文档内容
练习 55 阅读理解＋读后续写
授课提示：对应学生用书138页
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2023·新课标Ⅱ卷 说明文 290词 ★★★★☆
Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book,
represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of
the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came
into being. In artists' representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity
that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books，” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes
these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read
at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are
portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost
in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they
record moments we can all relate__to．
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智),
wealth or faith of the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured
objects and could be works of art in their own right. More recently, as books have become
inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—
transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the
printed page outdated. From a 21stcentury point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but
it remains as interactive as any batterypowered ereader. To serve its function, a book must be
activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes
written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the
information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a
wholly private, “offline” activity.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印刷书籍和阅读对人类的重要意
义。
1．Where is the text most probably taken from?
A．An introduction to a book.
B．An essay on the art of writing.
C．A guidebook to a museum.
D．A review of modern paintings.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段第一句“Reading Art: Art
for Book Lovers is a celebration... three hundred artworks from museums around the world”可知，《阅读艺术：书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书里展示了来自世界各地博物馆的近 300件艺术品，
本文主要是对该书内容的介绍。故可以推知，本文最有可能摘自书的序言。故选A。
2．What are the selected artworks about?
A．Wealth and intellect.
B．Home and school.
C．Books and reading.
D．Work and leisure.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。通过文章第二段“artworks are selected and arranged in a
way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of
children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the
generations. (艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们
在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点)”可知，选定的艺术品是
关于书籍和阅读的。故选C。
3．What do the underlined words “relate to” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Understand. B．Paint.
C．Seize. D．Transform.
答案与解析：A 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“artworks are selected and arranged in a
way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of
children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the
generations. (艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们
在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点)”以及“These scenes may
have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments (这些场景可能是数百年前绘
制的，但它们记录了一些时刻)”可推知，此处指书籍是人类之间相互联系和理解的纽带，
故与画线短语“relate to”意思最相近的为A项“理解、认识到”。故选A。
4．What does the author want to say by mentioning the ereader?
A．The printed book is not totally out of date.
B．Technology has changed the way we read.
C．Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D．People now rarely have the patience to read.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“it remains as interactive as any
batterypowered ereader (它仍然像任何电池供电的电子阅读器一样具有互动性)”以及
“printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, ‘offline’ activity (印刷书籍仍然提供
了完全私人的‘离线’活动的机会)”可推知，本文作者提到电子阅读器想表达的是印刷书
籍并没有完全过时。故选A。
B
2024·济南模拟 说明文 264词 ★★★☆☆
There is nothing quite like enjoying the sights, sounds and culture of a city while tasting a
cup of coffee outdoors. But it is not that enjoyable when heat waves sweep the city. An outdoor
cooling system produced by Green Kinonko , an Israeli (以色列的) company , began to be
tested in Tel Aviv. The sweltering city is a perfect place to try the new technology.
With global warming heating up the temperature, it will soon be too hot to sit outside in
cafes. While outdoor cooling systems have existed for a while，most of them use some sort of
water or a misting system to cool the air around them, consuming too much water and power.After two years of development, the perfect solution to the problem was found. “We have
invented a new generation of air conditioners，” Green Kinonko's CEO Leizer said.
As Leizer introduced, the energy is from the pressure created between liquid nitrogen
(氮) and gas nitrogen. When liquid nitrogen at －196 ℃ turns into gas, it produces a very strong
pressure and the pressure is used to run a mechanical engine. It is the mechanical engine that
slowly releases freezing nitrogen gas to cool down the air around it.
The technology is unique and amazing. Beyond the coolness of the concept，it also
has other advantages. The work unit doesn't need to be powerdriven, and doesn't blow out
harmful warm air as it works. As for the potential price, it will probably be no more expensive
than any other air conditioner. In addition, the liquid nitrogen container will need to be replaced
every seven to ten days, depending on usage. This makes it an affordable option for all sorts of
businesses. The cooling system is expected to be on the market in 2024.
【语篇解读】 以色列一家公司研发出了一套新型户外冷却系统，该系统有望在2024
年面世。
5．What does the underlined word “sweltering” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．Warm. B．Dry.
C．Hot. D．Freezing.
答案与解析：C 理解词汇。根据画线词前面的“An outdoor cooling system”可知，这
个户外系统的功能是冷却，因此，如果该城市是试用这个户外冷却系统的最佳城市，那么
可以推测这个城市肯定很热，故C项与画线词的意义最为接近。
6．What problem does the existing outdoor cooling systems have?
A．They are wasteful.
B．They overheat easily.
C．They often break down.
D．They are slow to cool the air.
