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选择性必修 Book 2 Unit 2 Bridge Cultures
B 卷·综合能力提升练
(时间：90分钟 满分：120分)
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Wedding Customs from Around the WorldEach traditional wedding custom is very special,
because it marks the importance of the wedding.
BrazilImportant Details of the Wedding Ceremony
A wedding ceremony in Brazil has many important details. For example, the bridegroom can't see
the bride wearing her wedding dress before the ceremony. The bride has to use something old,
something new, and something that is borrowed. One more detail is the bride's ring should be engraved
the name of the bridegroom
—María Celina Brandao
Eastern EuropeAsking the Girl's Father for Permission
In my country, the engagement is an event previous to the wedding. One month before the
wedding, the bridegroom asks the girl's father for permission to take the girl out of her family house.
He goes to her house early in the morning with a band, if he can afford the expense. All the neighbours
come to see the new bride and to tell her something nice
—Stoyan Grigorou
JapanA Wine Ceremony Symbolizes Dedication
A Shinto wedding has a typical ceremony. A couple drinks Japanese rice wine in front of a priest.
First, the bride drinks the wine from a small cup. Next, the bride passes the cup to the bridegroom and
he also drinks the wine from the cup. They try to drink wine three times. This ceremony means that
they promise to be dedicated to each other.
—Maki Kubo
VenezuelaPromises to Love and Take Care of Each Other
The most important and unforgettable event of someone's life is marriage. In Venezuela, the
bridegroom has to promise his bride to love her all his life and to take care of her forever. The bride
also has to repeat the same commandments. It is popular for the couple to read the promises to each
other. This moment is really beautiful. In addition, the couple receives a list of commandments.
—Sonia Dale
For more, please click here.
1．What is a bridegroom in Brazil not expected to do?A．Use something not new.
B．Use something someone else lends him.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂C．Have his bride wear the ring engraved with his name.
D．See his bride in a wedding dress before the ceremony.
2．When does the engagement in Eastern Europe usually happen?
A．Before the wedding is celebrated. B．After the girl is taken out
C．After a band is paid by the bridegroom. D．When the neighbours arrive.
3．Why does the couple in Japan drink wine three times?
A．It is the priest's order in the ceremony.
B．The cup is not big enough to hold much wine.
C．It means they promise not to be against each other.
D．It is typical for all young Japanese to drink wine.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些世界各地的婚礼习俗。
1．细节理解题。根据Brazil部分中“For example, the bridegroom can't see the bride wearing her wedding dress
before the ceremony.(例如，在婚礼前，新郎不能看到新娘穿着婚纱)”可知，在巴西，新郎在婚礼前不能看
到新娘穿婚纱。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据Eastern Europe部分中“In my country, the engagement is an event previous to the
wedding.( 在我的国家，订婚是婚礼前的一项活动)”可知，在东欧，订婚是婚礼前进行的一项活动。故选
A。
3．细节理解题。根据Japan部分中“They try to drink wine three times. This ceremony means that they promise
to be dedicated to each other.(他们要喝三次酒。这个仪式意味着他们承诺忠于彼此)”可知，新娘和新郎喝三
次酒，是为了表达忠心，也就是说这个仪式意味着他们承诺不背叛对方。故选C。
【点睛】
B
“Lei ming m ming baak ngo gong ge waa ah? Do you understand what I am saying?” I stare back at the
speaker dumbly, my lips parted, the ideas clear in my mind but a response unable to express itself in a language in
my distant range. After an uncomfortable pause, a bunch of words spill out of my mouth, sounding forced and
unnatural.
The anecdote (轶事) above is a semi-conversation I had in Malaysia years ago. A three-week stay in Malaysia
once every few years was often the highlight of my summers — what more can you ask from a food paradise? But
besides the family, food, and escape that Malaysia offered, trips also brought accompanying feelings of guilt that I
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂just couldn’t seem to translate. For one month every few summers, I got a taste of what it feels to be an outsider in
my own culture, peering in. I was a girl lost in translation, passively absorbing the various tongues shouted between
the stalls in the wet markets, quietly nodding along at my grandparents’ huge family dinners.
In America though, I am a different person. I don’t think twice about my grammar when speaking. I don’t
struggle with the words and fear that my logic and stories won’t get through to people. So as a native English
speaker, I do not have to worry daily about whether I’m judged for having an accent or whether I’m misunderstood
across languages. In Malaysia, I naturally burst out “have you eaten?” instead of recalling the Malaysian equivalent
“you makan already?” In Malaysia, everything about the way I speak — my accent, intonation, sentence structure,
slang — gives me away. My American-ness is seen in the way I talk, dress, and act. Maybe my face could pass for
a Malaysian local, but once I open my mouth to speak I am so clearly not. It is uncomfortable and awkward, and
sometimes I wonder if I did not look Asian at all would it be better, since there would be no more language
expectation for me than for a white tourist.
4．How did the author feel in the anecdote?
A．Confused and scared. B．Embarrassed and nervous.
C．Curious and surprised. D．Upset and puzzled.
