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高考英语语法词汇专项突破：冠词考点专题全突破+巩固训练
[冠词考题展示]
【考题1】（2023新高考I卷） The meat should be fresh with touch of sweetness and the soup
hot, clear and delicious.
答案与解析：a。考查不定冠词。a touch of “一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作
单数，故填a。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。
【考题 2】（2023▪浙江 1 月卷）In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the
Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect culture of
grassroots Beijingers.
答案与解析：the。考查定冠词。根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知，此处
culture表示特指概念，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和
上流社会文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。
【考题 3】（2022 新高考全国 I 卷）Covering an area about three times size of Yellowstone
National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
答案与解析：the。考查定倍数表达法中的定冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，
将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知，此处考查倍数表达法，即为：倍数+ the size of +比较成
份，因此此处应填定冠词the。故填the。
【考题4】（2022全国乙卷）To celebrate festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese
Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
答案与解析：the。考查冠词。分析句意可知，特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the
表特指。故填the。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。
【考题 5】（2022 全国乙卷） friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his
companion during the trip.
答案与解析：填A。考查不定冠词。名词friend第一次出现，所以应用不定冠词表示泛指，且friend
是以辅音音素开头的词，应用不定冠词a。故填A。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同
伴。
【考题5】（2022新高考全国II卷） Brown family live in an apartment building
outside Toronto.答案与解析：The。考查定冠词。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句
首，首字母应该大写。故填The。
句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成
名词短语作主语。
【考题6】（2022年浙江6月卷）The tactile (可触知的) paintings work as a way to
show art to blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains.
答案与解析：The。考查定冠词。the+形容词表示一类人，the blind“盲人”。故填the。句意：触觉画
是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式，因为我们不仅仅用眼睛看；我们用大脑看。
【考题7】（2022年浙江1月卷）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers
who invited her to speak whether she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ______
time, they agreed.
答案与解析：The。考查定冠词。特指Cobb询问的时间范围内，故填the。句意：大约有四分之三的
时间，他们同意了。
【考题8】（2021浙江6月卷） Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two-story in 1856 to meet the
needs of their growing family.
答案与解析：The。考查定冠词。据设空后的Lincolns可知，此处考查“the+姓氏复数”，表示夫妇
俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大
到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。
【考题9】（2021新高考I卷）While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is must to visit!
答案与解析：填a。考查不定冠词。must作名词时，意为“绝对必要的事物”，为可数名词，此处泛
指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。句意：当你在中
国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。
【考题10】（2020·海南·高考）Each volume in the set explores wide range of material, explains
the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, and discusses the influences they have on everyday
life.
答案与解析：填a。考查不定冠词。a range of 一套；一系列。wide是以辅音音素发音开头，所以用不
定冠词a。故填a。句意：系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料，解释数字系统的主要应用的基本概念，并讨论
了他们对日常生活的影响。[命题热点]
冠词是英语中的重要虚词之一，虽然其本身没有什么意义，但是其与名词的密切关系使得其成为重要
考点。冠词用法复杂，往往是随着语境的变化而变化，因此失分率较高。命题通常从不定冠词、定冠词和
零冠词三个方面考查，重点考查：冠词的一般用法；不用冠词的情况；定冠词与不定冠词不符合一般规则
的特殊用法；固定短语中的冠词。命题方式有：定冠词与不定冠词的混用；不需要冠词的地方用了冠词；
需要冠词的地方没有冠词；有无冠词导致意思大相径庭；固定短语中的冠词错误。
[考点突破]
考点1 不定冠词的用法
典题 1 Now, if Spain were _____ American state rather than _____ European country, things wouldn’t be so
bad.
详解: an；a。此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词。因 American的发音是以元音音素开头的，所以用 an。
European以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。句意：现在，假如西班牙是美国的一个州而不是欧洲的一
个国家，事情就不会那么糟糕。
【考点归纳】不定冠词an,an用法区别：
不定冠词有"a和an"两种形式。"a"用在以辅音开头的词前，"an"用在以元音开头的词前。判断一个词是以
元音开头还是以辅音开头，是根据读音而不是根据字母。如：an 8-year-old boy; an hour, a European
country。
典题2 （泰州市XXXX届高三第二次模拟考试）Under the Dome, ______ 103-minute
documentary released by Chai Jing, has pushed the public awareness about air pollution and
encouraged people to join in efforts to make a difference.
