专题23名词(原卷版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_3.2024专项复习_[高考字典]2024年高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题应对策略(通用版)

高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题应对策略 专题 23 名词 目录 一 知识网络 名词的概念、分类、普通名词、专有名词、单复数、所有格和修饰语 二 考点考法 主语（谓语动词前）、动词后、介词后跟名词和在冠词、形容词性物主代词、名词 所有格、不定代词等后要用名词 三 真题回顾 展现命题趋势，明确考试目标 四 真题训练 近几年名词的高考专题训练 五 考情分析 名词的用法在语法填空中年年必考。 考过的考点有： 1. 可数名词数量大于1时是要用复数形式的。常见的修饰语有：different, many, several, few, some, all, both等。 2. 名词的句法作用： (1) 作动词的宾语；(2) 作介词的宾语；(3) 作主语；(4) 作表语。 3. 名词的所有格，表示所有关系，即“某某的”。 六 模拟操练 再次巩固所掌握的知识点体系并能灵活应用 知识网络 1.名词的概念：表示人、事物、地点和抽象概念名称的词：Mary, knife, America, advice 2.名词的分类 1)普通名词 可数名词： 个体名词nut, port, theme, chapter, disaster, track, factor 集体名词group, team, class, family, audience, crowd, majority， cattle, people, (the) police 不可数名词： 物质名词oxygen, air, honey, butter 抽象名词pride, justice, pressure, confidence 2)专有名词：人名、地名、组织名、国家名等：Kate, London, China, the Great Wall 3)名词的单复数 1.不可数名词 ：无复数；前面不可直接加a, an或数词；表数量用a piece of 之类的结构 2.可数名词单数变复数 1.一般加s：guy, section, material, adult, procedure, aspect 2.加es: mass, box, brush, branch, 但stomach加s 3.辅音字母+y结尾,y → ies：strategy, policy, battery, company, supply 4. f(e)结尾 f(e) →ves： thief, wife, housewife, shelf, knife, leaf, wolf, loaf, self, half, life 5.直接加s: roof, proof, belief, chief, safe, chef, giraffe f→ves或直接加s: handkerchief, scarf 6.以o结尾 加s: kangaroo, bamboo, zoo, photo, piano, studio 加es: hero, potato, tomato7.不规则变化 1.单复同行：series, means, species, sheep, deer, fish, Chinese 2.oo →ee：tooth, foot, goose 3.man →men: spokesman, spokeswoman 4.ium/ ion→ia: bacterium, medium, criterion 5.其他：phenomenon →phenomena, ox →oxen, mouse →mice, child →children 4)名词的所有格 1.’s 有生命的人或动物：Jim’s cat, the teachers’ office, Tom and Kate’s teacher 时间、距离、国家、城市、金额、重量等：today’s news, England’s shore 2.of 无生命的东西：the cover of the book, the title of the novel 3.双重所有格 a play of Shakespeare’s, a friend of my wife’s 5)名词的修饰语 只接可数名词复数：both, several, few, many, various, dozens of, a number of, each of, one of 只接不可数名词：much, little(少), a bit of, a great deal of, a large amount of 修饰可数或不可数名词：some, any, plenty of, lots of, a large quantity of, quantities of , masses of 考点考法： 作主语（谓语动词前）：His______________ (achieve) earned him respect. (答案为achievements) 动词后：He gave a____________ (describe) of what he had seen. (答案为description) 介词后：We need food and water for________ (survive). (答案为survival) I’m a_________ (science) who studies animals. (答案为scientist) 注意：在冠词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、不定代词等后要用名词 真题回顾： 1.(2023年新高考Ⅱ卷) Since June 2017, right before the ______________ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confidently speaking English. 2.(2023年新高考Ⅱ卷) They also need to be ready to give ______________ (interview) in English with international journalists. 3.(2023 全 国 甲 卷 ) However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty _____________ （ warn ） about environmental destruction. 4.(2023全国乙卷)But for its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place which/that welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st -century architectural _____________ （wonder）standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 5. (2022年新高考Ⅱ卷) “He saved my ______ (son) life,” said Mrs. Brown. “I don’t know how to thank him.” 6.(2022 年新高考Ⅰ卷) The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate _____________ (population) and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 7.(2021 全 国 甲 卷 ) Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and______________ (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines. 8.(2021全国乙卷) __________ (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment. 9.(2021全国新高考Ⅰ卷) The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we _________ (human) are. 10. (2020新高考全国Ⅱ卷) Also, technological know-how has become a _____________ (require) for most jobs in an increasingly digital world, as the computer has become a common tool in most ____________ (profession). 