5．Why did the author feel guilty according to Paragraph 2?
A．Because she had to stay away from her family.
B．Because she didn’t enjoy speaking the language.
C．Because she had to accept what grandparents said.
D．Because she found it hard to understand the culture.
6．What can we learn about the author from the last paragraph?
A．She was a good language learner.
B．She didn’t like being an Asian.
C．She was judged unfairly in Malaysia.
D．She spoke English unconsciously in Malaysia.
7．From which column of the website does this article probably come from?
A．Opinion B．News. C．Education. D．Humor.
【答案】4．B 5．D 6．D 7．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了有着亚洲人的外表但却是英语思维的作者回到马来西亚无法融入的
尴尬和感受。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂4．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I stare back at the speaker dumbly, my lips parted, the ideas clear in my mind
but a response unable to express itself in a language in my distant range. After an uncomfortable pause, a bunch of
words spill out of my mouth, sounding forced and unnatural.(我无言地回望着说话的人，我的嘴唇张开着，脑
子里的想法很清楚，但在我遥远的视野里，这是一种无法用语言表达的反应。在一阵不舒服的停顿之后，
一堆话从我嘴里说了出来，听起来很勉强，很不自然)”以及文章最后一段最后两句“Maybe my face could
pass for a Malaysian local, but once I open my mouth to speak I am so clearly not. It is uncomfortable and
awkward, and sometimes I wonder if I did not look Asian at all would it be better, since there would be no more
language expectation for me than for a white tourist.(也许我的脸可以冒充马来西亚本地人，但一旦我开口说话，
我就明显不是。这让我感到不舒服和尴尬，有时我在想，如果我完全不像亚洲人，会不会更好，因为对我
来说，语言期望不会比对一个白人游客更多)”可推知，作者在这次对话中因为无法用本地语言表达而感到
尴尬、紧张。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四句“But besides the family, food, and escape that Malaysia offered, trips
also brought accompanying feelings of guilt that I just couldn’t seem to translate. For one month every few
summers, I got a taste of what it feels to be an outsider in my own culture, peering in. (但是，除了马来西亚提供
的家庭、食物和逃离之外，旅行还带来了一种我似乎无法解释的负罪感。每隔几个夏天，有一个月的时间，
我就会体会到在自己的文化中作为一个局外人的感受，窥探自己的文化)”可知，作者很难融入自己的文化。
故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In Malaysia, I naturally burst out ‘have you eaten?’ instead of recalling the
Malaysian equivalent ‘you makan already?’ (在马来西亚，我很自然地说‘have you eaten?’而不是记起马来西
亚的‘you makan already?’ )”可知，作者在马来西亚不知不觉地就把英语说出来。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“The anecdote (轶事) above is a semi-conversation I had in Malaysia years
ago.(上面的轶事是我多年前在马来西亚的一次半对话)”可知，作者回忆了多年以前的一次经历，结合下文
对此经历与感受的详细阐述以及最后一句“It is uncomfortable and awkward, and sometimes I wonder if I did
not look Asian at all would it be better, since there would be no more language expectation for me than for a white
tourist.(这让我感到不舒服和尴尬，有时我在想，如果我完全不像亚洲人，会不会更好，因为对我来说，语
言期望不会比对一个白人游客更多)”可知，文章主要阐述了是亚洲人的外表但却是英语思维的作者回到马
来西亚无法融入的尴尬，以及作者的感受。由此推知，文章最有可能来自网站上的“opinion(观点)”专栏。
故选A。
C
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂Recently, my friends Hazel Markus and Alana Conner published a book on culture. It isn’t a book on exploring
cultures or talking about why you should always accept a business card from a Japanese businessman with two
hands and admire it. Instead, Clash talks about eight cultural conflicts and frames those conflicts as paths to self-
knowledge. In other words, it describes the self, and our individual cultures, as relative. This self-insight can help
you better navigate our increasingly global world.
For example, one distinction discussed by Markus and Conner is the distinction between Americans from
different parts of the United States. People from different states have different expectations and assumptions about
how things should be done, and even what things should be called. Often, it is only when a person comes up against
another way of doing things that these assumptions become apparent. I attended Carleton College, a liberal arts
college in Minnesota. Within my first two days of being there, I realized that I possessed an assumption about rain.
Coming from California, I expected that it didn’t rain in summer and that when it did rain, it would rain all day.
When I woke up on September 2, to a downpour that lasted 20 minutes, that assumption was revealed to be false.
There was a particularly colorful discussion in my dorm about the game “duck, duck, goose” vs “duck, duck,
gray duck”. The point is, only by coming into contact and comparing my assumptions to others did I realize that my
assumptions were just that—my view of how things should be and not necessarily the truth.
Why is it important to understand your cultural background beyond your race and ethnicity(种族特点)?
Because if you understand yourself, you are better prepared to recognize and embrace alternatives. For instance, a
research by William Maddux has shown that people who have significant multicultural experiences are more
creative. Also, if you understand where you come from, you may be more understanding of conflicts that are
arising, and be able to address those conflicts in cooperative ways.
8．What may change our assumptions according to the author?
