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专题 07 并列连词和状语从句（解析版）
知识点梳理
Part 1：
1. and和but的用法区别；
2. while表对比的用法。
3. 时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、让步、条件、方式和比较状语从句等；
4. 常用的引导状语从句的连词。
知识点1 基本用法
1. 并列句的用法及常见连词
表并列、递进或 and，both... and...，neither... nor...，not only... but also... ，as
顺承关系 well as
表转折关系 but(不可与although/though连用), yet
表选择关系 either... or... ，not... but...，or，or else，rather than
表因果关系 for(表“由于”，一般不放在句首)，so
and与or用 祈使句＋and＋陈述句，and表顺承
于并列句 祈使句＋or＋陈述句，or表转折
while表对比 强调对比关系，意为“然而；而”
2. 状语从句的类型及常见连接词
when, while, as, before, after, since, till, until, immediately, as
时间状语从句
soon as, every time
地点状语从句 where, wherever
though/although, even if/even though, while, “疑问词-ever”，
让步状语从句
“no matter＋疑问词”
条件状语从句 if, once, unless, in case, as/so long as, on condition that
because, as, since, now that, seeing that, in that, considering that,
原因状语从句
for the reason that
结果状语从句 so that, so/such... that
目的状语从句 so that, in order that, for fear (that), in case
比较状语从句 than, as... as, not so... as
方式状语从句 as, as if/as though知识点2 时间状语从句
He jumped up when the phone rang.
We listened while the teacher read.
当
when,while,as ……的 The phone rang just as I was leaving.
时候
(as强调主、从句动作同时或几乎同时发生;while从句
的谓语动词必须是延续性动词,不能是非延续性动词)
Jane completed her last novel Persuasion in 1816,but it
till,until 直到 was not published until after her death.(until要与延续性动词
连用;not...until 要与非延续性动词连用)
It is two years since he joined the army.他参军两年了。
It is two years since he smoked.他戒烟两年了。
since 自从
(其后所用动词不同,该动词所表示动作持续时间的计
算方法也不同)
the moment,the Tell him the news as soon as you see him.
minute,the instant,the
I recognized her the moment (that) I saw her.
second;no
一……
sooner...than...;hardly.. I want to see him the minute (that) he arrives.
.when...;as soon 就……
I went home directly I had finished work.
as;directly,
Once he arrives,we can start.
immediately,once
知识点3 结果状语从句
He didn’t plan his time well,so that
so that 结果
he didn’t finish his work in time.
Xiao Ming is so clever that all his
so+形容词/副词+that从句
teachers like him.
so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词 It is so beautiful a scenery that many
+that从句
如
people look lost in it.
此……
so+ many/much/little/few+名词 There was so little water in the jar
+that从句 以至于that it was not enough for all of us.
such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名 …… We left in such a hurry that we
词+that从句 forgot to lock the door.
such+形容词+可数名词复数/不 They are such interesting books that
可数名词+that从句 I want to read them once more.
知识点4 让步状语从句
though,although 虽然 Although/Though small,the company has about 1,000buyers in over 30 countries.(although和though用正常语
序,可和yet连用,但不可和but连用)
Hard as/though he works,he makes little
progress.=Though he works hard,he makes little progress.
as 虽然
(在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式,可被though替
换)
even if,even though 即使 Even though/if you say so,I do not believe it.
no matter
Whoever breaks laws will be punished.=No matter
what,whatever,no matter
who breaks laws,he/she will be punished.
who,whoever,no matter 无
which,whichever,no matter 论…… (“疑问词+ever”=“no matter +疑问词”,“疑问词
how,however,no matter +ever”也可以引导名词性从句)
when,whenever
While he loves his students,he is very strict with them.
尽
while
管,虽然
(一般位于句首,用于句中时,译为“然而”,表对照对比
关系)
无论
whether...or not Whether you believe it or not,it is true.
(是否)
知识点5 条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的常用连接词有if, once, unless, in case, as/so long as, on condition that,
supposing (that), given (that), providing/provided (that) 等。
1. if
(1)若主句为将来时，if从句多用一般现在时表将来。
If it snows tomorrow, we will go skiing.
(2) if possible/necessary意为“如有可能，如有必要”。
If (it is) necessary, please bring your computer here.
(3) only if和 if only
only if意为“只有”， 置于句首时主句的主谓要用部分倒装。if only 意为“但愿，要是……就
好了”，引导的从句要用虚拟语气。
Only if you work harder can you catch up with others.
