专题02非谓语动词（原卷版）_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_3.2024专项复习_[高考字典]2024年高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题应对策略(通用版)

高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题应对策略 专题 02 非谓语动词 目录 一 命题规律 动词不定式的功能、分词(现在分词、过去分词)的用法区别、动名词等非谓语动词 的时态、语态的综合考查 二 备考策略 牢记非谓语动词的三种形式, 非谓语动词做状语, “be+过去分词+介词”，非谓语动 词做宾语、定语、状语、补语等。 三 基本知识 非谓语动词的用法 四 真题训练 近五年新高考非谓语动词专题训练 五 思路点拨 1.分析非谓语动词发生的时间以及非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系 2.掌握非谓语动词的固定句式结构 3．牢记后跟非谓语动词的特定动词 六 考点归纳 当句中已有谓语动词，空格前又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列时，所给动词要 填非谓语动词。此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用其具体形式(doing, done, to do)。 七 考点练透 再次巩固所掌握的知识点体系并能灵活应用 命题规律： 动词不定式的功能、分词(现在分词、过去分词)的用法区别、动名词等的时态、语态的综合考查 备考策略： 1.牢记非谓语动词的三种形式：doing 现在分词表主动、进行；done 过去分词表被动、完成；to do 表目 的、将来 2.如果出现 “谓语动词,句子” 或者 “句子，谓语动词” 的结构，一般是非谓语动词做状语，你只需要 判断括号里V词与主句主语之间的关系是主动还是被动，还是表目的。 3. “be+过去分词+介词”结构，如be absorbed/dressed/trapped/occupied in, be equipped/loaded/burdened with, be accustomed/devoted/committed/addicted to doing，做非谓语动词去掉be即可。 4.不定式作结果状语，多用于too…to, enough to do, only to do, so…as to, such as to等结构。 5.不定式用于be+ adj+to do 6.with的复合结构是常考点 7. 做宾语补足语的情况 常见动词 have、hear、notice、find、see 8.非谓语动词做定语的情况 基本知识:非谓语动词的用法 (一)填非谓语动词时要填不定式to do的情况：1. 主语： It is/was＋adj./n.＋for/of sb. to do sth. It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 2. 宾语 (1)有些动词只能用不定式作宾语： 决心学会想希望，拒绝设法 decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish; refu 愿假装 se, manage, care, pretend 主动答应选计划，同意请求 offer, promise, choose, plan; agree, ask/beg, help 帮一帮 (2) find/think/believe/consider/make/feel＋it＋adj./n.＋to do sth. 3. 表语： 不定式作表语多表示某一次具体的、特定的或有待实现的动作(aim, dream, plan, purpose等后) 4. 定语： (1) 不定式作定语表示将来的动作； (2) 不定式用来修饰被序数词、最高级或 only, next等修饰的中心词，且与中心词为逻辑上的主动关 系； (3) 下列名词或代词，常用不定式作定语。 ability, chance,opportunity, plan, attempt, way, something, idea, hope, wish, fact, excuse, promise等。 5. 状语： (1)作目的状语。表示“为了”，可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。如果强调目的性，不定式前也可加 in order或so as，但so as to不能置于句首。 (2)作结果状语。不定式作结果状语常表示令人意外的结果，有时前面加only，以加强语气。 only to do 表示意想不到的结果 enough to do 足够做…… too ... to do 太……而不能…… so/such ... as to ... 如此……以至于…… (3) 作原因状语。表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词作表语时，后可接不定式作原因状语，用以说明产生这 种心理活动或情绪的原因，常用于这类结构的形容词有 sorry, surprised, disappointed, excited, glad, happy, anxious, delighted, pleased, foolish等。 6. 宾语补足语： (1) 在很多动词后都可以用不定式作宾语补足语，如:ask, want, invite, get, force, expect, allow, persuade, order, warn, remind, prefer, cause, permit, forbid, advise, teach 等。 (2) 下列动词(短语)接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语： 一感 (feel)，二听(hear, listen to)，三使(let，have, make)，五看 (see, notice, observe, watch, look at)，半帮助 (help)，但在变为被动语态时需加to。 动词不定式的时态和语态的构成和用法 形式 意义 主动语态 被动语态 与句子谓语动词的动作同时发生或 一般式 to do to be done 在谓语动词的动作之后发生 进行式 在谓语动词的动作发生时正在进行 to be doing — 完成式 在谓语动词的动作之前发生 to have done to have been done （二）填非谓语动词时要填动名词v-ing的情况： 1. 主语：单个动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用三单形式； It is/was a waste (of ...)/no use/no good doing sth. 2. 表语： 动名词作表语表示通常的情况，多指抽象的、经常性的动作： 3. 定语： 动名词可置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途、性能或目的。 4. 宾语：(1) 介词 + v -ing (注意to为介词的情况)； (2) 下列动词(短语)只能用动名词作宾语: 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟 consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon; admit, 没得想 delay/put off, fancy avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice; deny, finish, 避免错过继续练，否认完成 就欣赏 enjoy/appreciate forbid, imagine, risk; 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意 准逃亡 can't help (禁不住), mind, allow/permit, escape (3)既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别： forget, remember, regret, mean, try, stop, go on （三）填非谓语动词时要填分词的情况： 1. 状语：分词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，一般在句中作时间、原因、结果、方式、条件、伴 随、让步等状语。2. 