A．Staying in an unfamiliar city.
B．Seeing things done in a different way.
C．Meeting someone from a different state.
D．Coming into conflict with those from another culture.
9．What can we know about the summer weather in Minnesota?
A．It stays sunny all along. B．It never rains but it pours.
C．It often rains continuously. D．The rain sometimes stops unexpectedly.
10．Why does the author mention William Maddux in the last paragraph?
A．To support an argument. B．To provide a background.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂C．To contradict a theory. D．To give detailed information.
11．What may be the author’s purpose of writing the text?
A．To share an experience. B．To define a concept.
C．To put forward a theory. D．To introduce a book.
【答案】8．B 9．D 10．A 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者的朋友刚出版了一本有关文化的书。书中陈述了一个观
点：文化冲突是我们拥有自知之明的途径。人的自我认知与群体文化相互关联，我们只有首先弄清自我，
才能更好地融入世界。
【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第二段中“Often, it is only when a person comes up against another way of doing
things that these assumptions become apparent. I attended Carleton College, a liberal arts college in Minnesota.
Within my first two days of being there, I realized that I possessed an assumption about rain. Coming from
California, I expected that it didn’t rain in summer and that when it did rain, it would rain all day. When I woke up
on September 2, to a downpour that lasted 20 minutes, that assumption was revealed to be false.(通常，只有当一
个人遇到另一种做事方式时，这些假设才会变得明显。我就读于卡尔顿学院，这是明尼苏达州的一所文理
学院。在我到那里的头两天，我意识到我对下雨有一个假设。从加利福尼亚来，我以为夏天不会下雨，下
雨就会下一整天。9月2日，当我醒来时意识到大雨持续了20分钟，这个假设被证明是错误的。)”可知，
作者认为，只有当我们遇到与自己不同的做事方式时，我们才会意识到区别，从而改变自己对事物的“臆
断”。故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中“Coming from California, I expected that it didn’t rain in summer and that when it
did rain, it would rain all day. When I woke up on September 2, to a downpour that lasted 20 minutes, that
assumption was revealed to be false.(从加利福尼亚来，我以为夏天不会下雨，下雨就会下一整天。9月2日，
当我醒来时意识到大雨持续了20分钟，这个假设被证明是错误的。)”可知，明尼苏达州与作者的家乡加利
福尼亚州不同，这里气候变化无常，顷刻间就会有暴雨倾盆，也会很快停下。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Why is it important to understand your cultural background beyond your
race and ethnicity(种族特点)? Because if you understand yourself, you are better prepared to recognize and
embrace alternatives. For instance, a research by William Maddux has shown that people who have significant
multicultural experiences are more creative. Also, if you understand where you come from, you may be more
understanding of conflicts that are arising, and be able to address those conflicts in cooperative ways.(为什么了解
你的种族和民族之外的文化背景很重要?因为如果你了解自己，你就能更好地认识和接受其他选择。例如，
William Maddux的一项研究表明，拥有丰富多元文化经历的人更有创造力。此外，如果你了解自己来自哪
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂里，你可能会更了解正在发生的冲突，并能够以合作的方式解决这些冲突。)”可知，作者提到了William
Maddux的研究成果，主要是为了论证前面提到的Because if you understand yourself, you are better prepared
to recognize and embrace alternatives. (因为你了解自己，你就能更容易识别和接受不同于自己的改变) 这一
论点。故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据第一段的“Recently, my friends Hazel Markus and Alana Conner published a book on
culture. It isn’t a book on exploring cultures or talking about why you should always accept a business card from a
Japanese businessman with two hands and admire it.(最近，我的朋友Hazel Markus和Alana Conner出版了一本
关于文化的书。这不是一本探索文化的书，也不是一本谈论为什么你应该总是用双手接受日本商人的名片
并赞赏它的书。)”和“ In other words, it describes the self, and our individual cultures, as relative. This self-
insight can help you better navigate our increasingly global world.(换句话说，它把自我和我们的个人文化描述
为相对的。这种自我洞察可以帮助你更好地驾驭我们这个日益全球化的世界。)”以及下文内容可知，作者
写本文的目的主要是为了向读者介绍自己的两位朋友写的这本书。故选D。
D
The cultures of the East and the West are really different from each other a lot. This is because the culture
systems are two separate ones on the whole.
The origin (起源) of the Eastern culture is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two
cultures are developed by rivers-the Yellow River in China and the Hindu River in India. They helped the two
cultures develop for centuries and form their own styles.
When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was up on the
Mesopotamian Plain—the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of
Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. And these two are well known as the base of the European culture. Like the
Chinese culture, the European culture also crossed waters. When the British settled down in America, their culture
went with the mover the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn’t have much difference from the European
culture.
At the same time, some other differences add to the cultural differences. Take the language system for
example. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic (象形文字的) language while the Western
languages are mostly based on the Latin system. Other causes like human race differences count as well. But what’s
more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and the west, the two cultures seldom
communicated until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference (干预)
from the other.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂The differences are everywhere. They are obvious and make people’s ways of thinking and their views of the
world different. But different cultures make the world of 21st century more colorful. The cultural difference should
not be the obstacle (障碍) to the civilization of human being. It ought to be the driving force of our going farther.
