文档内容
2026周洋鑫考研数学全程班零基础提前学作业 新浪微博@考研数学周洋鑫
2026 年考研数学零基础提前学同步作业
作业 7·导数计算解析
1
【50】【解析】(1)y= ( −cscxcotx+csc2 x ) =cscx;
cscx−cotx
x 1
(2) y=2arcsin ;
2 4−x2
1 1 lnx
(3) y= 2lnx = ;
2 1+ln2 x x x 1+ln2 x
1 1
(4) y=earctan x ;
1+x 2 x
1 1 1
(5) y= ;
lnlnx lnx x
( ) 1 −x −x
(6)y= arcsin 1−x2 = = ;
1− ( 1−x2) 1−x2 |x| 1−x2
1 1 2 1
(7) y= − =− ;
1−
1−x
2
1−x (1+x)2 (1+x) 2x(1−x)
1+x 1+x
(8) y=2sinxcosxsin ( x2) +sin2 xcos ( x2) 2x;
(9) y= ( esinxlnx) =esinxlnx sinx 1 +cosxlnx ;
x
(10)对数求导法(多乘除、多开方)
两边同时取对数,得
1
ln y = ln(x−1)+ln(x−2)−ln(x−3)−ln(x−4),
2
所以,方程两边同时对x求导,得
1 1 1 1 1 1
y= + − − ,
y 2x−1 x−2 x−3 x−4
y 1 1 1 1
因此, y= + − − ;
2 x−1 x−2 x−3 x−4
12026周洋鑫考研数学全程班零基础提前学作业 新浪微博@考研数学周洋鑫
1 x 1 sec2 x
(11)y= sec2 +sinxlntanx−cosx
x 2 2 tanx
tan
2
1 x x
= csc sec +sinxlntanx−cscx;
2 2 2
1 2e2x ex
(12)y= ex + = .
ex + 1+e2x 2 1+e2x 1+e2x
【51】【解析】(1)由题意可知,
dy
=2xf
( x2)
,
dx
d2y
=2f ( x2) +4x2f ( x2) .
dx2
(2)由题意可知,
dy
f(x)
= ,
dx f (x)
d2y f(x) f (x)− f2(x)
= .
dx2 f 2(x)
【52】【解析】(1)方程两边同时对x求导,得
dy dy
=−sin(x+ y)
1+
,
dx dx
dy −sin(x+ y)
解得 = .
dx 1+sin(x+ y)
(2)方程两边同时对x求导,得
dy dy
=ey +xey ,
dx dx
dy ey
解得 = .
dx 1−xey
【53】【答案】D
2tx
1
【解析】显然lim 1+ 为“1 ”型未定式极限,于是
t→ t
22026周洋鑫考研数学全程班零基础提前学作业 新浪微博@考研数学周洋鑫
f (x)=xlim 1+ 1 2tx =xet l → im 2txln 1+ 1 t =xe 2x t l → im tln 1+ 1 t =xe2x ,
t→ t
所以 f(x)=e2x(2x+1),应选D.
【54】【答案】D
【解析】因为g(x)=3f( f (1+3x)) f(1+3x),所以
g(0)=3f( f (1)) f(1)=3f(1) f(1)=322=12,
应选D.
【55】【答案】C
【解析】根据复合函数链式求导法则,知
f(x)=h(x)gh(x)
.
令x=2,代入得 f(2)=h(2)gh(2) ,解得h(2)=1,应选C.
【56】【答案】A
【解析】由复合函数的链式求导法则,知
df g(x)
= fg(x)g(x),
dx
于是,b= fg(1)g(1)=4f(a).
显然,当a =1时,b=4f(1)=4,应选A.
【57】【答案】B
【解析】根据复合函数的链式求导法则,知
dy 2x−1 2x−1 2x−1 3
= f = f .
dx x+1 x+1 x+1 (x+1)2
1 1
又 f(x)=lnx3 = lnx,于是
3
dy 1 2x−1 3
= ln
,
dx 3 x+1 (x+1)2
dy 1
故 =− ln2,应选B.
dx x=1 4
【58】【解析】方程两边同时对x求导,则
eyy+6y+6xy+2x=0
①
上式两边再对x求导,得
ey(y)2 +eyy+6y+6y+6xy+2=0
②
32026周洋鑫考研数学全程班零基础提前学作业 新浪微博@考研数学周洋鑫
由原方程知x=0时,y=0, 代入①式得 y(0)=0,
再将x=0,y=0, y(0)=0代入②式得y(0)=−2.
