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2025 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国一卷)
英语学科
本试卷满分 150分, 考试用时 120分钟。第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共 15小题; 每小题 2.5分, 满分 37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Thegreening ofplanes, trains and automobiles
Moving goods andpeople around the world is responsiblefor alarge part of
global CO emissions(排放).Asthe world races to decarbonizeeverything, itfaces
2
particular problems with transportation —which accounts for about a quarter ofour
energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.Here’s thebreakdown oftheemissions in
2018fordifferent modes oftransport.
The fuels for transport need to benot justgreen, cheapand powerful, but also
lightweight and safe enough tobecarried around. Each mode oftransport has its
specific fuel needs. Much is stillto besettled, but here are someofthesolutions to get
us going green.
PLANES—Synthetic CARS —BatteriesBatteries are
hydrocarbonsThe hardest sectorto energy-efficient and electriccars can
decarbonizeis aviation. One long-term plug intoexisting systems andservices.
option for sustainablefuel for planes is to New solid-statebatteries will takea car
makehydrocarbons from recycled air. fartherona single charge.
试卷第1页，共12页TRAINS— TRUCKS — SHIPS —Liquid
ElectricitySometrains Hydrogenfuel cells ammoniaLiquid
are already electrified Hydrogen fuel cells are a ammoniais easy to keep
through rails orwires; lighter choice than and transport, but itis
others can bemade batteries for trucks, but hard to ignite(点燃) and
electricin pretty simple making green hydrogen is requires an engine
ways. expensive. redesign.
This energy transition (变革)is global, and theamount ofrenewable energy the
world will need is “a littlebit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer KeithWipke
at theNational RenewableEnergy Laboratory.It’s estimated that theglobal demand
forelectricity couldmore than doubleby2050.Fortunately,analyses suggest that
renewables are upto thetask.“Weneed tospeed upthedevelopment ofgreen energy,
and it willall get used,”saysWipke.
1．Whatpercentage ofglobal transport emissionsdid road vehicles account forin
2018?
A．11.6%. B．45.1%. C．74.5%. D．86.1%.
2．Whichmodeof transport can go greencomparatively easily?
A．Planes. B．Trucks. C．Trains. D．Ships.
3．WhatdoesWipkesuggest regarding energy transition?
A．Limiting fuel consumption. B．Putting moreeffort intorenewables.
C．Improving energy efficiency. D．Making electricity moreaffordable.
B
In my ninth-grade writing class last year,I met acowboy who saved histown, a
strict father who demanded his son earn straightA’s, and a modern-day Juliet who
died ofheartbreak after her parents rejected thelove ofher young life. More than once,
试卷第2页，共12页Ifound myself wondering just howmy students,who’dcreated these people, knew
theirsubjects so well.
But things were different fortheir first essay,which was about thequestion:
“Whyiswriting important?” Mostof theessays filled less than onepage, and few
contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis(论点) statement. Iwas
shocked.Then I realized that theproblem was thequestion itself.They could have
written pages onthenecessity ofcomputers, but writing, in andofitself, simply didn’t
strikethem as important.This would have to change.
As a newunit started, I askedeveryone towrite apersuasive pieceona
health-related topicoftheir choice.This timethey found theexercise muchmore
interesting. For thenexttwo assignments, apersonal-narrative unitfollowed bya
creative-writingworkshop, Ionly required that thepiece meet thespecifications of its
genre (体裁)and that itcontain a thesis.Theresults were staggering.Thestudents
tookondiverse topics and turned instories, 10to 20pages each, with characters that
broadened my viewand touched my heart.
Iwalked into class believing that writing is important as ameans of
communication. However,my students demonstrated somethingmore important to
me.When thefinal bell rang in June,Iwalked away with ayearbook full ofmessages
about writing’smost powerful significance —theability to connect people, to put us
inanother’s skin, toteach us what itmeans to be human.
4．Whoare thepeople mentioned at thebeginning of paragraph 1?
A．Ninth graders. B．Students’parents.
C．Modern writers. D．Fictional characters.
5．Whydid thestudents perform poorly inwriting theirfirst essay?
A．They were not given enough time. B．They hadavery limited vocabulary.
C．They misunderstood thequestion. D．They hadlittle interest in thetopic.
6．Whatdoes theunderlined word “staggering”inparagraph 3mean?
A．Mixed. B．Amazing. C．Similar. D．Disturbing.
7．Whatdoes theauthor’sexperience show?
试卷第3页，共12页A．Teaching is learning. B．Still waters run deep.
C．Knowledgeis power. D．Practice makes perfect.
C
Whilesafety improvements might havebeen made to ourstreets in recent years,
transport studies also showdeclines in pedestrian (行人)mobility,especiallyamong
young children. Many parents saythere’s too much traffic ontheroads for their
children to walk safely to school, so theypack them intothe car instead.
Dutch authorsThaliaVerkadeand Marco teBrömmelstroet are bothered by
facts likethese. In theirnew bookMovement: How to TakeBack Our Streets and
TransformOur Lives,they call for arethink ofourstreets andtherole theyplay in our
lives.