12．What does the underlined word “civilization” mean in paragraph 3?
A．A particular ability or type of ability.
B．A society with its culture and its way of life.
C．The process of teaching, training and learning.
D．The art of planning, designing, and constructing buildings.
13．Why did the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries?
A．People ate different kinds of food.
B．There were two language systems.
C．The East and the West are too far away.
D．People’s habits and traditions are not similar.
14．What is the.last paragraph mainly about?
A．Benefits of cultural differences.
B．Disadvantages of cultural differences.
C．Driving force of people’s going farther.
D．Waves to make the world more colorful.
15．What can be the best title for the text?
A．What causes different life between East and West
B．What causes diet differences between East and West
C．What causes different views between East and West
D．What causes cultural differences between East and West
【答案】12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章分析了东西方文化的不同是因为文化系统在整体上是两个独立的系统。东
方文化源自于中国和印度，而西方文化源自于古希腊罗马。语言等也造就了文化差异。
12．词句猜测题。根据指代关系和第三段“When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture,
another famous culture was up on the Mesopotamian Plain — the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization
later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.(在这两条母亲河孕育东方文化的同时，
另一种著名的文化也在两河平原上兴起——两河文明。这种civilization后来发展成为古希腊和古罗马文
化)”中“This”可知，“This civilization”即上文所述在两河平原上兴起的两河文明。结合常识可知，两河文
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂明是两河流域孕育的人类文明，即一个有自己文化和生活方式的社会。故选B项。
13．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But what’s more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the
East and the west, the two cultures seldom communicated until recent centuries.(但更重要的是，由于东西方之间
的距离遥远和陡峭的地区，两种文化直到最近几个世纪才有很少的交流)”可知，因为东方和西方太远了，
所以直到最近几个世纪才有很少的交流。故选C项。
14．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The differences are everywhere. They are obvious and make people’s ways of
thinking and their views of the world different. But different cultures make the world of 21st century more colorful.
The cultural difference should not be the obstacle to the civilization of human being. It ought to be the driving force
of our going farther.(差异无处不在。它们是显而易见的，并使人们的思维方式和他们对世界的看法不同。但
是不同的文化使21世纪的世界更加丰富多彩。文化差异不应成为人类文明的障碍。它应该成为我们走得更
远的动力)”可知，最后一段主要讲文化差异的好处。故选A项。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“The cultures of the East and the West are really different from each other a lot.
This is because the culture systems are two separate ones on the whole.(东方和西方的文化真的有很大的不同。
这是因为文化系统在整体上是两个独立的系统)”以及倒数第二段中“At the same time, some other differences
add to the cultural differences.(与此同时，一些其他的差异增加了文化差异)”可知，本文主要讲是什么导致了
东方和西方的文化有不同，所以D项“What causes cultural differences between East and West(是什么导致了
东西方的文化差异)”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
选项。
I came to Russia to study in the winter of 2021. My university is located in Moscow, the capital of Russia,
which is a city with a long history.
The second I stepped out of the airport, I immediately felt how cold it was outside. ____16____When I saw
the main building of Moscow State University, I was deeply shocked by its beautiful architecture with its 270-year-
long history. Sensing how utterly small I was in front of this majestic building, I felt the crystallization (结晶) of
human wisdom resonate within me.
____17____ The snow and ice won't melt until April of the following year. Just like the melting snow, I
gradually overcame the difficulties of studying abroad and came to adjust to my new environment.
The first challenge was the language barrier After leaning Russian in China, I realized that my skills were
nowhere near enough. I was not fluent in Russian, sometimes causing misunderstandings. ____18____ In Russia,
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂everyone intentionally stands on the right side when taking the escalator, which takes time to get used to.
The artistic atmosphere in Russia is very strong, however. ____19____Tickets for concerts and cultural events
here are relatively cheap, making it easy to enrich my life on weekends.
In a nutshell, living abroad means overcoming all kinds of difficulties. The experience will always leave a
colorful shade in our lives. Just as the old saying in Chinese goes, “it is better to travel ten thousand miles than to
read ten thousand books.” ____20____
A．Take a look at the outside world while you are young!
B．Obviously, the freezing climate does not agree with me.
C．The cultural differences were also hard to deal with at first.
D．I can visit many of the attractions that I used to see in my textbooks.
E．And the buildings surrounding me looked so different from the ones in China.
F．Staring from early November each year, the snow season in Moscow is very long.
G．Thanks to the abundant activities I get to explore what I've learned in practical contexts.
