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专题 25 语法填空 有提示词
备考 2023 年高考英语二轮复习讲练测--讲练
命题解读
语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用,强调词汇的变形。同时强调语篇分析能力,凸显
交际性和语境化特征。一篇约200词左右的短文中留出10个空白,部分空白后面给出单词的基本形式,要求
考生根据上下文在空白处填写1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。
考点特征
1. 提示词为动词
2. 提示词为名词
3. 提示词为形容词
4. 提示词为代词
解题策略
1. 动词考虑是谓语还是非谓语
谓语则考虑时态、语态、主谓一致;
非谓语则考虑非谓语的解题思路,主动关系、被动关系和 固定搭配等原则;
2. 名词考虑变为复数形式、形容词、或动词派生词;
3. 形容词考虑变为副词、比较级、否定前缀或名词派生词;
4. 代词则根据上下文空格前后的词判断用何种代词形式。答题技巧 一 提示词为动词
一 考查谓语动词
若句中无谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关系时,所给动词就是谓语动词;此
时,应先考虑时态,考生可以根据句中的时间状语或语篇提示确定时态,然后考虑语态,最后需考虑主谓一致
和语气问题,来确定谓语动词的数。
真题典例
1. (2022年新高考I卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___58___ (be)previously unprotected,
bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___59___
(increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
【答案】were
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有
的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知,空处在 that引导的
定语从句中作谓语,先行词为a significant number of areas,先行词在从句中作主语,根据“previously (之前
地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语复数,从句谓语要用复数形式。故填were。
2. (2022年新高考I卷)
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___60___ (design)to
reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving
biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___61 and___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for
future generations”.
【答案】 is designed
【解析】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生
物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知,空处在句中作谓
语,和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系;叙述客观事实,应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的
被动语态,主语单数,谓语应用单数形式。故填is designed。
3.Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country __ __ (grow) more corn than rice.
【答案】has grown
【解析】分析句子成分可知,空格所在的句子中缺少谓语动词。根据时间状语Since 2011可知,谓语动词需用
现在完成时,根据句意可知应用主动语态,再根据主谓一致原则可知填has grown。
二 考查非谓语动词
若句中已有谓语动词,空处又不在句中作并列谓语时,所要填的通常是非谓语动词,此时需进一步确定是非谓
语动词的哪种形式。一般来说,作主语、宾语、表语、定语通常用动名词形式;此外,doing表示主动、正在
进行;done表示被动、完成;to do表示尚未发生的动作。
真题典例
1. (2022年新高考I卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___58_ were __ (be)previously unprotected,
bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___59___ (increase)effectiveness
and reduce inconsistencies in management.
【答案】to increase
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫
保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知,空处应填动词非谓语形式作
目的状语,故空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to increase。
2. ___56___ (cover)an area about three times ___57_the__ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one
of the first national parks in the country.
【答案】Covering
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。
分析句子可知,空处应填动词非谓语形式作状语,空处和逻辑主语the GPNP为主动关系,应用现在分词形式
作状语,首字母大写。故填Covering。
三 考查派生词
有时所给提示词虽然是动词,但是空格处既不是考查谓语动词也不是考查非谓语动词,而是要求填所给词的派
生词。此时要结合空格处前后的修饰词来确定所给提示词应派生为哪种词性。一般考查动词派生为名词,有时
还需考虑动词变为形容词甚至副词。
This switch has decreased __66__ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer
for people.
【答案】pollution
【解析】分析句子成分可知空格前面有谓语动词has decreased,其后缺少宾语,故填名词pollution。
答题技巧 二 提示词为名词
所给提示词为名词时,通常考查可数名词的单数变复数,或名词派生为形容词、动词等。
真题典例
1.(2022年新高考I卷)
The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___62___【答案】populations
【解析】考查名词。句意:GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生
大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知,空处和and后的复数名词homes并列,且在句中作宾语,应用可数名词
population ,意为“种群”,且应用复数形式。故填populations。
3. ( 2022年浙江卷6 月 )
John Olson, a former ____38____ (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models.
【答案】photographer
【解析】考查名词。句意:约翰·奥尔森是一位前摄影师,他和他的团队将绘画转化为全纹理3D模型。单数名
词做主语,根据句意表示“摄影师”,此处为单数概念,故填photographer。
答题技巧 三 提示词为形容词
当提示词为形容词或副词时,需考虑是否是考查比较级或形容词和副词之间的相互转换。当提示词为形容词
时,还要考虑是否需要转换为名词形式。
真题典例
(2022年新高考I卷)
The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___62__populations _ (population)and homes of
giant pandas, and ___63___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
【答案】eventually
【解析】考查副词。句意:GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生
大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知,空处后为动词 achieve,空处应用副词作状语修饰动词achieve,结合语意可
知,此处意为“最终”,应用副词eventually。故填eventually。
真题典例
(2022年浙江卷6月 )
For Luc, this means ____44____ (independent).
