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上海交通大学附属中学202 3-2024学年度第一学期
高三英语十月月考试卷
（满分150分，120分钟完成。答案请写在答题纸上。）
I. 听力理解（25'）
A节
说明：在A部分，您将听到两位演讲者之间的十次简短对话。在每次对话结束时，都会问一个关于所说内
容的问题。对话和问题只会说一次。在你听到一个对话和关于它的问题后，阅读论文上的四个可能的答
案，并确定哪一个是你所听到的问题的最佳答案。
1. A. 去赶下一班火车。 B.听取流量报告。
C.乘坐其他交通工具前往市区。 D. 查看周末时间表。
2.一个。到达那里并不需要很长时间。 二. 讲座被推迟了。
C.没有必要着急。 D.讲座已经开始。
3. 一. 这个女人应该早点去巴黎。
二. 他在高中时以不同的方式学习法语。
C.巴黎的生活帮助提高了女性的语言技能。
D. 这个女人在巴黎一定有一位好老师。
4. 一. 她认为邮局就在附近。 二. 她还在寻找邮局。
C.她认为男人的猜测是对的。 D. 她不知道邮局在哪里。
5. 一. 她的外套和男人的相似。 二. 男人不必带外套。
C.她的毛衣不够保暖。 D. 这个男人不应该穿毛衣。
6. 一. 确保登记处没有犯错。
B.决定是否在第一周放弃课程。
三. 了解稍后课程中是否有某个地点开放。
D. 参加明年的创意写作课程。
7. 一. 他最近在纽约呆了一个月。 二. 他可以推荐很多事情来做。
C.他建议女人延长她的旅行。 D. 他打赌那个女人会在那里玩得开心。
8. 一. 失望。 二. 兴奋。 C. 骄傲。 D.尴尬。
9. 一. 他说话比以前少了。 B.他最近没有时间打网球。
C.他不应该表现得如此骄傲。 D. 赛后他从未和她说过话。
10. 一. 这名男子应该早点检查他的车。
B.汽车检测中心总是有很多人。
C.她等的时间比那个男人长，才让她的车接受检查。
D. 汽车检测中心将于月底关闭。
B节
说明：在 B部分，您将听到⼏个较⻓的对话和简短的段落，并且您将被问到有关每个对话和段落的几个问
题。对话和段落将被阅读两次，但问题只会说一次。当您听到一个问题时，请阅读试卷上的四个可能答
案，并确定哪一个是您听到的问题的最佳答案。
问题11至13基于以下段落。
11. 一. 卡车超速行驶。 二.卡车的重载。
C.恶劣的天气。 D. 行人的粗心大意。
12. 一. 几家工厂的搬迁。 二. 公司的薪酬报价。
C. 高失业率。 D. 工会的要求。
13. 一. 今年将增加三分之一。
B. 在过去五年中，它们一直在上升。
三. 英国房屋的平均价格为255,900英镑。
D. 它们使房地产阶梯上的人很难买房。
问题 14 至 16 基于以下段落。
14. A. 是什么导致外部恐惧。 二. 为什么老鼠是特别可怕的动物。
三. 恐惧是否遗传。 D. 动物对可怕情况的反应。
15. 一. 他们在盒子周围徘徊。 二. 他们一次又一次地繁殖。
三. 他们找不到藏身之处。 D.他们仍然靠近一堵墙。
16. 一. 神经系统的一些变化。 二. 来自人类的干扰。
C.大脑中神经细胞的大小。 D. 某些神经细胞的存在。
问题 17 到 20 基于以下对话。
17. 一.在女人的家乡。 二.在男人的家乡。
C.在家乡之外。 D.在一个小镇上。
18. A.选择任何朋友可以敬酒。
B.选择任何可以计划接待的朋友。
C.选择认识所有姻亲的朋友。
D.选择任何对婚礼了解很多的朋友。
19. 一.新娘的家人。 二.婚礼策划师。
C.新郎的家人。 D.新婚夫妇。
20. 一.她不认为这是一种传统。
B.她认为婆婆可以很好地策划婚礼。
C.她认为有一个婚礼策划师会花费太多。
D.她不希望她的婚礼由她不认识的人负责。
II. 语法和词汇 （20'）
A节
说明：阅读下面的段落后，填写空白，使段落连贯且语法正确。对于具有给定单词的空白，请用给定单词
的正确形式填写每个空白; 对于其他空白，请使用最适合每个空白的单词。
(A)
什么是马铃薯的涅槃（涅槃、超脱）？在____21____（出现）作为炸薯条之前切片并沐浴在沸油中？让它
的重量与黄油和奶油相匹配，并变成光荣的土豆泥堆？不。答案可以在塑料袋中找到。对于一个土豆来
说，没有比最终吃一包Tayto奶酪和洋葱薯片更崇高的命运了。Taytos是完美的薯片。该公司由Joe Murphy于1954年在爱尔兰成立。他不是薯片的发明者，但他被认为改
变了薯片。在那之前，没有办法给单个薯片调味____22____。取而代之的是，每个袋子都附有一小包蓝色
盐____23____（摇晃）。
墨菲从人造奶酪和洋葱开始。搭配是经典的，味道与土豆搭配得很好。“土豆，”____25____（写）爱尔兰
最伟大的诗人之一谢默斯·希尼（Seamus Heaney）“承诺土地和根的味道”。____26____（诗意）可能会用
一些平淡来形容它们。然而，撒上墨菲调味料的咸鲜味（鲜味），它们成为一种降价的感觉。
Taytos仍然是经典的爱尔兰薯片，但现在它们可以在其他地方买到，____27____，当然，许多其他品牌的
调味薯片都是。这是喜忧参半的祝福。曾几何时，即使是工业生产的食品范围也有限。旅行不仅要发现其
他地方的烹饪，还要发现小吃。去法国是一个机会，可以喝一瓶Orangina，一种碳酸饮料。对我来说，
Taytos是____28____一年一次的款待，在爱尔兰西南部的海滩上吃，在冰冷的游泳后发抖或在山顶出汗。
由于全球化的粮食系统和思乡移民的胃口，这些物品现在远远超出了他们的原籍地。
这种转变导致失去了适度的快乐。乍一看，一袋Taytos与季节性或当地食品相反。____29____（附）它们
在银色的塑料中，在所有季节和地点都能生存。然而，至少对我来说，这些土豆零食与它们的爱尔兰根源
纠缠在一起。巧妙的调味料味道应该没有什么不同____30____我在伦敦的公园或墨菲的家乡。但不知何
故，它确实如此。
(B)
Are you afraid of getting old? ____31____ ____31____ ____31____we get past the age of 25, many of
us immediately feel the urge to stop the signs of ageing — especially the visible ones. Men and women are
now using topical “anti-ageing” creams, spa treatments and medical procedures ____32____(counter) many of