Life oncity streets started to changedecades ago.Wholeneighbourhoods were
destroyed tomake way fornewroad networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some
communitiesfought back. Most famously,a Canadian journalistwho had moved her
family to Manhattan in theearly 1950s led a campaign tostop thedestruction of her
local park. Describing her alarm at itsproposed replacement withan expressway,Jane
Jacobs called onher mayor(市长)tochampion “NewYork as a decent place tolive,
and not justrush through.”Similar campaigns occurred inAustralia inthe late1960s
and 1970s as well.
Although thesecampaigns were widespread, thereality is that themajority of
thewestern cities were completely redesigned aroundtheneeds of themotorcar.The
numberof cars onroads has beenincreasing rapidly.InAustraliawe nowhave over
twenty million cars forjust over twenty-six million people, among thehighest rateof
car ownership in theworld.
Weinvest alotin roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the
truecosts. Do we really recognise what it costs us as asociety when children can’t
movesafely aroundour communities?Theauthors ofMovement have it right: it’s
timeto think differently about that street outsideyour front door.
试卷第4页，共12页8．Whatphenomenon does theauthor point outin paragraph 1?
A．Cars often get stuck ontheroad. B．Trafficaccidents occur frequently.
C．Peoplewalk less and drive more. D．Pedestrians fail to followtherules.
9．Whatwere theCanadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do?
A．Keep theircities livable. B．Promotecultural diversity.
C．Help theneedy families. D．Makeexpressways accessible.
10．Whatcan be inferred about thecampaigns inAustralia in thelate1960s and
1970s?
A．They boosted thesales ofcars. B．They turned out largely ineffective.
C．They won government support. D．They advocated building new parks.
11．Whatcan be asuitabletitleforthetext?
A．Whythe Rush? B．What’s Next?
C．Whereto Stay? D．Whoto Blame?
D
Microplastics have become a common sourceof pollution across theEarth —
they have settled in thedeep sea and onthe Himalayas, stuck insidevolcanic rocks,
filled thestomachs ofseabirds and even fallen in freshAntarcticsnow.They are even
appearing insidehumans.
Now,newresearch suggests that asimple, cheap measure may significantly
reducethelevel ofmicroplastics in water from your tap (水龙头): boiling and
filtering (过滤)it. In a studypublishedWednesday in EnvironmentalScience &
TechnologyLetters,researchers from Chinafound that boiling tap water forjust five
minutes—then filtering itafter itcools —couldremove at least 80percent ofits
microplastics.
Crucially,thisprocess relies onthewater containing enough calcium carbonate
(碳酸钙)to trap theplastics. In thestudy,boiling hardwater containing 300
milligrams ofcalcium carbonate led to an almost90percent drop inplastics. But in
samples with less than 60milligrams ofcalcium carbonate, boilingreduced thelevel
ofplastics byjust25percent.Additionally,theresearch didn’tinclude all types of
试卷第5页，共12页plastics.Theteam focused only onthreecommon types —polystyrene, polyethylene
and polypropylene —and theydidn’t study otherchemicals previously foundin water
suchas vinyl chloride.
Still, thefindings showapotential path forward forreducing microplastic
exposure—atask that’s becoming increasingly difficult.Even bottled water,
scientistsfound earlier this year,contains 10to 1,000timesmore microplastics than
originally thought.
Scientists are stilltrying to determine howharmful microplastics are —but
what they doknow has raised concerns.The newstudysuggests boilingtap water
could bea toolto limitintake. “Theway they demonstrated howmicroplastics were
trapped through theboilingprocess was nice,”Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay,an
environmental engineer oftheUniversity ofGlasgow in Scotland who was not
involved inthe research, tells NewScientist.“Weshouldbelooking intoupgrading
drinking water treatment plants so theyremove microplastics.”
12．Howdoes the authorpresent theissuein thefirst paragraph?
A．By quotingan expert. B．By defining aconcept.
C．Bygiving examples. D．By providing statistics.
13．Whatdetermines theeffectiveness of trapping microplastics in water?
A．Thehardness of water. B．The length ofcooling time.
C．Thefrequency offiltering. D．Thetype of plasticinwater.
14．What does the authortry to illustrate bymentioningbottled water in paragraph 4?
A．Theimportance ofplastic recycling. B．The severity ofthe microplastic
problem.
C．Thedanger in overusing pure water. D．Thedifficulty intreating polluted water.
15．Whatis Gauchotte-Lindsay’s suggestion about?
A．Choiceof newresearch methods. B．Possibledirection for further study.
C．Need to involvemore researchers. D．Potentialapplication of thefindings.