表语：表示心理状态的动词-ing形式的形容词，意为“令人……的”； 动词-ed形式的形容词，意为“(人)感到……的”，也可修饰体现内心感受的 look，expression，tears， smile，voice等名词。 On hearing the exciting news，she shouted in an excited voice. 3. 定语 现在分词(doing)表示 Today there are more airplanes carrying more people than ever before 主动、进行 in the sky.当今，空中更多的飞机运载着比以往更多的人。 过去分词(done)表示被 The bridge built in 2012 was designed by a local company.2012 年建 动、完成 造的这座桥是由当地的一家公司设计的。 4. 宾语补足语： (1) 现在分词作宾语补足语表示主动、进行 常用现在分词作宾语补足语的词语有 feel， Sometimes she would listen to him find，hear，notice，observe，see，watch，get， playing the saxophone. have，keep，leave，send，set，listen to，look at 等。 (2) 过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动、完成 常用过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有have，make， I will have my bike repaired get，find，see，notice，watch，hear，feel，want， tomorrow. like等。 现在分词的时态和语态的构成和用法 形式 意义 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 与谓语动词的动作同时发生 doing being done 完成式 先于谓语动词的动作完成 having done having been done 总结：提示词为动词考非谓语动词的策略 1．分析非谓语动词发生的时间以及非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系 (1)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主谓关系， 且正在进行，要想到用现在分词形式(doing)； (2)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，且表完成， 要想到用过去分词形式(done); (3)若非谓语动词表将来的动作，或作目的状语，或跟在表示喜怒哀乐的形容词后表示原因或意料之外的结 果等， 要想到用不定式形式(to do)。2．掌握非谓语动词的固定句式结构 (1)It's＋形容词＋(for/of sb.＋)to do sth.；It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. (2)It's no good/use/pleasure doing sth.； (3)find/think/believe/consider＋it＋adj.＋to do sth.； 3．牢记后跟非谓语动词的特定动词 (1)牢记用动名词或不定式作宾语的动词； (2)牢记用动词不定式或分词作补足语的动词。 (3)既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别： forget, remember, regret, mean, try, stop, go on 非谓语动词作定语 1. 现在分词作定语，表示动作主动，正在进行，若表示”正在被……”，则用being done. 2. 过去分词作定语表示被动，完成。 3. 当名词被形容词最高级，序数词(the first, the last 等）修饰时，用to do作定语 4. 抽象名词 ability, plan, chance, promise, wish opportunity,responsibility 等后常用 ability, plan, chance, promise, wish opportunity,responsibility作后置定语。 非谓语动词作宾补 1.常用不定式作宾补的动词有： tell, order, allow, permit, enable, persuade, force, warn, encourage, ask, invite, expect. 感官动词和使役动词后的不定式作宾补，在主动语态中要省略不定式的符号 to, 但在被动语态中to 要还原。 2. 现在分词作宾补，表主动，进行。常接现在分词作宾补的动词有感官动词和使役动词，但注 意，have/leave sb doing sth 译为“让宾语一直做……”。 3. 过去分词作宾补，被动，完成 4. with +O+OC to do 将来，目的 doing 进行，主动 done 完成，被动 非谓语动词作状语 1. 分词作状语，要与主句保持逻辑主语一致 2. 现在分词作状语，现在分词与句子主语是主动关系，可以表伴随原因, 时间或条件，表示意料之中的结 果，用doing, 若表示分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，则用having done.3. 过去分词作状语，过去分词与句子主语是被动关系 4. 不定式作状语可以表目的, only to do 表示意料之外的结果, 形容词或过去分词作表语时，后接to do 作 状语常见的形容词有: happy, lucky, anxious, proud, disappointed, surprised, delighted, foolish, pleased, fortunate 等, 主系表+to do ，用 主动表被动 真题训练 1.(2023 年新高考Ⅰ卷·57) To eat one, you have to decide whether ____57____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 58 （or） to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 2.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷·59) Shanghai may be the ____59____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao’s birthplace. .recognized 3.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷·61) Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____61____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 62 (their) contents. .to be lifted .their 4.(2023 年新高考Ⅰ卷·65) No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 64 (rarely) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left ______65______ (want) more next time. 5.(2023年新高考Ⅱ卷·60) They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 60__________ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. 6. (2022年新高考Ⅰ卷·56) ___________ (cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 7. (2022年新高考Ⅰ卷·59) The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority _____________ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 8. (2022年新高考Ⅱ卷·56) Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the _________ (fall) child. 