them.
____33____ these methods can somewhat affect the way you look, ageing is an internal process. A new
study has found exactly when during your lifetime this process peaks.
A group of scientists based out of the Stanford University School of Medicine have discovered that
____34____ ____34____ being a smooth, continuous process, ageing surges forward at three distinct stages
of life: first, at the age of 34, then at age 60, and finally at 78.
The study, published in Nature Medicine, reveals that scientists can not only predict your age by studying
the proteome (protein levels in the blood) but also determine which organs are ageing faster than ____35____
____35____, and which age-related diseases your body is more likely to develop. The study measured plasma
proteins(血浆蛋白) collected from 4,263 adults between the ages of 18-95 years and studied the changes in
the proteome that occurred with age.
Their ultimate goal was to understand how to identify the changes associated with cardiovascular issues
and age-related diseases like Alzheimer's ____36____ ____36____ therapeutic treatments can be devised to
counter their onset while there's still time.
Dr Tony Wyss-Coray, one of the leading members of the study, told Stanford Medicine News Center,
“We've known for a long time that ____37____(measure) certain proteins can give you information about a
person's health status — lipoproteins(脂蛋白) for cardiovascular(心血管的) health, for example. But it
____38____(not appreciate) that so many different proteins' levels — roughly a third of all the ones we
looked at — change markedly with advancing age.”
This difference between the chronological(按时间计算的) and physiological(生理的) age, according to
the scientists' “plasma-protein clock”, showed that a lot of people in the study seemed younger than they
actually are. What's more, the study also confirmed that men and women, though equally
____39____(represent) in the study, age differently.
Does this mean medications and lifestyle methods, with further research, can also be devised to help
____40____ ages too rapidly and is at risk of contracting age-related diseases like hypertension and
Alzheimer's? You never know.
Section B:
Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used
once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. inclusively B. case C. disciplinary D. concerned E. right F. decisive
G. account H. throw I. dismissed J. recover K. seriously
The British Museum has sacked a member of staff and imposed “emergency measures” to increase secu‐
rity after it found items from its collection to be missing.
It launched an independent review of security after items including gold jewellery and gems of
semiprecious stones and glass dating from the 15th century BC to the 19th century AD were found to be
missing, stolen or damaged.
