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专 题 二
句法知识
语法知语法知识识
第⑩讲 复合句
要点归纳思维导图
考向及母题典例
实用解题口诀
复合句各考向高频考点
考向1 宾语从句
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高频考点1：宾从语序
解题口诀：宾从要用陈述序，引导词后名代跟。
注释：
宾语从句需要使用陈述句语序，在解题过程中，先找到引导词，引导词后紧跟名词(包括a/an/the+名词)或
者代词的就是陈述句语序。
宾语从句的语序
A. I don't know why was Lucy late.×
B.I don't know why Lucy was late.√
C.Do you know where I can meet her?√
D.Do you know where can I meet her?×
E. Could you please tell me when did they learn to dance?×
F. Could you please tell me when they learnt to dance?√
结论：宾从要用陈述序，引导词后名伐跟。
口诀使用典例：
Can you tell me ?
A.where Jim lives B. where does Jim live
C. where is Jim D. where did Jim live
口诀识别
有关宾语从句的题目中，考查从句语序时可以使用此口诀。
口诀解题答案解析
根据口诀“引导词后名代跟”可知，A选项"where Jim lives"符合引导词where后面紧跟名词Jim,故选A。
解题坑点
what's the matter, what's wrong, what's happening,以及who和what作主语时，本身就是陈述句语序，语序不
变。
母题 1
（2023·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）The Youth Ceremony was held successfully! Could you tell me ________?
A．who will be the host of it B．in which hall was it held
C．whose show made you the most excited D．that you were encouraged by the speech
【答案】C
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【详解】句意：青年盛典成功举行！你能告诉我谁的节目让你最兴奋吗？
考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，空格处应为宾语从句，从句应为陈述语序，排除B选项。根据“was held”
可知，事情发生在过去，应为过去时态，排除A选项。“Could you tell me…”是疑问句，D选项由that引
导从句，表陈述语气，故排除。故选C。
高频考点2：宾从时态
解题口诀：主现从不限，主过从必过，真理永一现。
口诀注释：
1.主现从不限：主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。
2.主过从必过：主句是一般过去时，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。
3.真理永一现：当从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实真理时，依然使用一般现在时。
宾语从句的时态
She says that she works from Monday to Friday.
She says that she will work at home tomorrow.
She said that she worked as a teacher in 2018.
She said that the earth moves around the sun.
结论：主现从不限，主过从必过，真理永一现。
口诀使用典例：
Mr. Black said that he_____in a small company.
A.works B.worked C.is working D.work
口诀识别
在有关宾语从句的题目中，考查从句时态时可以使用此口诀。
口诀解题答案解析
根据题干中的动词said可知，主句使用的是一般过去时，由大招“主过从必过”可知，从句必须用过去的
时态，故选B。
解题坑点
宾语从句和状语从句都包含引导词if。
1.在宾语从句中，if翻译为“是否",它引导的从句符合大招"主现从不限，主过从必过，真理永一现"。
2.在状语从句中，if翻译为“如果”,它引导的从句符合“主将从现”原则。
母题 2
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（2023·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）Hey, Aunt Jenny! It’s you! I didn’t expect you ________ over. What a nice
surprise!
A．had come B．have come C．would come D．will come
【答案】C
【详解】句意：嘿，珍妮阿姨！是你！我没想到你会过来。多么惊喜啊！
考查动词时态。由“didn’t expect”可知，主句时态是一般过去时，则从句也应为过去时态。“来”的动作
发生在将来，应为将来时，故空格处为过去将来时，结构是would do。故选C。
考向2 定语从句
高频考点3：定从关系词
解题口诀：
名代之后跟定从，先定所属用whose。不是whose用that,没有that定人物，物用which人用who,从句完整
用关副。
口诀注释
在选择关系代词时，按照大招用如下顺序做题：
1.先看空前先行词和空后词的关系，如果两个词符合“所属关系”,也就是“谁的什么",则选择whose。
2.如果不是所属关系，那么选项中如果有that直接选择that。
3.如果没有that,就观察先行词，先行词是物选which,先行词是人选who。
4.从句结构完整时，选用关系副词：
(1)如果先行词表示时间，则用when。
(2)如果先行词表示地点，则用where。
(3)如果先行词是reason,则用why。
定从关系词
1.The book cover has a beautiful picture is Lily's.