11. (2018全国Ⅰ卷) Two of the authors of the review also made a study… that showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all _________(cause). 12.(2017全国Ⅰ卷) This trend, …, has had some unintended side ________(effect) such as overweight and heart disease… 13. (2017全国Ⅱ卷) It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible _________ (crowd) on the roads… 14. (2022年全国乙卷) China has a _______________ (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 15. (2021 全国乙卷) It allows…and often provides money for conservation and benefits the _____________ (develop) of the local areas. 16. (2018全国Ⅱ卷)This switch has decreased _________ (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. 17. (2016全国Ⅲ卷)Confucius influenced the ______________ (develop) of chopsticks. 18. (2020全国Ⅲ卷) Filled with ___________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 19. (2020全国Ⅰ卷) The far side of the moon is of particular ___________ (interesting)to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so than the familiar near side. 20. (2017全国Ⅱ卷) This development was only possible with the _____________(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. 21. (2021全国新高考Ⅱ卷) A company _____________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 22. (2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷) Historical ___________ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. 23. (2020全国Ⅱ卷) Chinese New Year is a __________ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. 24. (2018全国Ⅲ卷) My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a _________ (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. 考情分析 考点：名词的用法在语法填空中年年必考。 考过的考点有： 1. 可数名词数量大于1时是要用复数形式的, 常见的修饰语有：different, many, several, few, some, all, both 等。 2. 名词的句法作用：(1) 作动词的宾语； (2) 作介词的宾语； (3) 作主语； (4) 作表语。 3. 名词的所有格，表示所有关系，即“某某的”。 模拟操练 语法填空 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1. (2023 届吉林一调) …more people perform Shaanxi kuaiban on different occasions—for example, at a great many festival _____________ (celebration), parties and art shows. 2. (2023届江苏盐城期中考试) The ___________ (efficient) of water use in the area is among the highest globally, said an official at the administrative committee of Beijing E-Town. 3. (2023届四川遂宁零诊) Now, Wang is suffering from serious health ___________ (problem) and is in his late 70s. 4. (2023届浙江杭州一模) He and other ____________ (researcher) recently published an article on whale size. 5. (2023届重庆11月调研) First, the social networking website allows you to find and rediscover friends and then reminds you of these ____________ (relation), so you are less likely to fall out of touch with the long-lost school friend, or the family member. 6. (2023 届广东汕头质检) Xu said she would convert words in any language into Chinese ______________ (character) based on their pronunciation and then memorize them. 7. (2023届山西吕梁阶段性测试) Larger than a house cat, clouded leopards (豹) are named for their irregular, cloud-like ________ (spot). 8. (2023 届广东佛山顺德质检) During her 44-year-career as a nuclear physicist, Wu’s great _____________ (achievement) won her nicknames such as “Chinese Madame Curie”. 9. (2023届广东普宁阶段检测) A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the _______ (lose) of cultural relics. 10. (2023 届广东佛山顺德质检) Wu’s father, Wu Zhongyi, received a modern ____________ (educate) in Shanghai, and in 1913, founded the first school for girls in Taicang. 11. (2023届河北沧州摸底考试) After graduating in 2013, Guri returned to her hometown and became one of her father’s ___________ (colleague). 12. (2023届广东普宁阶段检测) However, big challenges can sometimes lead to great ___________ (solution). 13. (2023届广西柳州统考) However, in the 1980s, with the ____________ (popular) of films and TV shows, it started to lose its shine and many performers moved on to other jobs. 14. (2023届四川资阳一诊) The wildlife overpasses (立交桥) and underpasses let __________ (animal) cross over or under busy roadways safely and allow them to use their customary paths, which would otherwise be blocked. 