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专题 05 形容词和副词
易错题【01】形容词变副词的特殊情况
易错题【02】形容词和副词的比较级与最高级
易错题【03】形容词与副词的误用
01 形容词变副词的特殊情况
(2020年全国Ⅰ，语法填空，1.5分)Landing on the moon’s far side is ___________ (extreme)
challenging.
【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是混淆去掉最后一个字母e的场合。
【问诊】形容词变副词，绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly 例如：wise - wisely;
polite -politely; absolute - absolutely; complete -completely; entire - entirely
【答案】extremely
【叮嘱】形容词变副词的规则：
1. 在形容词词尾直接加-ly。
如:real-really; helpful-helpfully; careful-carefully; hopeful-hopefully; slow-slowly; quick-quickly;
quiet-quietly polite-politely, wide-widely
2. 以加y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly。
如:busy-busily; angry-angrily; easy-easily; happy-happily; heavy-heavily; noisy----noisily;
healthy----healthily;
3以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,然后再加-y。如: true-truly；
4.以le 结尾的形容词，去e 加y 变成副词。如 :terrible-terribly;gentle-gently;possible-possibly;probable—probably; responsible—
responsibly ; comfortable-comfortably; gentle----gently; simple----simply
5.另外,副词还可以由形容词加前缀a-得来。 如:loud (adj.)-aloud (adv.)
1.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷) As the small boat moved ________ (gentle) along the river he was left
speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
【答案】gently
【解析】句意：当小船在河上轻轻移动的时候，他被在水中静静地倒映着的山峦惊得说不
出话来。此处修饰动词move，用副词形式。
2.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷) Her years of hard work have ______ (final) been acknowledged after a
customer nominated her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.
【答案】finally
【解析】句意：她多年的努力工作最终被认可，之后一名顾客提名她为柴郡的年度女性。
have been acknowledged是谓语，用副词作状语修饰。故填finally。
02 形容词与副词的比较级与最高级
(2020年新课标全国卷Ⅰ，语法填空，1.5分)The far side of the moon is of particular interest to
scientists because it has a lot of deep craters, more so _____ the familiar near side.
【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是固定搭配记忆不牢。
【问诊】句意：科学家们对月球的远侧特别感兴趣，因为它有很多深的陨石坑，更常见的
是近处。
【答案】than
【叮嘱】常用句型
1．同级比较：as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as，其否定形式是“not as/so＋形容词/副词的原级
＋as”。2．比较级结构：形容词/副词的比较级＋than; more/less＋多音节或某些双音节的形容词或
副词＋than。常见的修饰比较级的词有any, much, even, far, by far, a lot, a great deal等。
The book is far more interesting than the books I have ever read.
这本书比我以前读的书有趣多了。
3．最高级结构：the＋形容词的最高级(＋名词)＋比较范围(in/of/among短语)；one of the＋
形容词的最高级＋名词复数。常用来修饰最高级的词有by far, almost以及序数词等。
She is the most active student in our class.
她是我们班最活跃的学生。
4．比较级的常用句型
(1)“比较级＋and＋比较级”或“more and more＋原级”表示“越来越……”。
Holiday flight tickets are getting less and less expensive.
假期的机票越来越便宜了。
(2)“the＋比较级……，the＋比较级……”，表示“越……越……”。
The more you listen and read, the better you write and speak.
你听得越多，读得越多，你的写作和口语就越好。
(3)“the＋比较级＋of＋the名词/代词”，表示“(两者中)较……的”。
Of the two cameras, I would prefer the smaller one, which is very easy for me to carry.
这两个照相机，我喜欢较小的一个，它容易携带。
5．比较级形式表达最高级的含义
(1)“否定词＋比较级”或“否定词＋such/so ...as”结构表示最高级含义。
Your story is perfect, I've never heard a better one before.
你的故事太完美了，我从来没有听过比这更好听的故事。(2)比较级在以下几种结构中均表示最高级含义：
①比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词
②比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词
③比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词
The Yangtze River is longer than any other river/than all the other rivers/than any of the other
rivers in China.
