专题15非谓语动词(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_3.2024专项复习_[高考字典]2024年高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题应对策略(通用版)

高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题应对策略 专题 15 非谓语动词 知识网络 非谓语动词的用法 一作主语 不定式特指的、具体某次或未来动作：To ignore this would be a mistake. 动名词泛指的或抽象的行为 Reporting the news is their job. It was a waste of time reading that book. 二作表语 1)不定式说明主语内容，具体、特定、未来： My job is to promote the new product. 2)动名词说明主语内容，一般或习惯：His job is collecting folk songs. 3)现在分词说明主语的特征，令人……的：The spy story was thrilling. 4)过去分词说明主语的感受或状态，感到……的：He was thrilled at the suggestion. 三作宾语 1)作介词宾语一般用动名词：Daily practice is the trick in learning a foreign language. 2)含介词的句型prevent /stop sb (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事 waste/spend... (in) doing sth 浪费/ 花费……做某事 have some difficulty /trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 there is no sense (in) doing sth 做某事是没有意义的 3)but, except(除……外)后用不定式: He did nothing but watch TV. (不do无to) I had no choice but to watch TV. 4)只接不定式的词：want, hope, desire, long, expect, beg, apply, hesitate, refuse, decide, aim, choose, afford, offer, pretend, determine, manage, guarantee, attempt, seek, plan, intend, mean, promise, undertake, agree, fail, prepare, arrange, happen 5)只接动名词的词：suggest, advise, enjoy, avoid, imagine, admit, practise, escape, allow, permit, consider, miss, understand, finish, dislike, mind, include, risk, forbid, prevent, discuss, appreciate, forgive, pardon, excuse, keep (on), can’t stand, advocate 6)接to do和doing意义有别：remember, forget, regret, try, mean, stop, go on, can’t help 7)to是介词的词组：be used to, be accustomed to, be addicted to, be devoted to, be opposed to, be equal to, look forward to, pay attention to, feel up to, get down to, apply oneself to, contribute to, lead to, refer to, adapt to, adjust to, object to, turn to, respond to 四作定语 1)不定式发生在谓语后： I have several letters to write today. 2)动名词在名词前说明其用途： a washing machine =a machine for washing 3)现在分词表主动、进行： The boy standing (= who is standing) there is my brother. 4)过去分词表被动、完成： That is an abandoned car (= a car which was abandoned). 五作状语1.不定式 1)表目的： We learn a language in order to communicate. too...to/enough to：He is old enough to know right from wrong. 2)表结果：too...to/enough to：He is old enough to know right from wrong. 表令人不快之结果：I hurried to the station, only to find the train had left. 3)形容词后 She is eager to succeed. 2.现在分词 表主动的： The sun was striking on the sea, making it shine. (自然结果) He sat in the chair, reading a newspaper.(伴随) 3.过去分词表被动的： The President arrived, followed by his personal bodyguard. 六作补语 作补语：The teacher encouraged the children to behave well. 1)表主动、全过程、经常：I heard Kate sing the song. 2)现在分词表主动、正在进行：I heard Kate singing the song just now. 3)过去分词表被动、完成：I heard the song sung by Kate. 七have+宾语+不定式/补语/现在分词 不定式：With much homework to do, I can’t go to play football with you. 现在分词：With time going by, I gradually realize the importance of health. 过去分词：With all the work done, I can go home. 八have+宾语 1)定语：I have an article to write. 2)原形：He had me plant a tree there. (命令或安排) 过去分词I had my mobile phone repaired. (请人做) I had my leg broken. (不幸遭遇) 3)现在分词：She had her audience listening attentively. 九连词+现在分词/过去分词 现在分词(主动)：Be careful while (you are) crossing the road. 过去分词(被动)：When (he was) asked why he came here, the boy kept silent. 考点考法 1.不定式 1)作主语：It took years of work __________ (reduce) the industrial pollution …（答案为to reduce） 2)作宾语： ... but he refused ________ (stop). （答案为to stop） 3)作补语： ... he allowed me ________ (stay) and watch. （答案为to stay） 4)作状语： a.表目的： You don’t have to run fast or for long _______ (see) the benefit. （答案为to see） b.形容词后：... you’ll be less likely ________ (bring) your work home. （答案为to bring） ... the walls are now cold enough ________ (cool) the house…（答案为to cool）2.动名词 作主语： ________(have) tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge ... （答案为Having） 作宾语： a.动词宾语 ... ducking my head to avoid ________ (look) directly... （答案为looking） b.介词宾语 ... still reduce your risk of _____ (die) early... （答案为dying） 3.现在分词（表主动） 1)作定语： ... arranges quick get aways for people ______ (live) in Shanghai. （答案为living） 2)作表语(令人……的)： Nick told me a story, which was very ____________ (interest). （答案为 interesting） 3)作伴随状语： People cooked their food, ______ (use) twigs to remove it. （答案为using） 4)连词+现在分词： China’s approach to protecting its environment while________ (feed) its citizens offers useful lessons... （答案为feeding） 4.过去分词（表被动） 1)作定语 A study of travelers __________ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor... （答案为conducted） 2)作表语(感到……的) ... he doesn’t feel ___________ (challenge). （答案为challenged） 3)连词+过去分词 When _______(ask) why he came here, the boy kept silent. （答案为asked） 真题回顾 语法填空 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1.(2023年全国Ⅱ卷) As a little girl, I ___65___ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. [解析]句意: 作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后能成为一名动物园管理员。根据前面的时间状语As a little girl 可知,希望长大后能成为一名动物园管理员是过去的动作，故填wished。 2.(2023 年全国乙卷) Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I ____67____ (amaze) by the co- existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. [解析]句意:在过去的十年里，我参观了几次，我对新旧共存和一个城市如何在不断发展的同时能够保留着 这么丰富的遗产感到惊讶。.be amazed by---- 对-------感到惊讶，故填was amazed。 3.(2023年全国乙卷) The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, _____70_____ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. [解析]分析句子成分可知，设空处为主句的谓语，主语为The remarkable development of this city，是第三人 称单数，因此设空处应用一般现在时的单数形式，故填means。 4. (2022年新高考Ⅰ卷) ___________ (cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. [解析]因句中已有谓语will be，故cover应作为非谓语动词，又因cover和其逻辑主语the GPNP为主动关系， 应用v.-ing形式作状语，首字母大写，故填Covering。 