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专题 09 冠词
（解析版）
三年真题
1. 【2022·全国甲卷】______ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
1. A
【解析】考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他
的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。
2. 【2022·全国新I卷】Covering an area about three times ______ size of Yellowstone National Park,
the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
2. the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本
句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。
3. 【2021·全国乙卷】Due to ______ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel,
various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
3. the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态
旅游。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related
and adventure travel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填
the。
4. 【2021·全国甲卷】 It took us about 3 hours to go all ______ way around the Xi'an City Wall.
4. the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短
语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。
5. 【2021·新高考I卷】While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ________ must to visit!
5. a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must作名词时，意为“绝
对必要的事物”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头
的词，应用a。故填a。6. 【2020·全国II卷】The plum trees are _______ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融
化).
6. the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加
定冠词the。故填the。
7. 【2020·浙江】A child born in the US today has______very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and
needs to plan accordingly.
7. a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：今天在美国出生的孩子有非常现实的机会活到100岁以上，因此需要做出相应
的计划。chance为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且very为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
8. 【2020·浙江】Then，with _____ rise of science，changes began.
8. the
【解析】考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着......的崛
起”是固定短语。故填the。
考频统计
在2020-2022年三年高考真题中，冠词的考查频率统计如下：
冠词 考频 出处
不定冠词 3次 【2022·全国甲卷】【2021·新高考I卷】【2020·浙江】
【2022·全国新I卷】【2021·全国乙卷】【2021·全国甲卷】
定冠词 5次
【2020·全国II卷】【2020·浙江】
考点清单
一、不定冠词的主要用法
形式 用法 例句
表示数量“一” A thousand people were there.
泛指任意一个人或事物 A girl is waiting for you at the school
a/an+可数名词单数
gate.
表示一类人或事物 A dog is a faithful animal.
a/an+表示人名的专有名 表示“一个叫......的人”或“......式 I want to be a Xu Beihong when I grow
词 的人物” up.
a/an+修饰语+表示季 泛指某个不确定的时间、“一顿...... I had a big lunch yesterday.
节、月份、日期、星 的饭”等
期、三餐等的名词
a/an + 序数词 表示“另一，又一” You can try a second time if you fail.a/an + 单位名词（重 表示“每一......” Most workers get paid once a month.
量、长度、时间等）
a/an + 形容词最高级 + 表示“一个很/非常......的......” Thank you for a nicest weekend.
可数名词单数
含有不定冠词的常考短语：
have a cold得了感冒 as a matter of fact事实上 once upon a time从前
have a good time 玩得高兴 as a rule通常,照例 all of a sudden突然
have a gift for 有.......的天赋 after a while一会儿后 a waste of...浪费
have a word with...与.....谈话 in a hurry 匆忙 a matter of.......的问题
have/take a rest休息一下 in a sense在某种意义上 have a population ..........
have a holiday度假 in a word总之 have a history of..有......的历史
make a living谋生 in a moment-会儿 a collection of... 一批......
get a lift/ride搭便车 once in a while偶尔 have a knowledge of( = know )
go on a diet节食 at a loss 困惑,不知所措 知道
as a result因此 at a distance离一段距离 have an understanding of( =
for a while 暂时，一会儿 understand )懂得
二、定冠词的主要用法
形式 用法 例句
I bought a TV and a mobile phone last
上文提到过的或大家已知
the+名词 Saturday, but there is something wrong with
的、熟悉的人或物
the TV.
the + 由普通名词构成的专 这些专有名词主要是公共
有名词或表示宇宙间独一无 建筑物、民族、阶级、党 My sister joined the Party last year.
二的事物的名词 派或组织机构等
动词+sb.+介词+the+身体某
表示接受外来动作 My teacher patted me on the shoulder.
一部位
the + 可数名词单数 The tiger is the king of the beasts.
指某类人或事物
He fired me, but soon he was among the
the + 形容词/分词
unemployed.
the + 姓氏复数 指一家人或夫妇俩 The Johnsons have lived here for 20 years.