15. (2023 届江苏镇江期中调研) At the opening ceremony, the 2008 Nobel Prize winner for literature French writer Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio, who had once visited Hangzhou, made an ____________ (appear) through a video.16. (2023届山东济南期中考试) Jinling Library has always focused on using books as a bridge to understanding of Chinese culture for global _________ (citizen). 17. (2023届山东济宁期中考试) As one of the current key parts of mass cultural consumption, the Chinese online literature industry has received increasing _____________ (recognize) from home and abroad. 18. (2023 届江苏连云港期中调研) Jade(玉) was only used for emperors, gold and silver for high-ranking _________ (officer) and copper(铜) for the low ranks. 19.[2023·武汉市模拟]Meanwhile, a big tourism company said its rural tourism business has shown significant potential for future ________ (grow) in the recent three years. 20. (2023届湖南郴州一检) The library houses more than 170 million ___________ (collection), the cultural relics of different civilizations from throughout history included. 21. (2023届四川泸州一诊) He also gives _________ (lecture) about the fight against desertification at schools of Alshaa League, hoping to raise awareness among young people. 22.[2023·丽水、湖州、衢州三地市质量检测]In the 2010s, thanks to online streaming services, eSports grew rapidly with more worldwide tournaments, more viewers, and larger ________ (prize)． 23. (2023届广东汕头质检) Her reputation draws a large crowd of tourists every day, especially foreign visitors, who come to meet the multilingual guide out of ____________ (admire). 24. (2023届重庆第四次质检) And though the fat from the butter may keep you feeling full, there are a number of _______________ (disadvantage) to adding a couple of tablespoons to your morning coffee. 25. (2023届浙江湖州联考) It comes after a study found there had been more than 11,000 ________ (injury) in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years. 26. (2023届山东烟台期中考试) April 20 marked the 13th International Chinese Language Day. And a series of _______________ (celebration), themed Together for the Future, were held by three different organizations… 27. (2023届山东泰安期中考试) Depending on the age of the students, they learn different practical ______ (skill), such as cleaning, gardening and cooking. 28. (2023 届广东大湾区一模) The Chinese Little New Year is not a fixed festival as it varies with local __________ (custom). 29. (2023 届陕西宝鸡一检) “The Chinese people are tolerant of language and cultural barriers and usually approach these differences with curiosity rather than ____________ (judge), ” he said. 30. (2023届广东广州调研测试) There’s only one way to find out: I’m rolling up my sleeves and training under the ___________ (guide) of senior stage masters in the field. 31. (2023届广东广州阶段训练) These areas have also played an important role in the protection of cultural relics, intangible cultural heritage and historic cities, towns and villages, bringing in over 14 billion yuan in average annual tourism income for _______ (local). 32. (2023届河南焦作期中考试) Three hundred years ago, a group of ___________ (farmer) were hunting when they discovered a large white deer running to the northwest. 33. (2023届辽宁沈阳期中考试) Over the years, extensive research on _______ (mouse) has found the function of the hippocampus(海马体) is very sensitive to junk food.34. (2023届江苏镇江期中调研) Led by sports stars and foreign internet celebrities, the class will present various ________________ (achievement) of the construction of beautiful homes in Zhejiang and common prosperity. 35. Cuju __________ (match) were often held inside the imperial palace. 36.[2023·福建省四地市第一次质量检测]Parents and teachers alike maintain that ________(silent)is important when learning, whereas youngsters insist that their favourite sounds help them concentrate. 