5. (2022 年新高考Ⅰ卷) The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas, bringing many of theexisting protected areas for giant pandas under one authority _____________ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. [解析] 句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量区域，将众多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提 高效率，减少管理混乱。设空处在句中作非谓语动词，作目的状语，应用动词的不定式，故填 to increase。 6. (2022年新高考Ⅱ卷) Henry ran one hundred meters, jumped over a 1.2-meter fence, and held out his arms to catch the ________ (fall) child. [解析]因句中已有谓语动词hold out，fall应作为非谓语动词，又因child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示 正在进行的含义，故用现在分词作定语，故填falling。 7. (2022年新高考Ⅱ卷) Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony (阳台), and climbed up ________ (see) them. [解析]因句中已有谓语动词climb up，see应作为非谓语动词。根据句意可知，他爬到阳台是为了看他们(外 面玩闹的孩子们)，故用不定式作目的状语，故填to see。 8. (2022年全国甲卷) A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ____________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. [解析]因step为抽象名词且前面有序数词修饰，故用不定式作后置定语，故填to journey。 9. (2022年全国甲卷) Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ______ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. [解析]因句中已有谓语动词decided，故hold应作为非谓语动词，又因hold与International Cooperation之间 在逻辑上为动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，故填held。 10. (2022年全国乙卷) China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a ___________ (share) future for mankind. [解析]因future 和非谓语动词 share 之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，表示“共享的”，故填 shared。 11. (2022 年全国乙卷) _______________ (strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media. [解析]结合句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需用不定式作目的状语，位于句首，首字 母应大写，故填To strengthen。 12. (2021全国甲卷) It is possible ________(walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. [解析]因 it is possible to do sth为固定搭配，意为“做某事是可能的” ，故填to walk。 13. (2021全国甲卷) After __________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action… [解析]在介词after后用动词-ing形式，故填spending。 14. (2021全国乙卷) It (Ecotourism) is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___________ (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics… [解析]在系动词become后应用形容词作表语，表示“受过……教育(或训练)的” ，故填educated。 15. (2021全国乙卷) Minimize the impact of ________ (visit) the place.[解析]在介词后应用动词-ing形式，故填visiting。 16. (2021 全国乙卷) Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim _________ (have) a low impact on the natural environment. [解析]因aim to do sth为固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事” ，故填to have。 17. (2021全国新高考Ⅰ卷) Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your _____________ (ache) legs. [解析]修饰名词legs作定语，用aching或achy，表示“疼痛的”，故填aching或achy。 18. (2021全国新高考Ⅱ卷) I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ___________ (think) it is food. [解析]分析句子成分可知，宾语从句中已有谓语eat，故think应作为非谓语动词，又因think与其逻辑主语 sea animals之间为主动关系，故用动词-ing形式，故填thinking。 19. (2021全国新高考Ⅱ卷) I decided to do something ___________ (educate) people about this problem. [解析]句中已有谓语decided，故educate应作为非谓语动词；表示目的，用动词不定式to educate，故填to educate。 20. (2020 全国Ⅰ卷) Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 ________ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. [解析]作目的状语，应用不定式，use sth to do意为“使用某物做……”，故填to find。 21. (2020全国Ⅱ卷) They represent the earth ________ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. [解析]句中已有谓语represent，故come应为非谓语动词；此处为动名词的复合结构与 best wishes并列作 represent的宾语，其逻辑主语为the earth，应用主动形式，故填coming。 22. (2020 全国Ⅱ卷)They make great gifts and you see them many times ___________(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. [解析]此处为“see+宾语+宾补”结构，decorate与其逻辑主语them之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补， 故填decorated。 23. (2020全国Ⅱ卷) They are easy ________ (care) for and make great presents. 此处为“主语+be+adj.+to do”结构，用动词不定式表被动，故填to care。 24. (2020全国Ⅲ卷) The next morning he hired a boat and set out ________ (find) the well-known painter. [解析]作目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填to find。 25. (2020 全国Ⅲ卷) And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds_____________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. [解析]因clouds和surround之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词形式作后置定语，故填surrounding。 26. (2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or ________ (walk) through a rainforest. [解析]因 or 为并列连词，连接 living at a different time in history 与 (walk)through a rainforest，共同作 imagine的宾语，应用动名词形式，故填walking。 27. (2020新高考全国Ⅱ卷) These days, it is not unusual for 10-to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites orfor second and third graders _________ (begin) computer classes. [解析]因It is+adj.+for sb to do sth是固定搭配，故填to begin。 28. (2019 全国Ⅰ卷) Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ____________ (perform) consistently over a large area. [解析]因句中已有谓语are expensive(系动词加表语构成谓语), 动词perform 应为非谓语动词; 在形容词后作 状语, 只能用动词不定式, 故填to perform。 29. (2019全国Ⅰ卷) Scientists have responded by _______ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements. [解析]在介词后用动名词，故填noting。 30. (2019全国Ⅱ卷) A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for ______ (be) Britain’s oldest full- time employee—still working 40 hours a week. [解析]介词for后应接动名词作宾语，故填being。 31. (2019 全国Ⅱ卷) Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans __________ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. [解析]名词plan后接不定式作后置定语, 表示“……的计划”，故填to retire。 32. (2019全国Ⅱ卷) When we got a call _______ (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke. [解析]因call与say是主动关系，故此处应用现在分词 saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，故填 saying。 33. (2019全国Ⅲ卷) On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take ________ (get) there. [解析]此处为“it takes/took+时间+to do sth”固定句型，表示“花费时间做某事”。其中，it 作形式主语， 动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to get。 