文档内容
英 语
班级__________ 学号__________ 姓名__________
1. 共11页，共39道小题，满分60分。
学
2. 在练习卷和答题卡上准确填写班级、姓名和学号。
生
3. 答案一律填写在答题纸上，在练习卷上作答无效。
须
4. 将1-34小题的答案用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上；35-39小题的答案用黑色字迹签字笔
知
填写在答题卡的相应位置上。
知识运用（共14分）
一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Miss Li is our math teacher. ________ is from China.
A. She B. He C. It D. You
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：李老师是我们的数学老师。她来自中国。
考查代词辨析。She她；He他；It它；You你。根据“Miss Li”可知，是一位女性，故应用She。故选A。
2. —When is Jack’s birthday party, Helen?
—It’s ________ about four o’clock on the afternoon of March 4.
A. on B. at C. to D. in
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——海伦，杰克的生日派对是什么时候？——时间是3月4日下午4点左右。
考查介词辨析。on在……之时，后常接具体的某一天；at在，后常接时间点；to到，去；in在……期间。
根据“about four o’clock”可知，此处表示时间点，故前面应用at。故选B。
3. Hurry up, ________ we’ll be late for school!
A. and B. but C. or D. so
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：快点，否则我们上学要迟到了。
考查连词辨析。and和，并且；but但是；or否则，或者；so所以。根据“Hurry up”和“we’ll be late for
school”可知，此处为“祈使句+or+陈述句”的结构，表示“做某事，否则将会……”，or后常表示一种不
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司好的结果。故选C。
4. —Excuse me. ________ is it from here to the Science museum?
—Quite near. It’s only about half a kilometer.
A. How often B. How soon C. How much D. How far
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——打扰一下，请问从这里到科学博物馆有多远？——很近。大约只有半公里。
考查特殊疑问句。How often多久一次；How soon多久后；How much多少钱，多少；How far多远。根据
“Quite near. It’s only about half a kilometer”可知，此处在询问距离，故应用How far。故选D。
5. —Can you speak French?
—No, I ________. I can only speak a little English.
A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你会说法语吗？——不，我不会 。我只会说一点英语。
考查情态动词。can’t不会，不能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必。根据“Can you speak
French”可知，此处是询问是否具有某种能力，其答语应为“Yes, I can”或“No, I can’t”。故选A。
6. Beijing is one of ______ cities in the world.
A. famous B. more famous
C. most famous D. the most famous
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：北京是是世界上最著名的城市之一。根据题干中“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数。需
要选择形容词最高级。选项 A 为形容词原级；选项 B 为形容词比较级；选项 C 为缺少 the 的形容词最
高级；选项 D 为正确形式的形容词最高级。famous著名的，最高级是the most famous，根据题意，故选
D。
7. — Can your mother drive?
— Yes, and she usually ________ me to school.
A. drives B. drove C. is driving D. has driven
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你妈会开车吗？——是的，她经常开车送我去学校。
考查动词时态。根据“usually ”可知，时态 是一般现在时，主语是第三人称she，谓语动词用三单形式，
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司故选A。
8. I hope ________ the farm this summer vacation.
A. visit B. to visit C. visiting D. visits
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：我希望这个暑假去参观农场。
考查非谓语动词。根据“hope”可知，hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，其后接动词不定式作宾语。故选B。
9. — Anne, turn down the TV, please. I ________ on the phone.
— Oh, sorry.
A. talk B. talked C. am talking D. have talked
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——安妮，请把电视声音关小点。我正在打电话。——好的，对不起。
考查动词时态。根据“Anne, turn down the TV, please. ”可知，应是正在打电话，电视声音太大造成了影响，
空处用现在进行时，故选C。
10. —Why don’t you leave school? It’s already eight o'clock.
— Because I ____________ my homework yet.