37. (2023届广西南宁摸底测试) Players whose arrows failed to make the pot had to drink wine as a __________ (punish). 38. ________ (study) have shown that low levels of those chemicals might have the same effects as BPA. 39. (2023届河北沧州摸底考试) In recent years, the state cultural protection department has invested more than 100 million yuan (＄14.8m) in the ___________ (protect) of Jiaohe Ancient City Ruins. 40. (2023届江苏无锡期中调研) Brahm’s _____________ (appreciate) of kung fu is clear. He sees it as “a mirror of Chinese culture”. 41.[2023·山东省淄博市模拟] Many legends and stories lie behind its red walls and under the golden ________(roof)． 42. (2023届江苏苏州期中调研) Every Autumn Equinox day, all the __________ (villager) go to pick Qiucai in the wild, which is taken back and made into soup with fish. 43. (2023届河南洛平许济一检) There are many _____________ (example) of dolphins founding partnerships with people. 44. (2023届浙江湖州、丽水、衢州质检) In the 2010s, thanks to online streaming services, eSports grew rapidly with more worldwide tournaments, more viewers, and larger _______ (prize). 45. (2023年1月浙江卷) Thanks to Beijing’s long history as capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic ________ (event). 46.[2023·湖南省高三六校联考]2022 witnesses the 350th anniversary of Rong Bao Zhai. The badge (徽章) for Rong Bao Zhai uses the Chinese ________ (character) of “three”， “five” and “zero”． 47.[2023·郴州市高三第一次教学质量监测]It is widely considered that these social ________ (policy) will definitely improve the well-being of Chinese children. 48．[2023·济宁市高考模拟]Hopefully, the cute, witty, hi-tech Bing Dwen Dwen can become a classic and countless lasting ________ (memory) will stick in Olympic history. 49.[2023·济南名校高三交流联考]Once a beneficiary (受益者) of Project Hope, she is now calling on more people to join in the ________ (country) efforts to provide better education for all children. 50.[2023·华中师大一附中考前测试] Compared with the class nine years ago, this ________ (year) lecture was greatly different. 51.[2023·泉州市高中毕业班质量监测一] Not everyone has the strength or ________ (determine) to climb its tall steps and steep slopes (斜坡)． 52.[2023·武汉市部分学校调研] Zhang's ________ (prepare) that went into producing this particular work shows the very modern way that the artist tries to understand the subject matter. 53.[2023·河北省模拟]She provided medical ________ (equip), clean water and fruits. With this work thedeath rate decreased to 2.2%. 54.[2023·辽宁高三联考]These days, doctors are using a new approach to healing, which is called tapping. This approach combines ________ (wise) from Chinese medicine with talk therapy (治疗)． 55.[2020·全国Ⅰ改编]Landing on the ________(moon) far side is extremely challenging. 56.[2023·辽宁省协作体高三第一次模拟]Making coins was one of the greatest financial ________ (activity) in human history，”said researchers, adding that it allowed wealth to be traded easily. 57.[2023·福建省四地市第一次质量检测] Now a study shows that the ________(grown-up)have been right all along. 58.[2023·深圳市第一次调研] Crows have long been observed for their various amazing ________ (display) of intelligence. 59.[2023·菏泽市高三一模]For example, about 70 percent of the ________ (material) used in the Games were obtained through renting, including new sporting equipment, furniture in the Olympic village, technical devices. 60.[2023·河北省名校联盟高三下学期调研] The review by Germany's Alfred Wegener Institute examined almost 2, 600 research ________ (paper) on the topic to provide an overview ahead of a United Nations meeting later this month. 61.[2023·重庆市名校联盟第一次联考]The project was completed so quickly because the workers had been arranged into seven units to undertake different ________ (task) at the same time. 62.[2023·福州市质量检测]Claire Jackson investigates the return of our make-do-and-mend and it turns out that “fast” fashion has been replaced by a “slow” fashion ________(move)． 63.[2023·广东省茂名市五校联盟第三次联考]After experiencing her older sister's ________(die) and her parents' divorce, she is determined to stay alive for the sake of her broken family.