34. (2019 全国Ⅲ卷) On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm, _________(listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. [解析]句中已有谓语invited, 故listen应作为非谓语动词; 又由we与listen在逻辑上存在着主动关系, 故用 现在分词形式作状语，故填listening。 35. (2018全国Ⅰ卷) You don’t have to run fast or for long _______ (see) the benefit. [解析]句中已有谓语run，故see应为非谓语动词；表示目的，用动词不定式to see，故填to see。 36. (2018全国Ⅰ卷) You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _______ (die) early by running. [解析]在介词后用动名词。顺便提提，虽然也可用名词death作宾语，但有副词early修饰，所以只能用动 名词dying。 37. (2018 全国Ⅱ卷) China’s approach to protecting its environment while _________(feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide”, says the bank’s Juergen Voegele. [解析]因feed与其逻辑主语China之间是主动关系，故用其动词ing形式，构成“连词+动词-ing形式”结 构，故填feeding。 38. (2018全国Ⅲ卷) I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _________ (look) directly into his eyes sohe doesn’t feel challenged. [解析]由于avoid后习惯上用动名词作宾语，即avoid doing sth，意为“避免做某事”，故填looking。 39. (2018全国Ⅲ卷) Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ________ (stay) and watch. [解析]因allow sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事” ，故填to stay。 40. (2017全国Ⅰ卷)Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required _______________ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. [解析]由require sb to do sth可知，用不定式作主补，故填to process。 41. (2017全国Ⅱ卷) This included digging up the road, _______ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof… [解析]与前面的digging 及后面的and then building为并列关系，一起作included的宾语；根据“并列一 致”可知，也应用-ing形式，故填laying (铺)。 考情分析 考情：从最近几年来看，非谓语动词在语法填空中是必考点，每年1~3道，考点集中在以下方面： 1.不定式 1)不定式作补语。如allow sb to do sth, require sb to do sth, invite sb to do sth等。 2)只能接不定式作宾语的动词。如aim to do sth, want to do sth, refuse to do sth等。 3)不定式作目的状语。（见2022年新高考Ⅰ卷、2022年新高考Ⅱ卷、2022年全国乙卷、2021年新高 考Ⅱ卷、2020年全国Ⅱ卷、2018年全国Ⅰ卷和2018年全国Ⅱ卷） 不定式作后置定语。（见2022年全国甲卷、2019年全国Ⅱ卷） 5)固定搭配中的不定式。如it is possible to do sth、be eager to do sth, it takes sb some time to do sth, be likely to do sth, be adj. enough to do sth等。 2.动名词 1)动名词作主语。 2)动名词作介词宾语。这是到目前为止，考频最高的，在六年各卷中考了8次。 3)只能接动名词作宾语的动词。如avoid, include, keep等。 4)固定句型中的动名词。如spend… doing sth等。 3.现在分词 1)现在分词作定语。（见2022年新高考Ⅱ卷、2021年新高考Ⅰ卷和2019年全国Ⅱ卷） 2)现在分词作状语。（见2022年新高考Ⅰ卷、2021年新高考Ⅱ卷和2019年全国Ⅲ卷） 4.过去分词 1)过去分词作表语。(见2021年全国Ⅱ卷) 2)过去分词作宾补。(见2020全国Ⅱ卷) 3)过去分词作定语。(见2022年全国甲卷、2022年全国乙卷和2020年全国Ⅰ卷) 5.有特殊要求的动词或短语动词 (1) 有的动词后只能用不定式而不能接动名词作宾语。 如ask, demand, plan, intend, mean(计划), manage, do/try one’s best, make an attempt, learn, wish, hope, desire, expect, long, want, would like, should like, would prefer(希望；愿意), agree, promise(同意),decide, determine, choose, make a decision, make up one’s mind, offer(主动提出), apply, help, fail(不能；没有), prepare, pretend, refuse, happen(碰巧), afford(负担得起)等。 (2) 有的动词或短语动词后只能用动名词而不能接不定式。如 allow, permit, consider, suggest, advise, keep(on)(反复; 不停), finish, imagine, practice, understand, appreciate, enjoy(喜欢), miss(错过; 怀念), prevent, forbid, escape(避免), include, forgive, pardon, excuse(原谅), dislike(厌恶), discuss, report(报道), admit, mind(介意), risk, can’t stand, burst out, feel like, insist on, delay, put off(推迟), give up, be busy, be worth等。 (3) 下列动词和短语动词后接不定式和接动名词意义不同：remember to do(记住去做)，remember doing(记得做过)；forget to do(忘记去做)，forget doing(忘记做过)；regret to do (遗憾地做)，regret doing(后悔做了)；try to do(设法做)，try doing(试做)；go on to do(接着做另一件事)，go on doing (继 续做同一件事)；mean to do(打算做)，mean doing(意味着)；stop to do(停下来去做)，stop doing(停止 做)；can’t help to do(不能帮助做)，can’t help doing(情不自禁做)。 (4) 在介词后一般用动名词，下面是一些含介词的固定句式(其中有的介词有时会被省略)： prevent/stop/keep… from doing (阻止……做……)；spend/waste time or money in doing (在做……方面 花费/浪费时间或金钱)；How/What about doing sth(做……怎么样？)；have some difficulty/trouble in doing (在做……方面有些困难)；have a hard time in doing sth(做某事很艰难); there is no sense in doing(做……是没有理由/道理的)；thank/ excuse/admire/praise/blame/scold/punish sb for doing sth(因做 某事而感谢/原谅/羡慕/表扬/责备/责骂/惩罚某人)等。 (5) to是介词的固定词组很多，常见的有：look forward to(盼望), devote…to/be devoted to(致力于), be/get used to (习惯), lead to(导致), get down to(开始认真), pay attention to(注意), refer to(谈到), point to(指向), turn to(转向), object to(反对), equal to(等于；能胜任), belong to(属于)等。 (6) 在表示“需要”的need, want, require等后用v.-ing的主动式表示被动含义，此时也可用不定式的被 动 式。 (7) 在make, let, have(使；让)等使役动词后作宾补的不定式要省略不定式符号to，但在被动语态后作 主补时要加上to。在hear, see, watch等感官动词后，作宾补时，用原形表示动作全过程；用现在分 词表示当时正在发生；若是被动语态，原形前要加上to。 解法：当括号内所给词为动词时，首先要看句中是否已有谓语动词了，如果有了，空格前又没有并列连词， 那就是非谓语动词。这时，需考虑用哪种形式。 (1)是否是作介词的宾语。 (2)是否是固定句型或固定搭配。 (3)是否是位于只能接不定式或只能接动名词的动词或短语动词之后。 (4)作目的状语，只能用不定式。 (5)作伴随状语通常要用现在分词。 (6)作定语时，要根据与所修饰词的关系，判断用现在分词还是过去分词。 模拟操练 语法填空 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1. (2023届湖北黄冈期中测试) After _________ (learn) first aid, students volunteer to help people who have had accidents in the water. [解析]介词(after)后用动名词，故填learning。 2. (2023届重庆第四次质检) While ________ (cut) out carbohydrates (碳水化合物) may be good for people, a low-carbon diet usually is recommended only for a short period of time. [解析]从句中may be是谓语动词，从句缺主语，故用动名词短语作主语，故填cutting。 3. I was trying to stay __________(focus) on a magazine article that truly interested me, but try as hard as I could, their energy kept distracting (使分心) me. [解析]句中stay是作“保持”解的系动词，意为“保持专注”，用-ed分词作表语，表示状态，故填 focused。 4. (2020 届福建福州期末) ____________ (stop) the gradual process of climate change, let alone changing it around absolutely, can seem impossible at times. [解析]句中can seem是谓语动词，句子缺主语，故用动名词短语作主语，故填Stopping。 5. (2023 届辽宁沈阳期中考试) After ______________ (offer) a week-long binge (大吃大喝) of waffles, milkshakes and similarly rich foods, the volunteers who used to be healthy scored worse on memory tests and experienced a greater desire to eat junk food. [解析]作介词after的宾语，用动名词；又因volunteers与offer之间为被动关系，故填being offered。 6. (2023届广东普宁阶段检测) It is a big challenge _______ (find) and keep the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites. [解析]这是It is+n. +to do sth (做某事是……)句型。句中it是形式主语，后面的不定式to find and keep…作 真正的主语，故填to find。 