This set of furniture is the least expensive
the + 形容词或副词最高级 表示最高级意义
here.
the + 被演奏的西洋乐器 表示演奏乐器 The little boy can play the piano very well.
含有不定冠词的常考短语：
in the countryside在乡下 in the daytime在白天 make the most of充分利用
in the end最后，终于 in the habit of习惯于 in the distance在远处in the way挡路 go to the doctor's 去看医生 老实说
on the whole总的说来 by the way顺便提一下 go to the cinema去看电影
on the right/left 在右/左边 the other day前几天 not in the least( =not at all) 一
at the moment此刻 on the radio/ phone 通过无线电 点也不
for the time being 暂时 广播/电话 on the one hand..; on the other
in the meantime同时 on the spot 在现场，当场，当 hand...一方面...另一方面.....
at the end ......的尽头 下 for the most part通常,多半
in the playground 在操场上 to tell( you) the truth 说实话，
三、零冠词的主要用法
用法 例句
不可数名词、复数名词表泛指，用零冠词 He likes to read novels.
名词前已有this, that, my, your, some, each,
She is not my type of woman.
no, any等限定时不再用冠词
表示学科、语言、三餐、棋类、球类运动、季
I enjoyed English, biology and chemistry.
节、月份、星期、节日的名词前
表示职位、头衔的名词用作表语、同位语或补
The young man us captain of this ship.
足语
表示交通方式的“by+名词”结构中的名词前 Fresh water was taken to the city by train.
两个名词指同一个人或物时，后面的名词前不
The teacher and writer has come to the meeting.
用冠词
作“人类”讲的man和作“消息”讲的word Word came that our team won the game.
系动词turn后作表语的名词前 Upon graduation, my cousin turned clerk in a bank.
“零冠词+单数名词+as/though+主语+谓语+主
Hero as he is, he has some shortcomings.
句”，意为“虽然、尽管......，但是......”
有无冠词意义不同的短语
at school上学 at the school在学校
by day白天 by the day按日计算
in hospital住院 in the hospital在医院
in office 执政 in the office在办公室内
leave school辍学 leave the school离开学校
live on farm务农 live on the farm住在农场
in charge of掌管 in the charge of .....掌管之中
in place of取代 in the place of .....的位置上
out of question毫无疑问 out of the question不可能
go to bed上床睡觉 go to the bed朝床边走去
go to church做礼拜 go to the church 去教堂
two of us我们中的两个 the two of us我们两个in front of ....(外部)的前面 in the front of ....(内部)的前部
变式练习
基础练
1. Sophie dreams of walking in outer space like astronaut one day.
2. The Americans landed on moon in 1969.
3. I had intended to go to the party but I had unexpected visitor.
4. We finally arrived in Beijing. As soon as train stopped, everybody came to life.
5. India has population of more than one billion.
6. Do you think it all right to buy him that DVD player as_____ birthday gift?
7. He graduated from university of Yunnan Province.
8. February is second month of a year.
9. Life is like ocean; Only strong-willed can reach the other shore.
10. The paper is due next month, and 1 am working seven days week, often long into
night.
参考答案：
1. an 2. the 3. an 4. /;the 5. a
6. /;a 7. a;/ 8. the 9. an; the 10. a;the
提升练
1. We all hold opinion that persons who have wonderful sense of humour are more
popular.
2. The young generation is hope of the nation.
3. You don't necessarily have to own latest everything but you should have rough idea of
what is changing.
4. We don't think the experiment is failure. At least we have gained experience for future
success.
5. Mr Brown works in middle school. It is school built in the 16th century.
6. Transformers is most exciting film and I really want to see it for second time.
7. As is known to us, panda is in danger of becoming extinct.
8. Emily felt completely at loss when word came that her son finally left home.9. Lin Shuhao, NBA star, is one of few basketball players who are very popular with
Chinese fans.
10. He was poorest man here years ago, but now he is rich man.
参考答案：
1. the;a 2. the 3. the;a 4. a;/ 5. a;a
6. a;a 7. the;/ 8. a;/ 9. an;the 10. the;a