If only it could be sunny tomorrow.
2. unless
unless引导条件状语从句，表示“除非，否则”，可替换成if... not...。
Please don’t speak, unless you are invited.
＝Please don’t speak, if you are not invited.
知识点6 比较状语从句
比较状语从句一般位于句尾，常用than, as... as...， not as/so... as...等引导。1. than前的形容词和副词用比较级形式。
It’s easier than I thought.
I sing better than he does. ＝ He doesn’t sing as well as I do.
2. as... as...表示“前者与后者一样……”，not as/so... as...表示“前者不如后者……”，形容词和
副词均用原级。常用于以下句型：
as＋adj. /adv. ＋as
as＋adj. ＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋as
as＋many/few＋可数名词复数＋as
as＋much/little＋不可数名词＋as
I have as good a sister as you have.
I’m not as considerate as so many people seem to think.
They are having almost as much unemployment as we are.
知识点7 状语从句中的省略
1. 在时间、地点、条件、方式、让步或比较状语从句中，当从句和主句主语一致，且从句中又
有be动词时，可将从句主语及be动词省略。
He opened the desk drawer, as if (he was) in search of something important.
2. 当从句主语为代词it，从句中又有be动词时，从句主语及be动词可省略。
Come along with your teacher if (it is) possible.
3. 当从句是there be结构时，there be可省略。
You can ask me questions if (there are) any.
4. 在as, than引导的状语从句中，可省略与主句中重复的任何成分及be动词。
She speaks English better than he (speaks English).
You should do it as (you were) told to (do it).
知识点8 状语从句中的倒装
1. no sooner... than...和hardly/scarcely... when...引导时间状语从句，no sooner和hardly/scarcely位
于句首时，需将no sooner和hardly/scarcely所在的句子部分倒装，且常用过去完成时，其后的than
和when连接的句子不倒装，常用一般过去时。
Hardly had he begun to speak when his wife stopped him.
2. not until...位于句首时，主句要部分倒装，not until从句不倒装。
Not until he came back yesterday evening did we finish the work.3. if虚拟条件状语从句谓语含were, should, had时可将if省略，把were, should, had移至主语前。
Should he be here (＝ If he should be here) next week, he would help us.
4. so... that...和such... that...引导的结果状语从句中，若将“so ＋adj./adv.”或“such ＋n.”置于句
首，主句要部分倒装。
So moved was she that she could not say a word.
5. as/though引导让步状语从句的倒装结构为：名词/形容词/副词/分词＋as/though＋主语＋谓语，
动词＋as/though＋主语＋助动词。若是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词a/an。
Child as/though he is, he can take care of himself.
Try as/though he might, he could not find a job.
Much as/though I like it, I won’t buy it.
6. however, whatever引导的让步状语从句。
However/No matter how hard he worked, he couldn’t solve the problem.
Whatever/No matter what reasons you have, you should carry out your promise.
Part 2：高考真题精选
1（2022新高考I卷）
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP is designed to
reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems,
preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, __________ leaving behind precious
natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
答案：and
解析：考查连词。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，
保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处前后为并列关系，应用
and。故填and。
2（2022全国乙卷）
The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for
people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ____________
cultural exchanges.
答案：and解析：考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，
促进国际合作和文化交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词
promote的宾语。故填and。
3.（2022年新高考2卷）
He hung on for a few minutes ___41___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
答案：. and
解析：考查连词。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子
结构，设空处应该填写连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意，此处表示并列关系。故填
and。
4.（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain,
still it highlights the whole adventure 7 offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching
legs.
【答案】 and
【解析】考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，两个谓语动词 highlights和offers之间缺少连接词进行
连接；同时，两个动作间为并列关系，所以应填并列连词。故填and。
5.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）My bike was old and shaky 7 did the job.
【答案】 but
【解析】考查连词。此处表示我的自行车又旧又晃，后面能用。所以是转折的关系，故填but。
6.（2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空） It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 4 the late 1980s.
【答案】until
【解析】考查时间介词。根据空前有not可知，此处until与not一起构成固定用法not… until，意为
"直到……才……" 。句意：直到20世纪80年代后期，它才作为一种旅游概念被广泛接受。故填
until。
7.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空）In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index（体重指数）across
200 countries the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 1 that most of the rise is
due to gains in BMT in rural areas.