【59】【解析】由题意可知,
dy
=
y(t)
=
3+3t2
=3
( 1+t2)2
dx x(t) 1
1+t2
dy
d
d2y
=
dx
1
=6
( 1+t2)
2t
1
=12t
( 1+t2)2
,
dx2 dt dx 1
dt 1+t2
d2y
因此, =48.
dx2 t =1
2x
【60】【解析】当x0时, f(x)=−sinx;当x0时, f(x)= ,
1+x2
当x=0时,因为
f (x)− f (0) cosx−0
f(0)= lim lim =(不存在),
− x→0− x−0 x→0− x−0
所以 f (x)在x=0处不可导. 因此
−sinx, x0
f(x)=
2x
, x0
1+x2
又因为
2x
lim f(x)= lim =0,
x→0+ x→0+1+x2
lim f(x)= lim(−sinx)=0,
x→0− x→0−
所以 lim f(x)= lim f(x) f(0),即 f(x)在x=0处不连续.
x→0+ x→0−
【小课堂】当然,根据 f(0)不存在,也可以秒判 f(x)在x=0处一定不连续,这是因为
函数要在该点连续,前提得有定义.
【61】【解析】当x0时, f(x)= ( −2x−3) e − x 1 2 = 2 e − x 1 2 ,
x3
42026周洋鑫考研数学全程班零基础提前学作业 新浪微博@考研数学周洋鑫
f (x)− f (0) e − x 1 2 −0 1 − 1 令x= 1 t t
当x=0时, f(0)=lim =lim =lim e x2 = lim ,
x→0 x−0 x→0 x−0 x→0 x t→ et2
t
又当t →时,t2 →+,et2 →+,et2 t ,于是 f(0)=lim =0.
t→
et2
2 − 1
e x2,x0
所以, f(x)=x3
0, x=0
又因为
1
2 − 1 令x= t t3
lim f(x)=lim e x2 = 2lim =0= f(0)
x→0 x→0 x3 t→ et2
所以 f(x)在x=0处连续.
【62】【答案】D
xcosx−sinx
【解析】当x0时, f(x)= .
x2
当x=0时,由导数定义知
sinx 1
f(0)=lim f (x)− f (0) =lim x −1 =lim sinx−x =lim − 6 x3 =0,
x→0 x x→0 x x→0 x2 x→0 x2
进而,再利用导数定义可得
f(x)− f(0) xcosx−sinx
f(0)=lim =lim
x→0 x x→0 x3
xcosx−x+x−sinx x(cosx−1) x−sinx
=lim =lim +lim
x→0 x3 x→0 x3 x→0 x3
1 1
− x2 x3
2 6 1
=lim +lim =− ,
x→0 x2 x→0 x3 3
应选D.
【63】【答案】D
1 1 −2 1 2x2
【解析】当x0时, f(x)=arctan +x =arctan − .
x2 1 x3 x2 1+x4
1+
x4
1
xarctan
当x=0时, f(0)=lim
f (x)− f (0)
=lim
x2
=limarctan
1
=
.
x→0 x−0 x→0 x x→0 x2 2
又因为
52026周洋鑫考研数学全程班零基础提前学作业 新浪微博@考研数学周洋鑫
1 2x2 1 2x2
lim f(x)=limarctan − =limarctan −lim = −0= ,
x→0 x→0 x2 1+x4 x→0 x2 x→01+x4 2 2
所以lim f(x)= f(0),即 f(x)在x=0处连续,应选D.
x→0
2026 年考研数学零基础提前学同步作业
作业 8·不定积分计算提前学训练 40 题解析
1
【解析】(1)(1+x)15dx=(1+x)15d(x+1)= (1+x)16 +C.
16
dx 1 1 1
(2) = d(2x−5)=− (2x−5)−4 +C.
(2x−5)5 2 (2x−5)5 8
dx 1 1 ( ) 1 2
(3) = d 2x = arcsin x+C.(套公式)
3−2x2 2 ( )2 ( )2 2 3
3 − 2x
dx 1 ( ) 1 2
(4) = d 2x = arctan x+C.(套公式)
9+2x2 33 + ( 2x )2 3 2 3
x 1 1 1
(5) dx = d ( x2 +1 ) = ln ( 1+x2) +C
1+x2 2 1+x2 2
ex 1
(6) dx= d
( 1+ex)
=ln
( 1+ex)
+C.
1+ex 1+ex
x3 1 1 3 2
(7) dx= d ( 1+x4) = ( 1+x4) 3 +C
31+x4 4 31+x4 8
exdx 1
(8) = dex =arctanex +C.
1+e2x 1+e2x
lnx 2 3
(9) dx= lnxdlnx= (lnx)2 +C
x 3
arctanx 1
(10) dx=arctanxdarctanx= (arctanx)2 +C.
1+x2 2
dx 1
(11) =sec2
2x−
dx= sec2
2x−
d
2x−
4 2 4 4
cos2 2x−
4
1
= tan
2x−
+C
2 4
62026周洋鑫考研数学全程班零基础提前学作业 新浪微博@考研数学周洋鑫
dx sec2xdx 1
(12) = = dtanx
cos2 x 1+tanx 1+tanx 1+tanx
1
=2 d(tanx+1)=2 1+tanx+C
2 1+tanx
cosxdx 1 1 3
(13) = dsinx=(sinx)− 3dsinx= 3sin2x +C.
