文档内容
高三英语
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改
动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在
本试卷上无效。
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you’re an English learner or an English speaker looking to widen your vocabulary, a good dictionary app is a
must.
Dictionary. com
If you’re looking for a reliable and user-friendly dictionary app, Dictionary. com has one for you. It provides
instant access to a vast collection of definitions, synonyms and even works offline. Additionally, it provides daily
word quizzes, articles and trending word lists to keep users engaged and expand their vocabulary.
Merriam-Webster
Merriam-Webster is a well-known and highly trusted dictionary. The app provides quality definitions, audio
pronunciations and usage examples in an on-the-go format available offline. It lets you save favorites, has a word
of the day and keeps track of your recent searches. The app also provides access to a thesaurus, word puzzles and
quizzes to enhance your vocabulary skills. The app even lets you search for words by speaking them!
FluentU
FluentU takes real-world videos-like music videos, movie trailers, news and inspiring talks-and turns them into
personalized language learning lessons. FluentU makes it really easy to watch English videos. The best part is that
FluentU keeps track of the vocabulary that you’re learning and gives you extra practice with difficult words. It even
reminds you when its time to review! Every learner has a truly personalized experience, even if they’re learning with
the same video.
Dict Box
Diet Box is a comprehensive offline dictionary and translator app for over 50 languages, all in one place. Each
word comes with a detailed definition, synonyms and example sentences. With a registered account, you get access
to their urban dictionary for slang words, a picture dictionary for visual learners, the ability to back up and update
第1页/共22页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司word lists across devices and an ad-free experience in the app.
1. Which app allows users to play a word game?
A. Dictionary.com. B. Merriam-Webster.
C. FluentU. D. Dict Box.
2. What is the most appealing characteristic of FluentU?
A. Presenting English videos.
B. Providing scheduled courses.
C. Tracing the learning process.
D. Transforming videos into lessons.
3. How is Dict Box different from the other apps?
A. It provides word tests.
B. It has no advertisement.
C. It can be used without Internet.
D. It offers members extra resources.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要为英语学习者介绍了几款英语词典app。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Merriam-Webster部分“The app also provides access to a thesaurus,word puzzles and
quizzes to enhance your vocabulary skills.(该应用程序还提供了对词库、字谜和测验的访问，以提高你的词汇
技能)”可知，Merriam-Webster允许用户玩字谜。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章FluentU部分“The best part is that FluentU keeps track of the vocabulary that you’re
learning and gives you extra practice with difficult words. It even reminds you when its time to review !(最棒的是，
FluentU可以跟踪你正在学习的词汇，并为你提供额外的困难单词练习。它甚至会提醒你什么时候该复习
了！)”可知，FluentU最吸引人的特点是跟踪学习过程。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Dict Box部分“With a registered account, you get access to their urban dictionary for
slang words, a picture dictionary for visual learners, the ability to back up and update word lists across devices and
an ad-free experience in the app.(有了注册帐户，你就可以使用他们的城市俚语词典，视觉学习者的图片词典，
跨设备备份和更新单词列表的功能，并且获得应用程序中的无广告体验)”可知，Dict Box的不同之处在于
可以为会员提供额外资源。故选D项。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司B
When most kids go to the beach, they’re too focused on making sandcastles and splashing around to notice litter,
but several years ago, for 7-year-old Cash Daniels, noticing a plastic straw sparked a lifelong passion for saving the
planet.
Cash, who is now known as the “conservation kid”, has always loved nature. He grew up fishing along the
Chattanooga River, after all! But once he learned that 80 percent of all trash from land and rivers ends up in the ocean,
he couldn’t sit back.
He started with cleanups along the river, something that quickly went from a family affair to a community effort
with volunteers and neighbors. In 2019, Cash, together with a Canadian conservationist, Ella Galaski-Rossen, started a
nonprofit called the Cleanup Kids. Despite living in different countries, they managed to create educational videos
on their YouTube channel. “We hope to be a really big nonprofit that eliminates plastic in the U. S. and Canada,”
Cash said. “We want to inform kids and adults in the landlocked states on how their actions are connected to the water
and the ocean,” Cash said.
Cash was selected as one of America’s top 10 youth volunteers of 2021 by the Prudential Spirit of Community
Awards. He also earned the title of National Honoree, where he received a$5,000 grant to go to a nonprofit of his
choice, and he became the first person to win the Youth Conservationist Award two years in a row from the Tennessee
Wildlife Federation.
“I want to travel the world, teach others, and help them feel connected to the ocean. Because if you are connected
to the ocean-if you love it and what lives in it—you’ll want to protect it,” he said. “This is my fun, and it becomes
more fun with every new discovery.”
4. Which can replace the underlined words “sit back” in paragraph 2?
A. Fall asleep. B. Lose heart.
C. Turn a blind eye. D. Lend a hand.
5. What is the purpose of starting the Cleanup Kids?
A. To recycle waste plastics.
B. To make instructive videos.
C. To spread marine knowledge.
D. To appeal for ocean protection.
6. Which of the following best describes Cash Daniels?
A. Sympathetic and devoted. B. Initiative and talented.
C. Ambitious and humorous. D. Determined and modest.
7. What does Cash Daniels story imply?
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司A. Passion fuels dreams.