【答案】16．E 17．F 18．C 19．D 20．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在俄罗斯的留学经历，感受着异国他乡的文化与习俗。
16．根据后文的“When I saw the main building of Moscow State University, I was deeply shocked by its
beautiful architecture with its 270-year-long history.(当我看到莫斯科国立大学的主楼时，我被它有着270年历
史的美丽建筑深深震撼了)”可知，此处强调的是教学楼建筑物深深地震撼了作者，故前文应该与之呼应。E
选项“And the buildings surrounding me looked so different from the ones in China.(我周围的建筑看起来和中
国的很不一样)”中的the buildings与下文呼应。故选E。
17．根据后文的“The snow and ice won't melt until April of the following year.(冰雪要到第二年四月才会融
化)”可知，前文应该强调的是莫斯科的下雪季。F选项“Staring from early November each year, the snow
season in Moscow is very long.(从每年11月初开始，莫斯科的雪季很长)”引起下文，解释了莫斯科雪季的时
间。故选F。
18．根据后文“In Russia, everyone intentionally stands on the right side when taking the escalator, which takes
time to get used to.(在俄罗斯，乘坐自动扶梯时，每个人都故意站在右侧，这需要时间来适应)”可知，此处
强调的是中俄文化上的差异需要作者花费时间来适应。C选项“The cultural differences were also hard to deal
with at first.( 一开始，文化差异也很难处理)”，引起下文，强调了文化差异给作者带来了影响。故选C。
19．根据后文的“Tickets for concerts and cultural events here are relatively cheap, making it easy to enrich my
life on weekends.(这里的音乐会和文化活动的门票相对便宜，很容易在周末丰富我的生活)”可知，前文应该
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂强调作者去参观景点，由此与此处的音乐会和文化活动的门票相承接。D选项“I can visit many of the
attractions that I used to see in my textbooks.( 我可以参观许多我过去在课本上看到的景点)”中景点与下文景
点的门票相对应，符合语境。故选D。
20．根据前文“Just as the old saying in Chinese goes, “it is better to travel ten thousand miles than to read ten
thousand books.”(正如中国有句古话所说:“读万卷书不如行万里路。”)”可知，此处强调的是多出去看世界
的好处和意义，因此A选项“Take a look at the outside world while you are young!(趁着年轻，多看看外面的
世界!)”与前文呼应，指出年轻的时候要去外面的世界多看看。故选A。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。
The British love to think of themselves as polite, and everyone knows how fond they are of their “pleases” and
“thank you”. Even the simplest business such as buying a train ticket requires ____21____ seven or eight of these.
Another ____22____ of our good manners is the queue. New-comers to Britain could be ____23____ for
thinking that queuing rather than football was the ____24____ national sport. Finally, of course, motorists
generally stop at crossings. But does all this mean that the British should consider themselves more ____25____
than their European neighbours? I think not.
Take forms of address(称呼) for example. The average English person -- ____26____ he happens to work in
a hotel or department store--would rather die than call a stranger “Sir” or “Madam”. ____27____ in some
European countries this is the most basic of common address. Our universal “you” ____28____ everyone may
appear more democratic, but it means that we are forced to seek out complicated ways to express ____29____. I
am all for _____30_____ to the use of “thee” and “thou” (Thee and thou are old-fashioned poetic words for
“you”); “you” would be reserved for strangers and professional relationships.
And of course, the English find touching and other shows of friendship truly _____31_____. Have you
noticed how the British _____32_____ ever touch? Personally, I find the Latin habit of shaking hands or a friendly
kiss quite charming. _____33_____ kissing the average English person, and they will either take two steps
backwards in horror, or, if their _____34_____ is blocked you will find your lips touching the back of their head.
Now what could be _____35_____ than that?
21．A．at least B．at most C．less than D．not more than
22．A．signal B．scene C．sign D．sight
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂23．A．forgiven B．alarmed C．calmed D．comforted
24．A．true B．tough C．superior D．advanced
25．A．potential B．social C．polite D．well-meaning
26．A．if B．whether C．when D．unless
27．A．Yet B．So C．Thus D．Also
28．A．from B．for C．by D．on
29．A．politeness B．gratitude C．concern D．consideration
30．A．responding B．returning C．escaping D．contributing
31．A．passive B．flexible C．terrifying D．generous
32．A．highly B．mostly C．hardly D．nearly
33．A．Risk B．Stop C．Keep D．Try
34．A．contact B．response C．target D．escape
35．A．better B．ruder C．more polite D．more frightening
【答案】
21．A 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．C 26．D 27．A 28．B 29．A 30．B 31．C 32．C 33．
D 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过描述英国人的日常行为，反应出英国人自认为是礼貌的这件事是不
符合事实的，作者认为他们的行为是很粗鲁的，不礼貌的。
21．考查短语辨析。句意：即使是最简单的业务，比如买火车票，也至少需要七到八次说这样的礼貌用语。
A. at least至少；B. at most最多； C. less than比…少；D. not more than没有...多。根据上文“The British
love to think of themselves as polite, and everyone knows how fond they are of their “pleases” and “thank you”.”可
知，英国人在生活中很喜欢用礼貌用语，所以即使是买火车票这样简单的事情，也至少需要七到八次说这
样的礼貌用语。故选A。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们礼貌的另一个标志是排队。A. signal信号；B. scene场景；C. sign标志，
符合；D. sight视线，风景。根据下文“of our good manners is the queue”可知，这里指他们英国人体现礼貌
的另一个标志是在排队的时候体现出来的。故选C。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：新来英国的人认为排队而不是足球是先进的国家运动，这是情有可原的。
A. forgiven原谅；B. alarmed警报；C. calmed冷静；D. comforted安慰。根据上文“New-comers to Britain”
可知，这是对新来英国的人的态度，所以他们即使有错误的认识是可以被原谅的。故选A。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第3题详解。A. true真的；B. tough艰难的；C. superior高级的；D.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂advanced先进的。根据上文“football”可知，足球在英国应该是被认为是发展比较先进的国家运动项目。
故选D。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这一切是否意味着英国人应该认为自己比欧洲邻国更有礼貌？A.