A. don’t finish B. wasn’t finishing
C. won’t finish D. haven’t finished
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——为什么你不离开学校？已经八点了。——因为我还没有完成我的作业。
考查现在完成时的用法。根据“Why don’t you leave school?”可知，强调对现在的影响，故用现在完成时，
故选D。
11. A lot of trees ________ along Di’an Men West Street last year.
A. plant B. planted C. are planted D. were planted
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：去年，沿着地安门西大街种植了大量的树木。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last year”可知，句子应用一般过去时，故排除选项A和C。根据“A
lot of trees”并结合选项单词plant可知，“树”和“种植”为被动关系，故此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，
其结构为“was/were+过去分词”。故选D。
12. My father has bought me a present today, but I don’t know ________.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司A. what is it B. what it is C. what was it D. what it was
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：我爸爸今天给我买了一个礼物，但我不知道是什么。
考查宾语从句。根据“I don’t know”可知，空格处为宾语从句，故应用陈述句语序，排除选项A和C。根
据“My father has bought me a present today”可知，我不知道它是什么，这是叙述的一个事实，再结合语境
可知，此处应用一般现在时。故选B。
二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
The Girl No One Talked To
Last year there was a girl at our school. Almost no one ever talked to her. I think it was because she seldom
showered, and she kind of smelled bad. Her name was Cindy. We always got on the school bus at the same bus stop.
Cindy didn’t have many friends. She seemed like a nice girl—who had an odor (气味) problem.
One day, I was walking up to the bus stop and I saw Carl making fun of her. I couldn’t hear what he was saying,
but I saw the way he was laughing and rolling his eyes in his ____13____ poking-fun-at-you way. I also saw how
sad it made Cindy. Holding her notebook tightly to her chest like a shield, she stared (盯着) at the ground and
____14____ as far away from him as possible without leaving the bus stop completely. As soon as I got close
enough, I glared at Carl to make him stop laughing. But he didn’t. So I walked over and stood closer to Cindy so she
wouldn’t feel quite so bad. It was when you just knew someone needed someone to be a friend.
She looked up from the ground and she whispered, “Hi.”
“Hi,” I said. Then as loudly as I could, I said, “Don’t pay any attention to Carl. His parents have been
____15____ in teaching him some manners.”
By now everyone there was talking with a friend. Quietly, and with a(n) ____16____ look on her face, Cindy
said, “I don’t know why everyone hates me.”
I was surprised at her words. “No one hates you,” I told her.
“Then why don’t I have any friends?” she asked.
Her question took me by surprise. I thought for a moment. “Well,” I began, wondering if I could tell her that
maybe it was because she smelled so awful, “I think you’re smart, and you dress okay, and…”
“So then, what is it?”
“Well,” I hedged (躲闪) and then figured it’s now or never. “Maybe it’s because you…” I paused because I
almost said “stink” but instead, “don’t smell so good.”
She looked up, ____17____ my face as if checking to see if I was making fun of her or being mean. I guess
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司she decided I wasn’t. She nodded, like she believed what I said was true. Since she seemed to take this well, I added, “I
think you’d probably make more friends if you took more baths.” She looked away. Worried that I might have gone
too far, I shrugged and added, “It’s just a(n) ____18____.”
Turning back to face me, Cindy took a deep breath and said, “Thank you.” I was so relieved (放松的), and the
next moment the bus arrived, and all the kids started piling on.
“If I ____19____ a seat for you on the bus tomorrow,” she asked, “Will you sit with me?”
“Sure,” I said.
I’m happy to report that Cindy did take more baths from that day on. And it wasn’t too long before she started
to make friends at school. I was one of them.
I made the ____20____ for the better in Cindy’s life. And got a new friend, too!