B. Great minds think alike.
C. Helping others is of great fun.
D. Actions speak louder than words.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是Cash Daniels热爱大自然，他从7岁开始就对保护地球充满了
热情，他先从清理河流沿岸开始，并将此发展成一项人们可以广泛参与的活动。他被评选为2021年美国十
大青年志愿者之一。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第二段划线词之前“He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River, after all! But once
he learned that 80 percent of all trash from land and rivers ends up in the ocean, he couldn’t(毕竟，他是在
Chattanooga河边钓鱼长大的！但当他了解到80%来自陆地和河流的垃圾最终都进入了海洋后，他就不能再
这么做了)”以及第三段开头 “He started with cleanups along the river, something that quickly went from a
family affair to a community effort with volunteers and neighbors.(他从清理河流开始，这件事很快就从家庭事
务变成了志愿者和邻居的社区努力。)”可知当Cash Daniels看到了解到80%来自陆地和河流的垃圾最终都
进入了海洋以后，他开始对河流岸边的垃圾进行了清理，最终这件事成为了人们可以广泛参与的活动，由
此可以推测Cash Daniels对于最终都进入了海洋的垃圾没有置之不理，而是采取了积极的行动，所以划线
词的意思与C项Turn a blind eye(视而不见)意思相近，故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段““We want to inform kids and adults in the landlocked states on how their actions
are connected to the water and the ocean,” Cash said.(卡什说：“我们想让内陆各州的孩子和成年人了解他们
的行为与水和海洋的关系。”)”可知the Cleanup Kids的目的是让内陆各州的孩子和成年人了解他们的行
为与水和海洋的关系，即呼吁人们保护海洋。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Cash, who is now known as the “conservation kid”, has always loved nature. He
grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River, after all! But once he learned that 80 percent of all trash from land
and rivers ends up in the ocean, he couldn’t sit back.( Cash现在被称为“环保孩子”，他一直热爱大自然。毕
竟，他是在Chattanooga河边钓鱼长大的！但当他了解到80%来自陆地和河流的垃圾最终进入海洋时，他
不能坐视不管。)”可知Cash热爱大自然，关心环境，所以他是富有同情心的，根据文章最后一段““I
want to travel the world, teach others, and help them feel connected to the ocean. Because if you are connected to
the ocean-if you love it and what lives in it—you’ll want to protect it,” he said. “This is my fun, and it becomes
第4页/共22页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司more fun with every new discovery.”(“我想环游世界，教别人，帮助他们感受到与海洋的联系。因为如果你
和海洋有联系——如果你爱它和它的生物——你就会想要保护它，”他说。“这是我的乐趣，随着每一个
新发现，它变得更加有趣。”)”可知Cash想要环游世界，教育别人，帮助他们感受到与海洋的联系，所
以他是有奉献精神的，故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When most kids go to the beach, they’re too focused on making sandcastles and
splashing around to notice litter, but several years ago, for 7-year-old Cash Daniels, noticing a plastic straw sparked
a lifelong passion for saving the planet.(当大多数孩子去海滩时，他们太专注于堆沙堡和溅水，而没有注意到
垃圾，但几年前，对7岁的Cash来说，注意到一根塑料吸管激发了他毕生拯救地球的热情。)”以及文章
最后一段““I want to travel the world, teach others, and help them feel connected to the ocean. Because if you
are connected to the ocean-if you love it and what lives in it—you’ll want to protect it,” he said. “This is my fun,
and it becomes more fun with every new discovery.”(“我想环游世界，教别人，帮助他们感受到与海洋的联系。
因为如果你和海洋有联系——如果你爱它和它的生物——你就会想要保护它，”他说。“这是我的乐趣，
随着每一个新发现，它变得更加有趣。”)”以及其他段落的内容可知一根塑料吸管激发了Cash拯救地球
的热情而这种热情进而转化成了他的梦想，所以Cash 的故事暗示了激情可以点燃梦想。故选A项。
C
To reduce the carbon emissions from passenger jets and long-haul trucks, a vast volume of soy-based
renewable fuel will be needed. To produce it, American farmers could ruin existing cornfields to clear space, plant
millions of additional acres of soybeans and shut down all soybean exports. Researchers at startups and biotech
giants alike have found ways to create a new kind of soybeans through genetic recombination that generates more
oil.
One of the startups, ZeaKal Inc., funded in part by seed giant Corteva Inc., plans to introduce its first batch of
high-oil seeds for commercial planting in 2024. Scientists have tricked the plant into sustaining photosynthesis for
longer with genetic recombination, ultimately producing more oil as well as more protein.
Companies are racing to build more capacity to process soy, a critical component for expanding green fuel
supplies. Tax credits make companies in the transportation industry switch to fuel with lower carbon emission. S&P
Global sees domestic demand for renewable biofuel reaching 4 billion gallons in 2030, up from around 2.7 billion
this year. It projects that the use of sustainable aviation fuel will total 1.7 billion gallons annually by the end of the
decade, compared with just 182 million gallons a year now.
Despite the bullish predictions, the soy-based transportation fuel market is still a drop in the bucket for the fuel
industry. And even if the new breed of high-oil seeds takes off, widespread adoption will take time. Farmers may be
第5页/共22页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司reluctant to become early adopters of a technology that hasn’t yet proven its benefits, especially if the oil content
comes at the expense of existing genetic recombinations that improve disease or pest resistance.
