专题21状语从句(解析版)_03高考英语_2024年新高考资料_3.2024专项复习_[高考字典]2024年高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题应对策略(通用版)

高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题应对策略 专题 21 状语从句 目录 一 知识网络 状语从句的基本概念和九种类别的连词及例句（表时间、地点、原因、条件、目 的、结果、让步、方式和比较） 二 考点考法 九种状语从句的连词 三 真题回顾 展现命题趋势，明确考试目标 四 真题训练 近几年高考状语从句专题训练 五 考情分析 考情：自2014年全国卷采用语法填空以来，30份试卷中仅考查了6道。一是so… that结构中的 so，二是表示比较的 than，三是as…as possible这一固定搭配中的 as，四是引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”的as/when。 六 模拟操练 再次巩固所掌握的知识点体系并能灵活应用 知识网络 1.基本概念 相当于副词，在句中作状语的从句。由从属连词引导；从句位于主句前时常用逗号隔开。 2.九种类别 1)时间 1.连词：when, whenever, as, while, till, until, since, after, before; once, by the time, each time, every time, next time, the first time; as soon as, the moment/minute/instant, instantly, directly, immediately, no sooner...than, hardly... when (一……就……) 2.例句： As time went on, his sorrow passed. (= With time going on, ...) (表随着，只用as) When I arrived, I saw a 2- to 3-week-old owl (猫头鹰). (非延续，不用while) He fell asleep while (he was) doing his homework. (while从句的谓语动词须具有延续性) 2)地点 1.连词：where (……的地方), wherever (任何……地方) 2.例句：We must camp where we can get water. /You can sit wherever you like. 3)原因 1.连词：because(因为)；since, now that, when (既然)；as, seeing that, in that(由于)； for the reason that(出于这个原因), given that /considering that (考虑到) 2.例句： He chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. Given that conflict cannot be avoided, we need to learn how to manage it. 4)条件 1.连词：if, unless (除非，如果不), provided/ providing that (假如, 倘若), on condition that (条件是, 如果), as long as, so long as, only if (只要) 2.例句： So long as you make Ruth happy, I’m content. Unless you wear boots, you may get bitten by snakes.I will subscribe ten dollars provided that you do, too. 5)目的 1.连词：so that（以便）, in order that, in case (以防), for fear that (生怕，以免) 2.例句： Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup. Keep an eye on the stove in case the coffee boils. (以防咖啡煮沸溢出) 6)结果 1.连词：so that(结果), so +adj./adv. that..., such+ (adj.+) n. that... (如此……以至……) 2.例句： The window was covered so that it was not possible to see inside. I was so nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. There were so many cars that I lost count. He has made such rapid progress that we can hardly believe it. Tom is such a good egg that everybody wants to be his friend. 7)让步 1.连词：although, though, while, as, even if, even though, whether...or, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever, whichever, no matter what /who /when/ where /which 2.例句： Although it doesn’t taste of anything special, it’s still worth a try. While all of them are useful, they can get a little complex. We should respect others no matter who they are. She felt sure this friendship would last, whatever else happened. 8)方式 1.连词：(just) as, as if, as though 2.例句： Just as laughing has many health advantages, so does crying. I stared at everything as if I was looking at it for the first time. 9)比较 1.连词：than, as...as, not as/so...as, as... as usual/ possible(=one can)/ necessary/ expected 2.例句： Sometimes the host offers guests more food than they need. The results were not as bad as I had expected. They have produced twice as much sugar as in the previous season. Please make the situations as concrete as possible /you can. 