9. (2022年新高考Ⅱ卷·59) Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony (阳台), and climbed up ________ (see) them. 10. (2022年全国甲卷·61) A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ____________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 11. (2022 年全国甲卷·63) Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ______ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 12.(2022 年全国乙卷·66) China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthydevelopment of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a ___________ (share) future for mankind. 13.(2022年全国乙卷·68) ______________ (strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media. 14.(2021 年新高考Ⅰ卷·60) Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is—always leaving us ____________ (astonish). 15. (2021年新高考Ⅰ卷·63) Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your _____________(ache) legs. 16.(2021年新高考Ⅱ卷·57) I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ___________ (think) it is food. 17. (2021年新高考Ⅱ卷·58) I decided to do something ___________ (educate) people about this problem. 18. (2021年新高考Ⅱ卷·62) I was so ________ (excite) when he wrote back to me. He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half. 19. (2021年全国甲卷·43) It is possible ________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 20. (2021 年全国甲卷·44) After ___________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action… 21. (2021 年全国乙卷·61) It (Ecotourism) is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ____________ (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics… 22. (2021年全国乙卷·70) Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim __________ (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 23. (2020 年全国Ⅱ卷·63)They represent the earth _________ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. 24. (2020年全国Ⅱ卷·68) They are easy ________ (care) for and make great presents. 25.(2020 年全国Ⅲ卷·69) And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds ____________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. 26. (2019年全国Ⅲ卷·62) On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take _______ (get) there. 27. (2019年全国Ⅲ卷·70) On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm, __________ (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 28. (2018 年 全 国 Ⅱ 卷 ·70) China’s approach to protecting its environment while _________(feed) its citizens“offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele. 29. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷·64) I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ________ (look) directly into hiseyes so he doesn’t feel challenged. 30. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷·70) Once his message was delivered, he allowed me _______ (stay) and watch. 思路点拨: 当句中已有谓语动词，空格前又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列时，所给动词要填非谓语动词。此时， 就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用其具体形式(doing, done, to do)。 考点归纳: 作主语 (1) 作主语通常用动名词(一般情况)或不定式形式 (具体情况)。如： ① __________(smoke) may cause cancer, so you should give it up. 【解析】 在谓语may cause 前面一定是作主语, “吸烟可能导致癌症”是一般情况, 故填Smoking, 注意句 首第一个单词的第一个字母要大写。 ② It is clear that _________ (finish) this task will take a long time. 【解析】完成这项任务是一次具体的情况，故用不定式，填to finish。 (2) 用不定式或动名词作主语的特殊句型。此外，还需熟记下列固定句式： ① It is necessary for us to be constantly reminded of our shortcomings. 经常有人提醒我们自身的缺点是有必要 的。 ② It’s very kind of you to tell me the truth. 你真好，告诉我真相。 ③ It’s no use quarrelling about it. We are all in the same boat. 为此事争吵是没有用的。 我们处境相同。 2. 作宾语 (1) 在介词后作宾语一般只用动名词。常考的有以下7个，请牢记： ① be used to doing sth 习惯做某事 ② be accustomed to doing sth 习惯做某事 ③ be devoted to doing sth 致力于做某事 ④ devote oneself to doing sth 致力于做某事 ⑤ look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事 ⑥ object to doing sth 反对做某事 ⑦ be addicted to doing sth 沉迷于做某事; 专心致志于做某事(2) 只能接不定式的动词或短语。 (3) 只能接动名词的动词或短语。 (4) 接不定式与接动名词意思有差别的动词或短语也必须掌握。请用规范工整的英语完成搭配后，熟读牢 记： 汉语意思 英文搭配 1 记得去做某事 .remember doing sth 记得做过某事 .remember to do sth 2 忘记去做某事 .forget to do sth 忘记做过某事 .forget doing sth 3 遗憾做某事 .regret to do sth 后悔做过某事 .regret doing sth 4 尽力做某事 .try to do sth 尝试做某事 .try doing sth 5 有意/故意去做某事 .mean to do sth 意味着做某事 .mean doing sth 6 停下来去做某事 .stop to do sth 停止做某事 .stop doing sth 7 接着做另一事 .go on to do sth 继续做同一事 .go on doing sth 8 需要做某事 .need/require to do sth 某事需要被做 .need/require doing sth 9 想做某事 .want to do sth 某事需要被做 .want doing sth 3. 作定语 单个分词作定语，如表示正在进行或经常发生的动作用现在分词，如表示已经完成的动作则用过去分词。 如分词短语作定语，要根据与逻辑主语的关系，是主动关系用现在分词，是被动关系就用过去分词。 若是表示未来的情况 (发生在谓语动词之后) 或表示“有……要……”用动词不定式，在最高级或“序数 词(+名词)”后或在plan, ability, chance, way等抽象名词后作定语也要用不定式。又如： ① The conference ________ (take) place next month is bound to be a great success. 【解析】由next month可知表示未来，故用不定式作定语，填to take。② Jack, a hard-working student, is always the first _________(come) to school and the last to leave. 【解析】序数词后用不定式作定语，故填to come。 ③ Happiness is the ability __________ (make) the most of what we have. 【解析】在抽象名词ability后，表示“做某事的能力”，用不定式作定语，故填to make。 4. 作状语 (1) 在形容词后作状语用不定式。 (2) 作目的状语也只能用不定式。 (3) 作伴随状语、原因状语、时间状语要根据与逻辑主语的关系，用现在分词(主动)或过去分词(被动)。 如： ① __________ (satisfy) with what he did, the teacher praised him in class. 【解析】 因satisfy(使……满意)与the teacher在逻辑上有动宾关系，即the teacher与satisfy是被动关系， 故用过去分词作状语，表示原因，填Satisfied。句意：因为老师对他所做的事情很满意，所以在班上表扬 了他。 ② _________ (hear) that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly. 【解析】因Li Lei与hear在逻辑上有主谓关系，即Li Lei与hear是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，填 Hearing。句意：当李雷听到母亲生病的消息后，马上赶回了家。 5. 作补语 (1)要根据与逻辑主语的关系，用现在分词(主动)或过去分词(被动)。如： I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man ________(sit) at the front. 【解析】因 a man 与 sit 是主动关系， 故用现在分词作宾补，填 sitting。也可由固定句式 notice sb doing/do sth(注意到某人在做/做了某事)而知，也可填sit。这类句型还有： 这类句型还有： △ see/watch/observe/hear sb doing sth看见/观看/观察到/听到某人正在做某事 △ see/watch/observe/hear sb do sth看见/观看/观察到/听到某人做某事(全过程) △ find/feel/catch sb doing sth发现/感觉/撞见某人正在做某事 △ let/make/have sb do sth让/使某人做某事 △ have sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事 △ have sb/sth done 让别人做某事 (2) 用不定式作主补或宾补的固定搭配很多，也常考。如［真题再练］第25题。(3) 用省略to的不定式作宾补的动词。如have(使)，let(让)，make(使)等使役动词和see,hear等感官动词。 但变被动时，省略的to要补回来，如：make sb do sth的被动式为sb be made to do sth。 6. 情感类动词的分词形容词 作形容词用的情感类-ing分词(令人……的)与-ed分词(感到……的)的差别。 动词原形 中文意思 1 及物动词 surprise 使惊讶 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) surprising 令人惊讶的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) surprised 感到惊讶的 2 及物动词 astonish 使惊讶 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) astonishing 令人惊讶的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) astonished 感到惊讶的 3 及物动词 .shock 使震惊 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) shocking 令人震惊的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) shocked 感到震惊的 4 及物动词 amaze 使惊异 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) amazing 令人惊异的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) amazed 感到惊异的 5 及物动词 terrify 使恐惧 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) terrifying 令人恐惧的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) terrified 感到恐惧的 6 及物动词 frighten 使恐惧 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) frightening 令人恐惧的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) frightened 感到恐惧的 7 及物动词 threaten 恐吓；威胁 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) threatening 威胁的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) threatened 受到威胁的 8 及物动词 worry 使担忧 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) worrying 令人担忧的过去分词形容词 (常形容人) worried 感到担忧的 9 及物动词 please 使愉快 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) pleasing 令人愉快的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) pleased 