7. (2023届浙江温州一模) That’s where seed banks come in, and their goal is ______________ (preserve) as many plant species as possible. [解析]说明主语的内容，指未来的行为，用不定式作表语，故填to preserve。 8. A heavy flood in Ganges river prevented the people ______ (live) the normal city life. [解析]由prevent sb (from) doing可知，故填living。 9. “Today, when I heard that the British Library is collecting Chinese online literature, I’m __________ (delight) for online literature.” she adds. [解析]在系动词am后作表语用形容词，修饰人的感情，应用-ed结尾形容词，意为“感到愉快的”，故填 delighted。 10. Science, to many school-aged children, seems ________ (bore) and difficult. [解析]句中seems是系动词，须接表语；指科学“令人厌倦的”，用-ing分词作表语，故填boring。 11. The children’s TV show is so popular because it is one of the few that families can enjoy together without adults feeling ________ (bore). [解析]在系动词feel后须接表语，表示人“感到无聊的”，用-ed分词作表语，故填bored。 12. The days seem ______ (be) getting longer and the time becomes harder to fill in. [解析]因seem to do sth(似乎要做某事)为固定搭配，故填to be。13. (2023届广东汕头质检) In addition to _________ (make) her incredibly popular, her linguistic powers have made it easier for her to communicate with foreign tourists. [解析]因in addition to(除了……以外)为固定搭配，其中to为介词，后接v.-ing形式，故填making。 14. (2023 届广西北海一模) One of local residents said that her income rose to 3,000 yuan a month after _____________ (hire) by a newly built food factory, while previously she had been only able to make a little money. [解析]因One of local residents与hire在逻辑上是被动关系，且位于介词after后，应使用动名词的被动式， 故填being hird。 15. (2023 届广东广州调研测试) They’re also expected _________ (apply) delicate make-up, put on heavy costumes, depending on their character. [解析]因be expected to do sth为固定搭配，意为“被期望做某事” ，故填to apply。 16. (2023届浙江湖州联考) If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid ___________ (fine) by using a voice-controlled digital assistant. [解析]因avoid后习惯上用动名词作宾语，意为“避免做某事”；又由空后的 by可知，要用被动语态，表 示“避免被罚款”，故填being fined。 17. In his opinion, reducing the quantity of things we produce can lead to some people _______ (lose) their jobs. [解析]因lead to中的to是介词，后用动名词, 其中some people是动名词的逻辑主语，故填losing。 18. However, as people grow older, friendships become more important than family relationships when it comes to __________ (predict) health and happiness. [解析]因when it comes to (当谈到) 中的to是介词，用动名词形式，故填predicting。 19. Inspired by Crazy Horse, Chinese artist Song Peilun devoted his life to ____________ (build) a memorial to the artistic culture of Yelang Valley. [解析]因devote one’s life to doing sth 为固定搭配，其中，to 为介词，意为“献身于做某事” ，故填 building。 20. In the first place, it happens that we have trouble ____________ (express) our minds with appropriate words and phrases. [解析]因have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth (做某事有困难) 是固定句型，故填expressing。 21. The teacher asked them the difficulty they had ___________ (achieve) their dreams. [解析]因have difficulty (in) doing sth是固定句型。句中 (that) they had是定语从句，修饰difficulty。 22. My usual evening is spent _________ (watch) TV and scrolling (上下移动) through social media. [解析]由spend… (in) doing可知，故填watching。 23. (2023 届山东济南期中考试) The books _________ (donate) on Tuesday not only provide a chance of promoting Chinese culture and tourism, but are also a precious gift of friendship from the people of Nanjing to the Maltese people. [解析]因句中已有谓语动词provide，故donate应作为非谓语动词，又因donate与books为被动关系，故用 过去分词作后置定语，故填donated。 24. (2023届广东佛山顺德质检) He aimed __________ (break) the old sexist advocacy that it was women’s virtueto have no talents. [解析]因aim to do sth为固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事” ，故填to break。 25. (2023 届四川泸州一诊) He also gives lectures about the fight against desertification at schools of Alshaa League, hoping ________ (raise) awareness among young people. [解析]因hope to do sth为固定搭配，意为“希望做某事” ，故填to raise。 26. Sometimes, by caring only about the cups, we fail __________ (enjoy) the coffee. [解析]因fail to do sth(未能做某事)是固定搭配，故填to enjoy。 27. We just remember the important information which makes it easy for us _________ (make) wise decisions. [解析]因make/find/consider it+adj. +(for sb) to do sth［使得/发现/认为(某人)做某事很……］是固定句型，其 中it是形式宾语，(for sb) to do sth是真正的宾语make，故填to make。 28. Although these robots cannot go up and down, they know how __________ (press) a button of an elevator. [解析]这是“疑问词+不定式”结构，作动词know的宾语，故填to press。 29. (2023 届吉林一调) Just as many students learn to play Western musical instruments, there are many people ___________ (learn) traditional Chinese folk arts, including Shaanxi kuaiban. [解析]因句中已有谓语动词are，所以learn应为非谓语动词；people与learn是主动关系，用现在分词形式 作定语，故填learning。 30. (2023 届浙江杭州一模) The blue whale, _________ (weigh) more than even the biggest dinosaurs, is the largest animal that has ever lived. [解析]因句中已有谓语动词is，所以weigh应为非谓语动词；主语whale (鲸鱼)与动词weigh (重量为)为主动 关系，故使用现在分词形式作定语，故填weighing。 31. (2023 届四川绵阳一诊) It begins with a seed and ends with a mature plant _____________ (produce) new seeds. [解析]因本句已有谓语动词begins和ends，故produce应为非谓语动词；又因produce和其逻辑主语plant为 主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填producing。 32. (2023届河南焦作期中考试) They followed this ____________ (amaze) creature for three days and nights, but it finally disappeared in the forest. [解析]在名词creature前作定语，用amaze的形容词形式amazing，表示“令人惊奇的”，故填amazing。 33. (2023届广东广州阶段训练) These heritage sites effectively protected China’s representative geological relics, mountains, forests and lakes, along with the rare and ____________ (endanger) animal and plant species. [解析]修饰名词animal and plant species应用形容词，根据语境可知，表示“濒危的”，故填endangered。 34. (2023届吉林一调) Yang Jinlong, 45, is an ___________ (experience) Shaanxi Kuaiban artist. [解析]修饰名词Shaanxi Kuaiban artist应用形容词，表示“有经验的”，故填 experienced。 35. (2023届广东大湾区一模) The Chinese Little New Year is not a ______ (fix) festival as it varies with local customs. [解析]修饰名词festival应用形容词，表示“固定的”，故填fixed。 36. (2023届四川遂宁零诊) To fund their efforts, they sold most of their farm animals and there were only 6 sheep ______ (leave) to support themselves.