Legal action against the ____41____ member of staff will be taken and the matter is also being
investigated by the economic crime command of the Metropolitan police.
George Osborne, the museum’s chair, said: “The trustees of the British Museum were extremely
____42____ when we learned earlier this year that items of the collection had been stolen.
“The trustees have taken ____43____ action to deal with the situation, working with the team at the
museum. We called in the police, imposed emergency measures to increase security, set up an independentreview into what happened and lessons to learn, and used all the ____44____ powers available to us to deal
with the individual we believe to be responsible.
“Our priority is now threefold: first, to ____45____ the stolen items; second, to find out what, if
anything, could have been done to stop this; and third, to do whatever it takes, with investment in security and
collection records, to make sure this doesn’t happen again.
“This incident only reinforces the ____46____ for the reimagination of the museum we have embarked
upon. It’s a sad day for all who love our British Museum, but we’re determined to ____47____ the wrongs
and use the experience to build a stronger museum.”
Hartwig Fischer, the museum’s director, said: “This is a highly unusual incident. We take the
safeguarding of all the items in our care ____48____. The museum apologises for what has happened, but we
have now brought an end to this – and we are determined to put things right. We have already tightened our
security arrangements and we are working alongside outside experts to complete a definitive ____49____ of
what is missing, damaged and stolen. This will allow us to ____50____ our efforts into our work to ensure the
stolen items are returned to the museum.”
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.
Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
I own a market research company, so I understand the importance of gathering data from your target audi‐
ence and using that data in order to make product development. I also know that surveys can provide
____51____ information that's extremely valuable to our clients.
But the quality of the data you get as an output from surveys is only as strong as how well you
____52____ the survey questions. One of the main pitfalls I see teams make is writing leading questions that
might get the company results they want to hear, but those results are not always ____53____.
Below are common ways I've seen companies ask leading questions and how to avoid them:
1. Don't make assumptions for your participants.
“How well do you think we delivered on your project?” implies your team did a good job. To make it
more objective, ____54____ to ask, “How did we deliver on your project?” It's a subtle change, but the sec‐
ond question takes out the implicit bias.
2. Balance the options from which participants can choose.
Let's say you want to know the level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction customers have with your product
or service. If you ask this in a multiple-choice format, you need to ensure the ____55____ is balanced for
both positive and negative responses. The following options, for example, would not work:
• Extremely satisfied
• Very satisfied
• Satisfied
• Somewhat unsatisfied
• Unsatisfied
As a rule of thumb, if you have “extremely” on the positive end, you should have “extremely” on the
negative side as well, and give a(n) ____56____ option in the middle of the scale.
3. Don't 'lead the witness' (or participant).
Again, if you're seeking ____57____ (and you should have started with knowing why you're conducting
the survey in the first place), you don't want to put statements in front of a question that will lead participants
to ____58____ in a certain way.
____59____, my company works a lot with educational technology companies. We would never write a
question such as this: “Most of the people who use this educational technology product say that the adaptive
and personalized nature of the product is better than others on the market. What do you think?” This is
because, now, the participant knows exactly what we want them to think.
4. Avoid double-barrel questions.
Be mindful about including two questions in one and ____60____ how a participant can respond. Say you
ran an event for customers; you wouldn't want to ask, “What do you think about the location and the quality
of the speakers?” and then have multiple choice options where they are really only able to respond to one
question.
They might have loved the venue but hated your presenters. The ____61____ of the data you gather is
compromised when you put questions together.
5. Don't write coercive questions.
These questions don't sit well. In my experience, they tend to come up more in customer ____62____ sur‐
veys and employee surveys when you really want to be able to highlight the positives. Examples of coercive
questions include: "You'll leave us a positive Google Review, won't you?" "You'll tell your friends to visit our
restaurant, right?" Naturally, these are full of bias, so they should be avoided ____63____.