考点考法 1._____ China grows stronger and stronger, more and more people learn Chinese. （答案为As） 2.Being a mother isn’t as bad ____ I thought at first! （答案为as） 3.________ we listen, we cannot know how to respond. （答案为Unless） 真题回顾 语法填空：在空白处填入1个适当的单词。1. (2019全国Ⅲ卷) On our way to the house, it was raining ______ hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take to get there. 【解析】句意：在我们去房子的路上，雨下得如此大，以至于我们不禁想知道还要多久才能到达那里。因 “so…that…”为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，故填so。 2. (2020全国Ⅰ卷)The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep crater s(环形山), more so ______ the familiar near side. 【解析】结合上文的The far side of the moon和more及下文的the familiar near side 可知，此处含有对比关 系， 对比月球的背面和正面，用than连接两个比较对象，故填than。 3. (2018 全国Ⅰ卷) …the review says it is more effective at lengthening life ______ walking, cycling or swimming. 【解析】由前面的more effective可知，是比较级，用than连接比较对象，故填than。 4. (2020全国Ⅲ卷) __________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. 【解析】引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，故应用When或As引导，故填When或As。 5. (2016全国Ⅱ卷) Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive ____ possible before lunch. 【解析】因as…as possible是固定搭配，故填as。 6. (2016全国Ⅲ卷) Over time, ______ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces. 【解析】表示“随着”用as引导时间状语从句。顺便提提，句中Over time意为“久而久之”，故填as。 考情分析 考情：自2014年全国卷采用语法填空以来，30份试卷中仅考查了6道。一是so…that结构中的so，二是表 示比较的 than，三是 as…as possible 这一固定搭配中的 as，四是引导时间状语从句，表示“随着” 的as/when。 解法：理解句意，根据主句和从句之间的逻辑关系，确定填哪个从属连词才意义通顺。 模拟操练 1. (2023 届江苏苏州期中调研) __________ the cold air southward meets the declining warm and wet air, precipitation (降水) is the result. 【解析】因两个句子间没有连词，必定填连词。又根据句意“当向南的冷空气与下降的暖湿空气相遇，就 会产生降水。”可知，故填when或as (当……的时候)。 2. __________ he wants to convey, the writer is expected to be good at summarization and Chinese to produce a couplet with several characters that is excellent in both content and language. 【解析】引导让步状语从句，作convey的宾语，表示“无论什么”，应用whatever，注意位于句首，首字 母要大写，故填Whatever。 3. _________ confident the rider may be, larger vehicles on the road make them easily hurt. 【解析】引导让步状语从句，表“不管多么”用however，故填however。 4. (2023届山西大同二调) ___ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. 【解析】因we don’t stop climate change与many animals and plants in the world will be gone 是两个句子，之间没有连词，必定填连词；又由句意或逻辑“如果我们不能阻止气候变化，世界上很多动植物将会消 失。”本句结构：连词+从句，主句。可知，故填if。 5. (2023届浙江湖州联考) Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident __________________ they pay more attention to their electronic devices than to the pavement (人行道). 【解析】因“他们把更多的注意力放在电子设备上而不是路面上”是“曾发生过与设备相关的小事故”的 原因，故填because或as或since。 6. …but his hard work then goes for nothing—sharks eat the captured (捕获的) fish ________ he can return to the harbor. 【解析】因sharks eat…与he can return…是两个句子，意思是“但是他的努力白费了—— 在他返回港口之 前，鲨鱼吃掉了捕获的鱼”，表示“在……之前”，用before。 7. (2023届广东广州调研测试) There is so much to take in _______ disciples (学徒) usually start their career as young children, spending years conditioning their bodies and minds for the stage. 【解析】因so…that…为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，故填that。 8. ____ time went by, more and more students showed great interest in our club. 【解析】因as time went by (=with time going by) 为固定搭配，意为“随着时间流逝”，as引导时间状语 从句，故填As。 