potential有潜力的；B. social社会的；C. polite有礼貌的；D. well-meaning善意的。根据上文“The British
love to think of themselves as polite, and everyone knows how fond they are of their “pleases” and “thank you”.”可
知，这里说的是英国人的礼貌问题。故选C。
26．考查连词词义辨析。句意：一般的英国人——除非碰巧在酒店或百货公司工作——宁愿死也不愿叫陌
生人“先生”或“女士”。A. if如果；B. whether是否；C. when当…时候；D. unless除非。根据上文
“The average English person”可知，这里提到的不是一般的英国人，而是在服务行业工作的英国人。本句
为unless引导的条件状语从句。故选D。
27．考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，在一些欧洲国家，这是最基本的通用称呼。A. Yet然而；B. So因此；
C. Thus因此；D. Also也。根据上文“The average English person -- 6 he happens to work in a hotel
or department store--would rather die than call a stranger “Sir” or “Madam”.”和下文“in some European countries
this is the most basic of common address.”可知，上下文是转折的关系。故选A。
28．考查介词词义辨析。句意：我们对每个人的普遍称呼“你”可能看起来更平等，但这意味着我们不得
不寻找复杂的方式来表达礼貌。A. from从；B. for为了；C. by通过；D. on在…上面。根据下文
“everyone”可知，“you”是对每个人的称呼。故选B。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第8题详解。A. politeness礼貌；B. gratitude感激；C. concern关心；D.
consideration考虑。根据上文“seek out complicated ways to express”可知，这里指要寻找复杂的方式来表达
礼貌。故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我完全赞成重新使用“thee”和“thou”（“thee”和“thou”是“you”的老式
诗词）；“you”将只适用于陌生人和职业关系。A. responding回应；B. returning回归；C. escaping逃跑；
D. contributing贡献。根据下文“the use of “thee” and “thou” (Thee and thou are old-fashioned poetic words for
“you”)”可知，作者建议回到以前对“你”的称呼的使用。故选B。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，英国人觉得感人的友谊和其他友谊的表现真的很可怕。A. passive
被动的；B. flexible灵活的；C. terrifying令人害怕的；D. generous慷慨的。根据下文“ 1 3 kissing
the average English person, and they will either take two steps backwards in horror”可知，英国人觉得感人的友
谊和其他友谊的表现真的很可怕。故选C。
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：你注意到英国人几乎从不接触吗？A. highly高地；B. mostly大部分；C.
hardly几乎不；D. nearly几乎。根据下文“ 1 3 kissing the average English person, and they will either
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂take two steps backwards in horror”可知，英国人不喜欢过于亲密的接触。故选C。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：试着亲吻普通的英国人，他们会吓得后退两步，或者，如果他们的逃跑被
阻止，你会发现你的嘴唇碰到了他们的后脑勺。A. Risk冒险；B. Stop停止；C. Keep保持；D. Try尝试。
根据下文“kissing the average English person”可知，这里是作者建议人们是试一下亲吻普通的英国人，然后
可以看看他们的反应。故选D。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第13题详解。A. contact联系；B. response回应；C. target目标；D.
escape逃跑。根据下文“you will find your lips touching the back of their head”可知，当你去亲吻英国人的时
候，你却吻到了他们的后脑勺，说明他们是想逃跑，不想让你亲吻。故选D。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，还有什么比这更粗鲁的了吗？A. better更好的；B. ruder更粗鲁的；
C. more polite更有礼貌的；D. more frightening更令人害怕的。根据上文“But does all this mean that the
British should consider themselves more 5 than their European neighbours? I think not.”和“ 1 3
kissing the average English person, and they will either take two steps backwards in horror, or, if their 1 4
is blocked you will find your lips touching the back of their head.”可知，作者并不认为英国人是礼貌的，反而
认为他们的行为是很粗鲁的，不礼貌的。故选B。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
It’s interesting when you think about how Japan is a nation ____36____ appreciates the virtues of silence and
good manners, and yet when it comes to eating noodles, Japanese people can be ____37____ (loud) in the world.
According to lifestyle website grapee.jp, slurping when eating noodles ____38____ (encourage) in Japanese
culture. It’s believed that taking air into your mouth ____39____ enhance the flavor of the noodles, and that it
helps cool down the noodles. It’s also considered to be a way to show appreciation for the dish. Sometimes, just
making the noise alone seems to make the noodles more enjoyable.
