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专题 17 阅读理解 记叙文
备考 2023 年高考英语二轮复习讲练测--讲练
命题解读
记叙文是一种记叙事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。
从内容来看：传记、游记、小说、寓言、散文等都属于记叙文。
从写作顺序看：往往以时间顺序或按照事件的发展顺序来展开。最后升华总结作者的感悟。
考点分布
1. 细节理解
2. 词义猜测
3. 主旨大意
4. 推理判断
解题策略
1. 一般故事性记叙文，通读全文，了解故事的发生、发展、高潮和结局；
2. 寓言哲理类记叙文，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义，尤其关注故事结尾的升华；
3. 逸闻趣事，人物传记类记叙文，要体会对话的风格，感受故事的精髓。
3.注意：阅读时还应当关注下列词：
but, however, yet, still, in fact, as a matter of fact, on the contrary，unlike, by contrast, (be) compared with, in
comparison，like, such as, for example, for instance, take ... as an example，because, for, since, as, so, thus,
therefore, consequently, cause, because of, due to, thanks to, as a result (of), result in/from, lead to等。
一 细节理解题
常见设问方式
What's the moint of the passage?
Which of the passage?
In this pas
The general/m
解题技能
解答细节理解题，常见的方法就是定位法。即根据题干或选项中的线索词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进
行比较从而确定答案，同时要特别注意同义转换。
一 关键信息定位法
若题中有数字、人物名字、地点名词等等，就可以在文章中快速圈出对应词，再找出数字词所对应的细节信息。其他还包括一些提示情节发展或条理性关键词，如First, next, finally等。
二 同义定位法
同义定位即问题所用的关键词和文中的不一致，如fortnight，文中则以two weeks来代替。需要弄懂问题，找
准根据，从而依附原文，正确解题。
典例剖析
（2022年浙江卷6月 ）
Pasta and pizza were on everyone’s lunch menu in my native land of Italy. Everyone who had such a lunch was
fair-skinned and spoke Italian. A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in
Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from those kids with pale skin and large
blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. The food choices were almost as diverse as the students. In front
of me was an array of foods I couldn’t even name in my native language. Fearing that I would pick out something
awful, I desperately tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a recommendation. Unfortunately, between us stood the
barrier of language. 1．What did the author realize after entering school in Brooklyn?
A．Time passed quickly. B．English was hard to learn.
C．The food was terrible. D．People were very different.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三四句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten
class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from those kids with
pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的
午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了。我的同学中有皮肤白皙、蓝眼睛大的，也有棕色皮肤、深色头
发的)”可知，当作者去了在Brooklyn的一所学校之后，发现学校里的人不一样。故选D。
二 主旨大意题或写作意图推断题
常见设问方式
What's the main idea/point of the passage?
Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea/theme of the passage?
In this passage the author discusses primarily ________. The general/main idea of the passage is about ________.
解题技能
解答细节理解题，常见的方法就是定位法。即根据题干或选项中的线索词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进
行比较从而确定答案，同时要特别注意同义转换。
1. 在阅读原文基础上，仔细甄别选项是否与文章主题有密切联系；
2. 看选项对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何；
3. 注意题目是否过大或过小；
4. 避免易错项目：（1）以偏概全；（2）过度解读；
三 推理判断题
推理判断题指在原文字面意思的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，作出一定的判断和推理，
从而得到文章的深层含义的过程。考生需要通过训练掌握该题型的特点和规律，从而达到全面突破记叙文中推
理判断题的水平。
常见设问方式
常以infer，imply，suggest，conclude，learn，intend，mean，describe，purpose等词提问。或提问中含有表
示推测的情态动词，如can，could，might，would等和其他表示可能性的动词，如probably，most likely等。
解题技能
1. 抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理.做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去
分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。
2. 整合全文(段)信息进行推断.做推理题时，有时需要在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，
综合起来去推理判断，确定最佳结论。
典例剖析
（2022年浙江卷6月 ）In New York, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance to work with a diverse population.
In my English to Italian translations, I’ve learned about social programs that I didn’t know existed. This work expanded
my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn
today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity.
3．How did the summer job benefit the author?
A．It strengthened her love for school. B．It helped sharpen her sense of direction.
C．It opened her eyes to the real world. D．It made her childhood dream come true.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第三四五句“This work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside
the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s
sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity. (这项工作拓展了我的思维，这是在四面墙的教室里不可能做到的。
今天走在布鲁克林的街道上，我不再对这座城市的声音和气味感到困惑。 相反，我会享受它的多样性)”可知，
作者三个夏天的工作拓展了思维，开始接受真实世界的多样性。故选C。
四 词义猜测题
常见设问方式
The word “...” refers to/probably means/could best be replaced by______.
