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专题 06 形容词和副词（解析版）
知识点梳理
Part 1：
1. 形容词和副词的句法功能；
2. 根据提示词写出正确的形容词或副词词形；
3. 原级、比较级、最高级的使用；
4. 倍数的表达法；
5. 常见形容词、副词的惯用法。
知识点1 基本用法
1. 形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或物的性质、特征和状态，在句中一般作定语、表语或
宾语补足语等。
Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. (作定语)
English is compulsory for Chinese students. (作表语)
Please keep the door open. (作宾补)
副词用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子，表示时间、地点、方式、程度、动
作、频率等，在句中主要作状语。
Please write slowly and carefully. (修饰动词)
Mary and Jane are quite different. (修饰形容词)
He spoke too quickly to understand. (修饰副词)
He is badly in need of money. (修饰介词短语)
Generally , it’s a book worth reading. (修饰句子)
2. 形容词和副词的比较级用于两个人或事物之间的比较，最高级用于三个或三个以上人或事物
之间的比较。比较的对象应为同类，且不能相互包容，常用结构为“比较级＋than＋比较对象”，
“the＋最高级＋比较范围”。
The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.
Allan is the second tallest player in the team.
Lucy runs faster than Lily.
知识点2 形容词与副词的比较级和最高级构成
1：规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级small smaller smallest
单音节词一般情况下直接加-er和-est great greater greatest
hard harder hardest
fine finer finest
以e结尾的单音节词和少数以-ble结
cute cuter cutest
尾的双音节词加-r和-st
able abler ablest
以一个辅音字母结尾,且前面只有一个元音 fat fatter fattest
字母的词,双写辅音字母后再加-er和-est
thin thinner thinnest
hot hotter hottest
easy easier easiest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,先把y变为i再
happy happier happiest
加-er和-est
early earlier earliest
clever cleverer cleverest
少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,加-er和-est
narrow narrower narrowest
careful more careful most careful
其他双音节和多音节的形容词或副词
popular more popular most popular
一般在前面加more和most
efficiently More efficientlymost efficiently
2：不规则变化
good,well better best
bad,ill worse worst
many,much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
3：形容词和副词比较等级常见句式
as...as.../not so (as)...as...,意为“和…(不)一 She is as tall as her mother.
样…” I am not as/ so good a player as you are.
比较级 (+ than),意为“一方比另一 This picture is more beautiful than that one.
方……” I have never seen a more interesting film.
less +原级+than,意为“一方不及另一方……” This room is less beautiful than that one.
the +比较级,the +比较级,意为“越…… The harder you work,the more progress you
越……” will make.
“否定词+比较级”表示最高级意义 I have never spent a more worrying day.
more...than...,意为“与其……倒不
He is more shy than unfriendly.
如……”
以-ior结尾的形容词,与to搭配。 The book is superior to that one I just
如:junior,senior,superior,prior,inferior等 finished reading.This book is no more interesting than
no+比较级+than两者都不
that once.
The+比较级+of the two两者中较为…… the older of the two
知识点3 形容词、副词的倍数表达法
(1)... 倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as...
The big box is four times as heavy as the small one. 大箱子是小箱子的四倍重。
(2)... 倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than...
The car runs twice faster than that truck. 这辆轿车跑得比那辆卡车快两倍。
(3)... 倍数＋the＋度量衡名词＋of...
The newly built square is four times the size of the previous one. 新建的广场是之前的四倍大。
(4)... 倍数＋what从句
Cotton output is now ten times what it was ten years ago. 目前棉花产量是十年前的十倍。
(5)... 倍数＋that/those of...
In this workshop the output of July was 3.5 times that of January. 这个车间七月的产量是一月
的3.5倍。
知识点4 形容词作定语的位置
形容词作定语通常前置,但在下列情况后置:
以-able,-ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或 the best book available,the only
only修饰的名词之后 solution possible
alive,alike,awake,aware,asleep等可以后置 the only person awake
和空间、时间、单位连用时 a bridge 50 meters long
成对的形容词可以后置 a huge room simple and beautiful
形容词短语一般后置 a man difficult to get on with
Part 2：高考真题精选
1.（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and
homes of giant pandas, and __________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
答案：eventually
解析：考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词 achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词
achieve。故填eventually。
2.（2022全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___________ (meaning).
答案：meaningful
解析：考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形
容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。
3.（2022 全国甲卷）...and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s _________ (high)
mountain.
答案：highest
解析：考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达
了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最
高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。
4.（2022 全国乙卷）“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the
_________ (large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to
promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
答案：largest
解析：考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，
中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，
所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。
5.（2022年浙江卷1月）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, __________（rough）
200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort
started two years ago.
答案：roughly
解析：考查副词。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约
有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”，故
填roughly。
6.（2022新高考二卷）On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his
father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV.答案：asleep
解析：考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形
容词作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡
的”，asleep符合句意。故填asleep。
7.（2022新高考二卷）When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge.
