文档内容
()→定语 []→状语 {}→同位语
Ed's (beloved) pet, {a (big fat )cat (with ugly grin)},
scratched a (regular) customer [at Ed's bake shop]
[yesterday morning].
修饰名词/代词
① 定语
带修饰成分 前置定语/后置定语
简单句 只有一套主谓结构
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子
② 状语
时间状语、地点状语、原因状语、结果状语等
代替名词/代词
③ 同位语
通常在主语、宾语或表语之后和前面的词
同等地位、同样作用
总结 句子主干 主谓宾补系表+定状同（化妆品/装饰品）
句法
从句不是句子，而是用一句话（子句）代替句子的某个
复合句=简单句+从句
主干
What he said surprised me.
① 主语从句
That her son lied to her made her angry.
I know (that) he is a teacher.
② 宾语从句
We discussed whether we should close the shop.
复合句 主从复合句
③ 补语从句 You can call me whatever you like.
④ 表语从句 The trouble is that we are short of money.
This is the house which we bought last month.
⑤ 定语从句
The old man has a son, who is in the army.
⑥ 状语从句 We were about to leave when he came in.
⑦ 同位语从句 He had to face the fact that he lost his job.七大并列连词[BOYFANS]→and but yet or nor so for
相互独立，同等重要。 单句既可以是简单句，也可以是复合句
并列句=2个或以上独立的单句+(从属从句)+连词
Tom read the novel, but his friend saw the movie. 简单句+连词+简单句
Carolyn's dad was a physics professor at the
例句
Massachusetts Institute of Technology but when
句法 并列句 简单句+连词+复合句
she started at nearby Harvard University she was
tempted to major in music.
长难句 不带修饰成分的简单句+修饰成分+从句+连词+单句（简单句or复合句）
先找连词，再在每个单句里找谓语动词→找修饰成分
总结
拆解长难句 Carolyn's dad/was /a physics professor /at the Massachusetts 意群断句法
Institute of Technology// but //when she started /at nearby
Harvard University /she was tempted /to major in music.