试卷第6页，共12页第二节(共 5小题; 每小题 2.5分, 满分 12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两
项为多余选项。
An Unsung Hero
Need abreak between classes or justa quick pick-me-up in themorning?The
College Cafe has justthat, and more. 16
Catherine Murphy,a cafeworker in agreen shirt andblack hat, makes sure that
eachcustomer gets exactly what they order.Shegoes backand forth between
machines to make thedrinks. 17 As thecustomergrabs thedrink from her
hand, shesmiles and says, “Hello, howis your day?” Even when thelineisgetting
longer,she doesn’t let itget inthe way of hergenuine conversations.
Murphy gets upat aquarter to five and drives thirty minuteseveryday to get to
work ontime. 18 “I doso because I liketo make coffee forthestudents. I
knowthey need itin themorning,” Murphy said. Being amother andwife has helped
herbecome thewoman sheis. Shebelieves she ishere toserve.
One thingMurphy may notknow isthat her smileiscontagious (有感染力)and
can bethedifferencein a student having amuchbetter day than they were having
before seeing her.JoannaWright, asenior political science major,loves coffee and
goes to thecafe at least six days aweek. 19 “Catherinealways has ahuge
smileonher face, which always puts me ina cheerful mood,”Wright said.
“I enjoyworking in thecafe,” Murphy said. 20 Shehas every
intentionof staying and continuing doingwhat sheloves.
A．Thecafe closes at 9pm every day.
B．Shehas two children aged eight and four.
C．Sometimes shearrives early to serve thestudents early.
D．After finishing anorder,shecalls outthename onthecup.
E．Not only does thiscafe serve updrinks, it alsoserves upsmiles.
F．Going tothecafe starts herday offgood and gets her ready for class.
G．Shehas served here for 17years and can’t imagine working anywhereelse.
试卷第7页，共12页第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分 30分)
第一节(共 15小题; 每小题 1分, 满分 15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
OneAugust afternoon, I sat inmy kitchen staring at aglass vase that hadn’tseen
daylight since my wedding.
My husband and Ihad just sold ourhouseand wewere busy the
beloved homeour family had spent 23years filling up.Wehad decided onkey items
forthe wewere movingto intown, donated what wecould, and rented a
place to oursupposedly important objects.That left ahouse still with
things that, whilenot particularly ,didn’t belong in alandfill (垃圾填埋场).
Itook a pictureof thevase and posted itonline, for $10.Acouple ofmessages
came in,one wanting additional ,another asking for a pricecut.As our
day drew near,Isettled onanewprice ($0) andreposted it.The : “Ihate this
vase. Maybe you won’t.”In an instant,a woman raced into my houseand left happily
withthe vase.
,Iposted more. My dailyposts and the Ireceived became a
precious ray of light in thechaos of my house. Each exchange provided achance to
thelandfill and toplease anotherperson Imight not otherwisehave .
Isit in my apartment today,lovingeach ofthe that share oursmall
space. Itake in knowing that, somewhere nearby,someoneis
somethingthat couldn’t come withus.
21．A．painting over B．looking around C．emptying out
D．pullingdown
22．A．hotel B．office C．cottage D．apartment
23．A．store B．display C．sell D．repair
24．A．covered B．decorated C．stuffed D．equipped
25．A．conventional B．valuable C．complicated
D．tolerable
试卷第8页，共12页26．A．fees B．photos C．receipts D．models
27．A．move B．pay C．market D．work
28．A．warning B．request C．description D．reply
29．A．Confused B．Interested C．Disappointed D．Encouraged
30．A．visits B．reports C．advice D．money
31．A．remove B．spare C．find D．check
32．A．investigatedB．recognized C．encountered D．recommended
33．A．giveaways B．posts C．contributions D．belongings
34．A．joy B．part C．care D．time
35．A．anticipatingB．appreciating C．delivering D．withdrawing
第二节(共 10小题; 每小题 1.5分, 满分 15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An exhibition at theJiushiArt Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork
inspired byGo, orweiqi inChinese, 36 originated in Chinamore than 4,000
years ago.
Go is oneof 37 earliest binary-based (基于二元的)games.The
movements oftheblack and white pieces reflect thebasicideas of Eastern philosophy,
according toTuNingning, who is in charge oftheexhibition.
“The exhibitionbrings together Goculture, cutting-edge technology and
contemporary art,” saysTu.“Wehope 38 (present)therather abstract Go
gameandAI ina visual context,and initiatedialogues with minimalist art, conceptual
art and expressionism.”
“In aGo game, each moveshould serve along-term goal.Youtry to lead the
opponent intoyour trap and force them to followyour ‘ 39 (guide)’tillthey
lose,”explainsWangWei,a Go player amongthevisitors tothe exhibition.
“The players’personalities 40 (reveal) during the game, and one’s
weaknesses are exposed to theopponent,”she adds. “Adecent winner always 41
试卷第9页，共12页(try) to beat theopponent 42 nomorethan one ortwo pointsas agesture (姿
态)ofrespect fortheother side. ”
Tusays that thebalance between the black and whitepieces, thebeauty in the
43 (strategy) placement of thepieces, 44 theenergy flowfollowing
eachmoveinspired artists to createoil paintings, sculptures, 45 (digital)
generated pictures and silk-screen prints for theexhibition.