[解析]因6 sheep与leave是动宾关系，故用过去分词形式作定语。句意：只剩下 6只羊用于养活他们，故 填left。 37. (2023 届湖南郴州一检) The library usually selects works ________ (base) on their popularity or by considering an item’s value. [解析]句中有谓语动词selects，故base应为非谓语动词，又由be based on (以……为根据)固定搭配可知， 要用过去分词形式，故填based。 38. (2023届山东烟台期中考试) Director Liu Hongyan also presented a documentary (纪录片) ____________ (feature) Chinese characters. [解析]因句中已有谓语动词presented，所以feature应为非谓语动词；又因documentary与feature (以……为 特色)两者存在主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填featuring。 39. (2023届湖北黄冈期中测试) He added that if students found a specific topic attractive, they would focus on it and only take part in the labour class ________ (relate) to that topic. [解析]前面已有谓语take part in，所以relate应为非谓语动词；又由be related to固定搭配可知，用过去分词 作后置定语，故填related。 40. (2023届江苏镇江期中调研) A folk music piece ______ (title) “Picturesque Zhejiang” raised the curtains to the opening ceremony of this event, featuring typical elements of Zhejiang, such as silk, tea, bamboo, and poetry. [解析]后面已有谓语raised，所以title应为非谓语动词；又因folk music piece与title是被动关系，故用过去 分词作后置定语，表示“一曲名为《风景如画的浙江》的民间音乐” ，故填titled。 41. (2023届山东潍坊期中测试) However, dozens of civilizations had been around long before the Greeks and Romans, the lesser-known Jiahu people ________ (include). [解析]分析句子成分可知，逻辑主语 the lesser-known Jiahu people和非谓语动词include是被动关系，用过 去分词作后置定语。顺便一提，included只用于名词后，如果在名词前，则需用including，故填included。 42. (2023 届浙江湖州、丽水、衢州质检) The first eSports event was the one ______ (hold) by Stanford University in the 1970s, for the game Spacewar! [解析]因句中已有谓语动词was，故hold应作为非谓语动词，又因the one与hold之间为被动关系，故用过 去分词作后置定语，故填held。 43. (2023年1月浙江卷) In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, ____________ (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. [解析]因句中已有谓语动词was，故surround应作为非谓语动词，又因the Forbidden City与surround为被动 关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，故填surrounded。 44. (2023届四川遂宁零诊) Now, although Wang is suffering from serious health problems and is in his late 70s, he has no plans ________ (quit) his mission. [解析]因have no plans to do sth为固定搭配，用不定式作定语，表示“没有计划去做某事” to quit，故填to quit。 45. (2023届江苏扬州期中考试) After about 12 days of fight, the Chang’e 3 probe successfully soft-landed on the lunar soil, becoming the first Chinese spacecraft on the moon. And China is the first country ________________________ (reach) this goal in nearly four decades.[解析]在有序数词修饰的名词后，一般用不定式作后置定语，故填to reach。 46. Through the old man’s struggle, he shows the ability of human spirit __________ (bear) hardship and suffering in order to obtain greater success and victory. [解析]由the ability to do sth(做某事的能力)是习惯搭配，故用不定式作后置定语，故填to bear。 47. (2023届广西南宁摸底测试) Autumn Equinox (秋分) lies at the midpoint of autumn, __________ (divide) autumn into two equal parts. [解析]因句中已有谓语动词lies，所以divide应为非谓语动词；Autumn Equinox (秋分)与divide是主动关系， 用现在分词短语作状语，故填dividing。 48. Food scientists are trying to develop ways _________ (reduce) the bitterness… [解析]表示“做某事的方法”，way后习惯上接to do sth或of doing sth，故填to reduce或of reducing。 49.Perhaps this was everyone’s Thanks-giving, not for the material things given to us but for the chance, in whatever small way, ________ (give) to others. [解析]表示“做某事的机会或可能性”，the chance 后通常接to do sth或of doing sth。注意，此处的the chance与to give to others之间被in whatever small way隔开了, 故填to give。 50. (2023届江苏常州期中考试) She’s one of several artists interviewed who were unhappy to learn that pictures of their work were used without someone ___________ (inform) them, asking for consent, or paying for their use. [解析]此处是without的复合结构，因someone与inform之间在逻辑上为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。另 外，也可由asking和paying可知，inform与asking和paying并列，也应用-ing形式, 故填informing。 51. (2023届陕西宝鸡一检) With a unique civilization ________ (date) back over 5,000 years, China has always been a place of special fascination for foreigners. [解析]这是“with+宾语+宾补”结构，civilization与date back (追溯)是主动关系，用现在分词短语作宾补， 故填dating。 52. There are plenty of places in the city center _________ (catch) the golden Gingko (银杏) leaves… [解析]表示“可以拾得银杏叶的地方”，用不定式作places的后置定语，故填to catch。 53. (2023 届江苏连云港期中调研) However, with Chinese writing __________ (become) increasingly standardized and simplified, it became a tradition to use Xiaozhuan for seals. [解析]这是“with+宾语+宾补”结构，Chinese writing与become是主动关系，用现在分词短语作宾补，故 填becoming。 54. In the video, the man can be seen ________(hold) his mobile phone in his hand after falling asleep on a Metro… [解析]这是see sb doing(看到某人正在做某事)的被动式，故用现在分词短语作主语补足语，故填holding。 55. Every time I go into Cao’s office, it’s in a huge mess, with computers _________(pull) apart and pieces of telescope all over his desk. [解析]本句为with的复合结构，computers与pull在逻辑上是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语，故填 pulled。 56. This includes chefs and cleaners as well as reception staff, who will assist with conventional check-inprocedures for guests unwilling to have their faces __________(scan) and want to use electronic key cards. [解析]此处为“have+宾语+宾补”结构，因宾语their faces与scan是被动关系，故要用过去分词，故填 scanned。 57. That means paying a high fee to get your smartwatch _________ (repair). [解析]因 your smartwatch 与 repair 是被动关系，用过去分词作宾补，也是 have sth done 结构，故填 repaired。 58. Xia came out from an initial list of 10 nominees (被提名者) before three finalists were made _________ (know) to the public earlier this month. [解析]因three finalists与know之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作主语补足语，故填known。 59. (2023届浙江杭州一模) The scientists believe that a change in the Earth’s climate caused whales ________ (get) so large only about 3 million years ago. [解析]因cause sb/sth to do sth为固定搭配，意为“导致……做某事” ，故填to get。 60. (2023届广西南宁摸底测试) Hosts would invite guests __________(throw) arrows into a pot at a distance with their hands. [解析]因invite sb to do是固定搭配，意为“邀请某人做某事” ，故填to throw。 