13. A. awful B. favourite C. typical D. private
14. A. looked B. moved C. passed D. pushed
15. A. impatient B. unconfident C. hopeless D. unsuccessful
16. A. serious B. active C. strict D. quiet
17. A. holding B. studying C. picturing D. covering
18. A. thought B. joke C. expression D. habit
19. A. buy B. leave C. set D. save
20. A. choice B. decision C. difference D. plan
【答案】13. C 14. B 15. D 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】文本为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了女孩辛迪因为身上有异味，所以在学校没人搭理她，有一天，
作者去公交车站的时候，看到卡尔在取笑辛迪，作者就站在辛迪身边制止卡尔，并建议辛迪多洗澡，没过
多久，她就开始在学校交朋友了，作者让辛迪的生活变得更好了。
【13题详解】
句意：我听不清他在说什么，但我看到了他笑的样子，他用他典型的打趣的方式翻白眼。
awful糟糕的；favourite最爱的；typical典型的；private私人的，隐私的。根据“I saw the way he was
laughing and rolling his eyes”和“poking-fun-at-you way”可知，这种取笑人的方式是他特有的，故应是“典
型的”。故选C。
【14题详解】
句意：她把笔记本像盾牌一样紧紧地抱在胸前，盯着地面，在没有完全离开车站的情况下，尽量远离他。
looked看；moved移动；passed通过；pushed推。根据“as far away from him as possible without leaving the
bus stop completely”和语境可知，辛迪是在尽可能地远离卡尔。故选B。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【15题详解】
句意：他父母没能教会他一些礼仪。
impatient不耐烦的；unconfident缺乏信心的；hopeless无望的；unsuccessful不成功的，失败的。根据“I
glared at Carl to make him stop laughing. But he didn’t”可推测出，是他的父母没能教会他一些礼仪，根据“in
teaching...”可知，be unsuccessful in doing sth.“没能成功做某事”。故选D。
【16题详解】
句意：现在每个人都在和朋友聊天。辛迪脸上带着严肃的表情平静地说：“我不知道为什么每个人都讨厌
我。”
serious严肃的；active积极地；strict严格的；quiet安静的。根据“I don’t know why everyone hates me”可推
测出，说这句话时，脸上应该是严肃的表情。故选A。
【17题详解】
句意：她抬起头来，仔细端详着我的脸，好像在看我是在取笑她还是不怀好意。
holding抓住；studying研究；picturing描绘；covering覆盖。根据“She looked up”和“as if checking to see
if I was making fun of her or being mean”可知，她抬起头来是在研究我是否是在取笑她还是不怀好意。故选
B。
【18题详解】
句意：这只是一个想法。
thought想法；joke玩笑；expression表情；habit习惯。根据“I think you’d probably make more friends if you
took more baths”可知，这是作者认为的，故是一个想法。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：“如果我明天在公共汽车上给你留个座位，”她问，“你愿意和我一起坐吗？”
buy买；leave落下，离开；set放，置；save保留。根据“Will you sit with me”可知，此处表示“留座
位”save a seat。故选D。
【20题详解】
句意：我让辛迪的生活变得更好。
choice选择；decision决定；difference差异；plan计划。根据“I made the”和“for the better in Cindy’s life”
可知，我让辛迪的生活变得更好，make the difference“对……有影响”。故选C。
阅读理解（共36分）
三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最
佳选项。（共28分，每小题2分）
A
Tips for How to Work Together
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司There are many times in school and beyond when you will need to work with other people. You may be working
together to complete a project, make a decision, discuss a book, or achieve a goal.
No matter the situation, there are four words that will make your experience of working together the best it can
be: prepare, listen, respect, and respond. Here are some guidelines to get you started.
21. According to the passage, you may be working together to ________.
A. play a game B. take a trip
C. discuss a book D. attend a class
22. If you want to get prepared, you should ________.
A. have an open mind B. express your views clearly
C. look at people as they speak D. research your topic
23. When you give your coworker a thumbs up, you ________.
A. respect others’ comments B. use encouraging body language
C. know your role in the group D. have some questions to ask
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何一起工作的技巧，重点在四个词，分别是准备、倾听、
尊重和回应。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“You may be working together to complete a project, make a decision, discuss a book, or
achieve a goal”可知，你们可能在一起完成一个项目，做一个决定，讨论一本书，或者实现一个目标。故选
C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Prepare”和“Research your topic”可知，如果你想有所准备，你应该研究一下你的主题。
故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据“...but most of the time I give them a thumbs up”和“Use encouraging body languages”可推
测出，当你给他们点赞时，你在使用鼓励的肢体语言。故选B。
B
Once upon a time, there was a girl named Heather. She loved her home. It was a big, two-floored house. She
had lived there for practically her whole life. “Heather, will you please come downstairs? I need to talk to you
about something important.” Her mother said, from downstairs. It was a chilly winter night. “Yes, mother!” Heather
said, then came downstairs. “What’s up?” She asked her parents, sitting down on the sofa, beside them.
“Dear, I want to talk to you about something important. It’s about this house. You see, month by month, this
place has been hard to repair, because it’s so old. We have decided to move houses.” Her mother said. Heather was
shocked to hear this. “But, mother, it’s fine! I will donate my money to repair this house! Please! Let’s not move!”
she said, desperate to change her mother’s mind.
Before her mother could reply, she stormed upstairs to her room. She sat on her bed and cried. “I don’t want to
shift! This house isn’t all that old!” After some time, she lay down on her bed and slept.