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分 15分)
46．假定你是李华，你班的英语报要增设一个栏目。外教 Jenny 提出“Fun at my
school”和“Guess who I am”两个选项供大家选择。请给Jenny 写一封邮件，内容
包括：
(1)你的选择；
(2)说明理由。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为80个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jenny,
Ireally liketheidea ofaddinganew column to ourEnglish newspaper.
_____________________________________________________________________
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Yours,
Li Hua
试卷第10页，共12页第二节(满分 25分)
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整
的短文。
My wife and Iwanted to share ournew homewith family and friends byhosting
asmall gathering in theearly summer.Shehad prepared lots ofsnacks, whilemyjob
was tohave thebackyard inorder.
There was plenty ofspace for thekidsto run andplay.There was just one thing
Ihadn’t counted on: My brother chose tobring his dogToby,a50-pound ball of fire.
Though friendly,hecould easily knock over myniece’s small boys andmy
six-month-oldgranddaughter.So, when mybrother showed up,Iasked himto watch
Tobyandkeep himoutside.
My plan was working out justfine.Tobywas usinguphis energy byrunning
back andforth in thebackyard andgiving thekidsplenty of room. Unexpectedly,after
supper,the weather changed. It started to rain and everyone went indoors.
It was an awkward moment. I didn’t wantTobytoberunning aroundin the
house,and my brother wasn’t happywith driving homewith awet dog. Eventually,
mybrother decided to leave rather than force theissue.
Afew days passed, and Ihadn’t heard anything from my brother.I texted him
and expressed wishes forhim to comeout again. Hisreply came as a surprise—a
shock,actually: “Not achance.”Clearly,hewas unhappy over theway wehad parted.
After all, Ihadleft himlittlechoice. Well, he’llget over it, Ireasoned.
Two monthspassed. My wifesuggested Iget in touch with mybrother,but I
resisted, thinking heshould call first. However,my conscience (良心)kept bothering
me. Itried to put myselfin my brother’s shoes.He was facing health issuesand his
wifeof thirty-fiveyears had passed away a fewmonths earlier.Toby was his constant
companion, theone whokept him going.
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Irealized itwas mewhowas at fault.
试卷第11页，共12页_____________________________________________________________________
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With thebiscuits my wifehad made, I arrived at my brother’s door.
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试卷第12页，共12页1．C 2．C 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2018年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比，
以及飞机、汽车等各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径。
1．细节理解题。根据图表信息ROADVEHICLES部分中“ROAD(PASSENGER)45.1%(道
路(客运)45.1%)”以及“ROAD(GOODS)29.4%(道路(货运)29.4%)”可知，道路车辆总占比为
45.1%+29.4%=74.5%，即道路车辆在2018年全球交通排放中占比74.5%。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据图表信息TRAINS—Electricity部分中“Sometrainsarealreadyelectrified
throughrailsorwires;otherscanbemadeelectricinprettysimpleways.(一些列车已经通过轨
道或电线实现了电气化；其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电动化)”可知，火车相较其
他交通方式更易实现绿色化。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中““Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergyandit
willallgetused,”saysWipke.(Wipke说：“我们需要加速绿色能源的开发，而且这些能源都会
被利用起来。”)”可知，Wipke建议加大对可再生能源的投入，即加大对绿色能源的投入。
故选B项。
4．D 5．D 6．B 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名写作课老师，通过教学实践逐渐
认识到学生写作动力的来源以及写作真正意义的成长故事。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboy
whosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA’s,andamodern-day
Julietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,
Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who’dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjects
sowell.(去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿
子门门功课全得A的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——她在父母拒绝其年少挚爱后
心碎而逝。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们
笔下的角色的)”可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作中创
造出来的虚构人物。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfew
containedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(论点)statement.Iwasshocked.ThenI
realizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessity
ofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn’tstrikethemasimportant.(大多数文章篇
答案第1页，共11页幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目
本身。他们本可以就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们觉得重要)”可推
知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。故选D。
6．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段中划线词下文“Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturned
instories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.(学
生们选取了多样的主题，交上来的故事每篇都有10到20页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野，
也触动了我的心)”可推知，此处指学生们写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，与之前的表现
形成强烈对比。划线词“staggering”意为“令人惊叹的、惊人的”，与B选项“Amazing(惊人的)”
语义一致。故选B。
7．推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章最后一段中“Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingis
importantasameansofcommunication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmore
importanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessages
aboutwriting’smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother’s
skin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.(我走进教室时坚信写作作为一种交流方式至关重
要。然而，学生们向我展示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，我带着一本满是留
言的年鉴离开——这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，
教会我们身为人类的真谛)”结合全文内容可知，文章通过作者的教学经历，说明她在教导学
生的同时，自己也领悟到写作的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长”的理念。选项
A“Teachingislearning(教学相长)”符合文中描述的作者通过教学获得的新认识。故选A。
8．C 9．A 10．B 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了西方城市过度围绕汽车设计导致行人流动性下
降，尤其是儿童步行减少的现象，并通过历史案例和现状分析呼吁反思街道功能，重视城市
宜居性。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoour
streetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,
especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere’stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfortheir
childrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.(虽然近年来我们的街道
可能已经改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流动性下降，尤其是年轻儿童。许多家长
说，路上的交通太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，所以他们把孩子塞进车里)”可知，
作者指出的现象是人们步行减少、开车增多。故选C。
答案第2页，共11页9．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedher
familytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.
Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonher
mayor(市长)tochampion“NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”(最著
名的是，一位加拿大记者在20世纪50年代初举家迁往曼哈顿，她领导了一场阻止当地公园
被毁的运动。在描述她对用高速公路取代公园的提议感到震惊时，JaneJacobs呼吁她的市长
捍卫“纽约作为适宜居住的地方，而不仅是匆匆穿过的通道”)”可推知，加拿大记者和其他运
动参与者旨在保持城市宜居性。故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,thereality
isthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotor
car.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.(尽管这些运动很普遍，但现实是大
多数西方城市完全围绕汽车需求重新设计。道路上的汽车数量一直在迅速增加)”可推知，20
世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的竞选活动未能阻止汽车发展，基本上没有效果。故选B。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章最后一段“Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrush
through,butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasa
societywhenchildrencan’tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?(我们在帮助我们快速通过的
道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考虑到真正的成本。我们真的认识到当孩子们不能在我
们的社区安全地移动时，我们作为一个社会将会付出什么代价吗)”可推知，本文批判城市过
度追求交通效率、忽视行人需求的现象，A项“WhytheRush?(为何匆匆？)”质问“rushthrough
(匆匆通行)”的规划理念，契合主旨，最适合作为本文标题。故选A。
12．C 13．A 14．B 15．D
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于减少自来水中微塑料污染的新研究。微塑
料污染已遍及全球，甚至进入人体。中国研究人员发现，将自来水煮沸五分钟并冷却后过滤
可能会显著降低自来水中的微塑料含量。研究虽未涵盖所有塑料类型和化学物质，但揭示了
一种潜在解决方案。苏格兰环境工程师指出，该研究展示了煮沸法的有效性，并建议升级饮
用水处理厂以推广应用。
12．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Microplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollution
acrosstheEarth—theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanic
rocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow.Theyareeven
appearinginsidehumans.(微塑料已经成为地球上常见的污染源——它们出现在在深海和喜
答案第3页，共11页马拉雅山上，被困在火山岩中，填满海鸟的胃，甚至落在南极的新雪中。它们甚至出现了在
人类体内)”可推知，作者通过举例提出微塑料污染的问题。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Crucially,thisprocessreliesonthewatercontaining
enoughcalciumcarbonate(碳酸钙)totraptheplastics.Inthestudy,boilinghardwatercontaining
300milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropinplastics.Butinsamples
withlessthan60milligramsofcalciumcarbonate,boilingreducedthelevelofplasticsbyjust25
percent.(至关重要的是，这一过程依赖于含有足够碳酸钙的水来截留塑料。在这项研究中，
将含有300毫克碳酸钙的硬水煮沸后，塑料含量下降了近90%。但在碳酸钙含量低于60毫
克的样品中，煮沸只降低了25%的塑料含量)”可知，决定在水中截留微塑料的有效性的是水
的硬度。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardfor
reducingmicroplasticexposure—ataskthat’sbecomingincreasinglydiffcult.Evenbottledwater,
scientistsfoundearlierthisyear,contains10to1,000timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginally
thought.(尽管如此，研究结果显示了减少微塑料接触的潜在途径——这一任务正变得越来越
困难。今年早些时候，科学家们发现，即使是瓶装水，其微塑料含量也比原先想象的高出
10到1000倍。)”可推断，作者提到瓶装水是为了说明微塑料污染的严重性。故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中““Thewaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplasticswere
trappedthroughtheboilingprocesswasnice,”CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay,anenvironmental
engineeroftheUniversityofGlasgowinScotlandwhowasnotinvolvedintheresearch,tellsNew
Scientist.“Weshouldbelookingintoupgradingdrinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremove
microplastics.”(苏格兰格拉斯哥大学的环境工程师CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay没有参与这项
研究，她告诉《新科学家》杂志：“他们展示微塑料如何在煮沸过程中被截留的方式很不
错。”“我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂，以便它们能去除微塑料”)”可推知，Caroline