详解:a。documentary“纪录片”是可数名词，对主语Under the Dome“穹顶之下”进行同位说明，用不定冠
词，根据103是辅音音素开头确定填a。句意：《穹顶之下》是柴静发布的一部103分钟的纪录片，这部
纪录片推动了空气污染问题的公众意识，鼓励人们努力参与以有所作为。
典题3 （XXXX浙江卷 ） The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ______ week, often long
into the night.
详解:a/every/per。根据seven days看出意思是“每周”。 a相当于per/every；per /every week“每周”。
句意是：这份论文下个月要上交，我一个星期要工作七天，常常要熬到深夜。
典题4（XXXX重庆卷 ）I can’t tell you the way to the Wilson's because we don’t have_____ Wilson here in thevillage.
详解: a。名词Wilson是一个人名，通常都是单独使用，但是本题中使用a修饰，泛指一个名叫Wilson的
人。句意：我无法告诉你去Wilson家的路，因为在这个村子里没有一个名叫Wilson的人。
【考点归纳】不定冠词的基本用法：
1. 用于可数名词的单数形式前，表示"一"、“一类人或东西”。如：A tiger can be dangerous.老虎可能有危
害性。
2. 表示"某一个"、"同一"、"每一"的意思。如：a Mr. Smith; (be) of an age; four times a week
3. 用在作表语的单数可数名词前，表示身份、职业。如：My mother is a teacher.
4. 第一次提到的人或事物，但不特别指明是哪一个。
5. 不定冠词a/an可表示单位、价格、速度、比率等，意为"每一（个）"，相当于each,every或per。如：at
a speed(rate) of; a history of; a distance of; three meals a/every day
考点2 定冠词的用法
典题1 (泰州姜堰区XXXX-XXXX学年度第二学期高三期初考试) _____ slowing of economic growth over the
past two years seems to have worsened ______ situation for migrant workers and increased employee-employer
conflicts over payment of salaries.
详解：The; the。第一个空特指过去两年的经济“放缓”，第二人空特指外来务工人员的“处境”，用定冠
词the表示特指。
典题2 （XXXX天津卷）Life is like an ocean; Only _____ strong-willed can reach the other shore.
详解:The。strong-willed是一个形容词，在形容词前面加上定冠词the表示“一类人”或者“一类事物”。
The strong-willed指意志坚定的人。句义：生活就像是一个海洋，只有意志坚定的人才可以到达彼岸。
【考点归纳】
1. 定冠词主要用来表示特指，用以特指①某（些）人或某（些）事物；②或指谈话双方都明确所指的人或
事物；③复述上文提过的人或事物（第一次提到用“a或an”，以后再次提到用“the”）
2.和某些形容词连用，使形容词名词化，代表一类人或物。如：the poor /rich /sick /wounded /beautiful
/good /blind /deaf /living /dead etc。
典题3 （辽宁省XXXX届高三年级上学期五校联考期末考试）I didn’t know why he was at home instead
of Mom, but I considered myself very lucky because I was ____62___ only one who had Dad around in
my class.
详解：the。此处的only是形容词“唯一的”，要求与点冠词连用，所以用定冠词the。典题4（漳州市XXXX届高三3月质检英语）—How nice _____ jacket is!
—Thank you. I bought it on _____ Internet.
详解: the; the。第一空特指对话的双方都知道的那件夹克衫，第二空是固定短语on the Internet“通过互联
网”,都用定冠词。
典题5（XXXX全国卷二）The adobe dwellings(土坯房）built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest
are admired by even ___42___ most modern of architects and engineers.
详解：the。根据最高级most modern和修饰最高级的副词even知道用定冠词the。
【考点归纳】用定冠词口诀 ：
沙漠、河流与群山，列岛、海峡与海湾；阶级、党派、国家名，组织团体和机关；
方位、朝代、独一词，会议、文件及报刊；木器、建筑、海洋群，定冠词来不能删。
1.序数词或形容词的最高级之前以及对两个人或物进行比较时起特定作用的比较级前用定冠词the。
2. 表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物或海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、海峡、海湾等地理名词前。如: the
earth/sun/moon/world/sky/ the Milky Way；the Pacific Ocean/ the Huanghe River /the Tainshan Mountains / the
Taiwan Straits。
3. 指由普通名词构成的专有名词。如：the United Nations/ the PRC。
4. 在姓氏复数前，表示一家人。如：the Bakers
5. 用在表示阶级、政党的名词前。如：the working class；the Chinese Communist Party
6. 用在the very/the only/ the same/ the main/the following中。如：the same as/ the main idea of/ the very (only)
book
7. 在the more, the more比较级的句式中，表示“越……越……”。
8. 表示演奏乐器时，乐器的前面要加the，中国乐器名词前不与冠词连用。如：
play the piano/ the violin/guitar,比较：play erhu(二胡)
9. 表示方向、方位。如：in the east /west /front/ bottom ; at the back/ top; on the right/left
10. 在句型“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体某一部位”中要用 the，而不用人称代词。如：take sb. by the arm /hit
sb. in the face/ be red in the face /be lame in the right leg/
11. 表示“年代”。如：in the 1990s(1990’s), in the years of
考点3 固定短语中的冠词
典题1 (XXXX年辽宁省大连市高三双基测试卷) As ___67___ result, your parents feel it hard to get used
to the new situation with increasing anxiety.详解：a。空白处为固定短语as a result，是“结果”之意。
典题2Young people nowadays only think of riding around and having_____ good time.