The next day, at the breakfast, her mother sat down across from her. “Heather, I promise, you will like your
new home! You’ll be used to it before you know it!” Her mother said, trying to make Heather feel better. “Ok. I
hope you’re right.” Heather mumbled（咕哝）. “We will move into an apartment, just 45 minutes away from this
house. The house may not have as many rooms which we have here, but it has two balconies（阳台）, which have
spectacular views!” Her mother said excitedly.
Heather could see that her mother was excited to move. “That sounds promising! Maybe I will like it there!”
she said to her mother, trying to sound cheerful. “I’m sure you will!” Her mother said.
Before Heather knew it, Sunday had come. Her packing was done, and so was her parents’. She looked
around. Her house was empty. It reminded her of the first time she stepped in it when she was about 5 years old.
The house was empty then, too. Nine years later, that moment repeated itself. She didn’t know why, but this
seemingly unimportant moment was very heart-touching for her. She smiled. Heather went to every room, saying
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司her goodbyes.
“Dear house, I have enjoyed our time here. But, now it’s time for me to leave. Don’t be sad! We might meet
someday, again. Let us both await it. I love you! You have made my life more special, with just your presence in it.
I hope you work that magic of yours on every future resident（住户）to live here. Goodbye!” She said to her
house.
24. Why did Heather’s parents want to move to a new house?
A. Because they had enough money to live there.
B. Because the old house was too old to be repaired.
C. Because the new house was close to the work places.
D. Because they wanted to give a better future to Heather.
25. Which of the following statements is true about the new house?
A. It had wonderful views with two balconies.
B. It was very big and had two floors inside.
C. It was not far away from Heather’s school.
D. It was only 5 years old and still empty now.
26. In Heather’s eyes, what is so meaningful in the old house?
A. The long history.
B. The promising resident.
C. The unforgettable moments.
D. The heart-touching goodbyes.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了希瑟与她从小在那长大的房子道别，表达了依依不舍的惜别之情。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“You see, month by month, this place has been hard to repair, because it’s so old. We have
decided to move houses.”可知，房子年久失修，因此他们决定搬家。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The house may not have as many rooms which we have here, but it has two balconies（阳
台）, which have spectacular views!”可知，新房子有两个阳台，可以看到美丽的景色。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Dear house, I have enjoyed our time here.”和“You have made my life more special, with
just your presence in it.”可知，希瑟在房子里度过了美好时光，她觉得房子的存在让她的生活变得更加特别。
也就是说，在她眼中，在房子里度过的那些难忘时光让她觉得非常有意义。故选C。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司C
The basic scientific method includes the steps scientists use and follow when trying to solve a problem or prove
or disprove a theory. The methods are used by scientists all over the world.
There are usually four steps which are a part of the scientific method. The steps can appear in any order, but the
first step is usually observation. An observation is the use of one or more of the five senses, which include seeing,
hearing, feeling, smelling, and tasting. The five senses are used to learn about or identify an event or object the
scientist wants to study. For example, while observing a spider, a scientist may observe the pattern or size of the
spider’s web.
The second step of the scientific method is the question being researched, the hypothesis. It is the question that
is turned into a statement about an event or object the scientist would like to research. A good hypothesis includes
three things: The explanation for the observations, it is able to be tested by other scientists, and it will usually predict
new outcomes or conclusions (结论). The scientist observing the spider building the web may have a question about
the strength of the web. An example of the hypothesis might be: The larger the spider, the stronger the web. This
hypothesis includes the explanation for the observation. It can be tested, and new conclusions may be reached.
The third step of the scientific method is the experiment. An experiment is a test which will either challenge
or support the hypothesis. The hypothesis will then be true or false. Using the spider hypothesis, a scientist may
experiment by measuring spider webs in relation to a spider’s size. Often, even when a hypothesis is disproved, much
can still be learned during the experiment. For example, while measuring the strength of spider webs, the scientist
may discover something new about them.
The final step in the scientific method is the conclusion. The conclusion will either clearly support the hypothesis
or it will not. If the results support the hypothesis, a conclusion can be written. If it does not support the hypothesis,
the scientist may choose to change the hypothesis or write a new one based on what was learned during the experiment.
In the example, if the scientist proves that larger spiders build stronger webs, then that is the conclusion. If it was not
proven, the scientist may change the hypothesis to: The size of a spider does has no bearing on the strength of its
web.
The scientific method is used for simple experiments. Students may do in the classroom or difficult experiments
being done all over the world. The spider experiment may be done by any scientist in the world.