Gauchotte-Lindsay的建议是关于这项研究结果的潜在应用，即升级饮用水处理厂。故选D。
16．E 17．D 18．C 19．F 20．G
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述大学咖啡馆工作人员凯瑟琳·墨菲用真诚的服务
和热情的微笑为学生带来温暖的故事，展现了这位平凡英雄的动人之处。
16．根据上文“Needabreakbetweenclassesorjustaquickpick-me-upinthemorning?The
CollegeCafehasjustthat,andmore.(课间需要休息或早上快速提神？大学咖啡馆提供这些，
还有更多。)”可知，开篇引出咖啡馆的功能，空格处需揭示“更多”的内涵。E选项“Notonlydoes
答案第4页，共11页thiscafeserveupdrinks,italsoservesupsmiles.(这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品，还提供微笑。)”
通过“Notonly...also...”结构，既承接“drinks”，又引出下文核心——墨菲的微笑服务，符合语
境。故选E项。
17．根据上文“Shegoesbackandforthbetweenmachinestomakethedrinks.(她在机器之间来
回制作饮品。)”及下文“Asthecustomergrabsthedrinkfromherhand,shesmilesandsays,
“Hello,howisyourday?”Evenwhenthelineisgettinglonger,shedoesn’tletitgetinthewayof
hergenuineconversations.(当顾客从她手中接过饮品时，她微笑着说：“你好，今天过得怎么
样？”即使队伍越来越长，她也不会让这影响到她真诚的交流。)”可推知，设空处需补充制
作饮品后的环节。D选项“Afterfinishinganorder,shecallsoutthenameonthecup.(完成订单
后，她会喊出杯子上的名字。)”中的“finishinganorder”衔接“makethedrinks”，“callsoutthe
name”引出顾客接饮品的场景，形成“制作—叫号—交付”的完整流程。故选D项。
18．根据上文“Murphygetsupataquartertofiveanddrivesthirtyminuteseverydaytogetto
workontime.(墨菲每天四点四十五起床，开车三十分钟准时上班。)”及下文“IdosobecauseI
liketomakecoffeeforthestudents.(我这样做是因为我喜欢为学生煮咖啡。)”可推知，设空处
需进一步体现她对工作的投入。C选项“Sometimesshearrivesearlytoservethestudentsearly.
(有时她会提前到达，提前为学生服务。)”中的“arrivesearly”补充了“准时上班”之外的主动性，
“servethestudentsearly”呼应“liketomakecoffeeforthestudents”，展现其敬业精神。故选C
项。
19．根据上文“JoannaWright,aseniorpoliticalsciencemajor,lovescoffeeandgoestothecafeat
leastsixdaysaweek.(乔安娜・赖特是政治学专业的大四学生，她热爱咖啡，每周至少去这家
咖啡馆六天。)”及下文““Catherinealwayshasahugesmileonherface,whichalwaysputsmein
acheerfulmood,”Wrightsaid.(赖特说“凯瑟琳总是笑容满面，这总能让我心情愉快。”)”可推
知，设空处需说明她频繁去咖啡馆的原因。F选项“Goingtothecafestartsherdayoffgoodand
getsherreadyforclass.(去咖啡馆让她一天有个好的开始，并为上课做好准备。)”中的“starts
herdayoffgood”解释了“每周去六天”的动机，且“cheerfulmood”与墨菲的微笑服务形成因果
关系。故选F项。
20．根据下文“Shehaseveryintentionofstayingandcontinuingdoingwhatsheloves.(她完全打
算留下来，继续做自己喜欢的事。)”可推知，设空处需体现她对工作的长期投入。G选项“She
hasservedherefor17yearsandcan’timagineworkinganywhereelse.(她已经在这里服务了17
年，无法想象在其他地方工作。)”中的“17years”凸显服务年限之长，“can’timagineworking
答案第5页，共11页anywhereelse”强化对咖啡馆的情感联结，与“staying”形成直接呼应。故选G项。
21．B 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．B 26．B 27．A 28．C 29．D
30．A 31．B 32．C 33．D 34．A 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在搬家过程中通过免费赠送旧物获得快乐
的故事。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和丈夫刚刚卖掉了我们的房子，我们正忙着清空我们一家
人花了23年时间建造的心爱的房子。A.paintingover 粉刷覆盖；B.lookingaround 环顾四
周；C.emptyingout 清空；D.pullingdown 拆除。根据上文“ MyhusbandandIhadjust
soldourhouse”和下文“thebelovedhomeourfamilyhadspent23yearsfillingup”可推知，此处
指作者卖掉了房子，忙着清空房子里的多年来堆积的东西。故选C。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐
赠了能捐的东西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A.hotel 酒店；B.office 办
公室；C.cottage 小屋；D.apartment 公寓。根据文章最后一段“Isitinmyapartmenttoday”
可推知，此处指作者一家人搬到了公寓。故选D。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐
赠了能捐的东西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A.store 储存；B.display
展示；C.sell 出售；D.repair 修理。根据上文“rentedaplace”以及下文“oursupposedly
importantobjects”可推知，此处指租地方是为了存放重要物品。故选A。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应
该放在垃圾填埋场的东西。A.covered 覆盖的；B.decorated 装饰的；C.stuffed 塞满的；D.