感到愉快的 10 及物动词 excite 使兴奋 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) exciting 令人兴奋的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) excited 感兴奋到的 11 及物动词 satisfy 使满意 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) satisfying 令人满意的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) satisfied 感到满意的 12 及物动词 interest 使感兴趣 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) interesting 有趣的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) interested 感兴趣的 13 及物动词 move 使感动 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) moving 令人感动的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) moved 受感动的 14 及物动词 touch 感动（某人） 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) touching 感人的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) touched 受感动的 15 及物动词 inspire 鼓舞（某人） 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) inspiring 鼓舞人的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) inspired 受鼓舞的 16 及物动词 encourage 鼓励（某人） 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) encouraging 令人鼓舞的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) encouraged 鼓舞的 17 及物动词 relax 使轻松 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) relaxing 令人轻松的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) relaxed 感到轻松的18 及物动词 convince 使确信 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) convincing 令人信服的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) convinced 确信的 19 及物动词 bore 使厌烦 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) boring 枯燥乏味的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) bored 感到无聊的 20 及物动词 tire 使疲倦 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) tiring 令人疲倦的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) tired 感到疲倦的 21 及物动词 disappoint 使失望 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) disappointing 令人失望的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) disappointed 感到失望的 22 及物动词 confuse 使迷惑 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) confusing 令人迷惑的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) confused 感到迷惑的 23 及物动词 puzzle 使困惑 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) puzzling 令人困惑的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) puzzled 感到困惑的 24 及物动词 annoy 使不悦 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) annoying 令人生气的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) annoyed 生气的 25 及物动词 discourage 使气馁 现在分词形容词 (常形容事、物) discouraging 使人泄气的 过去分词形容词 (常形容人) discouraged 气馁的 7. 固定句式中的非谓语动词 1 中文意思 英文搭配 2 感谢某人做了某事 thank sb for doing sth3 表扬某人做了某事 praise sb for doing sth 4 责备某人做了某事 scold sb for doing sth 5 责骂某人做了某事 blame sb for doing sth 6 处罚某人做了某事 punish sb for doing sth 7 原谅某人做了某事 excuse/forgive sb for doing sth 8 最好做某事 had better do sth 9 何不做某事呢？ Why not do sth? 10 ……怎么样？ How/What about doing sth? 11 一般说来 generally speaking 12 根据……来看 judging from 13 更糟糕的是 to make matters/things worse 14 阻止某人做某事 prevent/stop sb (from) doing sth/keep sb from doing sth 15 禁止某人做某事 ban/forbid sb from doing sth 16 在做某事方面花费时间 spend time (in) doing sth 17 在做某事方面浪费时间 waste time (in) doing sth 18 在做某事方面有困难 have some difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth 8. 其他：作形容词的特殊分词有gone(离去的，已去的，丢失的)；lost(迷失的，丢失的)；missing(不见的) 等。作介词用的有concerning (关于), regarding (关于), respecting (关于, 鉴于), including (包括), given(考虑 到)等。作介词或连词的有considering (考虑到，就……而论)。 考点练透 在下列各句空白处填入所给单词的正确形式，并说明理由。 1. You may also find it difficult ________ (get) to sleep if you have a problem or something else on your mind. 2. But when he began to walk, the other boy imitated him. Woo Sing stopped _________ (think) about these strange actions, saying to himself,“This boy is fooling me. He does everything that I do.” 3.