详解：a。短语have a good time意思是“玩得高兴”。类似有have a hard/happy/tough time。句意：现在的
年轻人一味想着开车玩乐。
If all the information is in the charge of a small group, the combination of this absolutely administration
and commercial profit may be very dangerous to the benefit of common users.
详解：the。短语in the charge of“为谁所负责”，表示被动意义。比较：in possession charge of意思“负
责”，主动意义，类似的还有in the possession of和in possession of等。句意：如果信息都被一个小的集团
所掌握，这种绝对的控制和对商业利润的追求，有可能会危害到普通用户的利益。
典题3Generally speaking strangers feel comfortable looking at one another at ____ distance.
详解：a。短语at a distance意思是“在远处，有相当距离，稍远一些”。比较：in the distance意思是“在
远处”。句意：
典题4My new neighbor, whom I introduced to you _____ other day, had ____ heart attack last night.
详解：the; a。短语the other day意思是“前几天， 不久前的一天”； have 后跟不定冠词和表示疾病的
名词,表示“患某种病”， have a heart attack意思是“患心脏病”。再如：have a (bad) cold患(重)感冒；
have a headache头疼；have a toothache牙疼；have a fever发烧。句意：日前我介绍你认识的我那位新邻
居昨晚心脏病发作。
【考点归纳】在固定短语中，使用定冠词、不定冠词，还是不用冠词，意义上会有很大的变化。常用带有
冠词的短语类型有：
1. 介词+a+名词。in a word总之；to a degree在一定程度上; in a hurry
2. 介词+the+名词。如： in the end ；in the beginning；in the daytime 白天；in the afternoon/evening/
morning；at the same time 同时；in the distance 远处；in/on the street；on the Internet; over/on the radio;
on the left/ right; by the way; on the ground; by the hour/metre/kilogramme按小时/米/公斤计算
3. 介词+ a(an)+名词+介词。如：at a speed/rate of; at a distance of
4. 介词+ the+名词+介词。如： at the age of; at the beginning of; at the end of; by the end of; at the edge of; at
the foot of; in the direction of; in the form of; with the help of; at/in/on the corner of
5. 动词+a(an)/the+名词。如：make a face; tell the truth
6. 动词+a+名词+介词。如：have a knowledge of, have a better understanding of; get a good view of; have a gift
for 对……有天赋; cover an area of占有……面积7. 动词+the+名词+介词。如：get the hang of得知……的窍门, 熟悉某物的用法，理解某事; keep the balance
of (nature); make the best use of; take the side of支持；form the habit of
8. 其他固定短语。如： the day before yesterday； the day after tomorrow；put sb. to the trouble of doing
sth.麻烦 某人 做某事； the matter with sb./sth.; make the bed 收拾床铺 ;all the time 一直，始终 ；
all the year around一年到头；
考点4 不定冠词的特殊用法
典题 1 People develop ______ preference for a particular style of learning at ______ early age and these
preferences affect learning.
详解：a; an。preference 可以是抽象名词，在这里具体化，表示“ 一种偏好”。句意：人们培养了对特定
学习风格的一种偏好在很早的年龄，这些偏好会影响学习。
典题 3First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _____ second chance to make _____ first
impression.
详解：a; the。“再一次”的机会不表示序数含义，用不定冠词，“留第一印象”短语用 make the first
impression。句意：第一印象是最持久的。总之, 你永远不可能有第二个机会去再给别人留一次第一印象。
典题3 Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.
