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专题 04 冠词（原卷版）
知识点梳理
Part 1：
1. 定冠词与不定冠词的区别；
2. 不定冠词a，an的区别；
3. 零冠词的使用；
4. 常见搭配中的冠词；
5. 特指与泛指时冠词的使用。
知识点1 不定冠词a(n)
1. 用于泛指某一类人或物中的任何一个。
The village where I was born has grown into a town.
2. 用于第一次提到或出现的名词前，表泛指，不特别指明具体情况。
There is a cup on the desk, but the cup isn’t mine.
3. 用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。
I have three books, and I want to buy a fourth one.
4. 用于形容词的比较级前，表示“一个更……的”。
If we sit near the front of the bus, we’ll have a better view.
5. 用于姓名、星期名称前，表示“某个名叫……的人，一个跟某人相仿的人，某人的作品、发
明”或“某个星期几”。
Experts think that the recently discovered painting may be a Picasso. 专家们认为这幅新发现的油画
或许是毕加索的画作。
6. 用于表示价格、速度、比率等的名词前表示“每一”。
He works eight hours a day.
7. 用于物质名词或抽象名词具体化时。
这类名词仅表示概念时，是不可数名词，前面不加冠词。但如果表示具体的人或事，特别是前
面有形容词修饰时，就变成了可数名词，前面要加不定冠词。具有此用法的名词有：success, failure,
surprise, pleasure, beauty, pity, danger, comfort, honour等。
surprise惊奇 → a surprise 一件意想不到/令人惊奇的事
failure失败 → a failure 一个失败的人；一件失败的事
success成功 → a success 一个成功的人；一件成功的事
rain雨 → a heavy rain 一场大雨注意：常考的不可数名词有：baggage, luggage, furniture, health, weather, fun, space(太空), advice,
word(消息), progress, information, news, equipment, wealth等。这些不可数名词一般不与不定冠词连用。
知识点2 定冠词the
1．表示某一类人或物
The horse is a useful animal.
2．用于世上独一无二的事物名词前
the universe,the moon,the Pacific Ocean
3．表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事
Would you mind opening the door?
4．用于乐器前面
play the violin,play the guitar
5．用于形容词和分词前表示一类人
the rich,the living,the wounded
6．表示“一家人”或“夫妇”
the Greens,the Wangs
7．用于序数词或形容词、副词比较级、最高级前
He is the taller of the two children.
8．用于国家、党派等以及江、河、湖、海、山川、群岛的名词前
the United States,the Communist Party of China,the West Lake
9．用于表示发明物的单数名词前
The compass was invented in China.
10．在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代
in the 1990s
11．用于表示单位的名词前
I hired the car by the hour.
12．用于方位名词、身体部位名词以及表示时间的词组前
He patted me on the shoulder.
知识点3 零冠词
1. 不含普通名词的专有名词或表示泛指的抽象名词、物质名词、复数名词或不可数名词前通常
不加冠词。
Rock climbing is of great fun. You will get close to nature and take adventures at the same time.2. 表示季节、月份、星期、节日、学科、语言、球类、棋类以及三餐等的名词前，常用零冠词。
He had nothing for breakfast this morning.
Spring comes after winter.
3. 表示独一无二的职位、职务、头衔的名词在句中作表语、补足语、同位语时，其前通常不加
冠词。
We made him monitor of our class.
4. 在“单数可数名词＋as/though”引导的让步状语从句中，单数可数名词前不加冠词。
Good choice as/though it may be, he has decided to give it up.
5. turn意为“变为，成为”时，后面作表语的单数可数名词前不用冠词。但是 become意为“变
为，成为”时，后面作表语的单数名词前加不定冠词。
His dream is to turn lawyer while his sister’s is to become a dancer.
6. 名词前已有this, that, my, your, some, each, no, any等指示代词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词
或名词所有格时，其前不加冠词。
I want that book about cars.
知识点4 固定搭配
1：all of a sudden突然;as a matter of fact事实上;once a week每周一次;at a loss不知所措,茫
然;be on a visit参观,拜访;be/go on a diet节食;give sb.a lift让某人搭便车;have a gift for...在……
方面有天赋;have a good time玩得开心;have a word with...与……谈话;in a hurry匆忙地;in a way
从某种意义上说;make a living谋生;take a walk散步;take an interest in...对……感兴趣;take/have a
rest休息一会儿;a couple of两三个; a bit一点; once upon a time从前;many a time许多次
2：at the moment此刻,目前;at the same time同时;by the way顺便说一下;on the spot当场;make the
best/most of...充分利用……;in the distance在远处;in the end最终;in the habit of有……的习惯;the other
day前几天;on the one hand...,on the other hand...一方面……,另一方面……;to the point中肯,切题
3：in fact事实上;for example例如;in danger在危险中;with pleasure高兴地;in time及时;in fear
恐惧地;at work在上班;at dinner在吃饭;after school放学后;at first起初;at last最终;by hand手工做
的;pay attention to注意;set fire to放火;take pride in以……为豪;take care of照顾;take office就
职;take part in 参加;in town 在城里;keep...in mind 牢记;in trouble 处在麻烦中;on foot 步行;leave
word留言;on time按时;catch sight of看见;do harm to对……有害;lose weight减肥Part 2：高考真题精选
1.（2022 新高考 I 卷） Covering an area about three times __________ size of Yellowstone National
Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
2．（2022全国甲卷）____________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the
trip.
3.（2022年浙江 1月真题）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to
speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___________ time, they agreed.
4.（2022新高考二卷） ___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.
5.（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is 10 must to visit!
6.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）It took us about 3 hours to go all 8 way around the Xi'an City Wall.
7.（2021.6 全国乙卷 语法填空）Due to 5 growing popularity of environmentally-related and
adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly
trip must meet the following principles:
8.（2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空） 9 Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet
the needs of their growing family.
9.【2019·新课标I卷·语法填空】Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are
declining, six are (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
10【2019·新课标I卷·短文改错】Suddenly football feel just in front of me but almost hit me.
11.【2019·浙江卷·语法填空】Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes.
12. 【2018·新课标卷I·短文改错】During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to
visit my grandparents.13. 【2018·新课标卷II·语法填空】Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___62___ past
25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
14. 【2018·新课标卷 III·语法填空】Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins
screaming at ____62____ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male
appears.
15. 【2017·新课标卷I·语法填空】As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for
that something missing.
16. 【2017·新课标卷II ·语法填空】This included digging up the road, laying (lay) the track and then
building a strong roof over 6 4 top.
17.【2016·浙江】2.______prize for the winner of the competition is ______two-week holiday in Paris.
A. The ; 不填 B. A ; 不填 C. A ; the D. The ; a