The word “...” is most likely to mean ______.
What do you think the expression “...” stands for?
The underlined word “...” means________.
记叙文中需要猜测的词义通常会和事件的变化和发展、文章中主人公的心理变化有着密切的联系，为了正确猜
测词汇的意义，考生需要准确理解上下文的语境，并联系文中的相关信息解题。
解题技能
1. Definition 定义法----信号词：be, be called, means,be defined as ,that is,that is to say,in other
words,---- (破折 号)等.
2. Contrast 对比法----信号词:yet, but,while ,though however, otherwise, on one hand...on the other hand,
for one thing... for another thing,instead of 等。
3. Similarity 相似法----信号词: 当被猜的词前后有信号词: or, like , as...as, the same as等就可以通过同义词、
近义词来确定词义了。4. Cause and effect 因果法----信号词: because, since, as, for, due to, so, therefore, so...that, such... that, thus
5. Example 例举法----信号词: for instance, for example, such as, such, like, especially, include, consist of 等。
6. Common sense 常识法
7. Context 上下文
典例剖析
（2022年全国乙卷）
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated
that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending
maintenance staff often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be
avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts.
29. What does "maintenance" underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Personnel safety. B.Assistance from drones.
C.Inspection and repair. D.Construction of infrastructure
【答案】C
【解析】词义猎测颗。根据第三段中 It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion
euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail
infrastructure. 据计算仅欧洲铁路每年就花费约 200 亿欧元用干维护，包括派造维护人员，经常在夜间检查和
维修铁路基础设施。可知画线句子意为:这包括巨大的维护成本节约和更好地保护铁路人员的安全，故选C。
典例剖析
(2022全国甲卷）
As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica,she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins(企鹅)
longing to say hello.These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would
never forget.
Ever since her childhood,Ginni,now 71,has had a deep love for travel.Throughout her career( 职业)as a
professional dancer, she toured in the UK,but always longed to explore further. When she retired from dancing and her
sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.8.Which of the following best explains“take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2?
A. Try challenging things. B. Take a degree.
C.Bring back lost memories. D. Stick to a promise.
【答案】A
【解析】词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词前文“Throughout her career(职业)as a professional dancer she toured in
the UK,but always longed to explore further.(在她的职业舞蹈演员生涯中，她曾在英国巡演，但一直渴望进一步
探索)”和“When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest,(当她不再跳舞，她的儿子们最终独
立生活)”可知，Ginni在退休和儿子们成家立业之后，她决定尝试有挑战性的事情。由此推知，划线词组 take
the plunge和前文中的to explore further 意思相似，与try challenging things“尝试有挑战性的事情”意思接近。
故选A。
五 真题练一练
1. (2022年6月 浙江卷)
Pasta and pizza were on everyone’s lunch menu in my native land of Italy. Everyone who had such a lunch was
fair-skinned and spoke Italian. A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in
Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from those kids with pale skin and large
blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. The food choices were almost as diverse as the students. In front
of me was an array of foods I couldn’t even name in my native language. Fearing that I would pick out something
awful, I desperately tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a recommendation. Unfortunately, between us stood the barrier
of language.
Although my kindergarten experience feels like a century ago, the lessons I learned will stick in my mind forever.
For the past three summers, I have worked in a government agency in New York. New immigrants much like the little
girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. I often had to be an interpreter for the Italian-speaking ones. As I
served the role of vital communication link, I was reminded of my desperate struggle to converse before I learned
English. I watched with great sympathy as elderly Italians tried to hold a conversation in Italian with people who did
not speak the language. It suddenly became very clear to me how lucky I was to be fluent in two languages.
In New York, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance to work with a diverse population. In
my English to Italian translations, I’ve learned about social programs that I didn’t know existed. This work expandedmy mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn
today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity.
1．What did the author realize after entering school in Brooklyn?
A．Time passed quickly. B．English was hard to learn.
C．The food was terrible. D．People were very different.2．Who does “the little girl” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．An Italian teacher. B．A government official.
C．The author herself. D．The author’s classmate.
3．How did the summer job benefit the author?
A．It strengthened her love for school. B．It helped sharpen her sense of direction.