“Nothing doing. Right now it is time ________ (have) fun,” the silly grasshopper replied.4. We should make every effort _______________ (prevent) violence happening at school, for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal safety could not be guaranteed. 5. As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about how important it was _________ (stand) on your own two feet and be responsible for your own acts. 6. You might feel dizzy and nervous, but the top is always there waiting for you as long as you are strong enough ________ (take) one more step. 7. The Olympics are expected __________ (attract) tens of thousands of people. 8. They designed and built a robot… The students made the robot ___________ (answer) a challenge from the U.S. Department of Defense. 9. Contests are generally limited to 15 minutes _________ (avoid) putting too much pressure on the body. 10. It took rescuers another two hours ____________ (discover) Nancy. 11. Six days of spring rain had created a wild river _________ (run) by Nancy Brown’s farm. 12.You may have trouble _________ (sleep) if you have a heavy meal just before you go to bed. 13.We can start the habit by _________ (write) learning summaries and remember to record something impressive and meaningful. 14. Gradually I found myself back, __________ (deliver) my speech with difficulty. 15. __________(Realize) it was our last high school sports meeting, we decided to make it an unforgettable experience for all of us. 16. On the stand, my classmates applauded and cheered for the athletes, some ________ (raise) their cameras to capture the exciting moments. 17. Inside the building, the students saw nothing but broken walls and doors and pieces of the building _____ (lie) all over the place. 18. All the insects and animals were working hard to store food for winter, except the grasshopper(蚱蜢), who spent his days ________ (jump) from leaf to leaf. 19. Students who listen to classical music while _________ (study) perform better. 20. Thus, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results, ___________ (include) high scores and abundant knowledge. 21. During the test, the girl ________(sit) next to me whispered something, but I couldn’t understand. 22. For more than six million American children, coming home after school means _________ (come) to an empty house. 23. The Hot Dog Eating Contest on Coney Island has become a very popular event, ____________ (attract) TV audiences over 1.5 million.24. A real trial began when I stood on the platform with my legs ____________(e) and my mind blank. 25. He took a deep breath as he opened the exam paper ________ (hand) to him. 26. The Northern Essex Community College (NECC) students and one of their teachers spent part of their spring break in New York City, helping repair an area __________ (destroy) by the hurricane. 27. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys _________ (attach). 28. It was the first Olympics ______ (hold) in South America. 29. In a letter ____________ (publish) in a magazine, Mr Gove says: “It may be too late to say I’m sorry.” 30. The cheerful and optimistic rabbit threw himself away looking for the carrot, digging here and there, totally ___________ (convince) that he would find it. 31. When there was no place in the whole field _____ (leave) to dig, the rabbit dug a tunnel right to where the dog had been lying all the time. 32. Just imagine how terribly shy I was the moment I thought of that with so many eyes ______(fix) upon me. 33. It has the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Art and the Royal Library housed in a rather grand building _______ (call) the Black Diamond. 34. There will be many wonderful performances ____________ (present) by the teachers and the students in our school. 35. I felt quite ________(excite) after hearing the _________ (excite) news. 36. Tu Youyou is the first Chinese woman _______ (win) the Nobel Prize in medicine. 