或过去进行时 home yesterday.
16关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
【注意】since引导的时间状语从句,主句一般用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。如:
Our English teacher has worked in this school since she graduated from Peking University.
1.Amy was lost in reading ________ a stranger rushed in. She was quite scared.
A.as soon as B.when C.although D.after
【答案】B
【详解】句意:当一个陌生人冲进来时,Amy正全神贯注地看书。她非常害怕。
考查连词辨析。as soon as一……就……;when当……时;although尽管;after在……之后。分析句子结构可知,空
格前后是两个完整的句子,因此是主从句结构,描述Amy正在看书,有一个陌生人冲进来,空格处表示“当……
时”,应用when引导时间状语从句,表示主句动作正在进行时,另一动作突然发生。故选B。
2.Lucy held her head up like a queen ________ Bill was telling his tale.
A.him B.before C.while D.until
【答案】C
【详解】句意:当比尔讲故事的时候,露茜像女王一样昂起了头。
考查连词辨析。him他,he的宾格;before 在……之前;while 当……的时候;until 直到……。根据句意和逻辑关
系可知,这里应该为while引导的时间状语从句,表示“当Bill讲故事的时候”。故选C。
3.He hasn’t got any hobbies—________ you call watching TV a hobby.
A.though B.till C.unless D.or
【答案】C
【详解】句意:他没有任何爱好——除非你把看电视称为爱好。
考查连词辨析。though尽管;till直到;unless除非;or或者。根据“He hasn’t got any hobbies—...you call
watching TV a hobby”可知,空处所在句子表示一种条件,结合选项,此处应用unless引导条件状语从句,故选
C。
4.—Will China make great progress in space projects?
—I think so ________ we keep working on them.
A.unless B.but C.if D.or
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——中国在太空项目上会取得很大的进步吗?——如果我们继续致力于此,我想会的。
考查连词辨析。unless除非;but但是;if如果;or否则,或者。根据语境可知,空后“we keep working on them”
是“China will make great progress in space projects”的条件,此处应用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。
5.Uncle John goes to work on foot ________ he doesn’t live close to his work place.
17关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
A.while B.though C.since D.if
【答案】B
【详解】句意:约翰叔叔步行上班,尽管他住得离工作地点不近。
考查连词用法。while当……时;though尽管;since自从;if如果,是否。根据空前后关系可知,空处表让步关
系,需though来引导让步状语从句。故选B。
6.—Will you stick to playing football tomorrow?
—Yes, we will keep it ________ it’s cloudy and windy.
A.as long as B.as soon as C.even if
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你们明天会坚持踢足球吗?——是的,即使天气是多云且有风,我们也会坚持踢足球。
考查让步状语从句。as long as只要,引导条件状语从句;as soon as一……就……,引导时间状语从句;even if即
使、尽管,引导让步状语从句。第一句询问明天是否会坚持踢足球,回答是肯定的。后面提到“it’s cloudy and
windy”,这是一种不太好的天气状况,但依然会坚持踢足球,存在让步的关系。“even if”表示即使存在某种不利
情况,也不影响后面行为的发生,符合“即使天气不好也会坚持踢足球”的语境。故选C。
7.We should protect the environment ________ we can live a better life.
A.so that B.even though C.as soon as D.as long as
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们应该保护环境,这样我们才能过上更好的生活。
考查连词辨析。so that为了,以便;even though尽管;as soon as一……就……;as long as只要。保护环境是为了
过上更好的生活,应用so that引导目的状语从句。故选A。
8.She studied very hard ________ she could pass the exam with flying colors.
A.in order that B.as long as C.even though D.now that
【答案】A
【详解】句意:她学习非常努力,以便能够以优异的成绩通过考试。
考查连词。in order that以便;as long as只要;even though即使;now that既然。根据“She studied very hard…she
could pass the exam with flying colors.”可知,她学习努力的目的是为了通过考试。故选A。
9.He is ______ confident ______ he is sure to win this game.
A.too; to B.such a; that C.so; that D.such; that
【答案】C
【详解】句意:他如此自信以至于他确定能赢得这场比赛。
考查词组用法。too... to...“太……而不能……”,to后接动词原形;such a+可数名词单数+that...“如此一个……以至
于……”;so+形容词/副词+that...“如此……以至于……”;such+名词+that...“如此……以至于……”。confident“自信的”是
形容词,“so confident that he is sure to win this game”符合“so...that...”结构的用法。故选C。
18关注公众号:陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取:最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
10.My best friend is ________ a careful girl that she made ________ mistakes in her last exam.
A.so; so little B.so; such little C.such; such few D.such; so few
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我的好朋友是个非常细心的女孩,在上次考试中她几乎没犯什么错误。
考查such...that引导的结果状语从句及few的用法。so+形容词+that从句,表示“如此……以至于……”;such+a/
an+形容词+名词单数+that从句,表示“如此一个……以至于……”。girl是名词单数,用such...that引导结果状语从
句,排除AB;little很少,修饰不可数名词;few很少,修饰可数名词复数,表示否定意义。so few+可数名词复
数,排除C,故选D。
19