文档内容
2023 年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(人教版 2019)
选择性必修第四册 Unit 1 基础知识强化练
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. Wuhan __________(declare) temporary outbound (向外的) traffic restrictions.
2. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent __________(base).
3. Together, these deep human __________(urge)count for much more than ambition.
4. The __________ (explode)had left a hole more than forty miles across—much too huge to be seen from
anywhere at ground level.
5. __________ (calculate)biological age, Professor Levine at Yale University identified nine biomarkers(生物标
志)that seemed to be the most influential on lifespan by a simple blood test.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. _____________________ the once-ruined place has now been turned into a beautiful school, full of life.
真令人惊奇的是曾经被毁坏的地方已经变成了一所充满生机的美丽的学校。
2. You will be surprised to find that they will _____________________.
你会吃惊地发现, 它们更像是人类而不是机器。
3. Believe it or not, you _____________________.
信不信由你, 你一定会渴望得到这样绝妙的家用机器人。
III.语法填空
A robot used for housework 1. ___________(test) out in a family. He looked like a tall and handsome man
with smooth hair, 2. ___________(speak) in a deep voice. Larry was going to be away from home so he hired such
a robot to accompany 3. ___________ wife Claire. Claire didn’t like the idea at the 4. ___________(begin), but
she agreed to it at last. At her first sight of Tony, Claire was alarmed. When Tony offered to help her dressing,
Claire felt embarrassed.
5. ___________ (gradual), Tony began to win Claire’s trust. He helped Claire realize her dreams by making
her home elegant, giving her a new haircut, changing the make-up she wore and giving her advice on her dresses. 6.
___________, at the party all the guests 7. ___________ were invited were filled with 8. ___________(admire)
when they saw her house was 9. ___________(complete) changed.
After the test, the company was satisfied with Tony’s report 10. ___________ he had successfully made a
woman regain her confidence.IV. 阅读理解
A
Levison Wood is at the Steve Biko Academic Hospital (SBAH) where, in 2018, the Office of Health
Standards awarded the institution the highest honor for its quality of patient care and access to health care
professionals. As part of the University of Pretoria, SBAH is a center for world-class surgeons and researchers—
and where Levison meets Professor Mashudu Tshifularo.
Professor Tshifularo who has performed the world’s first middle ear transplant (移植) using 3D printed bones
tells Levison: “This was not an overnight breakthrough—it’s the result of 10 years’ investing in research and state-
of-the-art health-tech. Investment in 3D printing has massive potential—we have made history here in South Africa
—and it is set to continue. ”
According to McKinsey & Company, the estimated(估计的) economic impact of 3D printing is $ 100—$ 250
billion by 2025, if today’s rate of adoption continues. With the most potential in aerospace (航空航天), auto,
consumer goods and health care, the technologies are making a global impact. MedTech Drive says that 3D printing
will be a central part of all major health care businesses within five to ten years.
Professor Tshifularo and his team have 3D printed inner ear bones. The procedure presents significantly fewer
rises than traditional surgery and is announced as an answer to conductive hearing loss. And it’s not the professor’s
only “world-first”.
“What I am doing here, nobody else is doing, ” Professor Tshifularo continues. “In 2008, I performed the
world’s first bloodless endoscope-assisted tonsillectomy(扁桃体切除手术). My team includes experts from all
disciplines—including jewelry fields. The international medical community certainly will benefit from this
knowledge sharing and creation in their own country. My research into further innovation is exciting. ”
1. What does the first paragraph serve as?
A. A background. B. A contrast.
C. An example. D. A comment.
2. Which of the following words can best describe Mashudu Tshifularo?
A. Selfless and considerate.
B. Determined and humorous.
C. Creative and devoted.
D. Ambitious and modest.
3. What can be learned about 3D printing?A. It brings a large profit to SBAH.
B. It is playing a key role in health care.
C. It guarantees safety of ear transplants.
D. It will be used in a wide range of fields.
4. What can be the best title for the text?
A. 3D Printing Is Changing the World
B. 3D Printing Made History by Tshifularo
C. A Big Breakthrough—3D Printed Ears
D. A Historic Meeting—Levison and Tshifularo
B
Mom and I were putting the finishing touches on dinner, and my little niece Jessica came in to set the table.
Instead of going to the dish cabinet, she went into the pantry where there was a stack of old, mismatched dinner
plates on the bottom shelf.
When she had set all six plates, she stood back and sighed, “Oh, Grandma, your plates are so beautiful. Ours
are all alike! ” We had a good laugh at her innocent remark, but as I think back to all those years ago, I believe she
was right. Those plates were beautiful.
Mom worked for the local council on aging as a housekeeper. She did many of the little things that allowed
elderly people to stay in their own homes. Most of her clients got Meals on Wheels, a service in the 1970s. They
received a hot lunch and a cold snack to have later in the evening. This is really not very much food. Every evening
Mom would make to-go meals on these mismatched plates covered with aluminum foil, and then deliver them to
the people who she knew didn’t get enough to eat.