【答案】independence
【解析】考查名词。句意:对卢克来说,这意味着独立。不可数名词 independence作mean的宾语。 故填
independence。答题技巧 四 提示词为代词
所给提示词是代词时,一般考查人称代词变为物主代词。有时需考虑人称代词单数变为复数、主格变为宾格、
人称代词变为反身代词等。
真题典例
1.On my recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by __68__ (it) mother.
【答案】its
【解析】mother是名词,所填词作定语修饰mother,故填其形容词性物主代词its。
3. When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ___ (they) alive.
【答案】them
【解析】因空处作动词find的宾语,故应填人称代词的宾格形式,即them。
真题练一练
放下
1.(2022年浙江卷6月 )
To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting ____36____
(appreciate) by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not ____37____ (do).
【答案】36.be appreciated 37.to do
【解析】
36.考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意:但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢?主语 a painting 与谓语
appreciate 为被动关系,且置于情态动词 can 之后,所以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。 故填 be
appreciated。
37.考查不定式。句意:通过触摸,这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要
做某事”为固定短语。故填to do。
2. (2022年浙江卷6月 )
Blind people recognize shapes with their ____40____ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of ____41____
(sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.【答案】 40.existing 41.sighted
【解析】
40.考查形容词。句意:哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说,盲人用他们现有的感
官识别形状,在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing作定语,修饰sense。故填existing。
41.考查形容词。句意:哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说,盲人用他们现有的感
官识别形状,在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词 sighted作定语修饰名词people,表示“能看见的、不盲
的”。故填sighted。
3. (2022年浙江卷6月 )
When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ____43____ (notice)her smile right away. ”I
can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said.
【答案】 noticed
【解析】考查时态。句意:当他触摸到莱昂纳多·达·芬奇的3D版《蒙娜丽莎》时,他立刻注意到了她的微笑。
根据“he felt”可知,本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。
4. (2022年全国乙卷 )
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___63___ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main
promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___64___ (large) tea-producing country, China has
a ___65___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can
help to build a community with a ___66___ (share) future for mankind,” he said.
【答案】 63.addressed 64.largest 65.responsibility 66.shared
【解析】
63.考查动词的时态。句意:中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。分析句意可知,本句是陈述过去事情,所
以用一般过去时。故填addressed。
64.考查形容词最高级。句意:中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国,作为国际茶日的主要推动者,中国有责任与
其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知,中国是最大产茶国,所以用形容词的最高
级形式。故填largest。
65.考查名词。句意:中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国,作为国际茶日的主要推动者,中国有责任与其他国家
共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。
66.考查非谓语动词。句意:这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。因
为语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。
5. (2022年全国乙卷 )___68___ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional
activities on social media, ___69___ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six
hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening _____70_____
(it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
【答案】68.To strengthen 69.inviting 70.its
【解析】
68.考查非谓语动词。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请
了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知,此处表达“为了加强与年轻
人的联系”,需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。
69.考查非谓语动词。句意:同上。分析句式结构可知,此处为非谓语动词作状语,逻辑主语 the event与
invite之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语,表主动关系。故填inviting。
70.考查代词。句意:在开幕式上,中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌,开启了它的第一个展览:大道遗真——普洱茶
专题展。分析句式结构可知,名词exhibition前应该用形容词性物主代词来修饰。故填its。
综合练一练
1.(2021年全国甲卷)
The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It 1 (build)
originally to protect the city 2 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is
possible 3 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of
people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After 4 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for
some action and what 5 (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
We 6 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 7 did the
job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 8 way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours,
but we stopped at the different gates and 9 (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going
about their 10 (day) routines.