详解：a; a。此处考查抽象名词具体化。第一空中的a drink意为：一杯饮料；第二空中的a comfort意为：
一件令人安慰的事。句意：在那些艰难的岁月里，能买得起一杯饮料是一种莫大的安慰。
典题4 (安徽省“皖南八校”XXXX届高三第三次联考) I've spent ______ most exciting day today, for ______
younger of my two sons has been admitted into the university.
详解：a; the。第一空的most exciting是最高级形式，但是从today看出只是对今天的评价，没有比较的意
思，所以此处的most相当于very，故填不定冠词a。后一空根据of my two sons看出是younger特指，填
the。句意：今天我度过了最令我兴奋的一天，因为我的两个儿子中的小儿子已经考上了大学。
【考点归纳】
1. time, knowledge, understanding, population,history, area, height, distance, speed等抽象名词常与不定冠词连
用。如have a good/hard time, have a(an) distance /area /history /population /understanding /knowledge
of。
2. 不定冠词可用于某些抽象名词和物质名词前,使其具体化,表示某一次短暂的动作。如：have a dream / arest / a smoke / a swim / a wash / a look / a trip
take a walk / a bath；make an early start / a decision / a change
3. 一些名词既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,具体为哪一种情况要依语境决定,如: a heavy rain(一场大雨);
a surprise(一件令人惊奇的事); an unforgettable experience(一次难忘的经历)
4. 不定冠词在一些特定的语言环境中与专有名词连用，表示 “像……的一个人或物， 某个叫……的人，
一个什么样的地方”等。如：a Napoleon（Lei Feng）一个拿破仑 (雷锋) 式的人物；a John Lennon某一个
叫约翰·列农的人
5. “不定冠词+形容词最高级”表示“十分,非常,极其”，没有比较含义。
6. 表示一日三餐的名词前面如果有了定语修饰,也用不定冠词a / an。
7.某些抽象名词和物质名词具体化, 表示具体的人或事，此时看作是可数名词，可以与不定冠词连用。
如：(give sb) a surprise/ a great help to sb./ a success/ an experience/
It’s a pleasure / an honour / a pity/ a joy to ……(令人……的事)
What a pity / a shame / an honour! (多么令人……的事)
[创新演练1]
1. On Wednesday May 13，XXXX，______ Chinese government announced _____ national holiday for this
year's celebration of _____ 70th anniversary of the victory in World War II.
2. It was at ________ World Table Tennis Championship, Kong Linghui and Wang Hao won the gold medal in
men's doubles with ________ score of 4: 1.
3. Mrs. Taylor has______8-year-old daughter who has ________gift for painting --- she has won two national
prizes.
4. —Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnson's, please?
—Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village.
5. —How about ______ Christmas evening party?
—I should say it was _____ success.
6. If we sit near _______ front of the bus, we’ll have _______ better view.
7.——It’s said John will be in a job paying over ＄60,000 _____ year.
—— Right, he will also get paid by _____ week.
8. It was ______ cold winter night and ______the moon was shining brightly across _____ night sky.[参考答案与解析]
1. the; a; the。第一空特指“中国政府”，有唯一性，用定冠词the。第二空的holiday是可数名词单数，
第一次出现，根据national用不定冠词a。第三空在序数词70th前用定冠词the。
2. the; a。World Table Tennis Championship属于普通名词为中心构成的专有名词，要加定冠词, 表示 “世界
乒乓球锦标赛”。score后面有具体的数字, 要加不定冠词a，即with a score of。
3. an; a 。daughter和gift都是泛指, 要用不定冠词。8（eight）以元音开头, 要用an。其中have a gift for固
定短语，意思是“有某方面的天赋”。
4. the; a。姓氏复数前加the表示一家人, 第一空用the。根据Sorry和don’t have看出填不定冠词a，姓名前
加不定冠词表示某一个 “叫……的人”。
5. the; a。通常西方节日前不用冠词，单数第一空的Christmas作定语，中心词是可数名词evening party，
指双方都知道圣诞晚会，填定冠词the。第二空后抽象名词success具体化,指一次成功的活动，用不定冠词
a。
6. the; a。front表示汽车空间内部的“前部”，表示特指,要加定冠词the。 have a good view是习惯搭配,
表示 “视野开阔, 视野良好”之意。
7. a/every/per; the。表时间单位“每年”，冠词用 a。by 后面接具体的计量方式用定冠词 the。句意
是：----- 据说John将会有一份年工资超过60000美金的工作。----没错，他也将会按周得到薪水。
8. A; the; the。第一空用不定冠词a, 表示泛指某一个冬夜的情景。第二个空moon是独一无二的，用定冠
词the。第三个空则是特指那个寒冷冬夜的夜空，用定冠词the。
[创新演练2]