9. But even more than 600 years _______ it was built, it’s still managing to serve up surprises. 【解析】因为是两个句子，之间没有连词，必定填连词；又根据句意“即使它 (紫禁城) 建成后有600多 年了”可知，填after，表示“在……之后”，故填after。 10. Tongpao has risen in number over the past 15 years ________ a worker in Central China’s Henan Province named Wang Letian made a hanfu-style suit and wore it in public in 2003. 【解析】因Tongpao has risen…与 a worker…made 是两个句子，之间没有连词，必定填连词；又据句意 “自从2003年中国中部河南省一名叫王乐天的工人制作了一套汉服风格的衣服并在公共场合穿着以来，同 袍的数量在过去15年里不断增加”可知，用since (自从) 引导时间状语从句，故填since。 11. It wasn’t ______ 1706 that Thomas Twining founded the world’s first dry tea and coffee shop in London. 【解析】句中it was not until…that是not…until (直到……才) 的强调式，故填until。 12. China has several advantages ______ it comes to the artificial intelligence field, but chief among them is Chinese companies’ access to a huge amount of data. 【解析】因when it comes to…为固定句型，意为“当提到……”，故填when。 13. _________ a boy, he was told that he was hopeless at science and finished bottom of his class. 【解析】意思是“当他还是个孩子的时候”，填When或As。When/As a boy 是状语从句的省略，相当于 When/ As he was a boy。当状语从句的主语与主句主语相同，谓语部分又有be时，主语与be可以省略，故 填When或As。 14. Moreover, ________ you use a word quite often, its spelling and meaning will be no problem. 【解析】因you use…与its spelling and meaning will be…是两个句子，之间没有连词，必定填连词；又由句 意或逻辑“此外，如果/ 当你经常使用一个单词，它的拼写和意思都没有问题”可知，故填if/when。 15. In a word, ________ money is worshiped (崇拜), it can cause brothers to quarrel, lovers to hate, and strangersto fight and so on. 【解析】因两句间没有连词，必定填连词；又据句意“总而言之，在崇拜金钱的地方， 它会导致兄弟间 的争吵、 爱人间的仇恨、以及陌生人间的打斗等”可知用where引导地点状语从句，表示“在……的地 方”，故填where。 16. There are so many inviting goods on online shops that many people, especially young people, can’t help being persuaded to buy what they actually don’t need ____________ they think they can buy what they like with less money. 【解析】说明前句的原因，故填because或for。 17. I was really surprised that the workers could build it so well _____ even today it is not out of style. 【解析】与前面的so构成so…that句型，引导结果状语从句，故填that。 18. “ ______________________ the patterns and colours may be different, paper-cuts share the same function of maintaining emotional ties among people,” says Yang Huizi. 【解析】句意：尽管样式和颜色不同，但是剪纸所承载的情感纽带的功能却是一样的。前后句为让步关 系，故用Although/ Though/While。 19. Wherever you live, whatever you do and _________ you are, join Litterati to make the world a cleaner and healthier place to live in. 【解析】句意：无论你生活在哪里，无论你做什么，无论你是谁，参加Litterati来使世界成为适合居住的 更干净更健康的地方。表示“无论谁”用whoever，引导让步状语从句，故填whoever。 20. When you start to run longer, you will start to eat to fuel your body, and may even find that you need to eat more food every day _______ you did when you were overweight. 【解析】由more可知，用than引导比较状语从句。 21. So there are tea shop owners who, just ____ Starbucks does, locate their shops in the downtown area to provide service for quick customers. 【解析】引导方式状语从句，表示“正如……”，用just as，故填as。 22.[2023·湖北省孝感市高三模拟]Apart from that, the decorated resumes do little help to find a job ________ most HR managers pay more attention to skills. 【解析】句意：除此之外，装饰华丽的简历对找工作几乎没有帮助，因为大多数人力资源经理更注重技 能。由“resumes do little help to find a job”和“most HR managers pay more attention to skills”可知，句子表示 “装饰华丽的简历对找工作几乎没有帮助，因为大多数人力资源经理更注重技能”，空格处意为“因 为”，故填because。 