It wasn’t until a new expression—“noodle harassment”, or “hu-hara” in Japanese - came out last year on social
media ____40____ Japanese people started to realize that the slurping noise is making some foreign visitors
____41____(comfortable).
As a response, Japanese instant noodle maker Nissin introduced a so-called noise-canceling fork earlier this
year. The fork, which looks like an electric toothbrush, is connected wirelessly to a smartphone. When the person
using the fork starts to slurp, the fork sends a signal to the person’s phone, ____42____ (make) it play a sound to
mask the slurping noise.
“The fork is a solution ____43____ the ‘noodle harassment’ issue, particularly as the number of tourists
visiting Japan increases,” said the company, according to Euro News.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂But is it really necessary?
Dining traditions do vary. What is considered to be proper table manners in one country is likely to be seen as
rude in another. In India, for example, people eat with their hands ____44____ they think in this way they build a
connection with the food. However, people who are used to eating with utensils(餐具)might find it uncomfortable
to get their hands _____45_____ (cover) with oil and bits of food. But this eating method is part of India’s culture,
just like Japan’s slurping is part of its own.
“So, if you are eating noodles, whether that’s ramen, udon, or soba, please slurp,” wrote the reporter Brian
Ashcraft on blog Kotaku. “If anyone gets annoyed while you are doing that, pay them no mind because they’re
missing the point entirely.”
【答案】
36．that##which 37．the loudest 38．is encouraged 39．can 40．that 41．uncomfortable 42．to
make 43．to 44．because##as 45．covered
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍日本人吃东西时喜欢发出滋滋声的文化，引起游客的不适，因此相关措施
被提出，但也有人质疑有没有这个必要。
36．考查定语从句。句意：一提到日本，你可能会想到它是一个欣赏沉默和礼貌美德的国家，然而当谈到
吃面条时，日本人民可能是世界上最大声的，这种反差会让你觉得很有趣。关系词指代先行词a nation 并
在定语从句中作主语，故填that/which。
37．考查形容词最高级。句意同上。分析句子可知，空格后有范围in the world “全世界”，此处用形容词
最高级作表语。故填the loudest。
38．考查时态语态。句意：根据生活方式网站grapee.jp，滋滋作响地吃面在日本文化中是被鼓励的。分析
句子可知，此处encourage“鼓励”为谓语动词，其与主语slurping“滋滋作响”构成被动关系，且陈述的是
客观事实，应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is encouraged。
39．考查情态动词。句意：人们相信，将空气吸入嘴里可以增强面条的风味，并有助于面条冷却。分析句
子可知，此处主语从句谓语动词为enhance“增强”，因为本句话表述的是将空气吸入嘴巴的作用，故可添
加情态动词can，表示能够起到这个作用，故填can。
40．考查强调句。句意：直到去年社交媒体上出现了一个新的表达方式——“面条骚扰”，或日语中的
“hu hara”，日本民众才开始意识到，这种滋滋作响的噪音让一些外国游客感到不舒服。分析句子可知，此
句使用了not until的强调句结构it was not until...that...，强调时间状语“直到去年”。故填that。
41．考查形容词。句意：直到去年社交媒体上出现了一个新的表达方式——“面条骚扰”，或日语中的
“hu hara”，日本民众才开始意识到，这种滋滋作响的噪音让一些外国游客感到不舒服。分析句子可知，对
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂国外的游客造成了“面条骚扰”，这说明对游客而言，这个声音令人不舒服，故形容词comfortable“舒服
的”需要改为反义词。故填uncomfortable。
42．考查不定式。句意：当一个使用刀叉的人开始发出滋滋声，刀叉会给这个人的手机传递信号，让手机
播放声音，以掩饰滋滋声。分析句子可知，此处需要使用不定式表示上文“传递信号”的目的。故填to
make。
43．考查介词。句意：据《欧洲新闻》报道，该公司表示：“叉子是解决‘面条骚扰’问题的一种方法，
随着访日游客人数的增加，尤其如此。”分析句子可知，此处需要填写介词to，构成the solution to“解
决……的办法”。故填to。
44．考查原因状语从句。句意：比如，在印度，人们用手抓饭吃，因为他们认为这样做他们能建立起一个
和食物的联系。分析句子可知，此处需要填从属连词because或者as引导原因状语从句，指出印度人那手
抓饭吃的原因。故填because/as。
45．考查过去分词。句意：然而，习惯用器皿吃饭的人可能会觉得手上沾满油和食物会很不舒服。分析句
子可知，空格处填写过去分词covered，表示“手被油腻和食品残渣覆盖”。故填covered。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46．假定你是李华，你班的新同学Peter是一名来自英国的交换生。最近，他发来邮件告诉你很难适应新
生活，感到很孤独，不知如何克服文化冲击，并因此感到苦恼。请你用英文回信给他，内容包括：
1．表示安慰；
2．提出建议。
参考词汇：文化冲击culture shock
注意：
1．词数100左右，信的开头和结尾已经为你写好，不计入总词数。
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________
Yours,
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂Li Hua
【答案】Dear peter,
I’m sorry to hear that you find it difficult to adapt to the new life. You feel lonely, and do not know how to
overcome culture shock, which makes you feel distressed. Please don’t worry. I’ll offer you some useful tips.