长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。
6．倍数表达法
常见的倍数表达句型主要有：
(1)A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B
(2)A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B
(3)A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，height等)＋of B
(4)the＋名词(size，length，height 等)＋of A＋is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B
(5)A is＋倍数＋what引导的名词性从句
Smoking is harmful to people's health, killing seven times more people each year than traffic
accidents.
吸烟有害健康，每年因抽烟而丧命的人比死于交通事故的多7倍。
1. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.
【答案】worse
【解析】考查比较级。短语Even worse 意为"更糟糕的是"，表示意义的递进。故用
worse。2.It was (consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
【答案】considerate
【解析】句意：Michael通知我们他要迟一会儿以防我们担心，想得真周到。本句使用了It
is/was + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 这一结构。故此处要用形容词，应填considerate "考虑周到
的"。
03 形容词与副词的误用
1. We don’t care if a hunting dog smells _____, but we really don’t want him to smell ____.
A. well；well B. bad；bad
C. well；badly D. badly；bad
【错因分析】容易误选 B，认为两个 smell均为连系动词，后接形容词作表语。
【试题解析】句中的第一个 smell为实义动词，意为“闻气味”、“嗅觉”，smell badly
意为“嗅觉差”；第二个 smell为连系动词，意为“闻起来(有某种气味)”，smell bad意
为“闻起来气味难闻”。全句意为“我们并不介意一条猎狗的嗅觉不好，但我们的确不希
望它的气味难闻”。
【参考答案】 D
2. A few days later, the missing girl was found ____________(death) in the house.
【错因分析】容易误填deadly。有的学生误以为是副词修饰动词found而填deadly。
【试题解析】分析这个句子的结构可知，形容词dead在句中作主语的补语，本句意为：几
天后，那个失踪的女孩被发现死在那幢房子里。
【参考答案】dead
3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their (nature) course.【错因分析】容易误填nature’s。有的学生认为应该用名词所有格而误填nature’s。
【试题解析】在名词course前作定语，要用形容词形式natural,表示“自然的过程”。
【参考答案】natural
1.(2021.6 新高考 1 卷 语法填空)The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you
must try after the climb. It will 3 (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
【答案】undoubtedly
【解析】考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空格所填词应该修饰动词help，故应用副词形式。
Undoubted 变副词，直接在词尾加ly。故填undoubtedly。
2.(2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空)But that's how nature is—always leaving us 5 (astonish).
【答案】 astonished
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此句中含有 "leave sb./sth. + adj." 结构， 表示 "使……处于
某种状态" 。因为宾语us与动词astonish为被动关系，此处应该过去分词形容词astonished
作宾语补足语，说明人的感受，意为 "感到吃惊的"。故填astonished。
3.(2021.6 全国甲卷 语法填空)Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the
different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about
their 10 (day) routines.
【答案】 daily
【解析】考查形容词。此处表示 "观察当地人的日常生活" ，修饰routines, 故用形容词，
故填daily。
4.(2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空)After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment
at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 5 (good) than to ride on a piece
of history!【答案】 better
【解析】考查形容词的词性转换。根据句中 "than" 可知，应该填写形容词的比较级的形式，
故填better。
5.(2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空)Provide 8 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
【答案】 financial
【解析】考查形容词。空前为动词，空后为名词，故判断此空填形容词形式修饰后面的名
词aid。因此应使用finance的形容词形式financial。句意：为当地居民提供经济帮助和其他
益处。故填financial。
6.(2021.6 浙江卷语法填空)When the house was built, it was much 4 (small) than it is
today.
【答案】smaller
【解析】考查形容词的比较级，句中有than这个提示词，much修饰比较级。句意：当房子
建好时，它比现在要小得多。
7.(2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空) But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural
people in many countries had narrowed 8 (sharp).
【答案】sharply
【解析】考查副词。句意：30年后，很多国家的BMI数值的城乡差异急剧下降。根据句子
结构可知the BMI difference… had narrowed (sharp). 修饰动词narrow要用副词，故答案为
sharply。
8.(2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空)This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the
countryside, including 10 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy
foods, and fewer sports facilities.