A. which B.who C.that D,whose
2. I still remember all the stories __my grandma told me.
A.what B.who C.that D.whose
3.Mulan is a brave girl takes her father's place to fight in the army.
A. Whom B.whose C.which D.who
4. I'll never forget the place we visited together last year.
A. which B.what C. who D.whom
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5. Yuan Longping is a hero ______is known for developinhybrid rice(杂交水稻).
A. Which B.whom C. what D.that
结论：名代之后跟定从，先定所属用 whose;不是whose用that,没有that定人、物；物用which人用who,
从句完整用关副。
口诀使用典例
Lily is an American girl father is a doctor.
A.that B. which C. whom D. whose
口诀识别
当考查定语从句中的关系代词"whose / that / which / who /whom"或关系副词"when /where/why"的区别时，使
用本口诀。
口诀解题答案解析
根据大招并分析本题可知，空前的先行词girl和空后的father符合所属关系，也就是“女孩的爸爸"、应用
关系代词whose,故选D。
解题坑点
在考查关系代词"whose /that/which/who/whom"的题目中，whom用于先行词是人，且在从句中作宾语的情
况，但在考试中考查较少，故在此处了解即可。
母题 3
（2023·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me in
my life.
A．which B．whose C．whom D．who
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我将记住在我的生活中帮助和支持我的重要的人。
考查定语从句。which哪一个；whose谁的；whom谁；who谁。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先
行词people是指人，在从句中作主语，用关系词who引导定语从句，故选D。
高频考点4：that最高兴
解题口诀：数风流人物，唯一that最高兴。
口诀注释
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关系代词只用that的情况
数：前有序数词
He was the second student that finished the homework,
人物：先行既指人也指物
Jack took photos of the things and people that he was interested in
.唯一：the only、the very
Basketball is the only thing that interests him.
最：前有最高级
I have found the best way that could finish the test.
兴(thing):先行词是指物的不定代词(something、anything、nothing等)
Have you taken down everything that Mr. Liu has said?
结论： 数 风流人物，唯一that最高兴。
When Robinson Crusoe got to the island, the first thing _______he did was to look for some food.
A.who B.that C.which D.whom
关系代词用that,不用which的情况：
(1)当先行词前有序数词；(2)先行词既有人也有物；(3)先行词前有the only、the very;(4)先行词前有最高级；
(5)先行词是指物的不定代词(something、anything、nothing等)。
口诀使用典例
When Robinson Crusoe got to the island, the first thing __________he did was to look for some food.
A.who B.that C.which D. whom
口诀识别
在考查定语从句的题目中，需要区分which和that时，可以使用本口诀。
口诀解题答案解析
根据题干中的the first thing可知，此处符合只用that不用which的情况，故选B。
解题坑点
当先行词前面有all/no/little/few/any等修饰时，也只能用关系代词that。
母题 4
（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）—The Lifelong Journey is one of the most touching books ________ I have
ever read.
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—Yeah, the book is fantastic and I am looking forward to ________ it again.
A．that, reading B．which, to read C．that, to read
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——《人世间》是我读过的最感人的书之一。——是的，这本书很棒，我期待着再读一遍。
考查定语从句和非谓语动词。第一处是定语从句，有最高级修饰先行词，只能用that，排除B；look
forward to doing sth“期待做某事”。故选A。
考向3 状语从句
高频考点5：主将从现
口诀适用对象：时间状语从句和条件状语从句
解题口诀：：
我(when)爱(as soon as,as long as)你(not… until, if)哟(unless)就现在，剩余部分用将来。
口诀注释：W--我 A--爱 N--你 U(由）--哟
主将从现
He will call me when he arrives (arrive) in Shanghai.当…时候
I will tell him the news as soon as he comes(come) back.一...就…
You will achieve your dream as long as you work(work) hard.只要
I won't go home until the rain stops(stop).直到…才
If it rains(rain) tomorrow, we will stay at home.如果
You will miss the train unless you get (get) up early.除非
结论：我(when)爱(as soon as,as long as)你(not… until, if)哟(unless)就现在，剩余部分用将来。
口诀使用典例
He'll send us a message as soon as he____in Sichuan.