答案与解析：A 推断。根据第二段中的“most of them use some sort of water or a
misting system to cool the air around them, consuming too much water and power”可知，现有的
户外冷却系统会消耗太多的水电，由此可以推断，它们比较浪费，故A项正确。
7．What does Paragraph 3 mainly explain?
A．What powers the engine.
B．What turns liquid into gas.
C．How the pressure is formed.
D．How the new system works.
答案与解析：D 推断。根据第三段中的“the energy is from the pressure... it produces a
very strong pressure and the pressure is used to run a mechanical engine... releases freezing
nitrogen gas to cool down the air around it”可知，第三段主要解释了该新型冷却系统的整个运
行原理，故D项正确。
8．What is the purpose of this text?
A．To promote a company.
B．To settle an energy crisis.
C．To introduce a technology.
D．To market a misting system.
答案与解析：C 理解目的。本文第一段中的“An outdoor cooling system... began to be
tested in Tel Aviv”点明文章主题；第二段讲述了现有的户外冷却系统的问题；第三段讲述了这种新型冷却系统的工作原理；第四段讲述了这种新型冷却系统的优势和前景。由此可知
本文的目的是介绍一种新技术，故C项正确。
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[2024·江苏南京六校联合调研]Walking on the street, the bitter cold of a December day in
Washington, D．C. was ruining my mood. The temperature was below zero so I ducked into the
subway station, hoping to get warm.
Warmth came to my body as I settled onto a bench with a cup of hot coffee. Now I was
ready to relax and do some serious peoplewatching. I noticed a homeless man seated nearby. The
pleasant smell of delicious food from the subway food court (餐饮区) was tempting me to
consider an early dinner. From the longing look in my neighbor's eyes it was obvious that he, too,
noticed the good smell. I wondered how long it had been since he had eaten anything, expecting
he would approach me for a handout (施舍). But he never did. My head and heart were battling it
out: the former telling me to mind my own business, and the latter urging me to make an
immediate trip to the food court for him.
While this inner debate was fierce, a welldressed young couple suddenly approached.
“Excuse me, sir，” began the husband. “We just finished eating and our appetite wasn't as
big as we thought. We hate to waste food. Can you help us out and put this to good use？” The
kind stranger handed a large container with food. “Thank you.” came the grateful reply. Feeling
good about what I had seen, but disappointed by my own lack of action, I observed my neighbor's
response to his sudden good fortune.
He lifted the soup, cupping his hands around the steaming bowl. It was obvious that he was
going to enjoy this miracle meal. He opened his mouth and suddenly, he stopped.
The reason for this unexpected behavior soon became clear. Entering the hall was a new
arrival, in his seventies, hatless and gloveless. His lightweight jacket was a poor protection against
cold. His face and hands were red and damaged. People around focused on him with pity and
whispered at this sad sight.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
My neighbor was the only one taking action.
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Tears blurred my vision when I went to buy food at the food court.
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One possible version：
My neighbor was the only one taking action. Quickly pulling aside his miracle meal, my
neighbor leaped up and guided the elderly man to share the seat. Numb with cold, the old man
didn't expected the invitation, moving clumsily. Hardly had he seated himself when my neighbor
tenderly put his down jacket over the older man's shoulders, slipping his arms into sleeves.Finally, he said, “Can you help me out？”， pointing to the meal and placing the steaming
cup of soup in the stranger's hands. Seeing this, my head and heart stopped battling and I had my
decision.
Tears blurred my vision when I went to buy food at the food court. What my
neighbour said exactly spoke my mind. With regret, I felt obliged to do the same. Respectfully and
cautiously, I approached them with steaming soup and a sandwich. People around cast an
approving smile
in my direction. “Can you help me out？” I asked. “Why not？” he added jokingly.
“But only if you go halfway with me on that sandwich, which is too much for a man of my age .”
It wasn't until that day that I truly learned the meaning of sharing. I left the subway station
feeling warmer than I had ever thought possible.
答题策略
语法填空——非谓语动词的运用
非谓语动词的运用
① 作主语或介词宾语，该用动词ing，而不用动词原形
作定语、状语、补语时，正确运用非谓语动词形
② 式，记熟非谓语动词的各种形式及语法功能是正确
做题的关键
在“make＋宾语＋补语”结构中不用不定式符号
③ to；在“ask sb. to do sth.”结构中不能丢掉to或to后
错用成doing
留意只接to do或只接动词ing作宾语的动词或动词
④
短语
注意ed和ing形式的非谓语动词与其逻辑主语是被
⑤
动还是主动关系，是正确解题的关键所在
⑥ 非谓语动词主动表被动的几种形式