【答案】was built ; in ; to walk ; spending ; better ; hired ; but ; the ; watchtowers ; daily
【文章大意】本文是一篇游记,作者向我们简要地介绍了西安古城墙以及他自己骑自行车游完整个城墙的所见
所闻。【解析】1.考查动词的时态/语态以及主谓一致。根据句子结构可知,空格填写谓语动词, 又因it指代前面
The Xi'an City Wall,和build是被动关系,且是在 the Tang dynasty被建立,故用过去式的被动语态。本句句意:
它最初是在唐代为保护这座城市而建的,现在已经完全修复。故填was built。
2. 考查介词。在唐朝the Tang dynasty,是段时间,故填 in。
3.考查非谓语动词。本句是典型的It is adj. + to do的形式,故填 to walk 。
4 .考查非谓语动词。After 介词后加doing形式,故填spending。
5.考查形容词的词性转换。根据句中 "than" 可知,应该填写形容词的比较级的形式,故填better。
6.考查动词的时态。根据句子的结构可知空格应该填写谓语动词,根据后文 My bike was old可知, 应该为过
去的时态,主语为we, 为主动语态,故填hired。
7.考查连词。此处表示我的自行车又旧又晃,后面能用。所以是转折的关系,故填but。
8.考查冠词。 all the way 为固定搭配,意为 "自始自终,一路上" 。故填the。
9.考查名词。根据句子结构, and 前后一致, and前是the different gates,名词的复数形式,所以空格也应该
是名词的复数形式。故填watchtowers。
10.考查形容词。此处表示 "观察当地人的日常生活" ,修饰routines, 故用形容词,故填daily。
2.(2021年全国乙卷)
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from
traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1 (educate) about the areas—both in terms of
geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits
the 2 (develop) of the local areas.
Ecotourism has 3 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a
travel concept 4 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to 5 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 6 trips are
now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
●Minimize the impact of 7 (visit) the place.
●Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
●Provide 8 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
●Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique
biodiversity. 9 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking ( 远 足 ) and accommodations
aim 10 (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
【答案】educated ; development ; its ; until ; the ; of ; visiting ; financial ; Activities ; to have【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,本文向读者简要介绍了以生态环境为主要景观的旅游起源和特点。
【解析】
1. 考查形容词作表语。根据空前为become可知,空格处所填词应作become的表语。句意:这与传统的旅游
业不同,因为它可以使游客了解到这些区域的一些知识。故填educated。
2. 考查名词作宾语。根据空前冠词the和空后介词of可知,空格应填名词。句意:……并且对于当地地区的
发展有益。故填development。
3. 考查形容词性物主代词。空格所填词与空后的origin一起作has的宾语;同时与空后的origin构成限定关系,
因此应填形容词物主代词。句意:生态旅游业起源于20世纪70年代的环保运动。故填its。
4. 考查时间介词。根据空前有 not可知,此处until与not一起构成固定用法not… until,意为 "直到……
才……" 。句意:直到20世纪80年代后期,它才作为一种旅游概念被广泛接受。故填until。
5. 考查定冠词。空格处所填词与空后的 growing popularity of…一起作to的宾语,构成the growing popularity
of…的固定用法。句意:因为与环境相关的且有冒险性的旅行越来越流行……。故填the。
6. 考查介词。根据空格前后为名词并具有所属关系。句意:……各种各样的旅行被归类于生态旅行。故填
of。
7. 考查非谓语动词。分析题目,句子中已经有一个谓语动词,判断空格处填非谓语动词。空处作介词 of的宾
语,所以应使用动名词作介词宾语。句意:最小化参观一个地方的影响。故填visiting。
8. 考查形容词。空前为动词,空后为名词,故判断此空填形容词形式修饰后面的名词aid。因此应使用finance
的形容词形式financial。句意:为当地居民提供经济帮助和其他益处。故填financial。
9. 考查可数名词复数。空格所填词作主语,同时谓语动词 range为非三单形式,因此应使用名词复数形式。句
意:那里有从鲸鱼观赏到远足等活动……。故填Activities。
10. 考查非谓语动词。分析题目,句子中已经有一个谓语动词,判断此处填非谓语动词。aim to do sth,意为
"目的在于做某事" ,因此应填不定式形式。句意:……并且食宿是为了对自然环境有小的影响。故填 to
have。
3.(2021年6月浙江卷)
It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Pohomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown
Springfield, Illinois, 1 (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the publie. Beautifully restored(修
复)tp its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought
it 2 $ 1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their 3 (marry) ceremony in 1842.
When the house was built, it was much 4 (small) than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, pretty, "The little
home 5 (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was areflection of 6 (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order."
Although Mary loved flowers, 7 she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long-time neighbor
said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came
over 8 (plant) flowers in the front yard.
9 Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented
the house and 10 (sell) most of their furniture.