【答案】and
【解析】文章大意：介绍了一项关于体重指数的研究，描述了不同时期城乡体重指数的差异及其背后的原因。考查连词。句意：科学家人们发现人们越来越胖了，这个现象背后的原因是偏远地区人
们体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知that people worldwide are getting heavier和that most of the rise
is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是found引导的宾语从句，是并列关系，故答案为and。
8.（2021.6全国甲卷 改错）In my opinion, where in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust
mostly.
【答案】where改为when或whenever
【解析】考查状语从句连词。根据句意应该是（每）当遇到困难的时候，我们应该向最信任的人求
助。where 改为when或whenever。
9.（2021.6全国乙卷 改错）I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever
necessary.
【答案】把whatever改为whenever
【解析】考查状语从句。根据句子结构可知，此处体现时间概念，表示每次需要的时候，我都会浇
花和收拾我的卧室。故把whatever改为whenever。
10.（2021.3 天津卷 单选）We all need to get involved in saving energy it's at work, at home, or at
school.
A.unless B.once C.whether D.because
【答案】C
【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：无论是在工作、家里还是在学校，我们都需要参与节约能源。
A.unless除非；B.once一旦；C.whether是否、或者……（或者）；D.because因为。根据句意可知，
本空应填whether。故选：C。
11.（2020.7 天津卷 单选）
—Why do people like pop music? I hate it so much.
— it is not your style, that doesn't mean it is baD.
A.Only if B.Even though C.Now that D.In case
【答案】B
【解析】考查状语从句。A. only if 如果……该多好；B. even though 即使，尽管；C. now that 既然
D. in case 以防万一。句意：—为什么大家会喜欢流行音乐？我很讨厌流行音乐。—虽然流行音乐不是你喜欢的类型，但也不能说它不好。根据句意以及分析主从句可知，此处为让步状语从句，表达
"虽然，尽管" 之意。故选：B。
12.（2020.3 天津卷 单选）
Watch out for injuries while exercising. Always stop you begin to feel any pain.
A.in order that B.even if C.ever since D.as soon as
【答案】D
【解析】考查状语从句。句意为：在练习的时候小心受伤，—感到疼痛就停下来，D项为一……
就……。
13.（2020.7 新高考海南卷 语法填空 ）
Each volume in the set explores a wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications
of digital systems, 7 discusses the influences they have on everyday life.
【答案】And
【解析】考查连词。句意：系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料，解释数字系统的主要应用的基本概念，
并讨论了他们对日常生活的影响，前后句为并列关系，所以用连词and，故答案为：and。
14.（2020.1 浙江卷 语法填空 ）
It's also that they are on average healthier 10 more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for
longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。根据本空前后都为形容词的比较级，故这里应该填并列连词。又因为healthier
和more productive不存在转折含义，为递进关系。故答案：为and。
15.（2020.7 全国三卷语法填空）
5 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary（传奇的）
artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
【答案】When 或 As
【解析】考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑
着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示"当……时候"，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，
不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。
16.（2020.7 上海卷语法填空）One of the earliest-known inventions is the bow and arrow, which is still used throughout the world today,
15, 000 years 1 it was first invented.
【答案】after
【解析】考查连词。句意：已知最早的发明之一是弓箭，在它被发明 15000年后，至今仍在全世界
使用。根据句意可知，本空应填连词after。故答案为：after。
17.（2020全国一卷改错）
First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside.
【答案】 but改为and
【解析】 考查连词。句意：首先，我把西红柿切成块，放在一边。根据句意可知前后句之间为顺接
关系，需要用and来连接，所以可知答案为but改为and。
18.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】23.The doctor shares his phone number with the patients __________ they
need medical assistance.
A. if only B. as if C. even though D. in case
【答案】D
【解析】考查状语从句的连词。句意：医生给了病人他的手机号码，以防病人需要医疗援助。A. if
only要是……多好；B. as if好像，仿佛；C. even though即使，尽管；D. in case以备，以防，免得，
引导条件状语从句。故选D。
19.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】13.Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion _________
he wants their support.
A. since B. once
C. unless D. after
【答案】C
【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到
他们的支持。since因为；once一旦；unless除非；after在……之后，根据题意，故选C。unless在
此引导条件状语从句。
20.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing
my family and all the friends I have made_(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___67___
because I want to.”【答案】but
【解析】考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，
而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not 呼应，构成“不是……而是 ……”之意，故填but。
21.【2018·江苏】29. _______ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay
motivated after one or two nights.