Know what the goals of your survey are. If you want to get data that ____64____ biases, yes, leading
questions can help you get those data points. But the integrity of the data cannot be trusted when you're not
writing questions in a(n) ____65____ way for your participants to answer.51. A. quantitative B. controversial C. mysterious D. proper
52. A. craft B. pave C. tempt D. anchor
53. A. delightful B. dominant C. accurate D. independent
54. A. repeat B. rephrase C. restore D. refresh
55. A. portion B. category C. thread D. scale
56. A. random B. informative C. sacred D. neutral
57. A. instinct B. gratitude C. truth D. harmony
58. A. reverse B. respond C. deny D. compete
59. A. In addition B. For instance C. After all D. Above all
60. A. limiting B. spilling C. inserting D. distracting
61. A. integrity B. endurance C. exploitation D. highlight
62. A. discrimination B. satisfaction C. transition D. perseverance
63. A. on good terms B. by no means C. at all costs D. to some extent
64. A. conserves B. entitles C. seals D. includes
65. A. isolated B. objective C. selected D. reflective
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best
according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
In winter, Hammerfest is a thirty-hour ride by bus from Oslo, though why anyone would want to go there
in winter is a question worth considering. It is on the edge of the world, the northernmost town in Europe, a
place of dark and fierce winters, where the sun sinks into the Arctic Ocean in November and does not rise
again for ten weeks.
I wanted to see the Northern Lights...but now as l picked my way through Oslo in late December. I was
beginning to have my doubts.
Things had not started well. I had overslept at the hotel, missing breakfast, and had to leap into my
clothes. I couldn't find a taxi and had to drag my over-weighted bag eight blocks to the central bus station. I
had had huge difficulty persuading the staff at the Kreditkassen Bank on Karl Johans Gate to cash sufficient
traveller's cheques to pay the 1,200-kroner bus fare------they simply could not be made to grasp that the
William McGuire Bryson on my passport and the Bill Bryson on my traveller's cheques were both me-and
now here l was arriving at the station two minutes before departure...and the girl at the ticket counter was
telling me that she had no record of my reservation.
'This isn't happening,' I said. 'I'm still at home in England enjoying Christmas...'Actually, I said, 'There
must be some mistake. Please look again.'
The girl studied the passenger list. 'No, Mr Bryson, your name is not here.'
But I could see it, even upside-down. 'There it is, second from the bottom.'
'No,' the girl decided, 'that says Bernt Bjornson. That's a Norwegian name.'
'It doesn't say Bernt Bjorson. It says Bill Bryson. Look at the y, the two ls. Miss, please,’ But she
wouldn't have it. 'If I miss this bus, when does the next one go?'
'Next week at the same time.'
Oh, splendid.
'Miss, believe me, it says Bill Bryson.'
'No, it doesn't.'
'Miss, look, I've come from England. I'm carrying some medicine that could save a child's life.' She
didn't buy this. 'l want to see the manager.'
'He's in Stavanger.'
'Listen, I made a reservation by telephone. If I don't get on this bus, I'm going to write a letter to your
manager that will cast a shadow over your career prospects for the rest of this century.' This clearly did not
alarm her. Then it struck me. 'If this Bemt Bjorson doesn't show up, can l have this seat?'
'Sure.'
Why don't I think of these things in the first place...?
'Thank you,' I said...
66. What can be learned from the passage about Hammerfest?
A. It is located in the South of the city of Oslo.
B. It is where the Northern Lights can be seen.
C. It remains a town without sufficient power supply.
D. It remains in the darkness from November till next March.
67. The writer got to the station just two minutes before the train's departure because he spent much time
_____.
A. cashing his traveller's cheques B. finding a place to have breakfast
C. waiting for a taxi to send him there D. choosing suitable clothes to wear
68. By “Oh, splendid”, the writer meant that he actually felt _____.
A. puzzled B. amazed C. worried D. relieved
69. Why did the writer say he was carrying some medicine and he would write to the manager?A. To tell the girl what he really wanted to do.
B. To show the girl how angry he was with her.
C. To warn the girl of the potential consequences.
D. To persuade the girl to give him a seat on the bus.
(B)
Care for a zoom-in observation of animals with no bars between you and the observed as opposed to or‐
dinary zoos? Where to have close-up encounters with some of the world’s most rare animals？We are reveal‐
ing for you：
1.Right whales, Bay of Fundy, Canada
Northern right whales are on the brink of extinction, but survivors arrive in the Bay of Fundy each sum‐
mer (May through October) to feed east of Grand Manan Island. They are recognized by a broad back and no
dorsal fin, which distinguish them from other whales entering the bay.
Planning: Whale-watching tours operate out of Digby Neck peninsula on Nova Scotia and nearby is‐
lands, such as Brier Island. St. Andrews. Grand Manan Island. and Deer Island.
2. Grizzly bears, Alaska
Grizzlies like salmon. In mid-July and again in mid-August, grizzlies make for Alaskan rivers to hook
out the fish with their formidable claws. The bears gather in large numbers at rapids and pools, sometimes
fighting for the best sites. Brooks Falls in Katmai National Park, and Fish Creek, near Hyder, have viewing
platforms.