37. While waiting for the opportunity to get __________ (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty. 38. I regret _______(tell) you that I can’t take part in your party next Sunday because I have to attend a meeting then. 39. It’s no use _____________ (complain) without taking action. 40. It’s quite hot today. Do you feel like _________ (go) for a swim? 41.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused____________（stop) until we reached the next stop. 42. ____________（avoid) such troubles, we should compare similar items on different online stores and pay more attention to what other customers say. 43.We can save thousands a year if we compare the prices of similar items before____________（decide) to buy. 44.After a disappointing performance, she swore____________（work) harder and improve. She did it. 45.In my mind, our discussions are helping us to become calm and consider____________（win) the game and solving real problems as well. 46.He hurried to the railway station, only____________（find) the train had left.47.She stood beside a stand for a while, ____________（watch) the middle-aged seller busy doing his business. 48.By 2025 the number of the world's population____________（live) in countries of significant water shortage will almost double, to 6 billion people. 49.In order____________（tell) the story of the rock star as truthfully as possible, Malek had to give his all. 50.As the days passed, he missed____________（see) more sights and his envy turned into hate. 51.The little boy stood there with his eyes____________（focus) on the ice-cream in his mother's hand. 52.She hurriedly got off the bus, ____________（leave) her handbag on her seat. Not until she arrived home did she realize that. 53.With the development of modern technology and communication, the simplest way____________（look) for former classmates is by searching the World Wide Web. 54.With time____________（go) by, some people forget their ambitions. 55.Being consistently late may cause you____________（start) believing your lateness is acceptable. 56.The report____________（publish) today says poor countries will experience more flooding, declining food production and more diseases. 57.This creates a unique living condition for plateau wildlife, making this place "a paradise for wildlife" and leaving numerous mysteries and beauty____________（explore). 58.Among the family-friendly activities____________（offer) at Central Park for visitors are workshops, rides and climbing. 59. ____________（write) in a hurry, this article was not so good. Therefore, she was a little regretful. 60.For many young people, ____________（study) at a university is one of the most important stages of their lives. 61.Land Art, sometimes____________（refer) to as Earth Art or Earthworks, is a form of art which involves using physical landscapes to create art. 62. ____________（ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. 63.He raised his voice in order to make himself____________（hear), but in vain. There were too many customers in the store. 64. ____________（praise) by the neighbors, he became the pride of his parents. 65.It was not unusual to find him____________（play) and running around his backyard, wearing his medicine- laden backpack. 66.With no money in hand____________（spend), she sighed and had to leave. 67. ____________（compare) to the post-90s who have already stepped into society, the majority of post-00s are students now. They have more opportunities. 68.These benefits may come from extra exercise of walking and____________（play) with pets, and stress relief for having a good "friend". 69. ____________（wander) aimlessly in the street for hours, she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat.70.With time____________（go) by, some people forget their ambitions.