C．It opened her eyes to the real world. D．It made her childhood dream come true.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过三个夏天的工作，开阔了视野，接受真实世界的多样性，不
再是幼儿园里那个害怕的小女孩了。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段第三四句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in
a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from those kids with pale skin
and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍
里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了。我的同学中有皮肤白皙、蓝眼睛大的，也有棕色皮肤、深色头发的)”可
知，当作者去了在Brooklyn的一所学校之后，发现学校里的人不一样。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段第二三句“For the past three summers, I have worked in a government agency in New
York. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. (过去的三个夏天，我
一直在纽约的一家政府机构工作。新移民涌入我们的办公室寻求帮助，就像排队吃午餐的小女孩一样)”以及第
一段第三句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I
realized things were no longer that simple. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事
情不再那么简单了)”可知，当年的小女孩长大了，在纽约的一家政府机构工作，工作环境让她想到当年自己在
幼儿园的午餐队伍排队的情境。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段第三四五句“This work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the
four walls of a classroom. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds
and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity. (这项工作拓展了我的思维，这是在四面墙的教室里不可能做到的。今天
走在布鲁克林的街道上，我不再对这座城市的声音和气味感到困惑。 相反，我会享受它的多样性)”可知，作
者三个夏天的工作拓展了思维，开始接受真实世界的多样性。故选C。
2.（2022年全国甲卷）Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor.
Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches,
and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole
morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our
separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean?” I asked.
“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not
fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords ( 口号), and traditions are
increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s,
Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said.
“We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t
getting any better at resolving (解决).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a
thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me.
“What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks
some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and
dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
1．What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A．Sydney’s striking architecture.B．The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C．The key to Sydney’s development. D．Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
2．What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds?
A．He goes to work by boat.B．He looks forward to a new life.C．He pilots catamarans well. D．He is attached to the old ferries.
3．What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney?
A．It is losing its traditions. B．It should speed up its progress.
C．It should expand its population. D．It is becoming more international.
4．Which statement will the author probably agree with?
A．A city can be young and old at the same time.
B．A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C．Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D．Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了悉尼城市发展中对于现代化和传统保护的困惑，并提出“一座城市
可以同时年轻和年老”的观点。
1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The
city discovered its harbor. (20世纪60年代初，澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。这座城市发现了自己的港口。)”
和最后一句“But it is the harbor that makes the city.(但正是港口造就了这座城市。)”可知，第一段主要是讲悉尼
发展的关键。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段““I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.(“我会想念这些旧船的，”我们分
手时他说。)”和第五段第二句“Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot.(双体船
更快，但它们不那么优雅，驾驶起来也不有趣。)”可知，Andrew Reynolds喜欢那些旧渡船。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据第六段第二句中的“in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its
past, including many of its finest buildings(在20世纪70年代奔向现代化的过程中，悉尼抛弃了许多过去的东西，
包括许多最漂亮的建筑)”和第四句“We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a
traditional one.(我们似乎无法决定是要一个现代的城市还是一个传统的城市。)”可知，Shirley Fitzgerald认为悉
尼正在丢失传统。故选A。4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its
attractions.(另一方面，同时年轻和年老也有它的吸引力。)”可知，作者会认同“一座城市可以同时年轻和年
老”的观点。故选A。
3. (2022年1月浙江卷)
For nearly a decade now, Merebeth has been a self-employed pet transport specialist. Her pet transport job was
born of the financial crisis（危机）in the late 2000s. The downturn hit the real estate （房地产）firm where she had
worked for ten years as an office manager. The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job. One day, while
driving near her home, she saw a dog wandering on the road, clearly lost. She took it home, and her sister in Denver
agreed to take it. This was a loving home for sure, but 1, 600 miles away. It didn't take long for Merebeth to decide to
drive the dog there herself. It was her first road trip to her new job.
Merebeth's pet delivery service also satisfies her wanderlust. It has taken her to every state in the US except
Montana, Washington and Oregon, she says proudly. If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with
transport needs there. She travels in all weathers. She has driven through 55 mph winds in Wyoming, heavy flooding
and storms in Alabama and total whiteout conditions in Kansas.
This wanderlust is inherited from her father, she says. She moved their family from Canada to California when she
was one year old, because he wanted them to explore a new place together. As soon as she graduated from high school
she left home to live on Catalina Island off the Californian coast, away from her parents, where she enjoyed a life of
sailing and off-road biking.
It turns out that pet transporting pays quite well at about $30, 000 per year before tax. She doesn't work in summer,
as it would be unpleasantly hot for the animals in the car, even with air conditioning. As autumn comes, she gets
restless—the same old wanderlust returning. It's a call she must heed alone, though. Merebeth says, "When I am on the
road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I mush help animals.