Planning: Most fishing sites are reached by chartered light aircraft and a hike. Hyder is off the Swart-
Cassiar Highway.
3. Monarch butterflies, Sierra Chincua, Mexico
Each fall, millions of North American monarch butterflies migrate thousands of miles to the oyalmel fir
forests of the Transvolcanic Mountain Range, in the state of Mchoacdn. They flock intimately(closely) on tree
trunks, bushes, and on the ground, fully showing their gregarious nature and occupy Sierra Chincua and four
neighbouring hills that make up the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve.
Planning: Chineua is one of two hills in the reserve open to the public from November through March.
4.Komodo dragons, Komodo Island, Indonesia
Landing on Komodo, you would feel like stepping back to a time when dinosaurs ruled the Earth, as park
maps reported, “Here be dragons!” This mountainous volcanic island is home to the world's largest living
lizard--- the Komodo dragon. Weighing 79 to 91 kg. the Komodo dragon has a tail as long as its body. You
can hike to a viewpoint at Banugulung and watch as park rangers feed food to the lizards, some of which are
more than 10 ft (3 m) long.
Planning: Komodo is reached solely by boat from Bima (on eastern Sumbawa) or Labuan Bajo (on
western Flores).
5. Wildebeest migration, Serengeti, Tanzania
Undoubtedly the world's most spectacular wildlife sight is the annual wildebeest migration, when 1. 4
million wildebeest and 200, 000 zebras and gazelles are on the move across the Serengeti plains. The animals
are trekking to chase the clean water and fresh grass. Along the way, lions and hyenas stalk them, and croco‐
diles lie in wait.
Planning: The herds migrate across Tanzania from December through July, and then pass through the
Masai Mara in Kenya in August and September.
70. The underlined word gregarious is closest in meaning to ________________ .
A. being able to climb B. preferring group living
C. migrating in small numbers D. moderate in temper
71. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. Right whales are distinguished from other whales by unique appearance features.
B. Viewing spots for grizzly bears are accessible by air and on foot.
C. Komodo Island is located east of Flores and West of Sumbawa
D. Wildebeest herds travel to pursue favourable food conditions.
72. Li Hua is an adventurous visitor longing for closer look at animals. He is taking a gap year and doing
voluntary work now in Indonesia. He will go back to China and further his study next fall. Which of the
following will be the most reasonable wildlife-watching route after he finishes his voluntary work this
winter?
A. Alaska→Bay of Fundy→Sierra Chincua→Serengeti
B. Serengeti→Alaska→Bay of Fundy→Sierra Chincua
C. Bay of Fundy→Sierra Chincua→Serengeti→Alaska
D. Sierra Chincua→Serengeti→Alaska→Bay of Fundy
(C)
Many Americans harbor a false and exaggerated view of most of the risks surrounding food. Fergus
Clydesdale, head of the department of food science and nutrition at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst,
points out that if the dangers from bacterially polluted chicken were as great as some people believe, “the
streets would be littered with people lying here and there.”
Though the public increasingly demands no-risk food, there is no such thing. Bruce Ames, chairman of
the biochemistry department at the University of California, Berkeley, points out that up to 10% of a plant’sweight is made up of natural pesticides. Says he: “Since plants do not have jaws or teeth to protect them‐
selves, they employ chemical warfare.” And many naturally produced chemicals, though occurring in tiny
amounts, prove in laboratory tests to be strong carcinogens-a substance which can cause cancer. Mushrooms
might be banned if they were judged by the same standards that apply to food additives. Declares Christina
Stark, a nutritionist at Cornell University: “We’ve got far worse natural chemicals in the food supply than
anything man-made.”
Yet the issues are not that simple. While Americans have no reason to be terrified to sit down at the din‐
ner table, they have every reason to demand significant improvements in food and water safety. They uncon‐
sciously and unwillingly take in too much of too many dangerous chemicals. If food already contains natural
carcinogens, it does not make much sense to add dozens of new man-made ones. Though most people are sub‐
ject to the small amounts of pollutants generally found in food and water, at least a few individuals will prob‐
ably get cancer one day because of what they eat and drink.
To make good food and water supplies even better, the Government needs to tighten its regulatory stan‐
dards, enhance its inspection program and strengthen its enforcement policies. The food industry should mod‐
ify some long-accepted practices or turn to less risky alternatives. Perhaps most important, consumers will
have to do a better job of learning how to handle and cook food properly. The problems that need to be tack‐
led exist all along the food-supply chain, from fields to processing plants to kitchens.