Chicken producer Perdue Farms Inc. has signed a deal with Zeakal, agreeing to pay farmers a higher price for
harvested supplies of the new variety, which is good for chicken feed because of its higher protein levels. If large
oil companies follow suit, the soybean market might never look the same. “We could have an opportunity for the
oil component of soybeans to actually become more important in some markets than the protein aspect,” says Mike
Dillon, vice president of ZeaKal, “That’s a very dramatic shift.”
8. How did researchers plan to produce more oil?
A. By planting more soybeans.
B. By banning soybean exports.
C. By fertilizing soybean fields.
D. By engineering soybean genes.
9. What does the author want to show by mentioning the figure in paragraph 3?
A. The continuous use of the fuel.
B. The growing demand for biofuel.
C. The serious lack of green fuel supplies.
D. The fierce competition between companies.
10. Who can change the current biofuel market according to the last paragraph?
A. Companies. B. Farmers. C. Scientists. D. Governments
11. Which can be the best title of the text?
A. Biofuel: A New Way to Cut Down Carbon Emissions
B. Oilier Soybeans: Possible Reliance of the Future Fuel
C. A Big Shift: From Conventional Soybeans to Altered Ones
D. Genetic Modification: A Technology to Breed New Soybeans
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了研究人员计划通过改造大豆基因来创造一种新型大豆，以增
加石油产量及其前景预测。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Researchers at startups and biotech giants alike have found ways to create a
new kind of soybeans through genetic recombination that generates more oil(创业公司和生物技术巨头的研究人
员已经找到了通过基因重组创造出一种新型大豆的方法，这种大豆可以产生更多的石油)”可知，研究人员
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司计划通过改造大豆基因来创造一种新型大豆，以增加石油产量。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“S&P Global sees domestic demand for renewable biofuel reaching 4 billion
gallons in 2030, up from around 2.7 billion this year. It projects that the use of sustainable aviation fuel will total
1.7 billion gallons annually by the end of the decade, compared with just 182 million gallons a year now.(标普全球
预计，到2030年，国内对可再生生物燃料的需求将达到40亿加仑，高于今年的27亿加仑左右。该公司预
计，到本十年末，可持续航空燃料的使用总量将达到每年17亿加仑，而目前每年仅为1.82亿加仑)”可推
知，作者列举这些数据是为了说明对可再生生物燃料的需求会越来越大。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Chicken producer Perdue Farms Inc. has signed a deal with Zeakal, agreeing to pay
farmers a higher price for harvested supplies of the new variety, which is good for chicken feed because of its
higher protein levels. If large oil companies follow suit, the soybean market might never look the same. “We could
have an opportunity for the oil component of soybeans to actually become more important in some markets than the
protein aspect,” says Mike Dillon, vice president of ZeaKal, “That’s a very dramatic shift.”(鸡肉生产商珀杜农场
公司已与Zeakal签署了一项协议，同意向农民支付更高的价格，购买这种新品种的大豆。这种新品种蛋白
质含量较高，对鸡饲料有好处。如果大型石油公司也这样做，大豆市场可能会变得截然不同。ZeaKal副总
裁迈克•狄龙表示：“在某些市场上，大豆的油成分可能会比蛋白质成分更重要。这是一个非常戏剧性的
转变。”)”可知，如果大型石油公司也像珀杜农场公司一样，向农民大量购买这种新型大豆，会引起大豆
市场的变化，而这种大豆可用作新型燃料，故而会引起当前的生物燃料市场的变革。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Researchers at startups and biotech giants alike have found ways to create a
new kind of soybeans through genetic recombination that generates more oil.(创业公司和生物技术巨头的研究人
员已经找到了通过基因重组创造出一种新型大豆的方法，这种大豆可以产生更多的石油)”及第三句第一句
“Companies are racing to build more capacity to process soy, a critical component for expanding green fuel
supplies.(企业正在竞相建设更多的大豆加工能力，这是扩大绿色燃料供应的关键组成部分)”及第四段前两
句“Despite the bullish predictions, the soy-based transportation fuel market is still a drop in the bucket for the fuel
industry. And even if the new breed of high-oil seeds takes off, widespread adoption will take time.(尽管有乐观的
预测，大豆为基础的运输燃料市场仍然是燃料行业的沧海一粟。而且，即使新品种的高油分种子能够开花
结果，广泛采用也需要时间)”可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员通过改造大豆基因创造了一种新型大豆，该
大豆含油量较高，可能能够成为未来可再生生物燃料的来源。由此可知，Oilier Soybeans: Possible Reliance
of the Future Fuel(高油大豆：未来燃料的可能来源)适合作本文最佳标题。故选B项。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司D
Whenever I order food for delivery, I play a little game to guess how many sets of tableware(餐具)the
restaurant will provide with my meal. Sometimes restaurants will throw in two, three or four sets for just one order.
But I rarely need any tableware at all, and the waste goes into the trash or collects dust in a kitchen drawer.