In summary, the scientific method includes the steps scientists use to solve a problem or to prove or disprove a
theory. There are four basic steps involved with the scientific method. The usual steps include observation,
hypothesis, experiment, and conclusion. The steps may not always be completed in the same order. Following the
four steps, the results of the experiment will either support the hypothesis or will not support the hypothesis. Scientists
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司are always free to change or write a new hypothesis and start the four steps all over again. The scientific method is
used for simple experiments or for more difficult experiments.
27. Which of the steps in the scientific method would a scientist use for seeing, hearing, feeling, smelling, and
tasting?
A. Conclusion. B. Observation. C. Experiment. D. Hypothesis.
28. According to Paragraph 4, which of the following statements is true?
A. Spiders and their webs are supplies in scientific experiments.
B. Measuring the size of spiders is the first step of the experiment.
C. Scientists are likely to discover something new from disproved hypothesis.
D. Hypothesis plays an important role in performing the experiment.
29. The underlined word “bearing” in Paragraph 5 probably means ________.
A. relation B. direction C. agreement D. condition
30. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Scientific method should be used in fixed order for experiments.
B. Observation can help scientists get ready for new conclusion.
C. Experiments are performed in order to prove the hypothesis is right.
D. Conclusion includes the results of the experiment or new hypothesis.
【答案】27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了基本科学方法包括四个步骤：观察、假设、实验和结论。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“An observation is the use of one or more of the five senses, which include seeing, hearing,
feeling, smelling, and tasting”可知，观察是使用五种感官中的一种或多种，包括视觉、听觉、感觉、嗅觉和
味觉。故选B。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Often, even when a hypothesis is disproved, much can still be learned during the
experiment”可知，通常，即使假设被证明是错误的，在实验过程中仍然可以学到很多东西，故可推测出，
科学家很可能从被推翻的假设中发现新的东西。故选C。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“Using the spider hypothesis, a scientist may experiment by measuring spider webs in relation
to a spider’s size”和“If it was not proven, the scientist may change the hypothesis to: The size of a spider does has
no”以及“on the strength of its web”可知，此处表示，如果没有得到证实，科学家可能会把这个假设改为：
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司蜘蛛的大小与它的网的强度没有关系，故此处的bearing表示“关系，关联”。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The conclusion will either clearly support the hypothesis or it will not. If the results support
the hypothesis, a conclusion can be written. If it does not support the hypothesis, the scientist may choose to change
the hypothesis or write a new one based on what was learned during the experiment”可知，结论要么清楚地支持
假设，要么不支持。如果结果支持假设，就可以写出结论。如果它不支持假设，科学家可能会选择改变假
设，或者根据在实验中了解到的知识编写一个新的假设，故可推测出，结论包括实验结果或新的假设。故
选D。
D
Why the Best Things in Life are All Backwards
There’s a part of Navy SEAL training called “drown-proofing” (抗溺水训练) where they bind your hands behind
your back, tie your feet together, and dump you into a 9-foot-deep pool. Your job is to survive for five minutes.
Most people who try drown-proofing fail. Many of them panic and scream. But some make it. And they do so
because they understand a counterintuitive (违反直觉的) lesson: the more you struggle to keep your head above
water, the more likely you are to sink (下沉).
With your arms and legs bound, it’s impossible to keep yourself at the surface for the full five minutes. Even
worse, your limited efforts to keep your body afloat will only cause you to sink faster. The trick to drown-proofing is
to actually let yourself sink to the bottom of the pool. From there, you lightly push yourself off the pool floor and
carry you back to the surface. Once there, you can have a quick breath of air and start the whole process over again.
Strangely, surviving drown-proofing requires no superhuman strength. It doesn’t even require that you know
how to swim. However, it requires the ability to not swim. This skill—the ability to let go of control when one wants it
most—is one of the most important skills anyone can develop. And not just for SEAL training. For life.
Most people suppose the relationship between effort and reward (回报、奖励) is one-to-one. We think that
working twice as long will produce twice the results.
This is almost never true. Most of the world does not exist on a linear curve. Linear relationships only work for
,
mindless or repetitive tasks—driving a car filling out paperwork, cleaning the bathroom, etc. In all of these
cases, doing something for two hours will double the output of doing it for one hour. But that’s simply because they
require no thought or creativity.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司Most activities in life do not operate along the linear effort/reward curve because most activities in life are not
basic nor mindless. Most activities are complex (复杂的), mentally or emotionally involved. Therefore, most activities
produce a diminishing returns curve.