5. Why did Merebeth changed her job?
A. She wanted to work near her home.
B. She was tired of working in the office.
C. Her sister asked her to move to Denver.
D. Her former employer was out of business.6. The word "wanderlust" in paragraph 2 means a desire to _________?
A. make money. B. try various jobs.
C. be close to nature. D. travel to different places.
7. What can we learn about Merebeth in her new job?
A. She has chances to see rare animals.
B. She works hard throughout the year.
C. She relies on herself the whole time.
D. She earns a basic and tax-free salary.
【答案】5. D 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Merebeth从事的新工作。近十年来，她一直是一名自营宠物运输专家。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“The downturn hit the real estate （房地产）firm where she had worked for ten years
as an office manager. The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.（她曾在一家房地产公司做了10年的
办公室经理，经济低迷打击了这家公司。 公司破产了，她只好另寻新工作）”，可知，Merebeth之所以换工
作，是因为她以前的雇主破产了。故选D。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中“It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana, Washington and Oregon, she
says proudly. If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transport needs there. She travels in all
weathers.（她自豪地说，除了蒙大拿州、华盛顿州和俄勒冈州，她走遍了美国所有的州。如果她想去一个新的
地方，她只需要找到一个有交通需要的宠物。 她风雨无阻地旅行）”，可知，划线词的意思是“渴望去不同
的地方旅行”。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“When I am on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been independent-
spirited and I just feel strongly that I mush help animals.（当我在路上的时候，我只是在自己的世界里。 我一直
很独立，我强烈地觉得我必须帮助动物）”，可知，Merebeth在她的新工作中一直都是靠自己。故选C。4.(2022年北京卷)
My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability to do anything. I
felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My
perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is
not possible, but it consumed me.
One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not
only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a pre-
presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one
with him—an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began.
A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that this
would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more
confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature
and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the
applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these
new steps continued to grow my confidence.
I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realised that my biggest obstacle ( 障碍 ) this
whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many
people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every
opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our action.
4．What was the main cause for Alice’s anxiety?
A．Her inability to act her age. B．Her habit of consumption.
C．Her desire to be perfect. D．Her lack of inspiration.
5．How did Grant Brown’s presentation influence Alice?
A．She decided to do something for nature. B．She tasted the sweetness of friendship.
C．She learned about the harm of desire. D．She built up her courage to speak up.
6．The activities Alice joined in helped her to become more ________.
A．intelligent B．confident C．innovative D．critical7．What can we learn from this passage?
A．Practice makes perfect. B．Patience is a cure of anxiety.
C．Action is worry’s worst enemy. D．Everything comes to those who wait.
4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。
4．细节理解题。由文章第一段“My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at
whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.(我的完美主义倾向是这一点的主要根源：
无论我做什么，我都想做到完美，这在生活中显然是不可能的，但它消耗了我。)”可知，是要求完美导致了焦
虑。故选C项。
5．细节理解题。由文章第二段“One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my
high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a
difference in the world. (一天，我在高中参加了野生动物保护主义者Grant Brown的演讲。他的演讲不仅让我感
到敬畏和鼓舞，还帮助我产生了一种内在的愿望，希望在世界上有所作为。)”和文章第三段“ Shortly after I
received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around
through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global
team of young people working to protect nature. (在我收到他的邀请后不久，我的高中就收到了加入“Youth for
Nature”和“Youth for Plane”组织的申请。我决定致力于完成这些申请，很快我就成为了一个日益壮大的全球年
轻人保护自然团队的一员。)”可知，是Grant Brown让作者开始为从事保护自然地活动中。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。由文章第三段“I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a
growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my
confidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都让我
更加自信。)”可知，Alice 加入这些活动让她变得更自信了。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。由第一段“ Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability to do
anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me.”（去年年初，我被一种焦虑困扰，它削弱了我做任何事情的能
力。）由文章第三段“I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global
team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.(我决定完
成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都让我更加自信。)可知，
文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。所以从文章中我们能学到行动是忧虑最大的敌人。故选C项。
5.（2021全国甲卷 C篇）
When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January
morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue
—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing
of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language.
And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don’t worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick
on the beam(横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe,
man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe!
Safe!” And that’s what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less
welcoming. Within a couple of years, I’d given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I’ve
traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners
stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving(穿梭)among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the
beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded(滑)up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed
not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him.
Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”
12. What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?
A. He felt disappointed. B. He gave up his hobby.
C. He liked the weather there. D. He had disagreements with his family.
13. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean?
A. Be careful! B. Well done! C. No way! D. Don’t worry!
14. Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?A. To join the skateboarding. B. To make new friends.
C. To learn more tricks. D. To relive his childhood days
15. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?