73. What does the author think of the Americans’ view of their food?
A. They overstate the government’s interference with the food industry.
B. They are overoptimistic about the safety of their food.
C. They overestimate the risk of the food they eat.
D. They overlook the potential danger caused by the food.
74. The author considers it impossible to obtain no-risk food because ________.
A. no food is free from pollution in the environment
B. pesticides are widely used in agriculture
C. many vegetables contain dangerous natural chemicals
D. almost all foods have hazardous additives
75. By saying “they employ chemical warfare” (Para. 2), Bruce Ames means “________”.
A. plants produce certain chemicals to resist pests and diseases
B. plants absorb useful chemicals to promote their growth
C. farmers use man-made chemicals to dissolve the natural chemicals in plants
D. farmers use chemicals to protect plants against pests and diseases
76. What is the message the author wants to convey in the passage?
A. Eating and drinking have become more dangerous than before due to additives.
B. Sweeping measures must be taken immediately to ensure safety in food industry.
C. Healthy food is a distant dream in the modern society, remaining to be realized.
D. There is reason for caution but no cause for alarm with regard to food consumption.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each
sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. They differ in how they space the syllables in a sentence.
B. Unlike other languages, English is unusually rich in consonant (辅音) clusters.
C. French-speakers are familiar with a U.S. city called yoos-TON, not the English HYOO-ston.
D. In “civilisation” the primary and secondary stress is on the 4th and 1st syllable respectively.
E. There is much more to learning a foreign accent than the sounds that the letters on the page represent.
F. As with chemistry, the important thing is not just how the elements behave in isolation, but how they co
me together.
Why you have an accent in a foreign language
Open a textbook for a foreign language, the first thing you see is an alphabet, listing the letters and the
sounds they represent. This is obviously crucial for unfamiliar systems, say those of Greek or Russian. But
even for languages that rely on the Latin alphabet, the guide will explain how accent marks change a letter’s
pronunciation, and strange features such as the -gl- in Italian.
And with that, it’s off to master greetings, vocabulary and so on, with little further thought for
pronunciation. This is a shame. ____87____ To begin with, the rough equivalents given in English are often
quite rough indeed. In French, the p in Paris sounds rather different from the p in English, a contrast often
neglected in textbooks: the French version lacks the strong puff of air of the English one.
Even when textbooks or instructors mention this sort of difference, the next step is often missing.
____88____ Each language has rules for these combinations, which native speakers generally grasp but don’t
or can’t explain.
Consider an easy example. All French words are stressed on the final syllable, a rule typically explained
in textbooks. But the importance of the rule is often underplayed. It applies not only to French words but to
any foreign name: ____79____ The final stress is quite obvious. Meanwhile, English words often have a
secondary as well as a primary stress. In French, the final-syllable stress is so strong as to leave little room
for any other.Next, languages differ in what linguists call phonotactics (音位配列学) —in effect, what is a permissible
syllable and what isn’t. The p in psychology is silent because English phonotactic rules do not allow native
words to begin with ps- sounds. The rule about beginnings means that even if you encourage them to
pronounce the p in psychotic, they tend to insert an extra vowel, and say puh-sychotic.
Another reason people are betrayed by their accents in other tongues is that a language’s rhythm can be
hard to pin down. ____80____ Italian, for instance, are “syllable-timed”: every syllable has roughly similar
duration. English is “stress-timed”, meaning that stressed syllables occur at roughly regular intervals, the
remainder tending to be less distinctly pronounced. This is how you could distinguish Italian from English
being spoken through a wall, even without being able to make out any individual sounds or words.
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The Beneficial Effects of Forest Fires
Forest fires are undoubtedly a threat. In the mid-1900s, all forest burns were considered undesirable, and
firefighters responded to all of these fires whether or not they were burning close to where humans lived. This
approach to forest fires was both expensive and risky. However, more recently forest managers began to see
that forest fires did have benefits. Foresters saw that forest fires were beneficial for trees and soil.
Previously, people believed that forest fires caused irreparable damage to trees; however, now forest
managers know that trees are the major beneficiaries of fires. Many naturally occurring forest fires, often
caused by lightning strikes, are surface fires that burn the understory---the shrubs and herbs from the forest---
without damaging the trees in the overstory. In this way, the fire eliminates competition from the smaller
trees, allowing the larger trees to flourish. Once the understory has been burned away, the forest is less likely
to burn from high-temperature fires that can do real damage to the tall trees.