Diminishing returns means that the more you experience something, the less rewarding it becomes. The classic
example is money. The difference between earning $20,000 and $40,000 is life-changing. The difference between
$120,000 and $140,000 means your car has nicer seat heaters. The difference between earning $127,020,000 and
$127,040,000 is basically nothing.
Friendship has diminishing returns, as does eating, sleeping, working out at the gym, reading books, studying
for an exam—the examples are endless.
But there’s another curve, the inverted curve, where effort and reward have a negative relation—the more effort
you put into doing something, the more you will fail to do it.
Drown-proofing exists on an inverted curve. The more effort you put into rising to the surface, the more likely
you will be to fail at it.
Few things in life work on an inverted curve. But the few things that do are important. In fact, the most important
experiences and goals in life all exist on an inverted curve.
Going after happiness takes you further away from it. The longing for greater freedom is often what causes us
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司to feel stuck and trapped. The need to be loved and accepted prevents us from loving and accepting ourselves.
The harder we try to do something, the less we shall succeed. This is “The Backwards Law”: desiring a positive
experience is itself a negative experience; accepting a negative experience is a positive experience. The goal is to
take your mind and teach it to stop chasing its own tail. To stop chasing meaning, freedom and happiness because
those only serve to move it further away from itself. To show it how the only way to reach the surface is by letting
itself sink.
You lean into the fear and uncertainty, and just when you think you’re going to drown, just as you reach the
bottom, it will launch you back to your salvation (拯救).
31. The key to survive drown-proofing is to ________.
A. sink down and lift up B. have enough practice
C. hold your breath for long D. move smartly underwater
32. What can we know about the three curves?
.
A Linear curve shows the possibility of success.
B. Diminishing returns tells us the less the better.
C. Inverted curve works when we have spiritual needs.
D. There is no direct link between the action and the result.
33. According to the three curves, which application is probably true?
A. The more friends we have, the happier we will feel.
B. Cleaning works better in the first hour than the second.
C. Confidence increases when we try, and then stops increasing.
D. The more we want respect from others, the less they will respect us.
34. The writer suggests that we should ________.
A. build mind power to live better
B. shape values for positive outcomes
C. give up struggle to gain what we desire
D. accept negativity because we are not perfect
【答案】31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么生活中最美好的东西都是向后的，并介绍了三种曲线。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The trick to drown-proofing is to actually let yourself sink to the bottom of the pool. From
there, you lightly push yourself off the pool floor and carry you back to the surface”可知，防溺水的诀窍就是让
自己沉到泳池底部。从那里，你轻轻地把自己推离池底，然后把自己带回到水面。故选A。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Going after happiness takes you further away from it...The need to be loved and accepted
prevents us from loving and accepting ourselves”可推测出，当我们有精神需求时，倒曲线起作用。故选C。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据“This is ‘The Backwards Law’: desiring a positive experience is itself a negative experience;
accepting a negative experience is a positive experience”可知，这就是“逆向法则”：渴望积极体验本身就是
消极体验；接受消极的经历就是积极的经历，由此可推测出，我们越想得到别人的尊重，别人就越不会尊
重我们。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据“To show it how the only way to reach the surface is by letting itself sink”和“You lean into
the fear and uncertainty, and just when you think you’re going to drown, just as you reach the bottom, it will launch
you back to your salvation (拯救)”可推测出，作者建议放弃这种为了得到我们渴望的东西而进行的努力和挣
扎。故选C。
四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共8分，每小题2分）
When kids pretend (扮演) they’re princesses or super heroes, or create their own characters using dolls or Lego
figures, it seems like they’re playing simple games. But what’s going on when kids use their imaginations and pretend
when they play is actually very complex, and very good for kids’ development.
The power of kids’ imaginations is a fantastic thing. All they need is some time, space, and your encouragement,
and they can be anything and go anywhere, just by pretending. They make up stories and adventures and create whole
worlds without even thinking about it—this is creativity in its purest (纯粹的) form.
Pretend play allows kids to think about what they experience in the world around them and re-create social
relationships through play. Kids make sense of the world and copy the social interactions they see around them
through imaginative play with friends, siblings, parents, and even stuffed animals. Kids will share with a teddy bear,
give them a check-up, praise them for sharing, or make them some tea at a tea party. It’s not only adorable, but it’s a
great way for kids to put into practice the interpersonal skills.