Firstly, traveling around the city and getting to know people here can help you get used to the new
environment soon. Secondly, you can share your stories with others, thus helping them become familiar with you in
a short period of time. In addition, it makes sense to take an active part in various group activities. In this way, not
only will you enjoy yourself, but you can also have chances to make friends.
If you have any trouble, please don’t hesitate to let me know. I’ll always be here for you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给来自英国的交换生Peter写封回信，帮助他解决难以适应
新生活的苦恼，给予安慰和建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
困难的：hard→difficult
适应：adjust→adapt
有用的：helpful→useful
机会：opportunity→chance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’ll offer you some useful tips.
拓展句：I’ll offer you some useful tips, which may help you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】You feel lonely, and do not know how to overcome culture shock, which makes you feel
distressed. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Firstly, traveling around the city and getting to know people here can help you get used to the new
environment soon. (运用了动名词短语作主语)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
They don’t mean it
Our family moved here from China two years ago, and we thought we were pretty well adjusted to American
ways. This year my parents decided to give a party on Chinese New Year and invite some of our American friends.
The party went pretty well. Our guests were amazed at the flavor of all the special foods. After the dinner, they
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂thanked us for showing them what a real Chinese New Year dinner was like.
“I loved the dishes. You and the girls must have spent hours doing all the work!” Mrs. O’Meara said to my
mother.
“The girls helped with the cutting and I’m sorry they did such a terrible job.” said Mother.
I heard a little gasp(倒吸气) from my friend Kim O’Meara, who stared wide-eyes at Mother. When I asked
what the matter was, she told me she just didn’t understand why my mother said so.
I had to laugh. “She doesn’t mean it! It’s just the way she talks.”
Seeing her still confused look, I went on explaining, “In China, parents consider it good manners to deny
praises about their children. Otherwise, it would be the same as bragging(自夸).” Kim seemed a little hesitant, but
she nodded anyway.
That Easter, the O’Mearas invited our family for dinner. Mrs. O’Meara cooked a huge ham which we enjoyed
a lot. As Mrs. O’Meara started cutting up the cake for dessert, Mother said, “I’m not sure if I can eat one more bite.
That was the best ham I’ve ever tasted!”
“Aw, that ham was terrible,” said Kim. “I bet you could do a lot better, Mrs. Yang.”
注意:1. 续写短文词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
There was a stunned (震惊的) silence around the table.
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Paragraph 2:
I finally knew how Kim had misunderstood what I had said.
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【答案】There was a stunned(震惊的) silence around the table. Kim was on the receiving end of a cold stare
from Mrs. O’Meara, whose face reddened with embarrassment. I was also shocked at my friend’s mean remark.
Clearing my throat, I finally asked, “What made you talk like that to your mother?” Kim whirled around,
seemingly furious“But you were the one who told me that saying nice things about your own family was the same
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂as bragging!” she stuttered. “I was just trying to act modest!”
I finally knew how Kim had misunderstood what I had said.“Listen, Kim,” I took her hands in mine to calm her
down, “Chinese parents might say critical things about their children to show modesty but young people are always
expected to be respectful to the elders.” Hearing this, Kim sighed deeply, her cheeks flushed. The awkward silence
was soon dispelled as the misunderstanding was erased. Drooping her head, Kim apologized for her impolite
behavior. Mrs. O’Meara winked at her, joking, “That’s all right. We know you didn’t mean it!”
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者妈妈举办中国新年派对，为表谦虚，说自己孩子做得很糟糕。
因为文化的差异，Kim误解了作者的话，在Kim妈妈邀请作者一家人参加复活节，Kim当面指责妈妈做得
不够好，引起了大家的震惊。在作者的解释下，理解了中西文化的差异，和自己妈妈道歉的事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“桌子周围一片让人震惊的寂静。”可知，第一段可描写因为对Kim说的话表示震惊
以及大家的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“我终于知道Kim是怎么误解我说的话了。”可知，第二段可描写作者对Kim的误解
进行解释，指出了中西文化的差异。
2.续写线索：批评妈妈做的火腿——大家震惊——误解作者的话——进行解释中西文化的差异——Kim给
妈妈道歉
3.词汇激活
行为类
①道歉：apologize to sb for sth /make an apology to sb
②冷静：calm down/stay calm
③尊重：be respectful to sb/show respect for sb
情绪类
①尴尬：reddened with embarrassment /embarrassed
②震惊的：stunned /astonished/ amazed
【点睛】[高分句型1] Kim was on the receiving end of a cold stare from Mrs. O’Meara, whose face reddened
with embarrassment.（whose引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2] But you were the one who told me that saying nice things about your own family was the same as
bragging!” she stuttered. （who引导的定语从句，that引导宾语从句）
[高分句型3] Hearing this, Kim sighed deeply, her cheeks flushed.（现在分词做伴随状语，运用了独立主格结
构）
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