A.is arriving B.will arrive C.arrived D.arrives
口诀识别
在状语从句考题中，考查when,as soon as, as long as, not. until,if, unless前后句子的时态时，可以用此大招解
题。
口诀解题答案解析
根据大招“我(when)爱(as soon as, as long as)你(not.. until, if)哟(unless)就现在，剩余部分用将来”可知，as
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soon as后面用一般现在时，故选D。
解题坑点
1.在一般现在时中，注意动词第三人称单数形式的转变。
2.when后面也可跟一般过去时、过去进行时等时态，需要根据具体语境分析。
母题 5
（2022·黑龙江·统考中考真题）—I don’t know when Susan ________.
—Don’t worry. When she ________, I will tell you.
A．comes; will come B．will come; comes C．come; comes
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我不知道苏珊什么时候来。——不用担心。她来的时候，我会告诉你的。
考查复合从句。空一是宾语从句，表示“不知道Susan什么时候来”，用一般将来时；空二是when引导的
时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，空处需用一般现在时。故选B。
高频考点6： to接动原，that接句
口诀适用对象：目的状语从句
解题口诀：：to接动原，that接句。
目的状语从句
1.定义：用来说明主句发生目的的状语从句。
2.引导词：in order that / so that(为了......)
3.坑点辨析： in order to PK in order that
He gets up early every morning in order that he can get to school on time.
He gets up early every morning in order to get to school on time.
I study English very hard in order to go abroad one day.
I study English very hard in order that I will go abroad one da y
结论：to接动原，that接句
口诀使用典例：
—Did Peter do very well in the sports meeting?—Yes. He ran very fast__________he could catch up with others.
A.so that B.in order to C. so as to D.in order
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口诀识别
在目的状语从句中，区分引导词so that /so as to和in order that /in order to时，用此口诀解题。
口诀解题答案解析
题干中的"he could catch up with others"为完整句子，根据大招“to接动原，that接句”可知，此处应用so
that,故选A。
解题坑点
解题过程中、选项中会出现"such that"这样的干扰项，请注意排除。
母题 6
（2021·四川遂宁·统考中考真题）Our headmaster asks us to watch news every day ________ we can find out
what’s going on around the world.
A．so that B．even though C．in order to D．instead of
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我们的校长要求我们每天看新闻，这样我们就可以了解世界各地的情况。
考查连词。so that为了；even though尽管；in order to为了，后接短语或单词；instead of代替；“we can
find out what’s going on around the world.”是前句的目的，且空格后是句子，应用so that引导目的状语从句，
故选A。
高频考点7：名词such形副so
口诀适用对象：结果状语从句
解题口诀：名词such形副so。
(若两空中间是名词性成分，则选择such.that;若两空中间仅有形容词或者副词，则选择so...that。)
结果状语从句
引导词 太…以至于…/如此…以至于…
so... that... so+形容词/副词+ that从句
such...that... such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句
such+形容词+可数名词复数+that从句
such+形容词+不可数名词+that从句
This movie is so interesting that I'd like to see it again.
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It is such an interesting movie that I'd like to see it again.
They are such interesting movies that I'd like to see them again.
It is such nice weather that I want to sing.
结论：名词such形副so。
解题坑点：
多多少少还是so
little一词有多解
小用such少用so
1)当名词前有many,much,few,little等表示“多多少少”时，用so。
2)当名词前有little:①“少”用so;②“小”用such。
There are so(so/such)many factories that we can't get fresh air.
I have so/such) much work to do that I can't go out with you.
He has so (so/such) little time that he can't finish it on time.
He is such (so/such) a little boy that he can't take care of himself.
口诀使用典例
That was_______a great show______all of us enjoyed it very much.