This was about ten years before microwave ovens became common, so it was important that the food be on a
plate that could be reheated in a regular oven. Instead of a cold sandwich and macaroni salad, Mom’s clients dined
on Beef Manhattans, pan-fried chicken or meatloaf, along with veggies and a piece of pie or cake. Mom and Dad
did this even after Mom left her job, and Mom continued after Dad’s death until all her former clients had either
passed away or moved out.
When I was cleaning our Mom’s house after her death, I kept one as a souvenir(纪念品). That plate is a sweet
reminder of the lessons of generosity and caring for one’s neighbor that were modeled for me by my parents.
5. Why did the author think those plates beautiful?
A. They were not all alike.
B. They were little Jessica’s pride.C. They were collected from different places.
D. They were symbols of the parents’ kindness.
6. What did the author’s mother do to earn a living in the 1970s?
A. Be a housewife.
B. Run Meals on Wheels.
C. Deliver food to houses.
D. Do housework for the old.
7. Why did the author’s mother make to-go meals?
A. It was her job.
B. She was good at cooking.
C. She wanted to help beyond her duty.
D. Her family didn’t have enough to eat.
8. What is the best title for the text?
A. Plates of Sympathy
B. A Precious Souvenir
C. Services for the Senior
D. A Kind-hearted Mother
V.七选五
One truth about modern life is that nobody has any time. 1 So let’s try a simple thought experiment.
Imagine that you came into possession of a magical new set of technologies that could automate or promote every
single part of your job.
2 Maybe you’d pick up a hobby, or have more children, or learn to relax and enjoy yourself in the
additional leisure. But what if I told you that you wouldn’t do any of those things: You would just work the exact
same amount of time as before.
3 But there are simple reasons for this.
Better technology means higher expectations—and higher expectations create more work. For most of history,
humans were forced to suffer from their own dirty and unpleasant substances. Most families’ clothes were washed
twice a year. The fleet of housework technologies that came into the world suddenly between the late-19th and
mid-20th century created new norms (标准)of cleanliness -for our floors, our clothes, ourselves.
4 Automatic washers and dryers raised our expectations for clean clothes and encouraged people to go out
and buy new shirts and pants; housewives therefore had more loads of laundry to wash, dry, and fold.In short, technology made it much easier to clean a house to 1890s standards. 5 They wanted a modern
home—with dustless windowsills (窗台)and shiny floors—and this required a 40-to-50-hour workweek, even with
the assistance of modern tools.
A. You are wasting your time.
B. This might seem impossible.
C. New norms meant more work.
D. What would you do with the extra time?
E. That means you can have more time to relax.
F. Everybody is busy, burned out, and overloaded.
G. But by mid-century, Americans didn’t want that old house.
VI. 书面表达
假定你是李华, 是校英语报记者。5月1日, 你跟随学校志愿队去阳光敬老院(Sunshine Nursing Home)
开展志愿活动(送水、打扫卫生、聊天等)。作为校报记者, 请按以下要求写一篇新闻报道。内容包括:
1. 介绍时间、地点、人物、活动;
2. 老人们的反应;
3. 简要评论。
注意: 1. 词数80个左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;
3. 标题已给出, 不计入总词数。
Volunteers Brought Sunshine to the Elderly
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. Wuhan declared(declare) temporary outbound (向外的) traffic restrictions.
2. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis(base).
3.Together, these deep human urges(urge)count for much more than ambition.
4. The explosion (explode)had left a hole more than forty miles across—much too huge to be seen from anywhere
at ground level.
5.To calculate (calculate)biological age, Professor Levine at Yale University identified nine biomarkers(生物标
志)that seemed to be the most influential on lifespan by a simple blood test.Ⅱ. 1. It’s really amazing that the once-ruined place has now been turned into a beautiful school, full of life.
2. You will be surprised to find that they will be more like humans than machines.
3. Believe it or not, you are bound to desire such wonderful household robots.
III.
A robot used for housework 1. was tested(test) out in a family. He looked like a tall and handsome man with
smooth hair, 2. speaking(speak) in a deep voice. Larry was going to be away from home so he hired such a robot
to accompany 3. his wife Claire. Claire didn’t like the idea at the 4. beginning(begin), but she agreed to it at last.
At her first sight of Tony, Claire was alarmed. When Tony offered to help her dressing, Claire felt embarrassed.
5. Gradually (gradual), Tony began to win Claire’s trust. He helped Claire realize her dreams by making her
home elegant, giving her a new haircut, changing the make-up she wore and giving her advice on her dresses. 6.
Therefore, at the party all the guests 7. who were invited were filled with 8. admiration(admire) when they saw
her house was 9. completely(complete) changed.
After the test, the company was satisfied with Tony’s report 10. because he had successfully made a woman
regain her confidence.
IV.