【答案】has proved 或 has proven ; for ; marriage ; smaller ; was painted ; herself ; neither ; to plant ; The ; sold
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了在伊利诺伊州的首府斯普林菲尔德市中心林肯的家的相关情况。
【解析】
1.考查现在完成时。结合句中since一词,可以判断句子的谓语应该用现在完成时。句意:自从它开放后,林
肯的家已经证明是让游客们不可抵挡地想去参观的。
2.考查介词。buy sth. for +价格,表示以什么价格购买某物。句意:1844年,他们以1200美元的价格购买了这
个房子和一些地。
3.考查名词。此题考查动词变名词,marry→marriage,这里表示结婚仪式。句意:Charles Dresser 于1842年在
这里举行了他们的结婚仪式。
4.考查形容词的比较级,句中有than这个提示词,much修饰比较级。句意:当房子建好时,它比现在要小得
多。
5.考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意:这个小房子被粉刷成白色。房子被粉刷,所以用被动。动作发生在过去,
所以用一般过去时。
6.考查反身代词。句意:她非常漂亮,并且她的房子就是她的写照,每件东西都摆放整齐,品味也很好。
7.考查连词,neither…nor…,既不……也不…(两者都不)。句意:虽然玛丽喜欢花,但是她和她的丈夫都没
有以园艺者而著称。
8.考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意:玛丽的妹妹经常来拜访,在前院里种些花。
9.考查定冠词the,the Linclons 林肯一家人。the+姓氏的复数,表示一家人。句意:林肯一家人在1856年把房
子扩建为一栋二楼,以满足他们日益增长的家人的需求。
10.考查一般过去时。句意:1861年,林肯被选举为国家总统后,他们租了房子并且卖掉了大部分的家具。rent
和sold为并列谓语,用and连接,所以都用一般过去时。
4.(2021年1月浙江卷)In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index(体重指数)across 200 countries the scientists found that
people worldwide are getting heavier 1 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMT in rural areas.
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 2 gives an indication of whether someone is a
healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 3 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI
of between 19 and 25 4 (consider) healthy.
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 5 2.1 in women and men. In
cities, however, the gain 6 (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men.
The researchers described "striking changes" in the geography of BMI. In 1985, urban men and women in more
than three quarters of the countries 7 (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years
later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 8 (sharp).
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 9 (live) in the countryside, including 10 (low)
levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
【答案】and ; that 或 which ; person's ; is considered ; by ; was ; studied ; sharply ; living ; lower
【解析】1.文章大意:介绍了一项关于体重指数的研究,描述了不同时期城乡体重指数的差异及其背后的原因。
考查连词。句意:科学家人们发现人们越来越胖了,这个现象背后的原因是偏远地区人们体重指数的增加。分
析句子结构可知 that people worldwide are getting heavier 和 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural
areas.都是found引导的宾语从句,是并列关系,故答案为and。
2 .考查关系代词。句意:BMI是全球公认的表示体重是否处于健康状态的测量工具。分析句子结构可知 gives
an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.是BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 的定
语从句,先行词为tool, 故答案为that/which。
3.考查名词所有格。句意:BMI的计算方式是用人的体重数(以千克为单位)除以身高数(以米为单位)的平
方。分析句子结构 It is calculated by dividing a (person) weight可知weight和person是从属关系。故答案为
person's。
4.考查被动语态。句意:介于19-25的BMI数值被认为是健康的。分析句子结构a BMI of between 19 and 25
(consider) healthy.可知 Consider做谓语,主语是单数,根据句意谓语动词应为被动且时态为一般现在时,故答
案为 is considered。
5.考查介词。句意:研究发现1985-2017年间,男人和女人BMI的平均数值上升了2.1。increase by+数值表示
增长了多少,故答案为by。
6.考查系动词。句意:然而在城市里,女人增长数值是 1.3,男人增长为1.6。分析句子结构可知主the gain是
单数且该句陈述过去研究数据时态为一般过去时,故答案为was。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意:1985年,这个国家3/4的城市里的被调查男女的BMI值比偏远山区的男女数值高。分析句子结构可知study做urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries的定语,动词分词做
定语与逻辑主语是被动关系,故答案为 studied。
8.考查副词。句意:30 年后,很多国家的 BMI 数值的城乡差异急剧下降。根据句子结构可知 the BMI
difference… had narrowed (sharp). 修饰动词narrow要用副词,故答案为 sharply。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意:这可能是因为住在乡村的人们的条件不好。分析句子结构可知 live in the
countryside是people的后置定语,动词分词作定语且live与逻辑主语people是主动关系, 故答案为living。
10.考查形容词比较级。句意:乡下的人条件差一些,包括更低的收入和教育水平,更高的健康食物花销和更
少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知levels of income and education与higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports
facilities. 是并列关系,前后结构要一致由higher和fewer可知low要用形容词比较级,故答案为lower。
5.(2022年全国甲卷)
A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___61___
(journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
On the 1,100 kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___62___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car
accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International
Cooperation ___63___ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk
Road. ___64___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___65___ (protect). Cao
believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___66___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000
plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
In the last five years. Cao ___67___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the
top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___ (high) mountain.
Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700
kilometers ___69___ Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, ____70____ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
【答案】
61.to journey 62.who 63.held 64.A 65.protection 66.meaningful 67.has walked 68.
highest 69.from 70.planning
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个有视力障碍的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。
61.考查非谓语动词。句意:近日,一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安,作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的
第一步。step前面有序数词first,应用不定式,作后置定语。故填to journey。
62.考查定语从句。句意:在1100公里的旅程中,8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的 40个
城市和县。此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词为 the man,在从句中作主语,应用关系代词 who引导。故填
who。
63.考查非谓语动词。句意:受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发,曹决定徒步穿越这条
路线,以向古代丝绸之路致敬。动词hold意为“举行”,和谓语之间没有连词,和逻辑主语“the Belt and
Road Forum”之间构成被动关系,且动作已完成,应用过去分词,作后置定语。故填held。
64.考查冠词。句意:他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。此处名词friend第一次出现,所以应用
不定冠词表示泛指,且friend是以辅音音素开头的词,应用不定冠词a。故填A。
65.考查名词。句意:曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾,以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词 environmental可
知,此处应用名词protection,作宾语,protection表示“保护”时,是不可数名词。故填protection。
66.考查形容词。句意:曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是 make复合结构,应用形容词
meaningful表示“有意义的”,作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。
67.考查动词时态。句意:在过去的五年中,曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力马扎罗山
顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语Cao为第三人
称单数,助动词用has。故填has walked。
68.考查形容词最高级。句意:在过去的五年中,曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力马扎
罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知,此处是指三者或三者以上的比较,应用形容词最高级。
故填highest。69.考查介词。句意:9月20日,他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据
句意和Xi’an to Kashgar可知,此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”,应用介词 from,固定搭配from…to…表示
“从……到……”。故填from。
70.考查非谓语动词。句意:9月20日,他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。
动词 plan 意为“计划”,和谓语之间没有连词,和主语构成主动关系,应用现在分词,作状语。故填
planning。
6.(2022年1月浙江卷)
Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of
academics ___31___ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures,
workshops, and the like frequently by plane ____32____(view) as important for scientists to get together and
exchange information. But Cobb and others ____33____ (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to
provide more chances to participate remotely, and ____34____(change) their personal behavior to do their part in
dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, _____35_____(rough)
200 academics - many of them climate scientists ____36____ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort
started two years ago.
Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ___37___ she could do so
remotely; about three-quarters of ___38___ time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the
____39____ (invite). That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans
_______40_______(continue) the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change."
【答案】31. who、that 32. is viewed/has been viewed 33. are 34. changing
35. roughly 36. have promised 37. whether/if 38. the 39. invitation 40. to continue
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个由学者团体发行的实践,目的是为了减少学术飞行以应对气候变化
危机。
【31题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学者中的
一员,因为气候变化,他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语,应使
用关系代词替代,故填that/who。
【32题详解】
考查被动语态。句意:对科学家而言,旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时,此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认知,动名
词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系,故填is viewed或has been viewed。
【33题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法,推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会
以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机,他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知,此处也应使用现
在进行时,主语为复数,故填are。
【34题详解】
考查时态。句意:但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法,推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽
自己的能力来应对气候变化危机,他们正在改变他们的个人行为。分析句子结构可知,此处and连接并列的动
词questioning和change,故填changing。
【35题详解】
考查副词。句意:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有200个学者,他
们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”,故填roughly。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有200个学者,他
们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时,故填have
promised。
【37题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意:对于她的出席,Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现
了一个宾语从句,宾语从句句意不完整,whether/if“是否”符合语境,故填whether或if。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意:大约有四分之三的时间,他们同意了。此处特指Cobb询问的时间范围内,故填the。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意:当答案是否定的时候,她拒绝了那个邀请。此处需填入名词作动词decline的宾语,故填
invitation。
【40题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意:他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式,plan to do sth“计划做”,故填to
continue。