Researchers working with Chinese technology group Alibaba tried a simple approach to this problem. Instead
of just wastefully doling out tableware, the company required food-delivery customers in some cities in China to
pick how many sets of tableware they wanted to receive.The default (默认设置)was set at zero. The result,
published today in the journal Science, was a 638% increase in the share of no-tableware orders. If applied across
China, researchers found, the approach would save nearly 22 billion sets of plastic tableware. The study doesn’t
cover carbon emissions, but it’s safe to say that the impact would be significant. It struck me as a useful reminder of
the many low-hanging fruits across the economy that can cut waste, and emissions.
Nudging its customers cost Alibaba nothing more than a few hours of software engineering time and the
impact it brought was immense. The concept of nudging comes from the field of behavioral economics known as
nudge theory. It suggests that a slight action can encourage good human behavior without the need for policies that
limit choice or economic punishment that raises the cost of bad behavior. To nudge customers to eat better, for
example, a restaurant might organize its menu by listing healthy options first and bury unhealthy ones at the
bottom. More recently, some big companies like Google have also begun to use nudges to advance climate
objectives.
Behavioral economics broadly, and nudges more specifically, aren’t without controversy. Some might think it
assigns consumers responsibility for addressing environmental challenges. But there is another way to look at it. In
the absence of necessary policy—and policy is needed一companies can help encourage a widespread shift of
consumer behavior.
And all of that behavioral change can add up. The International Energy Agency found in 2021 that small
behavioral changes in energy consumption such as walking instead of driving and adjusting the thermostat could in
total shave off 4% of global emissions. The more that companies can do to facilitate such changes, the better.
12. What did Alibaba do with tableware waste?
A. It stopped restaurants from handing out tableware.
B. It withdrew unused tableware from customers.
.
C It updated the food -delivery device regularly.
D. It allowed picking tableware at customers’ demand.
13. What do the underlined words “low-hanging fruits” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Easily accessible things. B. Fast increasing orders.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司C. Exceptionally tough choices. D. Widely accepted strategies.
14. What can we learn about nudge theory from paragraph 3?
A. It brings about economic loss.
B. It results from consumption policies.
C. It indicates small action changes behaviour.
D. It implies bad behaviour impacts economy.
15. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Nudge theory affects behaviors.
B. Good behaviors boost economy.
C. Nudging helps build a greener world.
D. Behavioral economics benefits customers.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要通过阿里巴巴践行环保的例子介绍了助推理论在环保方面的影响，即有助
于建立一个更环保，更绿色的世界。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“Researchers working with Chinese technology group Alibaba tried a simple
approach to this problem. Instead of just wastefully doling out tableware, the company required food-delivery
customers in some cities in China to pick how many sets of tableware they wanted to receive.”（与中国科技集团
阿里巴巴合作的研究人员尝试了一个简单的方法来解决这个问题。该公司没有浪费餐具，而是要求中国一
些城市的外卖客户选择他们想要多少套餐具。）可知，阿里巴巴允许顾客根据自己的需求选择餐具数量。
故选D项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段第二句“Instead of just wastefully doling out tableware, the company required food-
delivery customers in some cities in China to pick how many sets of tableware they wanted to receive.”（该公司
没有浪费餐具，而是要求中国一些城市的外卖客户选择他们想要多少套餐具。）及第五六句“If applied
across China, researchers found, the approach would save nearly 22 billion sets of plastic tableware. The study
doesn’t cover carbon emissions, but it’s safe to say that the impact would be significant.”（研究人员发现，如果
在全中国推广，这种方法将节省近220亿套塑料餐具。这项研究没有涵盖碳排放，但可以肯定的是，影响
将是巨大的。）可知，阿里巴巴一个小小举动就能在减少浪费，保护环境方面产生重大的影响，故推知
“low-hanging fruits”意为“易于达成的事情”，该短语字面意思是“低垂的水果、容易够着的水果”，
暗示“容易完成或实现”。故选A项。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“It suggests that a slight action can encourage good human behavior without
the need for policies that limit choice or economic punishment that raises the cost of bad behavior.”（它表明，一
个轻微的行动可以鼓励良好的人类行为，而不需要限制选择的政策或提高不良行为成本的经济惩罚。）可
知，助推理论表明一个小小的举动就可以影响人类的行为。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段前三句“Nudging its customers cost Alibaba nothing more than a few hours of
software engineering time and the impact it brought was immense. The concept of nudging comes from the field of
behavioral economics known as nudge theory. It suggests that a slight action can encourage good human behavior
without the need for policies that limit choice or economic punishment that raises the cost of bad behavior.”（阿
里巴巴只花了几个小时的软件工程时间来推动客户，而它带来的影响是巨大的。助推的概念来自行为经济
学领域的助推理论。它表明，一个轻微的行动可以鼓励良好的人类行为，而不需要限制选择的政策或提高
不良行为成本的经济惩罚。）及最后一段第二句“The International Energy Agency found in 2021 that small
behavioral changes in energy consumption such as walking instead of driving and adjusting the thermostat could in
total shave off 4% of global emissions.”（国际能源署在2021年发现，在能源消耗方面的微小行为改变，如
以步行代替开车和调整恒温器，总共可以减少全球排放量的4%。）并结合文章阿里巴巴的例子可知，本
文主要介绍了助推理论在环保方面的影响，即有助于建立一个更环保，更绿色的世界。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选
项。
The format you save your photos in comes down to a choice between convenience and excellence, the short-
term ease of JPEG versus the creation in RAW of your best photo possible. Of course, it is not either-or. ___16___.
