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理 论 精 讲 - 词 法 2
▹ 讲师：慕伊
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1.十个女医生：_______________
2.翻译: It is a most useful dictionary.
3.
泛指 特指
单数 ________ (三者以上) _________（前提是二）
复数 other+名词复数/UN the other+名词复数
=others _________（前提是二）一 、形容词形容词作定语通常前置， 但在下列情况后置：
① 修饰 some, any, every, no 和 body, thing, one 等构成的复合不定代词时
nobody absent, everything possible
② 以-able, -ible 结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only 修饰的名词之后
the best book available；the only solution possible
③ alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep 等可以后置
the only person awake
④ 和空间、时间、纪录、计量单位等连用时 a bridge 50 meters long
⑤ 成对的形容词可以后置 a huge room simple and beautiful
定语较长
⑥ 形容词短语一般后置 a man difficult to get on withDo you need_____to read on the train?
A. special anything
B. any special thing
C. anything specially
D. anything special记忆口诀：
限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，
（二）多个形容词修饰同一个名词
颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。
Ø two beautiful new green silk dress1.One day they crossed the ______ bridge behind the palace.
A. old Chinese stone
B. Chinese old stone
C. old stone Chinese
D. Chinese stone old二 、副词三 、形容词和副词的比较等级
比较级
最高级
无比较级和最高级的词比较级常见用法
1. 同级比较
(1)肯定句“as+形容词原级/副词原级+as”
She is as beautiful as her sister.
(2)否定句“not so/as +形容词原级/副词原级+as”
I am not so/as good a player as you are.
(3)the same...as （和……一样）
You’ve made the same mistake as Tom.
This is the same pen as I lost last week.
(4) A is to B what/as C is to D
Reading is to the mind what/as exercise is to the body.2.比较级比较
五多 much, a lot, a great deal, far, by far “..得多”
两少 a bit, a little “一点儿”
三更加 still, even, yet “更，更加”最高级常见用法
（1）表示“在……范围之内，最……”：最高级与介词短语 in/of 连用
This is the oldest theater in London.部分形容词无比较级和最高级
表示“最高程度”和“比较”的形容词没有最高级和比较级。
如：favorite, excellent, extreme, perfect , senior, junior，superior， inferior等。
这些形容词沒有比较级和最高级的形式。
He is superior/inferior to the other boys in his class.【巩固提升】1. Smoking increases the risk of heart disease. The average smoker is about
________ to die of a heart attack as a non-smoker.
A. twice more likely
B. twice so likely
C. twice as likely
D. twice likely【巩固提升】2. This is not ________ they had expected after years of painstaking research.
A. a result as bad as
B. as a result as bad
C. as bad as a result
D. as bad a result as【巩固提升】3. The black horse is ________ of the pair.
A. the strongest
B. the stronger
C. the strong
D. quite strong【巩固提升】4. The ________ you learn, the ________ you want to learn.
A. more; much
B. more; more
C. much; more
D. much; much【2023上高中】There must be ________ empty or high-sound talk but more hard work in this
highly competitive world.
A. fewer
B. no
C. the least
D. less（二）固定结构用法归纳
与数词连用，表示“多于”“超
I’ve known him for more than twenty years.
过”=over
通常后接名词,表示“不只是，不
He is more than a father to her.
仅仅是”
more
后接adj. adv. 表示“极其，非常”，相
He was more than upset by the accident.
than
当于副词very/much
“难以，完全不能”（后常连情态动词
That is more than I can tell (=I can’t tell that).
can）
与动词 like,love 等连用，表示“更，
I like tennis more than I like football.
更加“表示“比……更多”(more 是 Last year there were more births than
many/much的比较级) deaths.
表示“比…更” （此时 more后接多音
Travelling by train is more relaxing
节形容词或副词，构成比较级，表示对
than by driving.
more... 两者进行比较）
than...
表示“与其说B……不如说A”
more A than B
（此时不是对两个对象进比 He is more lucky than clever.
较，而是对同一个人或物两
个不同方面进行比较或取舍）PART 05
介词
Preposition一、介词的分类
了解即可二、常用介词的用法（一）表示时间
1.后接时间点，即钟点、
时刻等; (1)He will arrive at six.
at 2.表示“在...岁时”。 (2)She got married at twenty.
3.在一些时间短语中， (3) at Christmas
表时间段
(1)We met each other on Monday.
at/on/in
1.具体的日期、星期几; (2)on September 20th
on 2.某日的上午、下午、 (3)on Friday afternoon/on cold
晚上。 winter morning
(4)on Christmas day
in 表示具体的某个年份 / We came to Guangzhou in July,
月份 / 季节； 2009.【2018上初中】Out of everyone’s expectation, Johnson suddenly returned ______ a
rainy night.
A. at
B. in
C. on
D. during1. Children get gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays.
A. on; on
B. at; on
C. in; in
D. in; on（二）表示地点
1. 表示地理位置的 in, at, on, to
in+大地点 When did your father arrive in Hebei/China?
at+小地点 When did your father arrive at the airport/bus station?
与方位词east,west,south,north等连用时， on 强调接邻， in 表示“在内部”，to 表示相离
Mongolia lies on the north of China.(毗邻)
Fujian lies in the southeast of China. ( 范围之内 )
to
Japan lies to the east of China.(范围之外） in on
2.表示物体位置的 on, in
The apple is on the table./Fish swim in the sea.3. 表示“穿过”: through, across, over
u through表示从内部“穿过”，与in有关。
They are driving through the forest.
The bird is flying through the window.
u across表示在表面上“跨过”， 与on有关。
The child will go across the road after the lights turn green.
u over表示从上面“越过”。
They climbed over the hill.1. My uncle arrived_____the airport______the morning of May 3.
A. on; at
B. at; on
C in; in
D. at; in（三）表示方式、手段、工具
前无冠词
还可加身体器官，with both hands（四）表示材料（五）表示穿着【巩固提升】2. This table is made ________ four legs. Each leg is made ________ wood.
A. from; of
B. up of; of
C. up of; from
D. of; from三、其他介词的区别与用法
（一）except, except for, besides 的区别
（二）beyond 的用法（一）
except, except for, besides
1. except 与 except for
• except ：同类事物的排除，不用于句首，可接that, what, when 等引导的从句
• except for 从整体中排除一个细节（与主语非同类), 可用于句首
【例1】Every one of us, except Jim, went to watch the basketball match.
【例2】Except for one old lady, the bus was empty.
【例 3】He’s good-looking except when he smiles.2. besides 与 except
besides 表示一种累加关系，表示“除了.....外， 还有......”；
except 则表示一种排除关系， 意指“除了....之外， 不再有.....”
Besides his wife, his daughter also went to see him.
Nobody went to see him except his wife.【巩固提升】1. —All the students in the class went to the Great Wall _______ Jack. Why?
—Because he was ill in hospital.
A. for
B. besides
C. with
D. except（二） 的用法
beyond
1. 表示“（时间）过了，比……晚，迟于”。
They arrived beyond nine o’clock.
2. 表示“（位置）在……的那边，在……以外”。
The small village is 20 miles beyond the town.
3. 表示“（范围）超过，为……所不及”。
The book is beyond me.
4. 常见搭配：【巩固提升】3. —I wonder whether you can help me with the problem.
—Sorry, but it is ________ my power.
A. within
B. in
C. to
D. beyond【巩固提升】4. Sean has formed the habit of jogging ________ the tree-lined avenue for two
hours every day.
A. between
B. along
C. below
D. with