【答案】lower
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：乡下的人条件差一些，包括更低的收入和教育水平，
更高的健康食物花销和更少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知levels of income and education与higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 是并列关系，前后结构要一致由
higher和fewer可知low要用形容词比较级，故答案为lower。
9.(2021.6全国乙卷 改错)What's most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation
from study.
【答案】把mentally改为mental
【解析】考查形容词作定语。分析题目可知，此处应该用形容词修饰后面的名词
relaxation。故把mentally改为mental。
10.(2020·新课标I卷语法填空)Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.
【答案】extremely
【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词
challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。
11.(2020·新课标I卷语法填空)Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.
【答案】extremely
【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词
challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。
12.(2020·新课标II卷语法填空)Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will
see them often in their homes and office. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is
a must.
【答案】Certainly
【解析】考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时
间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。
13.(2020·新课标II卷语法填空)The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored
buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
【答案】beautiful【解析】考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰
名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。
14.(2020·新课标II卷短文改错)I’m surely you’ll have a good time.
【答案】将surely改为sure
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我相信你会玩得很开心的。分析句子，此处be动词am后面
需用形容词作表语。故将surely改为sure。
15.(2020·新课标II卷短文改错)Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can
practice together on every day.
【答案】将such改为so
【解析】考查副词。句意：然后我就可以抽出时间重新学习它，这样我们就可以每天一起
练习。分析句子，此处应表示“以便；所以”。故将such改为so。
16.(2020·新课标II卷短文改错)See you sooner.
【答案】将sooner改为soon
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：希望尽快见到你。See you soon 译为“希望尽快见到你”，
是固定短语。此处不需用比较级。故将sooner改为soon。
17.(2020·新课标III卷语法填空)One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he
called all great artists to come and present their 62 ． (fine) work, so that he could choose the
best.
【答案】finest
【解析】考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画
家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作
品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。
18.(2020·山东卷语法填空)In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36 ． (wealth) people travelled and
collected plants, historical objects and works of art.【答案】wealthy
【解析】考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。
此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。
19.(2019·新课标I卷·语法填空)It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as
much of the range has been ___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there
are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
【答案】poorly
【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has
been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。
20.(2019·新课标I卷·语法填空)Scientists have responded by noting (note) that hungry bears
may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that
populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually are.
【答案】higher
【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据其后than they actually are可知，此处为形容词的比较级，
故填higher。
21.(2019·新课标II卷·语法填空)Her years of hard work have ___63___(final) been
acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
【答案】finally
【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动
词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。
22.(2019·新课标II卷·短文改错)First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly.
coolly
【答案】First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so cool .【解析】考查形容词的用法。句中的“looked(看起来……样)”为系动词，系动词后需用形
容词作表语。故将coolly改为cool。
23.(2019·新课标 II卷·短文改错)Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher
because I liked my English teacher too much. …
【答案】Then, when I was in the five(fifth) grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my
too
very/so
English teacher much.
【解析】考查副词。句意：在五年级的时候，因为我非常喜欢我的英语老师，所以我想变
成一名老师。“so much”在句中一般表达肯定意思，可与that连用表示“如此……以至
于”。而“too much”表太多，一般与to搭配，表达否定意思“太……以至于不能……”。
本句话表达肯定意思，非常so much 或very much，故将too改为very/so。
24.(2019·新课标III卷·语法填空)On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that
we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get (get) there. It was in the middle of
Pearl City.
【答案】so
【解析】考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想
还要多久才能到达那里。“so…that…”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。
故填so。
25.(2018·新课标I卷·语法填空)A taste for meat is ___63___ (actual) behind the change: An
important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
【答案】 actually
【解析】考查副词。句意：对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因。句子结构完整，用
副词修饰句子。故填actually。
26. (2018·浙江卷·语法填空)The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be
62 (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 63 (high) cost onyour health.
【答案】 affordable ； higher
【解析】考查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的，系动词be后用形容词
作表语，表示“负担得起的”故填affordable；考查形容词比较级。此处修饰名词cost用形
容词，由even表示程度修饰比较级，故填higher。