In the past, it was not obvious how forest fires enriched the soil. Today, foresters understand that forest
fires improve soil quality by changing the ‘litter’----dead leaves and branches on the forest floor----to
nutrient-rich soil. Normally, litter decomposes very slowly. However, fire releases the nutrients in the litter
immediately. This creates an increase in the amount of phosphorus and potassium which are key elements that
promote tree growth.
As forest managers have learned more about the long-term effects of forest fires, they have realized that
forest fires can have beneficial effects and have changed their forest management practices to reflect this new
opinion. It is now recognized that forest fires are a natural part of forest ecosystems and are beneficial to the
trees and soil. As long as fires are no threat to homes and communities, foresters now often choose to do
nothing to stop the fires.
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
82. 你不澄清立场就不可能解决问题。(possibility)
83. 因为在故事中融入了古印度的历史和地理知识，这部小说成了她的代表作之一。(which)
84. 正要给保安出示露天音乐会的门票时，他突然想起来是把它给落在行李寄存柜了。(occur)
85. 据官方统计数据，过去十年里，长颈鹿的数量减少了三成，为它们寻找理想栖居地的行动刻不容
缓。 (delay)
VI. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in
Chinese.
假设你是王华，你所在的学校计划在下个月开展以“语言之美”为主题的英语月活动，活动内容包
括：(1) 语言学专家专题讲座；(2) “英语月”手绘海报评比；(3) 英语配音大赛 (English Dubbing
Contest)。现在就活 动 内容征集学生意见，保留其中两项活动，替换其中一项活动。请你写一封电子
邮件到学校信箱，内容必须包括：
1.哪两项活动值得 保 留 及原因；
2.建议将哪一项活动替换成别的什么活动，以及原因。10月月考答案
1 - 5 D CCDC 6-10 CBBCA 11-16 ABB CDD 17-20 AACD
2 1 . e m erging 22. with 23. themselves 24. to be shaken 25. wrote
26. less poetic 27. as 28. a 29. Enclosed 30. whether
31. As soon as 32. to counter 33. While / Though / Although
34. instead of 35. the others 36. so that 37. measuring
38. hasn't been appreciated 39. represented 40. whoever
41-50 IDFCJ BEKGH
51-65 AACBD DCBBA ABCDB
66-80 BACD BCD CCAD EFCA
81. Reference
Contrary to people’s expectations, forest fires benefit trees and soil. They help remove the understory,
decreasing the risk of high-temperature fires and enabling tall trees to grow better. Thanks to forest fires,
litter turns into fertile soil by releasing many significant elements, helping trees to grow. So, now foresters
often let the fire burn if it doesn’t threaten human habitation. (58 words)
82. 你不澄清立场就不可能解决问题。(possibility)
There is no possibility that you can solve / tackle the problem without clarifying your position / if you
don’t make clear your stand.
83. 因为在故事中融入了古印度的历史和地理知识，这部小说成了她的代表作之一。(which)
She integrated historical and geographical knowledge of / about ancient India into the story, which made
this novel (become) one of her masterpieces / representative works.
84. 正要给保安出示露天音乐会的门票时，他突然想起来是把它给落在行李寄存柜了。(occur)
He was about to show the security guard his ticket for the open-air concert when it occurred to him that
he had left it in the luggage locker.
85. 据官方统计数据，过去十年里，长颈鹿的数量减少了三成，为它们寻找理想栖居地的行动刻不容
缓。 (there be)
According to official statistics, there has been a 30% drop / decline / decrease in giraffe numbers / the
number of giraffe(s) over the past / last / recent decade / ten years, so the action to find ideal habitats for
them cannot be delayed.Listening Comprehension
Section A
1. M: Do you know what time the train goes into the city?
W: Normally it’s every 20 minutes. But, this’s weekend, so I’m not sure.
Q: What does the woman imply the man should do?
2. W: There you are, finally. We’d better hurry up if we expected to get a seat. The lectures start in fifteen
minutes.
M: These things never start on time. And anyway, I don’t think it would be crowded.
Q: What does the man imply?
3. W: I studied French in high school, but I never really learned it until I spent the summer in Paris.
M: Really using the language makes all the difference, doesn’t it?
Q: Where does the man mean?
4. M: Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the post office?
W: Your guess is as good as mine. I’m new around here.
Q: What does the woman mean?
5. M: Hey, that’s a great sweater you’re wearing. It looks really warm.
W: Yeah, but I wish I brought a coat like you did. It’s really freezing today.
Q: What does the woman imply?
6. W: I just found out the registration of the creative writing class is full. Now I have to wait another whole
year to get in.
M: Why don’t you check again after the first week? Somebody might drop it.
Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?