A. Children should learn a second language.
B. Sport is necessary for children’s health.
C. Children need a sense of belonging
D. Seeing the world is a must for children.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者自己的经历，起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板
的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的
回忆，在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的熟悉感。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved
beaches and endless blue -sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place.(除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，没
有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措)”可知，作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩，不能很好的
融入到新的城市，感到很沮丧。故选A。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词前文“A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud,
shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!”(几分钟后，当我学会这个技巧时，我的朋友们敲着他们的板子大声喊道：“做得
好！做得好！做得好！)”以及后文“And that’s what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater. (那才是真正重
要的——滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家)”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大声
欢呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe是赞美的含义。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段““I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his
head. “Safe, man. Safe.”(我告诉他：“我20年前经常在这里玩滑板，”他缓慢地开始向我点头：“嗨，你好!”)”可推知，作者去Southbank这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved
beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.(除了我之外的家里人都
很快适应这个城市，没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措。直到我有了一个发现)”以及文章第二段
“Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of
skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters.(泰晤士河东段的南岸，是英
国滑板运动的中心，在那里，滑板不断的碰撞声让你的脑袋嗡嗡作响。我喜欢那里。我很快就和当地的滑板手
交了朋友)”及文章倒数第二段“When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the
locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I’d given it up.(我15岁时，我全家搬到了华盛顿。我试着
在那里玩滑板，但当地人远不那么热情。几年之内，我就放弃了)”以及文章最后一段“When I returned to
London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I’ve traveled back several times
since, most recently this past spring.(当我2004年回到伦敦时，我发现自己在南岸闲逛，在那里呆了几个小时。
从那以后，我已经回去好几次了，最近一次是今年春天)”可知，作者起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了
玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。但是搬去华盛顿，因为没有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋
友，几年之后就不再玩滑板，作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在于一个孩子打
招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的回忆。通过作者的经历，作者要表达的是，归属感对于孩子是很重要的。
故选C。
6.（2021年6 浙江卷）
Leslie Nielsen’s childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star in his life — his uncle, who
was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career (职业) in
acting. Even though he often felt he would be discovered to be a no-talent, he moved forward, gaining a scholarship to
the Neighborhood Playhouse and making his first television appearance a few years later in 1948. However, becoming
a full-time, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight years until he landed a number of film roles
that finally got him noticed.
But even then, what he had wasn’t quite what he wanted. Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but his
good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. It wasn’t until 1980 — 32 years into his career —
that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! That movie led him into the second half of hiscareer where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would
not rate it highly.
Did Nielsen then feel content in his career? Yes and no. He was thrilled to be doing the comedy that he always felt
he should do, but even during his last few years, he always had a sense of curiosity, wondering what new role or
challenge might be just around the comer. He never stopped working, never retired.
Leslie Nielsen’s devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring. He built a hugely successful career with little more
than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a
remarkable life.
16. Why did Nielsen want to be an actor?
A. He enjoyed watching movies. B. He was eager to earn money.
C. He wanted to be like his uncle. D. He felt he was good at acting.
17. What do we know about Nielsen in the second half of his career?
A. He directed some high quality movies. B. He avoided taking on new challenges.
C. He focused on playing dramatic roles. D. He became a successful comedy actor.
18. What does Nielsen’s career story tell us?
A. Art is long, life is short. B. He who laughs last laughs longest.
C. It’s never too late to learn. D. Where there’s a will there’s a way.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Leslie Nielsen的演艺生涯。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第一段第一、二句话“Leslie Nielsen’s childhood was a difficult one, but he had one
particular shining star in his life — his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned
inspired Nielsen to make a career (职业) in acting. (莱斯利·尼尔森的童年是一个艰难的童年，但他一生中有一颗
特别耀眼的明星——他的叔叔，一位著名的演员。他叔叔赢得的敬佩和尊重激励尼尔森在演艺事业上取得了成
功)”可知，Nielsen想当演员的原因是想像他叔叔一样，成为一个著名的演员。故选C。【17题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第二段最后一句话“That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic
presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly. (这部电影
使他进入了职业生涯的后半段，即使影评人对这部电影评价不高，但仅仅凭他的喜剧表演就可以使这部电影获
得经济上的成功)”可知，在Nielsen职业生涯的后半段，他成了一个成功的喜剧演员。故选D。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，再结合文章最后一段第二、三句话“He built a hugely successful career with little more
than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a
remarkable life. (他凭借平凡的努力和决心建立了一个非常成功的事业。他告诉我们，即使是只有一个愿望，永
不放弃，也能成就非凡的人生)”可推知，Nielsen的职业经历告诉我们：有志者事竟成。故选D。