A.so; that B. so; as to C. such; that D. such; as to
口诀识别
题目中需要对so.. that和such. that进行区分时可以使用此大招解题
口诀解题答案解析
题干中两空中间的a great show为名词性短语，根据大招“名词such”可知应用such. that,
故选C。
解题坑点
1.在使用such..that时，注意观察名词的单复数，如果为可数名词单数，则使用“such a/an.that"。
2.如果名词前有多(many)多(much)少(little)少(few)修饰，依然选择so..that。例如：He has so much money that
he can buy whatever he wants.
母题 7
（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）The city Zibo is ________ popular ________ many people want to go there for a
trip this year.
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A．so, that B．such, that C．too, to D．very, that
【答案】A
【详解】句意：淄博一个如此受欢迎的城市以至于今年许多人想去那里旅行。
考查主从复合句。so...that如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句，so后面用形容词或副词；such...that
如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句，such后面用名词；too...to...太……而不能……， to后面用动词
原形：very...that形式错误，没有这种用法。根据形容词“popular”和从句“many people want to go there for
a trip this year”可知此句需用so+形容词原形+that引导的结果状语从句。故选A。
高频考点8：原因状语从句
解题口诀：必胜啊
必(because)胜(since)啊(as)有原因，因为所以二选一。(because和so不连用)
口诀注释：
B---必 S---胜 A--啊
because,since,as都可以表示原因，because（因为）和so（所以）不能连用，只能二选一用一个。
原因状从三大引导词：
because(因为)/since(既然)/as(由于))
1.We didn't go to school because the weather was so bad.
2. Since everyone is here,let's begin.
3.As it is cold outside, you'd better wear a coat.
结论：必(because)胜(since)啊(as)有原因，因为所以二选一(because和so不连用)。
解题坑点：
because和because of辨析
1.because +句子
2.because of+名词/名词短语
1.We didn't go to school because it rained heavily,
2.We didn't go to school because of the heavy rain.
结论：必(because)胜(since)啊(as)有原因，因为所以二选一(because和so不连用)。
it was raining,______we stayed at home.
A. Because; so B. Because;/ C.Because; for D.If; so
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口诀使用典例：
_______it was raining,________we stayed at home.
A.Because; so B.Because;/ C.Because; for D.If; so
口诀识别
题目中考查because和SO的用法时，用此大招解题。
口诀解题解析
根据大招“因为所以二选一”可知，because和so不能同时出现在同一句话中，故选B。
解题坑点
注意区分原因状语从句中的because和because of的区别，because后加句子，because of后加单词或者短语。
母题 8
（2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）We would like to buy electric cars ________ they produce less air pollution.
A．because B．so C．though D．but
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我们想买电动汽车，因为它们产生的空气污染更少。
考查连词辨析。because因为；so因此；though尽管；but但是。上文“想买电动汽车”和下文“电动汽车
产生较少空气污染”之间是因果关系，前者是结果，后者表原因，故用because连接。故选A。
名校新优子题高分必刷
一、单项选择
名校新优子题必刷 1
（2023·福建泉州·统考三模）—What nice small gifts!
—So they are. They are for those ________ made progress in the exam last week.
A．that B．who C．which
名校新优子题必刷 2
（2023·福建泉州·统考三模）—Ms.Jackson wonders ________ just now.
—AI may be a threat for humans in the future.
A．what did they talk about
B．why they talk about it
C．what they talked about
名校新优子题必刷 3
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（2023·福建三明·统考三模）China’s first AI textbook ________ is for primary and high school students was
introduced to the public in 2019.
A．who B．that C．what
名校新优子题必刷 4
（2023·新疆乌鲁木齐·乌市一中校考模拟预测）Mr Green wanted to know ________.
A．if Sam finishes his homework
B．when the game would start
C．how tall is Gina
D．where the students are going
名校新优子题必刷 5
（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考三模）—My best friend won’t go abroad ________ he can get his
parents’ company (陪伴).
—He is right. Traveling alone isn’t safe enough abroad.
A．as soon as B．if C．unless
名校新优子题必刷 6
（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考三模）—Could you tell me ________?
—It hasn’t been decided yet.