61. From the first day I arrived in Kunming, I had my understanding of China __________ (change). [解析]此句中的have意为“使得”，其后的宾语understanding与宾补change之间是被动关系，故用过去分 词形式，故填changed。 62. (2023届广东大湾区一模) Chinese Little New Year also means that Chinese people begin to prepare special purchases for the Spring Festival and are ready ________ (spend) a clean Spring Festival. [解析]因be ready to do sth为固定搭配，意为“准备做某事” ，故填to spend。 63. (2023届山东泰安期中考试) Labour courses can teach students ___________(respect) labour and know that labour can create happiness. [解析]因teach sb to do sth是固定短语，意为“教某人做某事” ，故填to respect。 64. There are plenty of breathtaking walks to choose from which will lead you _____________ (discover) Dartmoofs ancient and rugged (崎岖的) charm! [解析]因lead sb to do sth (带领某人做某事)为固定搭配，故填to discover。 65. In a survey, China’s foreign students from 20 countries near the“Belt and Road Initiative”were asked to pick China’s“four new inventions”that they wanted their home countries _______ (use). [解析]由want sb to do sth可知，故填to use。 66. (2023届广东广州阶段训练) These areas have also played an important role in the protection of cultural relics, intangible cultural heritage and historic cities, towns and villages, ________ (bring) in over 14 billion yuan in average annual tourism income for locals. [解析]本句已有谓语动词have played，因此bring应为非谓语动词；又因These areas与bring是主动关系， 故用现在分词作状语，故填bringing。 67. (2023 届广东广州调研测试) They’re also expected to apply delicate make-up, put on heavy costumes, ____________ (depend) on their character, and perform on stage in 15cm platform shoes.[解析]因句中已有谓语动词，所以depend应为非谓语动词；其逻辑主语为前面整个句子，与 depending是 主动关系，用现在分词短语作状语，故填depending。 68. …new ideas are being carried out that encourage us _________(step) out of the fast street and reconnect with nature. [解析]因encourage sb to do sth (鼓励某人做某事)是固定搭配，故填to step。 69. (2023届四川遂宁零诊) They have been fighting with the desert ever since, ___________ (become) a symbol of China’s anti-desertification (治荒漠化) campaign. [解析]因句中已有谓语动词have been fighting，所以become应为非谓语动词；因动词become的逻辑主语是 前面整个句子，两者之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词作结果状语，故填becoming。 70. (2023 届江苏连云港期中调研) They combined seal carving with calligraphy and painting, ___________ (make) this traditional art more popular in China. [解析]本句已有谓语动词combined，因此make应为非谓语动词；又因逻辑主语 (前面的整个句子)与make 是主动关系，故用现在分词，故填making。 71. (2023 届河北沧州摸底考试) Guri Bakri, a 39-year-old conservator of the Jiaohe Ruins, starts her daily inspection at the site as usual, ensuring the safety of tourists and _________ (make) photographic records along the way. [解析]因句中已有谓语动词starts，所以make应为非谓语动词；因Guri Bakri与make是主动关系，用现在 分词短语作状语；另外，也可由ensuring可知，应用-ing形式，故填making。 72. (2023届湖南郴州一检) __________ (cover) themes of science fiction, history, reality and fantasy, these works are viewed as the classics of Chinese online literature from the past 20 years. [解析]句中已有谓语动词are viewed，故空格处应用非谓语动词，又因主语works和cover在逻辑上为主谓 关系，用现在分词短语作状语，句首首字母大写，故填Covering。 73. (2023届江苏无锡期中调研) In the movie, Brahm embarked (开启) on a kung fu pilgrimage (朝圣之旅), ___________________ (travel) to cities in China and the US in search of the origin and value of kung fu. [解析]本句已有谓语动词embarked，因此travel应为非谓语动词；又因Brahm与travel是主动关系，故用现 在分词，故填travel(l)ing。 74. (2023届辽宁沈阳期中考试) When we are full, the hippocampus (海马体) is thought to reduce our memories of delicious food, thereby __________ (reduce) our appetite. [解析]因主句已有谓语is thought，此处应用非谓语动词；又因reduce与逻辑主语hippocampus是主谓关系， 应用现在分词作状语，故填reducing。 75. (2023届山东潍坊期中测试) The area is rich in artifacts, _________ (make) it an archaeologist’s dream. [解析]表示自然结果，用现在分词短语，此处的 making… =which makes…，其中which指前面整个句子， 故填making。 76. (2023届山西大同二调) China’s forest resources have increased by over 70 million hectares in the past decade, _________ (rank) first in the world. [解析]因句中已有谓语动词have increased，所以rank应为非谓语动词；因China’s forest resources与rank是 主动关系，用现在分词短语作伴随状语，故填ranking。77. (2023 届江苏徐州期中考试) The Tibet autonomous region has achieved all-around progress in the sports sector, ________________________ (pour) nearly 5.23 billion yuan into sports projects, officials said at a news conference in Lhasa this Monday. [解析]本句已有谓语动词has achieved，因此pour应为非谓语动词；又因主语The Tibet autonomous region与 pour是主动关系，故用现在分词；也可用现在分词的完成时态，表示非谓语动作发生在谓语动作之前，故 填pouring或having poured。 78. When __________ (walk) into Zhongshuge, you’re surrounded on all sides by a tunnel of books. [解析]这是“连词+分词”结构，因explain与主句主语they之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式，故填 walking。 79. While ____________ (explain) the mysteries (谜) behind the treasure, they share their own stories with these treasures. [解析]这是“连词+分词”结构，因explain与主句主语they之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式，故填 explaining。 80. (2023届河北保定期中测试) ____________ (recognize) as one of the significant ancient remains in the 20th century, the 3000-year-old Sanxingdui is a national treasure buried with a variety of jade, bronze (青铜) and gold objects. [解析]因句中已有谓语动词is，所以recognize应为非谓语动词；又因动词recognize与主语Sanxingdui在逻 辑上为动宾关系，应用过去分词形式作状语，故填recognized。 81. (2023届重庆第四次质检) Butter coffee enjoys tremendous (极大的) popularity nowadays, especially among fitness enthusiasts. Sometimes _________ (refer) to as bulletproof (防弹) coffee, butter coffee is almost exactly what it sounds like. [解析]本句已有谓语动词is，因此refer应为非谓语动词；又因主语butter coffee与refer构成被动关系，应 用过去分词形式。be referred to as为固定搭配，意为“被称为……”，故填referred。 82. (2023 届四川泸州一诊) Saxaul trees are an excellent tree species for sand fixation. ________ (know) as a desert guardian (守护者), a fully grown saxaul tree can hold land. [解析]因句中已有谓语动词can hold，故know应作为非谓语动词；又因a fully grown saxaul tree与know为 被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，在句首首字母应大写，故填known。 83. (2023届河南焦作期中考试) __________ (attract) by the fertile (肥沃的) soil and beautiful scenery there, they decided to settle down and began a new life. [解析]句中已有谓语decided，所以attract应为非谓语动词；又因they与attract是被动关系，应用过去分词 表被动，作原因状语，位于句首首字母需大写，故填Attracted。 