But for those times that are special, that demand greater care and effort, a simple setting on your camera will help
you take the best possible photograph.
___17___. They determine how much data is stored when you press the shutter. RAW typically captures either
12-bit or 14-bit files, meaning they can represent billions of colour shades and tones. JPEGs (limited, to 8 bits)
reproduce, about 16 million colour variations—plenty for a god basic shot, but when shooting for something special,
it’s always better to have more colour, more light and more control.
It is in the editing that you discover RAW’s edge. After uploading to your computer, tablet or phone, the images
can be “developed” in a basic photo editing program. It doesn’t take long to learn to fine-tune the images. Even under-
and overexposed images can be enhanced to enliven shadows and highlights without any of the graininess (颗粒)
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司that comes with inadequate light.___18___Because the editing process is “lossless”, the original RAW file is
unaffected by your edits and can be stored or edited again for a different effect.
To make sure you don’t run out of space to store all that data, bring along lots of memory cards that you can
swap in to your camera as you go. ___19___
Wondering how to get started? Dig into your camera or smartphone settings to change format and explore
,
RAW. ___20___ Then it’s time to play. In a flash you’ll see just what difference you can make to your photos.
A. Take a few shots in both JPEG and RAW.
B. They are cheap and light, so there’s no need to ever run out.
C. Digital cameras have two basic shooting formats, JPEG and RAW.
D. Various camera brands have their own unique RAW image formats.
E. But learning how to edit photos requires plenty of practice and creativity.
F. There are times when a few shots are all you need to capture the moment.
G. Once edited to your standard, the image is easily shared as a JPEG or other formats.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. G 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个能够帮助拍出更好的照片的设置。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Of course, it is not either-or.(当然，这不是非此即彼的。)”和下文“But for those times that are
special, that demand greater care and effort, a simple setting on your camera will help you take the best possible
photograph.(但是对于那些特殊的时刻，需要更多的关注和努力，在你的相机上一个简单的设置将帮助你拍
出最好的照片。)”可知，空处提出的是平常情况下的拍摄需求，F项中的“There are times”和下文中的
“But for those times that are special”对应。F项：There are times when a few shots are all you need to capture
the moment.(有时候，你只需要几张照片就能捕捉到那个瞬间。)符合语境。故选F。
【17题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“They determine how much data is stored when you press the shutter. (当你按下
快门时，它们决定存储多少数据。)”可知，本段主要介绍了相机的两种拍摄格式，下文中的“they”指代
上文的“JPEG and RAW”。C项：Digital cameras have two basic shooting formats, JPEG and RAW.(数码相机
有两种基本的拍摄格式，JPEG和RAW。)符合语境。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Because the editing process is “lossless”, the original RAW file is unaffected by your edits and can be
的
stored or edited again for a different effect.(因为编辑过程是“无损 ”，原始的RAW文件不受您的编辑影响，
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司可以存储或再次编辑不同的效果。)”中的“the editing process(这种编辑程序”可知，上文提出了某种编辑
标准。G项：Once edited to your standard, the image is easily shared as a JPEG or other formats.(一旦编辑成您
的标准，图像很容易共享为JPEG或其他格式。)符合语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文“To make sure you don’t run out of space to store all that data, bring along lots of memory cards that
you can swap in to your camera as you go.(为了确保你不会耗尽存储所有数据的空间，带上很多存储卡，这样
你就可以随时换到你的相机里。)”可知，空处解释带上很多存储卡的好处。B项中的“they”指代上文的
“lots of memory cards”。B项：They are cheap and light, so there’s no need to ever run out.(它们既便宜又轻
便，所以永远不需要用完。)符合语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Wondering how to get started? Dig into your camera or smartphone settings to change format and
explore RAW.(想知道如何开始？深入研究您的相机或智能手机设置，改变格式和探索RAW。)”可知，空
处承接上文，说明完成设置之后应该如何操作。A项：Take a few shots in both JPEG and RAW.(用JPEG和
RAW格式拍几张照片。)符合语境。故选A。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以境人空白处的最佳选项。
As I walked to the market this morning, I saw a poorly dressed old man with a towel covering his face sitting in
front of a shop. I ___21___ he was a beggar looking for charity. I made a mental note that on my way back from the
market I should give him whatever ___22___ I had.
A few feet away was a young man on the pavement ___23___ in a drunken state and no one who passed by
took any ___24___ . I thought in my mind it was some good-for-nothing, drunkard who had ___25___ all his
money on alcohol. I finished all my shopping, and walked back along the same road. When I reached the beggar, I
put out my hand full of change ___26___ him asking him to take it. He shook his head as though saying that he did not
need it. I ___27___ and pushed it into his hand .
As I stood there, ___28___ of my great act of charity, the beggar slowly got up, walked up to the young man
lying on the pavement, and shook him awake, ___29___ him something close to his ear. I stood there watching
with ___30___ as he walked to the tea shop, where he asked for something for which he paid with the money I gave
and ___31___ a bread. He then went back to the young man, and helped him to ___32___ and eat the bread.
He noticed that I was still there so he said , “That young boy has not eaten for two days and has no energy
even to sit up. That is why he ___33___ on the pavement.” Suddenly I felt so ___34___and admired the
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司nonjudgemental ___35___ of a man who has so little compared to me.