I. 在横线上填上适当的冠词完成句子。
1. The worker in the factory is paid by _____ hour and the clerical staff is paid a monthly salary.
2. If you keep on eating too much like this, losing weight is out of ______ question.
3. I have two cameras. One is for personal use and _____ other is intended to be ______ a gift.
4. Professor though he was, he took _______ active part in politics.
5. Hearing that there was ______ emergency case, the doctor put down his chopsticks and left at once.
6. Most of ______ blacks were beaten up and were black and blue all over.
7. I was a housewife, 48-year-old, 1.59-meter high, with ______ 8-year-old boy.
8. When you come here for your holiday next time, don’t go to _____ hotel; I can find you _____a bed in
my flat.9. There was ______time when talking about the weather was a safe topic of conversation.
10. China hopes to have ______ peaceful and friendly world in ______ 21st century.
II. 根据汉语提示完成下列句子，每空一词，注意冠词的用法。
1. 他三岁那年母亲去世了，丢下他成了孤儿。
At ____ ______of three. his mother died, leaving him ____ _____an orphan.
2. 我们希望你天晚上能看到满月。
We hope we can see ______ ______ _______ tonight.
3. 尽管这是一个十分棘手的案子，但是这还不算是最棘手的。
Although this is _______ most troublesome case, it’s not _____ _____troublesome one.
4. 约翰，有位史密斯先生打电话找你。
John, there is ______ Mr. Wilson on _____ _____ for you.
5. 富人并不是总比穷人幸福。
_____ rich are not always happier than______ _____.
6. 看过电视之后，他拉了一个小时的小提琴。
After ______ ______ , she played _____ _____ for _____ ______ .
7. 他说他是办公室里唯一一个被邀请参加宫廷舞会的人。
He said he was _____ _____ person in his office who was invited to the ball.
8. 他的知识越渊博，特就越谦虚。
_______ ________ learned he is, ______ _____ more modest he is.
9. 世界上最早的硬币是在中国使用的。
______ ______ coins in the world were used _____ _____ .
10. 一颗子弹打中了他的鼻子，但他终于幸运地活下来了。
One bullet struck him on _____ _____ and he was lucky to survive at all.
III. 根据句意，给句子的固定短语补上适当的冠词。
1. Whether you take it or not, I wish you all _____best.
2. I shouldn't like to be at ______ mercy of such a cruel man.
3. A man cannot whistle and drink at _______ same time.
4. I was in _______hurry this morning so I had no opportunity to read my letters.
5. As________ matter of fact I'm only thirty-five, so don't say I'm old.
6. The railway station is at _______ distance of two miles away from our school.
7. Even the closest and strongest of interpersonal relationship must eventually come to _______ end.8. I see. By_______ way, how many people are working in your factory now?
9. Science plays _______ important role in the society in which we live.
10. You could never have imagined what ________ good time we had that day!
IV. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的冠词。
Spring Festival Gala on CCTV
Many people love ___1____CCTV Spring Festival Gala, because it involves all kinds of programs, which is
popular among ____2___ young and the old. All can always find performances which bring people
___3____lot of laughter and let them understand more deeply about our traditional culture. Many famous stars’
showing up adds their own programs in this year, which give the Gala more fun and excitement.
Since ___4____ year 1984, when CCTV hosted its first such evening party, it has been ___5____annual
event, which usually lasts some four hours to entertain Chinese families who will stay late into ___6____night for
the traditional Chinese Lunar New Year, and has been ___7____ popular part of ___8____ grand celebrations.
Now, the Spring Festival Gala has developed into ___9____ occasion that most Chinese find it hard to ignore
at ___10____Lunar New Year's Eve.
Key:
I. 1. the 2.the 3.the 4. an 5. an 6. the 7.an 8. the 9.a 10. a; the
II. 1. the age 2. a full moon 3. a; the most 4. a; the phone
5.The; the poor 6. watching TV; the violin; an hour 7.the only 8. The more;
the
9. The earliest; in China 10. the nose
III. 1. the 2.the 3. the 4. a 5. a 6.a 7. an 8.the 9.an 10.a
IV. 1.the 2. the 3.a 4.the 5. an 6.the 7. a 8.the 9.an 10.the