84. (2023届吉林一调) He first learned the art at the age of 9. Before that, he often went with his father, an amateur performer, __________ (watch) kuaiban performances. [解析]作目的状语要用动词不定式，故填to watch。 85. (2023届陕西宝鸡一检) In Thornhill’s eyes, China provides a welcoming and accommodating environment for foreigners __________ (follow) their dreams. [解析]作目的状语要用动词不定式，当然，也可将其理解为不定式作后置定语，故填to follow。86. (2023届广西柳州统考) In 2020, Daoqing shadow puppetry witnessed a change when Longdong University introduced it into classrooms ___________ (promote) the learning of the art. [解析]作目的状语要用动词不定式，故填to promote。 87. (2023 届重庆 11月调研) First, the social networking website allows you to find and rediscover friends and then reminds you of these relations, so you are less likely ________ (fall) out of touch with the long-lost school friend, or the family member. [解析]因be likely to do sth为固定搭配，意为“很可能做某事”，故填to fall。 88. In order ____________ (promote) football and the country’s new national fitness program, the project has organized football training for young people in grassroots football leagues across China. [解析]因in order to do sth (为了做某事) 为固定搭配，故填to promote。 89. The center offers students different programs designed ___________ (prepare) them for careers in technical fields. [解析]因be designed to do sth (旨在做某事) 为固定搭配，故填to prepare。 90. It told a story that a couple spared no effort _________ (give) their daughter the best education and finally she was accepted by the elite of Delhi. [解析]因spare no effort to do sth为固定搭配，意为“不遗余力去做某事”，故填to give。 91. They expect students, especially graduate students, to be able ___________ (consult) the reference origins in the library. [解析]因be able to do sth为固定搭配，故填to consult。 92. He was amazed ________ (see) a whole community of creatures swimming in this one drop—tiny beings no one had ever seen before. [解析]在表示情感的形容词后用不定式作状语，表示原因；类似于glad to see you，故填to see。 93.[2023·湖南省高三六校联考]Over the years, the brand has also held various exhibitions and international art exchanges, ________ (become) a window of Chinese traditional culture to the world. [解析]分析句子结构可知，该空在句中作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，且句子的主语 the brand与 become之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填becoming。 94.[2023·九江市第二次模拟]In history, Beijing 2022 is the first Games where all venues (场地) are powered by clean energy and Beijing is the first city in the world ________ (host) both the Summer and Winter Games. [解析]句意：北京2022年冬奥会是历史上第一届所有场馆都使用清洁能源的奥运会，也是世界上第一个同 时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。设空处在句中作非谓语，当名词被序数词修饰时，应用动词不定式的形 式作定语，故填to host。 95.[2023·全国优质校高三大联考]There are now 1，800 giant pandas living in the wild, a number that officials credit to the country's devotion to ________(maintain) nature reserves and other conservation initiatives in recent years. [解析]句意： 目前有1800只野生大熊猫，官员们将这一数字归功于中国近年来致力于维护自然保护区和 其他保护举措。devotion to奉献于，致力于，其中 to 为介词，后跟动名词作宾语，故填maintaining。 96.[2023·丽水、湖州、衢州三地市质量检测]The first eSports event was the one ________ (hold) by StanfordUniversity in the 1970s, for the game Spacewar！ [解析]本句的谓语动词是 was, hold在句中为非谓语，与逻辑主语 one之间构成动宾关系，所以空处填 held。 97.[2023·济南名校高三交流联考]In 1991, a photograph of the then 8-year-old Su, with a pair of large, crystal- clear eyes ________ (cry) for knowledge, touched numerous people. [解析]分析句子结构可知，此处为 with复合结构，又因为eyes与cry之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故填 crying。 98.[2023·厦门市第二次质量检测]So eager was she to be a crew member that she overcame many difficulties and ultimately became ________ (qualify)． [解析]句意：她是如此渴望成为一名船员，她克服了许多困难，最终合格了。系动词 became后接形容词作 表语。主语是人，所以用-ed形式形容词，故填qualified。 99.[2023·武汉市高三年级模拟(一)]They are building high-end farm and village resorts that integrate with rural cultures nationwide ________ (attract) more travelers. [解析]句意：他们正在建设与全国农村文化相融合的高端农场和乡村度假村，吸引更多的游客。分析句子 结构可知，这里是要用动词不定式做目的状语，故填to attract。 100.[2023·河北省高三学生全过程纵向评价]A 2011 mission failed when a Russian rocket ________(carry) a Chinese orbiter had problems after launch, and was unable to escape Earth's orbit. [解析]句意：2011年的一次任务失败了，当时搭载中国轨道飞行器的俄罗斯火箭在发射后出现问题，无法 脱离地球轨道。根据句子结构可知carry在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语rocket构成主动关系，故 用现在分词作定语，故填carrying。 101.[2023·泉州市高三质量监测一]However, a recently ________ (launch) WeChat mini program is allowing every history enthusiast to be a hero in a virtual world, where one not just climbs the Great Wall, but also protects it. [解析]分析句子结构可知，空处需要用形容词修饰WeChat mini program，因launch与WeChat mini program 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以空处应该填过去分词launched作定语，故填launched。 102.[2023·山东省潍坊市模拟]In addition to providing visitors with a rare insight into the world of art conservation, ________ (conduct) the treatments in original place allows the sculptures to be treated in the same natural light in which they are being exhibited currently. [解析]句意：除了为游客提供一个罕见的艺术保护世界的见解，在原处进行处理，允许雕塑在它们被展出 的相同的自然光下被处理。空格处用动名词conducting作主语，故填conducting。 103.[2023·山东师范大学附中考前打靶]Not only have parents been trying to find ways for their kids ________ (fill)their days without interactions with other siblings(兄弟姐妹)or peers, but they've been worrying about how staying alone is affecting them. [解析]句意：父母们不仅一直在想办法让孩子们在不与其他兄弟姐妹或同龄人互动的情况下打发时间，还 一直担心独自一人会对他们造成什么影响。way to do做某事的方法，故填to fill。 104.[2023·黄冈中学高三适应性考试]The middle class has the means ________ (travel) outside China. The second one is an increase in online information with a content of quality.[解析]句意：中产阶级有出国旅游的手段。分析句子结构可知，动词不定式to travel作后置定语，修饰名词 means，故填to travel。 105.[2023·菏泽模拟]Yungang Grotteoes in Datong, Shanxi Province, ________ (date) back to more than 1，500 years ago, are a world cultural heritage site. [解析]分析句子结构可知， 空处为非谓语， date 与Yungang Grotteoes之间为逻辑上的主谓关系， 故填 dating 作定语。 106.