A．when we will hold the graduation ceremony
B．how long will the graduation ceremony last
C．where the graduation ceremony was held
名校新优子题必刷 7
（2023·福建·校联考三模）—Our study trip is coming next Wednesday. Do you know ________?
—On the Sunshine Farm.
A．where we will hold it B．when will it begin C．why it will be held
名校新优子题必刷 8
（2023·江苏宿迁·统考二模）Sometimes Daniel needs someone to share his worries with, but he doesn’t know
________.
A．what should he talk to B．who he should talk to
C．where should he talk to D．when he should talk to
名校新优子题必刷 9
（2023·福建·校联考三模）—What kind of movie do you like?
—I like the movie ________ has a happy ending.
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A．what B．who C．which
名校新优子题必刷 10
（2023·湖南湘西·统考二模）The Wandering Earth II (流浪地球2) tells us a story about ________.
A．how people tried to save the earth
B．how did people try to save the earth
C．how do people try to save the earth
名校新优子题必刷 11
（2023·湖南湘西·统考二模）Lisa is ________ clever ________ she can work out the difficult math problem.
A．too; to B．so; that C．such; that
名校新优子题必刷 12
（2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆实验外国语学校校考三模）—Why did David call you?
—He asked __________.
A．what did Mary do last night
B．that he made progress in the exam
C．where he can buy snacks and drinks
D．how he was going to prepare for the party
名校新优子题必刷 13
（2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆实验外国语学校校考三模）John’s friends kept silent ________ he entered the room.
They shouted and gave him a big surprise.
A．so B．whether C．but D．until
名校新优子题必刷 14
（2023·江苏淮安·校考一模）—I wonder if John ________ next year’s talent show.
—I have no idea. But I think if he ________ his class project, he will.
A．joins; finishes B．joins in; will finish
C．takes part in; finishes D．will take part in; finishes
名校新优子题必刷 15
（2023·福建厦门·厦门一中校考三模）________ the 3D movie is over, we still felt unwilling to leave the
cinema. We all enjoyed the movie.
A．Unless B．Because C．Although
名校新优子题必刷 16
（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考三模）I failed to see the newest movie Full River Red(《满江红》) this week
_________ there was no ticket available.
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A．if B．although C．because
名校新优子题必刷 17
（2023·上海崇明·统考二模）Linda didn’t go to the concert last night ________ she had lots of work to do.
A．because B．while C．unless D．if
名校新优子题必刷 18
（2023·福建福州·统考模拟预测）Why not listen to the teacher carefully ________ you can do your homework
easily after class?
A．so that B．such that C．in order to
名校新优子题必刷 19
（2023·安徽安庆·安庆市第二中学校考三模）To encourage people to come to the city, Zibo set up a special
“barbecue（烧烤）map”and added 21 new barbecue bus lines ________ people can “get on the bus to rest, get off
to eat.”
A．even though B．although C．since D．so that
名校新优子题必刷 20
（2023·四川广元·统考模拟预测）It is ________ fine weather that we all want to go to the park.
A．so B．such C．such a D．a so
二、完成句子
名校新优子题必刷 21
（2023·新疆乌鲁木齐·乌市一中校考模拟预测）《流浪地球2》拍得太好了，我都看了两遍了。
The Wandering Earth 2 is great I have seen it twice.
名校新优子题必刷 22
（2023·重庆北碚·西南大学附中校考三模）Candy是一个如此聪明的女孩，她能在几分钟内解决一道数学
难题。（完成译句）
Candy is a smart girl she can solve a difficult math problem in a few minutes.
名校新优子题必刷 23
（2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆实验外国语学校校考一模）我们应该努力学好英语，以便能向全世界讲述中国故
事。（完成译句）
We should try to learn English well we can tell the stories of China to the whole world.
名校新优子题必刷 24
（2023·重庆南岸·重庆市第十一中学校校考一模）如果明天不下雨，我们就去野炊。（完成译句）
We’ll go for a picnic it .
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名校新优子题必刷 25
（2023·湖北襄阳·襄阳四中校考二模）凯特想知道她是否能为科学日做些事。
Kate wondered she do something for the Science Day.
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