21.
A. decided B. suspected C. recalled D. admitted
22.
A. food B. opportunity C. change D. job
23.
A. suddenly B. obviously C. probably D. gradually
24.
A. chance B. picture C. advantage D. notice
25.
A. wasted B. made C. earned D. raised
26.
A. towards B. over C. past D. for
27.
A. shouted B. insisted C. compromised D. commanded
28.
A. jealous B. confident C. proud D. hopeful
29.
A. showing B. leaving C. handing D. asking
30.
A. joy B. amazement C. thrill D. disappointment
31.
A. delivered B. shared C. collected D. brought
32.
A. sit B. lie C. stand D. wash
33.
A. begged B. collapsed C. died D. slept
34.
A. sad B. down C. great D. small
35.
A. patience B. tolerance C. integrity D. generosity
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D
35. D
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章描述了作者在早晨去市场时遇到一个衣衫褴褛的老人在商店前乞讨，并
决定给他一些零钱。但在与老人互动的过程中，作者发现他帮助了一个醉倒在路边的年轻人，用作者给的
零钱买了食物给他吃。这个经历让作者感到自己的渺小，并对这位老人的无私慷慨产生了敬佩之情。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我断定他是一个寻求施舍的乞丐。A. decided断定；B. suspected怀疑；C.
recalled回忆；D. admitted承认。根据前文“As I walked to the market this morning, I saw a poorly dressed old
man with a towel covering his face sitting in front of a shop.”可知，老人衣衫褴褛，所以是作者断定他是一个
乞丐。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我心里记着，在我从市场回来的路上，我应该把我所有的零钱都给他。A. food
食物；B. opportunity机会；C. change零钱；D. job工作。根据后文“When I reached the beggar, I put out my
hand full of change 6 him asking him to take it.”可知，此时作者决定把买菜后剩下的零钱给老人。
故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：几英尺远的地方，人行道上站着一个年轻人，显然喝醉了酒，但经过的人都没
有注意到他。A. suddenly突然；B. obviously显然；C. probably可能；D. gradually逐渐地。根据后文“I
thought in my mind it was some good-for-nothing, drunkard who had 5 all his money on alcohol.”可知，
作者认为那是个没用的酒鬼，所以是显然喝醉了酒。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几英尺远的地方，人行道上站着一个年轻人，显然喝醉了酒，但经过的人都没
有注意到他。A. chance机会；B. picture照片；C. advantage优势；D. notice注意。根据前文“A few feet
away was a young man on the pavement 3 in a drunken state and no one who passed by”结合选项，
可知，年轻人显然喝醉了酒，但没有人注意他符合语境。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我心里想，那是个没用的酒鬼，把所有的钱都浪费在酒上了。A. wasted浪费；
B. made制造；C. earned赢得；D. raised增加。根据前文“I thought in my mind it was some good-for-
nothing”以及后文“all his money on alcohol”可知，作者认为那是个没用的酒鬼，因为他把所有的钱都浪
费在酒上了。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：当我走到乞丐身边时，我向他伸出满是零钱的手，请他收下。A. towards向；
B. over在……上面；C. past超过；D. for为了。根据后文“He shook his head as though saying that he did not
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司need it”可知，是作者拿出所有零钱给他，但是老人没有接受，此处用towards符合语境。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坚持着，把它塞到他手里。A. shouted喊叫；B. insisted坚持；C.
compromised妥协；D. commanded命令。根据前文“He shook his head as though saying that he did not need
it”以及后文“pushed it into his hand”可知，老人拒绝了作者，但是作者还是把零钱塞到他手里，所以是
作者坚持。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里，为自己的伟大慈善行为感到自豪，乞丐慢慢地站起来，走到躺
在人行道上的年轻人面前，摇醒他，靠近他的耳朵问他些什么。A. jealous嫉妒的；B. confident自信的；C.
proud自豪的；D. hopeful充满希望的。根据后文“my great act of charity”结合选项可知，应是“为自己的
伟大慈善行为感到自豪”符合语境。故选C项。
【
29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里，为自己的伟大慈善行为感到自豪，乞丐慢慢地站起来，走到躺在
人行道上的年轻人面前，摇醒他，靠近他的耳朵问他些什么。A. showing表现；B. leaving离开；C.