[2023·湖北省七市调研]________(get) through to the final in the game, the player has to do good deeds and serve people heart and soul like Lei Feng. [解析]句意：为了进入比赛的决赛，玩家必须做好事，像雷锋一样全心全意地为人民服务，故填To get。 107.[2023·河南省高考适应性练习]As darkness falls, the best place ________ (witness)the city is on the wall, where one can't help but imagine the distant past. [解析]分析句子结构可知此处用作定语，因其所修饰的名词前有最高级修饰，所以应用不定式作定语，故 填to witness。 108.[2023·辽宁县级重点高中协作体一模]Even though people initially laughed at him, he finally managed ________ (give) his hometown a path available to the nearby town. [解析]句意：尽管一开始人们都嘲笑他，但他最终还是为自己的家乡开辟了一条通往附近城镇的道路。 manage to do是固定短语，意为“设法完成了某事”，因此空格处是不定式to give，故填to give。 109.[2023·山西运城考前模拟] Lola got ________ (lose) when the Mejeurs were visiting a friend in Elk Grove [解析]句意： 2017年，Mejeurs夫妇在埃尔克格罗夫村拜访朋友时，Lola迷路了。此处 got 为系动词， get lost “迷路”为固定搭配， 故填形容词lost。 110.[2023· 武 汉 市 高 三 模 拟 ]Fu believes it was his scientific approach to training that enabled him ________(overcome)those difficulties and reach his destination. [解析]句意：傅认为，正是他的科学训练方法使他能够克服这些困难并到达目的地。固定短语 enable sb. to do sth.意为“使某人做某事”，故填to overcome。 111.[2023·厦门市第四次质量检测]They find comfort among the shelves ________ (pack) high with books and appreciate the smiling faces of librarians eager to help. [解析]句意：他们在堆满书籍的书架上找到了安慰，欣赏图书馆管理员渴望帮助的笑容。动词pack意为 “把……大量放进，装满”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语shelves之间构成被动关系，且动作已完成， 所以应用过去分词作后置定语，故填packed。 112.[2023·山东青岛市一模]Despite being two goals behind South Korea in the first half, the Chinese women's national football team got three in the second half with two goals ________ (score) in just five minutes. [解析]句意：虽然在上半场落后韩国队2球，但中国女足在下半场5分钟内连进2球，共进3球。此处为 with的复合结构，名词 two goals与动词score是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作宾语补足语，故填 scored。 113.[2023·山东省烟台市、德州市高三一模]It's used in combination with an ink stone. The painter wets the ink stone and then grinds (研磨) the ink stick on the stone, ________ (make) the ink run so that it can be used for painting.[解析]句意：油漆工润湿墨水石，然后在石头上研磨墨水棒，使墨水运行，以便它可以用于绘画。分析句 子可知，句子的谓语动词是wets和grinds表示意料之中的结果，故make用非谓语动词形式作状语，make 与主语The painter是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，表示理所应当的结果，故填making。 114.[2022·浙江卷1月]That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans ________ (continue) the practice. [解析]plan to do sth.意为“计划做某事”，为固定搭配，故填to continue。 115.[2023·雅礼中学模拟二]However, some of us often find ourselves ________ (reserve) a table for one in a restaurant. But is dining alone really that bad? Maybe not. [解析]句意：然而，我们中的一些人经常发现自己在餐馆里为一个人预定了一张桌子。此处为 find＋宾语 ＋宾补结构，ourselves与reserve构成主动关系，故填reserving。 116.[2023·山东省烟台市、德州市一模]In fact, much remains ________ (learn) about traditional Chinese painting and its elements. Through appreciating Chinese painting, you will have a better understanding of traditional Chinese culture and Chinese people. [解析]句意：事实上，关于中国传统绘画及其元素，还有很多值得学习的地方。分析句子可知，remain是 系动词，接不定式作表语，根据句意，主语much与谓语动词learn是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式，故 填to be learned/to be learnt。 117.[2023·聊城市第一次模拟]They failed ________ (uncover) the myth of “wild man”， but discovered the area's rich biodiversity. [解析]句意：他们没能揭开“野人”的神秘面纱，却发现了该地区丰富的生物多样性。固定短语 fail to do 表示“没能做成某事”，符合语境，所给动词 uncover应使用动词不定式形式作 fail的宾语，故填 to uncover。 118.[2023·河北省沧州市高考模拟]This could prevent the fries ________ (get) wet and rotting away during the 5- 8 weeks' journey across the Atlantic Ocean. [解析]句意：这可以阻止薯条在5－8周的跨越大西洋的航行中变潮湿，变腐烂。为prevent…from doing sth.，from为介词，后跟动名词做宾语，故填getting。 119.[2023·南通市高三考前练习卷]He used to be addicted to electronic devices and stay up late every night, ________ (trap) in an unhealthy daily routine. [解析]句意：他曾经沉迷于电子设备，每晚熬夜，陷于不健康的日常生活中。分析句子结构可知，句中已 有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作状语，和句子的主语之间为被动关系，故填trapped。 120.[2023·惠州市高三第一次调研] ________ (eat) so-called “junk food” does activate the brain's reward system, but the happiness is short-lived because it's not the deep reward of real comfort. [解析]分析句子结构可知，“________ so-called ‘junk food’”为非谓语动词短语作主语，且表示“吃所谓的 垃圾食品”，故空处填Eating，注意首字母大写，故填Eating。 121.[2023·连云港市考前模拟一]It is, therefore, urgent ________ (update) our curricula by introducing the recent developments in the relevant fields. [解析]句意：因此，迫切需要通过介绍相关领域的最新发展来更新我们的课程。分析句子结构，It是形式 主语，空处应用不定式形式，作真正的主语，故填to update。122.[2023·泰安市高考全真模拟]As a matter of fact, there is no ________ (fix) ways for the Double Ninth cake, but super cakes have as many as nine layers, looking like a tower. [解析]句意：事实上，重阳糕并没有固定的做法，但超级蛋糕有多达九层，看起来像一座塔。空格处用形 容词作定语，修饰名词ways，故填fixed, 意为“固定的”。 123.[2023·江苏省连云港市模拟二]To feed the seven billion people on Earth, most farmers today are growing only species of plants that are easy ________(produce) in large numbers. [解析]句意：为了养活地球上70亿人口，今天大多数农民只种植易于大量生产的植物品种。be easy to do sth.做某事是容易的，固定搭配， 故填to produce。 124.[2023·河北省高考适应性考试]“It has really given me the desire to visit China, in particular to explore the traditional ink artwork，” said Marianne Simon, an MA (文学硕士) student ________(major) in publishing and creative writing at Kingston University. [解析]根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词。Marianne Simon, an MA student与major是主谓关 系，故用现在分词表主动，作后置定语， 故填majoring。 125.[2023·山东省高三大联考]He plans to pursue his career in the mainland after ________ (complete) his studies. [解析]句意：他计划完成学业后到大陆发展。介词 after 后面应用动名词 completing 做宾语， 故填 completing。 126.[2023·汕头市模拟]Although Liu's dance moves look simple, they are often too intense for his audience ________ (follow )． [解析]分析句意可知，此处为“too＋形容词＋to do sth.”句型，表示“太……而不能”，故填to follow。 127.[2023·山东师范大学附中考前打靶]For teenagers, some have learned how to use a sewing machine and made a couple of projects; some are working on a social studies project which involves ________ (construct)a family tree including researching relatives alive in the 1800s. [解析]句意：对于青少年来说，有些人已经学会了如何使用缝纫机，并做了几个项目；有些人正在从事社 会研究项目，其中包括构建一个家谱，包括研究活在19世纪的亲属。involve doing sth.包括做某事，故填 constructing。