3sinx 3sinx 2
exdx 1
(14) = dex =arctanex +C.
1+e2x 1+e2x
x2 dx 1 1 2
(15) = d ( 1+x3) = 1+x3 +C.
1+x3 3 1+x3 3
x2 1 1 1 x3
(16) dx= ?d
( x3)
= arctan +C.
4+x6 3 22 + ( x3)2 6 2
1
(17)cos3xdx= ( 1−sin2 x ) dsinx=sinx− sin3x+C
3
x2 令x=sint 1 1 1
(18) dx sin2tdt = (1−cos2t)dt = t− sin2t+C
1−x2 2 2 4
1 1
= arcsinx− x 1−x2 +C .
2 2
1 1 1 1 1
(19)xsin2xdx=− xdcos2x =− xcos2x+ cos2xdx =− xcos2x+ sin2x+C.
2 2 2 2 4
1 1 1 1 1
(20)x2lnxdx= lnxdx3 = x3lnx− x2dx = x3lnx− x3 +C.
3 3 3 3 9
1 1 1 1 1
(21)xe−3xdx=− xde−3x =− xe−3x + e−3xdx =− xe−3x − e−3x +c.
3 3 3 3 9
1 1 1 x2
(22)xarctanxdx = arctanxdx2 = x2arctanx− dx
2 2 2 1+x2
1 1 1
= x2arctanx− x+ arctanx+C.
2 2 2
e−x 1
(23)ex 1− dx=exdx− dx=ex −2 x +C
x x
1 1
(24)3xexdx=(3e)x dx= (3e)x +C = 3xex +C
ln(3e) 1+ln3
23x −52x 2 5 2
(25) dx=21dx−5( )xdx=2x− ( )x +C
3x 3 2 3
ln
3
5 2
=2x− ( )x +C .
ln2−ln3 3
72026周洋鑫考研数学全程班零基础提前学作业 新浪微博@考研数学周洋鑫
x 1+cosx x+sinx
(26)cos2 dx= dx= +C
2 2 2
cos2x cos2 x−sin2 x
(27) dx= dx=sinx−cosx+C
cosx−sinx cosx−sinx
cos2x cos2 x−sin2 x
(28) dx= dx=(csc2 x−sec2 x)dx
cos2 xsin2 x cos2 xsin2 x
=−(cotx+tanx)+C
1
(29)tan10 xsec2 xdx=tan10 xd(tanx)= tan11x+C
11
1 d(arcsinx) 1
(30) dx= =− +C
(arcsinx)2 1−x2 (arcsinx)2 arcsinx
1
(31)cos2(t+)sin(t+)dx=− cos2(t+)d[cos(t+)]
1
=− cos3(t+)+C
3
x3 x(x2 +9)−9x x
(32) dx= dx=xdx−9 dx
9+x2 9+x2 9+x2
9 1 x2 9
=xdx− d(x2 +9)= − ln(x2 +9)+C
2 x2 +9 2 2
dx 1 1 1 1 x−2
(33) =
−
dx= ln +C
(x+1)(x−2) 3 x−2 x+1 3 x+1
(34)令x=3sect,所以
x2 −9
dx=3tan2tdt =3(sec2t−1)dt =3tant−3t+C
x
3
因此,回代得原式= x2 −9−3arccos +C.
x
1
(35)xtan2 xdx=x ( sec2 x−1 ) dx=xdtanx− x2
2
1
= xtanx+ln cosx − x2 +C
2
(36)x2cosxdx=x2dsinx= x2sinx−2xsinxdx = x2sinx+2xdcosx
= x2sinx+2xcosx−2cosxdx= x2sinx+2xcosx−2sinx+C
(37)ln2 xdx= xln2 x−2lnxdx= xln2 x−2xlnx+2dx
82026周洋鑫考研数学全程班零基础提前学作业 新浪微博@考研数学周洋鑫
= xln2 x−2xlnx+2x+C
x xcos2x 1
(38)xsinxcosxdx=− dcos2x=− + cos2xdx
4 4 4
xcos2x sin2x
=− + +C
4 8
x x x x x x
(39)xcos dx=2xdsin =2xsin −2sin dx=2xsin +4cos +C
2 2 2 2 2 2
1
(40) ( x2 −1 ) sin2xdx =− ( x2 −1 ) dcos2x
2
1
=− ( x2 −1 ) cos2x+xcos2xdx
2
1 1
=− ( x2 −1 ) cos2x+ xdsin2x
2 2
1 1 1
=− ( x2 −1 ) cos2x+ xsin2x− sin2xdx
2 2 2
1 3 1
=− x2 − cos2x+ xsin2x+C
2 2 2
9