23. …this kind of learning was much better ______ sitting at a computer. 【解析】由much better可知此处应填than，故填than。 24.[2023·辽宁省协作体一模]________the factory was a later addition, it proved that subsequently dedicated coin mints were built somewhere in China from the very beginning. 【解析】句意：虽然工厂是后来增加的，它证明了后来专用铸币厂从一开始就在中国的某个地方建造。引 导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”可用 while、although或though，句首单词首字母要大写，故填 While/ Although/Though。 25.[2023·苏锡常镇四市调研一]Without complex decorations, it combines buildings with scenery so well________ the whole garden appears to be naturally endowed (赋予)． 【解析】so...that...为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，故填that。 26.[2023·河南省高考适应性练习]________ or not you agree, the saying does reflect its vital role in the city's evolution(演变)． 【解析】句意：不管你是否同意，这句话确实反映了它在城市发展中的重要作用。whether...or not...无 论……与否， 符合语境，故填Whether。 27.[2023·常德市模拟]Getting up early has many benefits for both your body ________ your mind. 【解析】句意：早起对你的身心都有很多好处。前后是并列关系，所以用连词and。 28.[2023·河北名校联盟高三调研]Getting that plastic out of the water again is nearly impossible, ________ policymakers should focus on preventing any more of it entering the oceans in the first place. 【解析】句意：将塑料再次从水中取出几乎是不可能的，因此政策制定者首先应该专注于防止更多塑料进 入海洋。根据语境和句意可知，此空前后两句有因果关系，应用连词so。 29.[2023·南京市考前训练题二]Mack is in the middle of his A-levels, ________ he is too impatient to finish the year, so he is taking a break from his studies to attempt the world record. 【解析】句意：麦克的A级课程已经进行了一半，但是他太不耐烦了，不能完成这一年的课程，所以他要 休学，去尝试打破世界纪录。结合句意可知，前后事情发生了转折，所以用转折连词but。 30.[2023·河北衡水中学押题卷]For instance, you have to add ingredients in the correct order, ________ cookies will be unpleasantly wet. 【解析】句意：例如，你必须按照正确的顺序添加配料，否则饼干会变得潮湿，令人不快。分析句子逻辑 可知，可知填or。 31.[2023·高三年级苏州八校模拟]In the following years, ________Deng has dedicated himself to training, struggling for an opportunity to fly into space, he has always been inches away from good luck and has yet to make it. 【解析】句意：在接下来的几年里，尽管Deng一直致力于训练，努力争取进入太空的机会，但他总是与 好运近在咫尺，至今仍未实现。后文“he has always been inches away from good luck and has yet to make it” 和前文之间存在转折关系，因位于句子开头部分，故此处可填while或although或though。 32.[2023·河北省适应性考试]The book creates a painting style that is both classical ________ modern. 【解析】句意：这本书创造了一种既古典又现代的绘画风格。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭 配both...and...，表示“不仅……而且……”，故填and。 33.[2023·苏州八校模拟]Dad, you are only one step away from fulfilling your dream. You must hold on to it, no matter ________awaits you. 【解析】句意：你必须坚持下去，不管等待你的是什么。根据句意和no matter可知，此处引导让步状语从 句，no matter what“无论什么……”，连接代词what在从句中作主语，指代事物。故填what。 34.[2023·连云港市考前模拟一]In addition, improvement of teachers' professional development cannot be over emphasized ________ technology will never replace a knowledgeable teacher. 【解析】句意：此外，教师专业发展的改善再怎么强调也不为过，因为技术永远不会取代知识渊博的教 师。结合语境，上下句之间是因果关系，故填because/since/as。35.[2023·山东省济南市模拟] I feel I'm missing something ________ I don't eat yuanxiao during the Lantern Festival. 【解析】句意：如果我在元宵节期间不吃元宵，我觉得我错过了什么。引导条件状语从句，表示“如果” 应用if，故填if。 36.[2023·江苏省连云港市模拟二]One solution to this problem is to collect and preserve the seeds of as many different species as we can ________ they disappear. 【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处需用连词连接状语从句；结合句意可知，此处指在种子消失前，收集并 保存它们。由此可知，空处需用连词before“在……之前”，故填before。