equipped 配备的。根据上文“rentedaplaceto 3 oursupposedlyimportantobjects”以及下文
“withthings”可推知，此处指房子里仍塞满物品。故选C。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应
该放在垃圾填埋场的东西。A.conventional 传统的；B.valuable 有价值的；C.complicated 复
杂的；D.tolerable 可容忍的。根据上文“whilenotparticularly”以及下文“didn’tbelongina
landfill”可推知，此处指虽不贵重但不应丢弃的物品。故选B。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有几条信息进来了，一条想要更多的照片，另一条请求降价。
A.fees 费用；B.photos 照片；C.receipts 收据；D.models 模型。根据上文“Itookapicture
ofthevase”及“additional”可推知，此处指有人索要更多照片。故选B。
答案第6页，共11页27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着搬家日的临近，我确定了一个新的价格（0美元）并重
新发布了它。A.move 搬家；B.pay 支付；C.market 市场；D.work 工作。根据前文搬家
背景及下文“daydrewnear”可推知，此处指搬家日临近。故选A。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：描述：“我讨厌这个花瓶。也许你不会。”A.warning 警告；
B.request 请求；C.description 描述；D.reply 回复。根据上文“Itookapictureofthevaseand
posteditonline”以及下文“Ihatethisvase.Maybeyouwon’t.”可推知，此处指是重新发布的对
花瓶的描述。故选C。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到鼓励，我发布了更多。A.Confused 困惑的；B.Interested
感兴趣的；C.Disappointed 失望的；D.Encouraged 受鼓励的。根据上文“Inaninstant,awoman
racedintomyhouseandlefthappilywiththevase.”以及作者后文持续发帖的行为，可推知，此
处指作者受到鼓舞。故选D。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天收到的帖子和来我家里的拜访，在我混乱的房子里变
成了一束珍贵的光芒。A.visits 拜访；B.reports 报告；C.advice 建议；D.money 钱。根据
上文“Inaninstant,awomanracedintomyhouse”以及“Mydailyposts”和后文的互动，可推知，
此处指去作者家里拜访。故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以
取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。A.remove 移除；B.spare 省得；免去；C.find 发现；
D.check 检查。根据上文语境以及下文“thelandfill”可推知，此处指作者用免费赠送旧物来
代替丢掉旧物垃圾填埋，此处spare引申为“免去”表示免得去垃圾填埋场丢东西。故选B。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以
取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。A.investigated 调查；B.recognized 认出；C.encountered
遇见；D.recommended 推荐。根据上文“anotherpersonImightnototherwise”可推知，此处指
免费赠送旧物让原本不会遇见的人感到高兴。故选C。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我坐在我的公寓里，爱着我们小空间里的每一件所有物。
A.giveaways 赠品；B.posts 帖子；C.contributions 贡献；D.belongings 所有物。结合语境，
再根据上文“Isitinmyapartmenttoday”以及下文“shareoursmallspace”可推知，此处指现在
拥有的物品。故选D。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们
一起走的东西，我感到很快乐。A.joy 快乐；B.part 部分；C.care 关心；D.time 时间。结
合语境，再根据上文“lovingeachofthe 13 thatshareoursmallspace.”以及下文“inknowing
答案第7页，共11页that,somewherenearby”可推知，此处指作者免费赠送旧物，也从中获得了快乐。故选A。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们
一起走的东西，我感到很快乐。A.anticipating 期待；B.appreciating 欣赏；C.delivering 递
送；D.withdrawing 撤回。根据上文“Itake 13 inknowingthat,somewherenearby”以及下
文“somethingthatcouldn’tcomewithus”可推知，此处指他人在欣赏这些作者带不走的，赠予
的物品。故选B。
36．which 37．the 38．topresent 39．guidance 40．arerevealed 41．tries
42．by 43．strategic 44．and 45．digitally
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为灵感的艺
术展览。
36．56. 考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自
围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先
行词为Go,orweiqiinChinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代
词which引导。故填which。
37．考查冠词。句意：围棋是最早的基于二元的棋类游戏之一。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。
故填the。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智
能，并与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope，此处为非谓语
动词，hopetodosth.“希望做某事”，所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式，作宾语。故
填topresent。
39．考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输
掉。此处作follow的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。
40．考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴
露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语Theplayers’personalities与动
词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，
be动词用are。故填arerevealed。
41．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，
以表示对对方的尊重。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语adecent
winner为第三人称单数，所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。
答案第8页，共11页42．考查介词。句意同上。“by+具体数值”表示“以（某一差值）”，此处指“以一到两分的优
势”，符合语境。故填by。
43．考查形容词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及
每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和
丝网版画。此处修饰名词placement，需用形容词strategic“战略性的，策略的”，作定语。故
填strategic。
44．64. 考查连词。句意同上。thebalancebetweentheblackandwhitepieces,thebeautyinthe
strategicplacementofthepieces,theenergyflowfollowingeachmove三者为并列关系，作并列
主语，所以空处需用连词and。故填and。
45．考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰形容词generated，需用副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。
故填digitally。
46．Onepossibleversion:
DearJenny,
IreallyliketheideaofaddinganewcolumntoourEnglishnewspaper.I’mwritingto
expressthatmypredilectiongoesto“GuesswhoIam”,whichcapitalizesonanobjectclauseto
signalitspotentialcontents.