handing递；D. asking询问。根据后文“something close to his ear”可知，靠近耳边，应是询问他什么符合
实际。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里，惊奇地看着他走向茶馆，在那里他要了些东西，用我给的钱付了
钱，拿了一个面包。A. joy快乐；B. amazement惊奇；C. thrill激动；D. disappointment失望。根据前文
“As I stood there, 8 of my great act of charity, the beggar slowly got up, walked up to the young man
lying on the pavement, and shook him awake, 9 him something close to his ear.”可知，作者给了老人
钱，老人确去询问那个作者意为是醉鬼的年轻人，所以作者应是感到惊奇。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里，惊奇地看着他走向茶馆，在那里他要了些东西，用我给的钱付了
钱，拿了一个面包。A. delivered交付；B. shared共享；C. collected领取；D. brought带来。根据前文
“where he asked for something for which he paid with the money I gave”可知，老人用作者给的钱买了东西，
所以是领取一个面包。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他回到年轻人身边，帮他坐起来吃面包。A. sit坐；B. lie躺；C. stand站立；
D. wash洗。根据后文“That young boy has not eaten for two days and has no energy even to sit up”可知，年
轻人饿的坐不起来，所以老人帮他坐起来。故选A项。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是他倒在人行道上的原因。A. begged乞讨；B. collapsed倒下；C. died死；
D. slept睡觉。根据前文“That young boy has not eaten for two days and has no energy even to sit up”可知，
年轻人饿的坐不起来，所以是倒在人行道上。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然间，我觉得自己很渺小，我很佩服这个人的不加评判的慷慨。A. sad悲
哀的；B. down情绪低落的；C. great伟大的；D. small小的。根据前文“I thought in my mind it was some
good-for-nothing, drunkard who had 5 all his money on alcohol.”以及后文“admired the
nonjudgemental”可知，作者自己以貌取人，妄加批判，而老人确是不加评判的帮助他人，所以让作者感
到自己很渺小。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然间，我觉得自己很渺小，我很佩服这个人的不加评判的慷慨。A. patience
耐心；B. tolerance容忍；C. integrity诚实；D. generosity慷慨。根据前文“As I stood there, 8 of
my great act of charity, the beggar slowly got up, walked up to the young man lying on the pavement, and shook
him awake, 9 him something close to his ear.”可知，老人第一时间用作者给的零钱去帮助年轻人，
所以是慷慨的。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cloisonné (景泰蓝) is the technique of creating designs on metal containers with colored-glass paste
___36___ (place) within enclosures (外壳) made of copper ___37___(wire), which have been bent or hammered
into the desired pattern.
Known as cloisons, the enclosures generally are either stuck or soldered onto the metal body. The glass paste,
or enamel, ___38___ (color) and painted into the contained areas of the design. The container is usually fired
at___39___relatively low temperature, about 800°C. Enamels commonly shrink after firing, and the process is
repeated several times ___40___ (fill) in the designs. Once this process is complete, the surface is rubbed until the
edges of the cloisons are visible. They are then covered with a thin layer of gold paint.
Cloisonné objects were intended ___41___ (primary) for the furnishing of temples and palaces, because their
splendor was considered appropriate to the function of these structures ___42___ not well suited to a more simple
and plain atmosphere, such as ___43___ of a scholars home. This opinion was expressed by Cao Zhao in 1388 in
his ___44___ ( influence) Gegu Yaolun, in which cloisonné was dismissed as being suitable only for lady’s bedrooms.
However, during the period of Emperor Xuande, Cloisonné ___45___ (come) to be greatly prized at court.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【答案】36. placed
37. wire 38. is colored
39. a 40. to fill
41. primarily
42. but 43. that
44. influential
45. came
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了景泰蓝的制作工艺以及它的用途和历史地位。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：景泰蓝是一种在金属容器上制作图案 的技术，将彩色玻璃膏放置在铜线制成的外
壳内，铜线被弯曲或锤成所需的图案。分析句子可知，空处与宾语paste构成被动关系，应用过去分词，
作宾语补足语。故填placed。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：景泰蓝是一种在金属容器上制作图案的技术，将彩色玻璃膏放置在铜线制成的外壳内，
铜线被弯曲或锤成所需的图案。此处wire“电线”是一种物质概念，为不可数名词。故填wire。
【38题详解】
考查时态语态及主谓一致。句意：玻璃膏或搪瓷被着色并涂到设计的包含区域中。空处描述客观事实，应
用一般现在时。or连接两个并列主语时，谓语要采用就近原则，谓语应和单数名词enamel保持一致，动词
color“着色”与句子主语构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用一般现在时被动语态，be动词用is。故填is
colored。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：容器通常在相对较低的温度下烧制，约为800°C。分析句子可知，空处泛指“一个”，
应填不定冠词，relatively以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：搪瓷通常在烧制后会收缩，这个过程会重复几次以填充图案。分析句子可知，空
处在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to fill。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：景泰蓝的物品主要用于寺庙和宫殿的装饰，因为它们的华丽被认为适合这些建筑的功能，
但不太适合更简单和朴素的氛围，比如学者之家。分析句子可知，空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词
primarily“主要地”，在句中作状语。故用primarily。
【42题详解】
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司考查连词。句意：景泰蓝的物品主要用于寺庙和宫殿的装饰，因为它们的华丽被认为适合这些建筑的功能，
但不太适合更简单和朴素的氛围，比如学者之家。分析句子可知，空处应填并列连词but连接appropriate
和not well suited，表示转折关系。故填but。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：景泰蓝的物品主要用于寺庙和宫殿的装饰，因为它们的华丽被认为适合这些建筑的功能，
但不太适合更简单和朴素的氛围，比如学者之家。分析句子可知，空处应填代词that，特指前面出现的可
数名词单数形式the atmosphere。故填that。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这一观点是曹昭于1388年在其颇具影响力的《格古要论》中表达的，其中景泰蓝被认
为只适合女士卧室。分析句子可知，空处修饰Gegu Yaolun，在句中作定语，应用形容词influential“有影
响力的”。故填influential。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：然而，在宣德皇帝时期，景泰蓝在宫廷中受到了极大的重视。根据时间状语during
the period of Emperor Xuande可知，句子应用一般过去时。故填came。
第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，应学校英文报邀请，就文化古迹遭破坏的现象，写一封倡议书，呼吁大家保护文化古
迹。内容包括：
1.某古迹的现状；
2.解决措施。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear fellow students,
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司The Great Wall stands as a reminder of China’s ancient civilization. However, it is suffering from human
damage, such as graffiti and lettering, which also happens to other cultural relics.