It encourages cooperation (合作) and problem solving. If your children and their friends want to be the same
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司princess when they play, they may decide to take turns. Or your children may learn to play a game their older brother
wants to play in exchange for a promise that they’ll play their game the next time.
When putting the suggestions below into practice, it can help to encourage pretend play.
Let kids play alone. When kids play alone, they can create their own games and let their imaginations lead
them.
Let them lead. When you pretend-play with kids, try not to guide them. If they ask you for help or for ideas, you
can suggest prompts (提示). But as a general rule, let your child take the lead and figure out what and how you’ll
play.
Encourage them when they don’t follow instructions and use toys in new and creative ways. Sure, it’s fun to
build the truck or building according to the instruction manual that comes with the Lego. But it’s great when kids
decide to mix and match parts from different sets to create their own designs. Let your child know you love their
creations and ideas.
35. Do kids use their imaginations when they are doing pretend play?
______________________________________________________________
36. What do they need to be anything and go anywhere?
______________________________________________________________
37. If your child and their friend want to be the same princess when they play, what will they do?
______________________________________________________________
38. What does the passage mainly talk about?
______________________________________________________________
【答案】35. Yes, they do./Yes.
36. They need some time, space, and your encouragement.
37. They will decide to take turns.
38. It mainly talks about the advantages/benefits of pretend play for children.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了孩子玩扮演游戏的好处。
【35题详解】
根据“But what’s going on when kids use their imaginations and pretend when they play is actually very complex,
and very good for kids’ development”和“The power of kids’ imaginations is a fantastic thing. All they need is
some time, space, and your encouragement, and they can be anything and go anywhere, just by pretending”可知，
孩子们在玩扮演游戏的时候会发挥他们的想象力。故填Yes, they do./Yes.
【36题详解】
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司根据“All they need is some time, space, and your encouragement, and they can be anything and go anywhere, just
by pretending”可知，他们所需要的只是一些时间、空间和你的鼓励，他们可以成为任何东西，去任何地方，
只需要扮演。故填They need some time, space, and your encouragement.
【37题详解】
根据“If your children and their friends want to be the same princess when they play, they may decide to take
turns”可知，在玩耍的时候，如果你的孩子和他们的朋友想扮演同一位公主，他们可能会决定轮流玩。故
填They will decide to take turns.
【38题详解】
通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了孩子玩扮演游戏的好处。故填It mainly talks about the advantages/benefits of
pretend play for children.
五、文段表达。（共10分）
的
39. 根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词 文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提
示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
每个家庭都有独特的价值观念（value）。有的家庭崇尚勤奋（diligence），有的家庭强调诚信
（honesty），有的家庭倡导民主（democracy），有的家庭重视独立（independence）……请你写一篇短文，
介绍一下你家的价值观是什么，你是如何形成这个价值观的（或者说如何拥有这个品质的），以及你从中
收获了什么。
提示词语：kindness, influence, teach, grow, follow
提示问题：
1. What is your family value?
2. How did you develop it?
3. What have you benefited from it?
Our family value
Every family has their own values.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司_____________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
Our family value
Every family has their own values. In my family, honesty plays the most important role. When I was a child,
my parents always told me that I should hold an honest attitude not only to the people but also to the work I do.
Therefore, I keep it in my mind all the time. For example, I never cheat in exams. And I always tell the truth.
Being an honest person makes me popular with my friends, because everyone likes making friends with honest
people. And I will stick to the idea that anything bad, although it is small, should never be done and I always try to
remain honest.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生注意不要遗漏“要点”中从你的家庭价值观中获得的好处，可以适当增加细
节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，由于短文开头已给出，故接下来介绍自己家的价值观——诚信；
第二步，描述自己是如何形成这个价值观的；
第三步，介绍自己从家庭价值观中收获了什么，并表明要“坚持诚信做人”。
[亮点词汇]
①hold a/an...attitude to对……持有……的态度
②not only...but also...不仅……而且……
③keep sth. in mind牢记……
④all the time一直
⑤tell the truth说实话
⑥(be) popular with在……中受欢迎
⑦stick to坚持
[高分句型]
①When I was a child, my parents always told me that I should hold an honest attitude not only to the people but
also to the work I do.（when引导的时间状语从句；that引导的宾语从句）
②Being an honest person makes me popular with my friends, because everyone likes making friends with honest
people.（动名词短语作主语；because引导的原因状语从句）
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司