7. W: I’m going to New York on business and somebody said you were the right person to talk to about what I
can do there for fun.
M: You bet I am. But I hope you’ve got at least a month.
Q: What does the man imply?
8. M: Would you like to go to a lecture tonight in the meeting hall? It’s some guy who spent a year living in
Antarctica.
W: No kidding! I’m doing a report on Antarctica for my geography class.
Q: How does the woman feel?
9. M: You know, Tim is hard to talk to now, ever since he won that tennis game last week and got the
photograph in the local paper.
W: Yeah, I know what you mean. I guess it’s all going to his head.
Q: What does the woman mean about Tim?
10. M: You wouldn’t believe the line at the auto inspection center. I waited more than two hours to get
through it.
W: That’s what you should get for waiting until the last day of the month.
Q: What does the woman imply?
Section B
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
Good evening. I’m Peter Crane with the six o’clock news.
At least 17 people have been injured in the road accident that took place on the M1 near Leeds last night.
The police said that the truck which caused the accident was travelling about 85 miles an hour, well over the
60-mile-an-hour speed limit for heavy goods vehicles.
2,600 workers have walked out of the Peugeot car factory in Conventry in protest against the company’s
pay offer. The unions have asked for a rise of 8.5%. There’ll be a meeting between their leaders and
management later today.
The latest unemployment figures have been released for this year. They show an increase of 150, 263 on
last year’s figures. This brings the total number of the unemployed to approximately 1,490,000. The
Employment Minister says this increase has been caused by the relocation of several factories from Britain to
the Far East.
Estate agents are predicting that house prices will continue to rise this year, making it extremely difficult
for first-time buyers to get onto the property ladder. It’s estimated that house prices have increased by a third
in the last five years. The average price of a three-bedroom house in southeast England is now £255,900.
And, the weather for the weekend…
Questions:
11. Which of the following is a reason for the car accident on the M1?
12. What have workers in Coventry protested against?
13. What do estate agents say about house prices?
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following report.
This semester we’ve been looking at fear from biological perspective. While someone asked whether the
tendency to be fearful is genetic, some studies done with mice indicated that mammals do inherit fearfulness
to some degree. In one study for instance, a group of mice were place in the brightly lit open boxes with no
hiding places. Some of the mice wandered around the box and didn’t appear to be bothered about being so
exposed. But other mice didn’t move. They stayed up against one wall, which indicates that they were afraid.
When mice like this were bred with one another repeatedly, after about 12 or so generations, then all of the
mice show similar signs of fearfulness. And even when the new born mice from this generation were raised by
a mother and with other mice who were not fearful, those mice still tend to be fearful. Now, why is this? Well,
it’s thought that the specific gene in animal bodies have influenced the anxious behavior. These genes are
associated with particular nerve cells in the brain. And the degree of overall fearfulness in the mammal seems
to depend in the large part on the presence or absence of these nerve cells. And this appears to apply to
humans as well by the way.
Questions:
14. What is the talk mainly about?
15. How did some of the mice in the study show that they were afraid?
16. According to the speaker, what leads to a mammal’s tendency to be fearful?Section C
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
W: Gosh, John, I just love being back in my hometown. It’s the perfect place to get married.
M: Yeah, I guess it’s pretty good. I can’t wait for the wedding. It’s going to be a great party!
W: A party? John, this wedding is supposed to be a romantic event for you and me.
M: Yeah, that’s fine. But I’m also definitely going to party with the groomsmen at the wedding reception!
W: That’s right. We have to plan the reception too. How many people do you think will come?
M: I don’t know…but we have a pretty big wedding party, and I have a really big family.
W: That’s true! I don’t think I will be able to remember the names of all my in-laws.
M: Don’t worry. I often forget some of their names too!
W: Say, John, do you know who your best man is going to be?
M: No, I haven’t decided yet. I’ll probably choose whichever friend can give the best toast. What about your
maid of honor?
W: I haven’t had time to decide because I’ve been so busy thinking about all the other planning. We haven’t
even talked about the rehearsal dinner yet!
M: Don’t worry. The groom’s family is supposed to plan the rehearsal dinner. It’s the tradition. Let’s just get a
wedding planner to do all the work for us.
W: A wedding planner? No way! I don’t want a stranger to plan our wedding.
M: Well, if you don’t want to get a wedding planner, my mother said she would be happy to help you plan the
wedding.
Questions:
17. Where will the couple get married?
18. How will the man probably choose his best man?
19. Who is supposed to plan the rehearsal dinner?
20. Why doesn’t the woman want to get a wedding planner?