To address these issues, I think the most important thing is to raise people’s awareness. When visiting cultural
relics, do not touch the exhibits unless allowed. Besides, digital tourism can be used as an alternative. Travelling on
the net is just like being personally on the scene; meanwhile, we can have a deeper understanding of the cultural
relics.
Only with our joint efforts can all the cultural relics be well preserved. So let’s join hands to do some bits right
now!
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是李华，应学校英文报邀请，就文化古迹遭破坏的现象，写一
封倡议书，呼吁大家保护文化古迹。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
象征：reminder→token
解决：address→solve
提高：raise→increase
另外：besides→in addition
2. 句式拓展
合并复合句
原句：Besides, digital tourism can be used as an alternative. Travelling on the net is just like being personally on
the scene; meanwhile, we can have a deeper understanding of the cultural relics.
拓展句：Besides, digital tourism can serve as an alternative way to visit cultural relics, as it provides an immersive
experience that allows us to feel like we are personally present at the scene while also providing a deeper
understanding of the cultural relics.
【点睛】[高分句型1]However, it is suffering from human damage, such as graffiti and lettering, which also
happens to other cultural relics.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]Only with our joint efforts can all the cultural relics be well preserved.(运用了only开头的倒装句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“You should throw me in the bin, Mummy.”
Those are the words my son say to me, words a mother should never hear their child say. When I asked him
why, he told me that like his digger, he was broken and could not be fixed. My heart cracked a little more at that and I
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司knew that, I had to try and find a way to bring back the joy into our world.
At age two, he was diagnosed with type two diabetes and he was “just losing his puppy fat”. My son grew sicker
and sicker until eventually, he was admitted into hospital.
Motherhood changed in that moment. I went from “Mummy” to nurse, always keeping a watch for signs he
might be in danger from his own body. It can be hard to find the balance between the demands of being a full-time
carer for a child with illness and being a mother. In those early days, it broke me to hear him beg and cry for me not
to hurt him with needles again. The risks that come along are as big as they can be: blindness, organ failure, coma,
death. His life is, and always will be, dependent on the monitoring and assessment of all these factors.
Yet, I had to find a way to raise him to know that he could live it fully and with all his dreams within reach. I
had to learn how to live with these two roles, just as he had to learn to live with the demands his body would place
on him. What I had not expected was to find the way through in the mud and rubble (瓦砰) of a new-build social
housing estate.
My husband, son and I moved to the new estate in Cumbria when my son was four. The back garden was nothing
more than a patch of newly sown grass, and a thin layer of topsoil. Underneath that was rubble and rock. The site was
a former industrial stoneworks, and but to us, it was a place of hope.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Soon after we moved in, my son and I decided to plant a garden.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______
This small garden let us both live again.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______
【答案】Soon after we moved in, my son and I decided to plant a garden. He worked out plans with his drawings.
Soon after we started digging, slowly seeing the bones of his dream become reality. We used what we could find. W
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司e taught ourselves how to build ponds, and how to grow food. For plants, we rescued the weeds that would otherwis
e be dug up. My son tenderly transplanted these into our new beds with a welcome, as if each were the most delicat
e of flowers. Plant by plant, our garden grew, creating a place of magic and medicine, for all that lived there - plants
, animals and humans.
This small garden let us both live again. He brought delight into my world, and I scattered into his the magic of
small seeds. As our little garden took shape, we both discovered an important thing: that even though things might
not be perfect, even though there might be things that are hard and hurt, even though the ground may be broken, this
soil still holds the potential to nurture and grow our dreams. We imagined ourselves a secret garden that began with
the simplest of things: a weed. From it, we grew joy.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章主要讲述了作者的儿子两岁时，被诊断出患有二型糖尿病，病情严
重后，他被送到医院，作者担当了照顾他的任务。看见儿子痛苦，作者也很难过。他们搬到一个新家，家
后院有个花园。作者和儿子通过种植花园，感受到生活的乐趣。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们搬进来后不久，我和儿子决定种一个花园。”可知，第一段可描写作者和儿子
种花园的过程。。
②由第二段首句内容“这个小花园让我们俩都活了过来。”可知，第二段可描写作者从花园中得到的东西
和启示。。
2.续写线索：决定种一个花园——和儿子种花园的过程——小花园让作者和儿子俩都活了过来——花园给
作者带来的快乐——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①制定：work out/ formulate
②拯救：rescue /save
③拥有：hold /possesses/own
情绪类
①快乐：delight/ joy/pleasure
②艰难的：hard /tough
【点睛】[高分句型1]My son tenderly transplanted these into our new beds with a welcome, as if each were the
most delicate of flowers.（运用了连词as if引导的方式状语从句）
[高分句型2]We imagined ourselves a secret garden that began with the simplest of things: a weed.（运用了关系
代词that引导的定语从句）
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