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专题 10 名词性从句（原卷版）
知识点梳理
Part 1：
1. 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句的基本用法；
2. 易混引导词的辨析；
3. 名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的区分。
知识点1 基本用法
what, which, who, whose, whom, 有词义，在从句中担任主语、表
连接代词
whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever 语、宾语、或定语等成分
how, when, where, why, however,
连接副词 有词义，在从句中担任状语成分
whenever, wherever
除that外均有词义，在从句中不
从属连词 that, whether, if
担任成分，只起连接作用
知识点2 主语从句
1. 引导词
在复合句中充当主句主语的从句叫作主语从句。主语从句的常见引导词有：
(1)从属连词： that, whether, if
(2)连接代词：what, which, who, whose, whom, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever
(3)连接副词：how, when, where, why, however, whenever, wherever
2. it作形式主语
在通常情况下，that引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语，而将that从句置于句尾。用it作形式
主语通常有以下四种句型：
(1)It＋be＋形容词＋从句：
It is necessary that... 有必要……
It is important that... 重要的是……
It is obvious that... 很明显……
(2)It＋be＋过去分词＋从句：
It is believed that... 人们相信……
It is known to all that... 众所周知……
It has been decided that... 已决定……
(3)It＋be＋名词(短语)＋从句：It is common knowledge that... ……是常识
It is a surprise that... 令人惊奇的是……
It is a fact that... 事实是……
(4)It＋不及物动词/动词短语＋从句：
It appears that... 似乎……
It happens that... 碰巧……
It occurs to sb. that... 某人突然想起……
It doesn’t matter whether... ……没有关系
知识点3 宾语从句
介词+wh-类连接词引导的 His father is worried about whether he would lose his
宾语从句 work.
Have you heard anything beyond that he is ill?
besides/beyond/but/except/that
(除了) Criticism and self-criticism is necessary but that it helps
us correct our mistakes.
find,feel,think,consider,mak
I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water
e,believe等+it+宾语补足语+that
every day.
引导的宾语从句
hate,enjoy,like,love,dislike,s
I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food.
ee to等+it+宾语从句
形容词+宾语从句 I’m sure that they can make it.
知识点4 表语从句
1. 引导词
在复合句中充当表语的从句叫作表语从句，可接表语从句的连系动词有be, seem, look, sound,
taste, feel, remain, appear等。表语从句的常见引导词有：
(1)从属连词： that, whether
(2)连接代词： what, which, who, whose, whom, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever
(3)连接副词： how, when, where, why
2. 几种特殊的表语从句
(1) as if/though 引导的表语从句
此类表语从句常出现在seem, look, sound, taste, feel, appear等连系动词后，从句可用陈述语气，
也可用虚拟语气。
It sounds as if you are from Canada.
It seemed as if she had heard the news.(2) because和why引导的表语从句
此类表语从句常用于以下句型：
this/that is why... 这/那是……的原因
this/that is because... 这/那是因为……
注意：主句主语是reason时，表语从句一般由that引导，而不用because或why。
The accident that happened yesterday was because the driver had been drunk.
The reason for yesterday’s accident is that the driver was drunk.
知识点5 同位语从句
同位语从句一般用that引导,但根据语境的不同,也可以用其他
引导词
的连接代词和连接副词。引导同位语从句的that不能省略
The news that our women volleyball team had won the
championship encouraged us all greatly.
例句
The question where we shall have a meeting hasn’t been decided.
知识点6 连词whether和if在名词性从句中的使用
1. 用whether或if均可的情况
(1) whether可引导各种名词性从句。引导大部分动词后的宾语从句时，两者均可。
(2) it作形式主语，且主语从句在句末时，两者均可引导主语从句。
It hasn’t been decided whether/if we shall study abroad.
2. 用whether而不用if的情况
(1)主语从句和宾语从句置于句首
Whether we will go camping depends on the weather.
Whether he will succeed, I can’t say.
(2)引导表语从句和同位语从句
The question is whether we can get in touch with him.
He must answer the question whether he will attend the meeting.
(3)引导介词的宾语从句
Everything depends on whether we have free time.
(4)引导词与or not连用
He doesn’t know whether or not he is going to stay.
(5)引导词后接to do
They needed more time to consider whether to hold a meeting.
(6)有些动词如discuss, decide等后的宾语从句We discussed whether we should hold a meeting.
(7)避免用if引导产生歧义
Let me know whether you are coming to our party.
Part 2：高考真题精选
1（2022新高考II卷）“I don't know ___________ to thank him.”
2（2022年浙江1月）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak
______ she could do so remotely.
3.（2021.6新高考1卷）
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatle's song "The Long and Winding
Road". 1 is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
4（2021 新课标 I 卷）_____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world
scenes.
5（2021 年北京卷）The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ________ she
lived．
6（2021年天津卷）It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be.
A. when B. where C. what D. whether
7.（2021.3 天津卷）What puzzles Lily's friends is she always has so many crazy ideas.
A. whether B. why C. what D. when
8. （2020江苏高考真题）It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
A. whether B. why C. when D. where
9. （2020天津高考真题）The student completed this experiment to make come true __________Professor Joseph had said.
A. that B. what C. when D. where
10. （2020浙江高考真题）Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on 57 could be
hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
11（2020年浙江卷）Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on ______ could be hunted or
gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
12（2020年北京卷）Oliver says if you're lucky enough to have someone close to you who enjoys
cooking, ask them __________you can join in when it's possible.
13 （2020·江苏卷）It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
A. whether B. why C. when D. where
14（2020·天津卷）The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor
Joseph had said.
A. that B. what C. when D. where
15.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】25.Scientists have obtained more evidence ___________ plastic is finding
its way into the human body.
A. what B. that C. which D. where
16.【2019·新课标I卷·语法填空】While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range
all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
17.【2019·北京卷·语法填空】What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they
go.
18.【2018·北京】11. Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.
A. how B. when C. where D. why
19（2018新课标III卷）I'm not sure __________ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
20.【2018·北京】15. This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for
the best.
A. how B. which C. that D. what
21.【2018·天津】9. The gold medal will be awarded ___________to wins the first place in the bicycle
race.
A. whomever B. wherever C. whoever D. whatever
22.【2018·江苏】21. By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.
A. where B. when C. why D. how
23.【2018·新课标II卷·短文改错】The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be
very useful later in my life.
24.【2017·北京】23. Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever
25.【2017·江苏】26. We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of
_______ it used to charge.
A. that B. which C. what D. how
26.【2017·天津】4. She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I
hadn’t.
A. when B. where C. whether D. what