Thecolumnwillserveasacatalystforcloserbondsbetweenstudents.Redoublingeffortsto
boostacademicperformance,wepaylittleheedtootherclassmates’personalities,hobbies,
strengths,andevenaspirations.Suchaninvitingcolumn,adoptinga“descriptionandguess”
approach,mustexposeeveryonetoothers’characteristics,thusstrengtheningmutual
understanding.Moreimportantly,morefriendshipswillbeforged,sincethecolumnenablesusto
befriendsomeoneonthesamewavelength.
Thiseye-catchingcolumn,I’mfirmlyconvinced,won’tfailtograntthewholeclassa
harmoniousatmosphere.
Yours,
LiHua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就外教Jenny提出的校英文报增设一个栏目，
在“Funatmyschool”和“GuesswhoIam”两个选项中给出自己的推荐，并说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：express→convey
答案第9页，共11页利用：capitalizeon→use
担当：serveas→actas
注意：payheedto→takenoticeof
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Suchaninvitingcolumn,adoptinga“descriptionandguess”approach,mustexpose
everyonetoothers’characteristics,thusstrengtheningmutualunderstanding.
拓展句：Suchaninvitingcolumn,whichadoptsa“descriptionandguess”approach,mustexpose
everyonetoothers’characteristics,thusstrengtheningmutualunderstanding.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’mwritingtoexpressthatmypredilectiongoesto“GuesswhoIam”,
whichcapitalizesonanobjectclausetosignalitspotentialcontents.（运用了that引导的宾语从
句，which引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Moreimportantly,morefriendshipswillbeforged,sincethecolumnenablesusto
befriendsomeoneonthesamewavelength.（运用了since引导的状语从句）
47．Onepossibleversion:
Irealizeditwasmewhowasatfault.Ihadbeensofocusedonkeepingthepartyunder
controlthatIfailedtoconsiderhowimportantTobywastomybrotherduringthisdifficulttime.
Mypridehadkeptmefromreachingout,andnowmonthshadpassedwithoutaproper
conversation.Oneevening,Ipickedupthephoneandlefthimavoicemessage,apologizingfor
mybehaviorandaskingifwecouldmeet.Tomyrelief,hecalledbackthenextday,andweagreed
togettogethersoon.
Withthebiscuitsmywifehadmade,Iarrivedatmybrother’sdoor.Heopeneditwitha
surprisedsmile,andforamoment,neitherofusspoke.Thenwehugged—somethingwehadn’t
donesincebeforehiswifepassedaway.WesatontheporchwithTobyrestingbesideus,andI
handedhimtheboxofbiscuits.“Thankyou,”hesaidquietly.Wetalkedforhours,laughing,
rememberingoldtimes,andslowlyrebuildingwhathadbeenlost.AsIwatchedTobygentlyrest
hisheadonmybrother’sleg,Iknewwewerefinallyonthepathtohealing.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者因担心弟弟的狗Toby影响聚会，要求弟弟看
好狗，后因天气变化导致弟弟提前离开并心生芥蒂。两个月后作者意识到自己的过错，主动
带着妻子做的饼干登门道歉，最终兄弟俩和解的故事，展现了亲情中理解与包容的重要性。
答案第10页，共11页【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我意识到是我错了。” 可知，第一段可描写作者反思自己在聚会上只
顾控制局面，忽视了Toby对弟弟的重要性，因骄傲迟迟未联系弟弟，最终通过电话留言道
歉并约定见面。
②由第二段首句内容“带着妻子做的饼干，我来到了弟弟家门口。”可知，第二段可描写弟弟
开门时的惊讶与沉默，兄弟俩拥抱和解，坐在门廊上谈心，看着Toby依偎在弟弟腿边，明
白亲情修复的意义。
2. 续写线索：反思过错——电话留言道歉——约定见面——带饼干登门——拥抱沉默——
谈心和解——领悟亲情
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①道歉：apologize/saysorry/makeanapology
②拥抱：hug/embrace
③重建：rebuild/restore/reconstruct
情绪类：
①宽慰：relief/comfort/satisfaction/ease
②惊讶：surprised/shocked/astonished
【点睛】[高分句型1]IhadbeensofocusedonkeepingthepartyundercontrolthatIfailedto
considerhowimportantTobywastomybrotherduringthisdifficulttime.（运用了“so...that...”引
导结果状语从句以及how引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2]Oneevening,Ipickedupthephoneandlefthimavoicemessage,apologizingfor
mybehaviorandaskingifwecouldmeet（. 运用了现在分词短语作状语以及if引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型 3]AsIwatchedTobygentlyresthisheadonmybrother’sleg,Iknewwewerefinally
onthepathtohealing.（运用了as引导时间状语从句以及省略that的宾语从句）
答案第11页，共11页