A. Once B. Unless C. If D. When
【答案】B
【解析】考查连词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：除非你睡得好，否则一两个晚上之后，你会失去专
注、计划和保持动力的能力。A. Once一旦；B. Unless除非；C. If如果；D. When当……时候。故选
B。
点睛：本题考查连词辨析。解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出
正确答案。
22.【2018·天津】4. Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend ___________they get sweet enough to
be eaten.
A. ever since B. as if C. even though D. so that
【答案】D
【解析】考查连词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：让我们这个周末再摘这些桃子，这样的话，它
们吃起来就变得足够的甜。A.ever since自那时起；B.as if好像；C.even though尽管；D.so that以便。
从句为目的状语从句，故用sothat引导。故选D。
点睛：本题考查连词短语词义辨析。解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意可以判断，
这里考查so that引导的目的状语从句。
23.【2017·北京】25. ______ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other
purposes.
A. Once B. If C. Although D. Because
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析：A.Once 一旦；B.If 如果；C.Although尽管；D.Because因为。句意：尽管鸟儿
们用羽毛来飞翔，但是他们的一些羽毛还有其他用途。根据语境可知前后之间是让步关系，故选
C。
考点：考查连词。24.【2017·北京】28. If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people
_______ you figure it out.
A. because B. though C. until D. since
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析：A.because因为；B.though尽管；C.until直到；D.since目从。如果你无法理解某
个东西，你可能会去研究，学习和他人探讨直到你解决为止，根据句意可知选用until，直到，选C。
考点：考查连词。
【名师点睛】
从属连词的用法
1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词
(1) 表示“当…时候”或“每当”的时间连词。主要的 when, while, as, whenever。如：
Don't talk while you're eating. 吃饭时不要说话。
He came just as I was leaving. 我正要走时他来了。
(2) 表示“在……前(或之后)”的时间连词。主要的有before, after。如：
Try to finish your work before you leave. 离开前设法把工作做完。
(3) 表示“自从”或“直到”的时间连词。主要的有since, until, till。如：
She's been playing tennis since she was eight. 她从八岁起就打网球了。
Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. (谚)不要无事惹事。
(4) 表示“一………就”的时间连词。主要的有 as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the
instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no sooner…than, hardly…when等。如：
I'll let you know as soon as I hear from her. 我一接她的信就通知你。
(5) 表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的时间连词。主要的有 every time(每次)，each time(每次)，
(the) next time(下次)，any time(随时)，(the) last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)。如：
I'll tell him about it (the) next time I see him.
我下一次见到他时，我就把这个情况告诉他。
注意：every time, each time, any time前不用冠词，(the) next time, (the) last time中的冠词可以省略，
而the first time中的冠词通常不能省略。
2. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词。这类连词主要有if, unless, as [so] long as, in case 等。如：
Do you mind if I open the window?我开窗你不介意吧?
注意：在条件状语从句中，通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态。不过，
有时表示条件的 if之后可能用 will，但那不是将来时态, 而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(will为情态动
词)。如：If you will sit down for a few moments, I'll tell the manager you're here. 请稍坐, 我这就通知经理说您来
了。
3. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词。主要的有 because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering
(that) 等。如：
He distrusted me because I was new.他不信任我，因为我是新来的。
25【2017·北京】22. —Peter, please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you have visited.
—No problem.
A. but B. or C. for D. so
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：A. but 但是 B. or 或者 C. for 因为 D. so因此 句意： Peter，请给我们
寄明信片，因此我们就会知道你们去哪游览过，根据语境可知前后句之间是因果关系，故用 so，选
D。
考点：考查并列连词。
【名师点睛】
并列连词的用法
1. 表示转折关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 but, yet 等。如：
Someone borrowed my pen, but I don't remember who.有人借了我的钢笔，但我不记得是谁了。
2. 表示因果关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 for, so 等。如：
The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor.
这孩子咳得很利害，所以他妈妈带他去看医生。
注意：for表示结果通常不能放句首，也不能单独使用。
3. 表示并列关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 and , or , either…or , neither…nor , not only…but
(also) , both…and , as well as 等。如：
He didn't go and she didn't go either. 他没去，她也没去。
The weather is mild today; it is neither hot nor cold. 今天天气很温暖，不冷也不热。