A
【文章大意】文章讲述了Professor Tshifularo和他的团队的举世瞩目的成就——利用3D打印的中耳骨成功
进行了移植手术, 以及3D打印技术的前景。
1.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段可知, Levison在SBAH会见Professor Tshifularo, 以及SBAH的
一些情况, 紧接着下文再具体介绍Professor Tshifularo的成就, 故可知第一段起到了背景介绍的作用。
2.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“who has performed the world’s first middle ear transplant
using 3D printed bones”, 第四段中“And it’s not the professor’s only“world-first”和第五段中“What I am doing
here, nobody else is doing, ”可知, Professor Tshifularo利用3D打印技术打印的骨骼进行了中耳移植手术, 做
了其他人未做的事, 创造了不止一个世界第一, 故可知他富有创新精神; 再结合第二段中“This was not an
overnight breakthrough—it’s the result of 10 years’ investing in research and state-of-the-art health-tech”可知
Professor Tshifularo热衷于自己的研究。故选C。
3.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中“With the most potential in aerospace, auto, consumer goods and
health care, the technologies are making a global impact. MedTech Drive says that 3D printing will be a central part
of all major health care businesses within five to ten years. ”可知, 3D打印技术还可以应用到航空航天、汽车、
消费品和医疗保健等领域, 即3D技术会在很多领域有广泛应用。4.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 文章讲述了Professor Tshifularo和他的团队的举世瞩目的成
就——利用3D打印的中耳骨成功进行了移植手术, 以及3D打印技术的前景, 因此B项为最佳标题。
B
【文章大意】本文属于记叙文。作者由家中的旧盘子回忆到母亲曾经的无私助人。这些盘子对于作者来说
意义特殊, 它们提醒着作者要为人慷慨、关心邻居。
5.【解析】选D。推理判断题。第二段提到“but as I think back to all those years ago, I believe she was right.
Those plates were beautiful. ”以及最后一段提到“That plate is a sweet reminder of the lessons of generosity and
caring for one’s neighbor that were modeled for me by my parents. ”说明这个盘子蕴含着特殊的意义, 由此可知,
作者认为那些盘子很漂亮是因为它们是父母慷慨和善良的象征。
6.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Mom worked for the local council on aging as a housekeeper.
She did many of the little things that allowed elderly people to stay in their own homes. ”可知, 作者的母亲是一
名管家, 她是靠为老年人做家务来谋生的, 故选D。
7.【解析】选 C。推理判断题。根据第三段中“Every evening Mom would make to-go meals on these
mismatched plates covered with aluminum foil, and then deliver them to the people who she knew didn’t get
enough to eat. ”可知, 母亲做便当是带给那些吃不饱的人, 虽然这超出了她的职责所在, 但是她仍想帮助那
些吃不饱饭的人, 故选C。
8.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文由作者的侄女夸奖母亲的盘子漂亮开始叙述这些盘子的用途和其背后
的故事。虽然这些盘子很陈旧, 很不匹配, 但是作者认为它们很漂亮, 这是由于这些盘子背后那些感人的故
事赋予了这些盘子特殊的意义, 这些盘子代表了作者的父母对邻居的慷慨和关心, 为后辈做出了榜样。盘
子的线索贯穿始终, 故选A。
V.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。不像我们想象的那样, 科技的发展并没有给我们带来更多休闲时间。
1. 【解析】选F。由空前句“nobody has any time”可知, 现代人忙忙碌碌, 没有空闲时间。所以此空应该为
语义衔接, 故选F。
2. 【解析】选D。根据第一段“Imagine that you came into possession of a magical new set of technologies that
could automate or promote every single part of your job. ”想象一下, 你有了一项神奇的新技术, 可以自动化或
提升你工作的每一个部分。又根据空后的“Maybe you’d pick up a hobby, or have more children, or learn to
relax and enjoy yourself in the additional leisure. ”可知, 这是有了空闲时间后, 可能会做的事情, 所以, 选D。
提问有空闲时间你会做什么事情, 承接下文。
3. 【解析】选B。根据第二段中“You would just work the exact same amount of time as before. ”可知, 你工
作的时间会和以前一样多, 并没有被解放出来拥有更多的时间, 再根据后面的But可知, 这里是一个转折的关系, B项符合语境。
4. 【解析】选C。根据空后的“go out and buy new shirts and pants; housewives therefore had more loads of
laundry to wash, dry, and fold”可知, 新的标准并没有减少反而增加了家庭主妇的工作量。故选C。
5. 【解析】选G。根据空后的“They wanted a modern home”可知, 他们想要新房子, 不想要旧房子, 所以
和G项“Americans didn’t want that old house”相照应。故选G。
VI.
【参考范文】
Volunteers Brought Sunshine to the Elderly
On May Day, a group of volunteers from our school went to Sunshine Nursing Home and did some voluntary
work.
Upon their arrival, the volunteers were warmly welcomed and they presented the elderly with flowers and
fruit. After that they started working at once, cleaning the windows and sweeping the floor. With everything done,
they sat in the yard, chatting with the elderly people. When leaving, the elderly people praised them for their
kindness and said it was such a wonderful day that they would treasure forever.
What they did has brought joy and warm sunshine to the elderly and enriched their own life.