答案：accidentally
解析：考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，
设空处解析：应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副
词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。
8.（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It
will 3 (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
【答案】undoubtedly
【解析】考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空格所填词应该修饰动词 help，故应用副词形式。
Undoubted 变副词，直接在词尾加ly。故填undoubtedly。
9.（2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空）
When the house was built, it was much 4 (small) than it is today.
【答案】smaller
【解析】考查形容词的比较级，句中有than这个提示词，much修饰比较级。句意：当房子建好时，
它比现在要小得多。
10.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different
gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 10 (day)
routines.
【答案】 daily
【解析】考查形容词。此处表示 "观察当地人的日常生活" ，修饰routines, 故用形容词，故填
daily。
11.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the
wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 5 (good) than to ride on a piece of history!【答案】 better
【解析】考查形容词的词性转换。根据句中 "than" 可知，应该填写形容词的比较级的形式，故填
better。
12.（2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空）Provide 8 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
【答案】 financial
【解析】考查形容词。空前为动词，空后为名词，故判断此空填形容词形式修饰后面的名词aid。因
此应使用 finance 的形容词形式 financial。句意：为当地居民提供经济帮助和其他益处。故填
financial。
13.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空） But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in
many countries had narrowed 8 (sharp).
【答案】sharply
【解析】考查副词。句意：30年后，很多国家的BMI数值的城乡差异急剧下降。根据句子结构可知
the BMI difference… had narrowed (sharp). 修饰动词narrow要用副词，故答案为 sharply。
14.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空）This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the
countryside, including 10 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and
fewer sports facilities.
【答案】lower
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：乡下的人条件差一些，包括更低的收入和教育水平，更高的健
康食物花销和更少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知 levels of income and education与higher costs of
healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 是并列关系，前后结构要一致由higher和fewer可知low要用
形容词比较级，故答案为lower。
15.（2021.3 天津卷 单选）As working from home becomes common, people are finding it easier
to combine parenthood with a full-time career.
A. increasingly B. equally C. nervously D. confusingly
【答案】A
【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：随着在家工作变得越来越普遍，人们发现把为人父母和全职工作结
合起来变得更容易了。A.increasingly越来越多地、不断增加地；B.equally同样地；C.nervously紧张
地；D.confusingly令人困惑地。根据句意可知，本空应填increasingly。故选：A。16.（2021.3 天津卷 单选）While rock-climbing, you need to remain very so that you won't
make any dangerous errors.
A. satisfied B. focused C. amused D. delighted
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：攀岩的时候，你需要保持专注，这样你就不会犯任何危险的错误。
A. satisfied满意的；B. focused集中的；C. amused有趣的；D. delighted高兴的。根据句意可知，本
空应填focused。故选：B。
17.（2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空）
It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1 (educate) about the
areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for
conservation and benefits the development of the local areas.
【答案】educated
【解析】考查形容词作表语。根据空前为become可知，空格处所填词应作become的表语。句意：
这与传统的旅游业不同，因为它可以使游客了解到这些区域的一些知识。故填educated。
18.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.
【答案】extremely
【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使
用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。
19.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.
【答案】extremely
【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使
用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。
20.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see
them often in their homes and office. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
【答案】Certainly
【解析】考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，
因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。21.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓
蕾) make fantastic decorations.
【答案】beautiful
【解析】考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词
branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。
22.（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called
all great artists to come and present their 62 ． (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
【答案】finest
【解析】考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，
展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”
此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。
23.（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）As the small boat moved, 68 ． (gentle) along the river he was left
speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
【答案】gently
【解析】考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处
修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。
24. （2020·江苏卷单项填空）The outbreak of Covid-19 has meant an _____ change in our life and work.
A. absurd B. abrupt C. allergic D. authentic
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的
变化。A. absurd荒谬的；B. abrupt突然的；C. allergic过敏的；D. authentic真实的。根据常识可知，
新冠肺炎疫情给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。故选B。
25.（2020·天津卷单项填空）According to Professor Johnson, we don’t have to read the book if we don’t
want to, as it is ______.
A．worthwhile B．necessary C．optional D．serious
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:根据约翰逊教授的说法，如果我们不想读这本书，就不必读，
因为它是可选择的。A. worthwhile值得的；B. necessary必要的；C. optional 可选择的，选修的；D.serious严肃的，认真的。根据“we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to”可知，这本书读不读
都可以，由此可知，它是“可选择的”。故选C。
26.（2020·山东卷语法填空）In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36 ． (wealth) people travelled and
collected plants, historical objects and works of art.
【答案】wealthy
【解析】考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰
名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。
27.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】28.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ___________
options to exercise.
A. casual B. regular C. flexible D. tight
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼
选项。A. casual偶然的，随便的；B. regular定期的，有规律的；C. flexible灵活的；D. tight紧的，
密封的。故选C。
28.【2019·新课标I卷·语法填空】It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of
the range has been ___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-
25,000 polar bears worldwide.
【答案】poorly
【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词 poorly修饰谓语动词 has been
studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。
29.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】Her years of hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged after
a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
【答案】finally
【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have
been acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。
30.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we
couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
【答案】so【解析】考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久
才能到达那里。“so…that…”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。
