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专题 01 语法填空之有提示词填空
目录
01考情透视·目标导航..........................................................................................................................................................2
02知识导图·思维引航..........................................................................................................................................................3
03考点突破·考向探究..........................................................................................................................................................4
考点一 提示词是动词—考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致..............................................................................................4
【真题研析】.............................................................................................................................................................................................4
【核心精讲】.............................................................................................................................................................................................4
【命题预测】.............................................................................................................................................................................................6
考点二 提示词是动词—考查非谓语动词...........................................................................................................................7
【真题研析】.............................................................................................................................................................................................7
【核心精讲】.............................................................................................................................................................................................7
【命题预测】.............................................................................................................................................................................................9
考点三 提示词为动词—考查转换为名词或形容词
【真题研析】
【核心精讲】
【命题预测】
考点四 提示词为名词—考查名词复数、所有格和词形转换
【真题研析】
【核心精讲】
【命题预测】...........................................................................................................................................................................................13
考点五 提示词为形容词、副词—考查形容词、副词比较等级及词形转换........................................................................13
【真题研析】...........................................................................................................................................................................................13
【核心精讲】...........................................................................................................................................................................................14
【命题预测】...........................................................................................................................................................................................15
考点六 提示词为代词—考查代词宾格、物主代词或反身代词..........................................................................................15
【真题研析】...........................................................................................................................................................................................15
【核心精讲】...........................................................................................................................................................................................15
【命题预测】...........................................................................................................................................................................................16
考点七 提示词为基数词—考查其序数词或其他形式.......................................................................................................16
【真题研析】...........................................................................................................................................................................................16
【核心精讲】...........................................................................................................................................................................................16
【命题预测】.............................................................................................................................................................17
04 重难点突破 有提示词的语法填空基本知识的综合运用...............................................................................................17
语法填空之有提示词填空有提示词 无提示词
年份 卷别 词数
形容词
谓语 非谓语 名词 代词 介词 冠词 数词 并列句 连词
副词
新课标I卷 243 1 2 3 1 1 1 1
2024 新课标Ⅱ卷 220 2 3 2 1 1 1
全国甲卷 223 2 1 2 1 1 1 2
新课标I卷 203 4 2 1 1 1 1
新课标Ⅱ卷 211 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1
2023
全国甲卷 220 1 3 1 1 2 1 1
全国乙卷 201 2 3 1 1 1 1 1
新课标I卷 229 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1
新课标Ⅱ卷 225 2 2 1 2 1 1 1
2022
全国甲卷 219 1 3 1 2 1 1 1
全国乙卷 222 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1考点一 提示词是动词—考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致
1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a
journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the
first time.
一个简单句有且只能有一个谓语动词，若句中出现两个以上的动词，或者用连词连接作并列谓语，或
者用引导词将句子改写为主从复合句。复合句中，有几个简单句就应有几个谓语动词。如果既没有连词，
也不是复合句，那么除谓语动词以外的动词就作非谓语动词。
2.（2024·新高考 II 卷）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be)also Shakespeare’s
concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo
and Juliet.”
3.（2024·新高考 II 卷）A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s
Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___
(build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
4.（2024 年 1 月浙江高考真题）If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is
easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets 62 (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with
two halves containing separate portions (份).
在题干中，yesterday, tomorrow, always, since, in the past few years, over the years, by＋时间， so far等
都是动词时态常用的标志性状语，做题时可以通过寻找这些标志性状语来判定时态。
一、确定作谓语
分析句子结构，若句中无谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但空处所填词与之是并列关系时，空处
就用谓语动词。
若填谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致
(1)根据语境、并列谓语、时间标志词等确定用哪种时态；(2)根据主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系以确定语态；
(3)根据人称和数，确保主谓一致。
二、确定时态
1.根据具体的时间状语：常见的时态的时间状语标志词
时态 时间状语
一般现在时 now, today, nowadays, every year, usually等
一般过去时 yesterday, last week, in 2021, the other day, two years ago, previously等
一般将来时 next year, in the future, soon, tomorrow等
现在进行时 now, at present, at this moment等
现在完成时 since＋时间点，in/over the past... years, in recent years, for＋时间段， so far等
过去完成时 by then, by the end of ..., when/before/after引导的从句等
2.根据具并列关系：
考查动词时态的题目有时可以根据句子或谓语动词之间的平行关系词“and, but, or, rather than, neither...
nor..., not only... but also...”等前后的谓语动词的时态必须一致来确定时态。
3.根据常用句式定时态：
(1)was/were doing... when...＋一般过去时
(2)was/were about to do... when...＋一般过去时
(3)it is the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋现在完成时
(4)it was the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋过去完成时
(5)No sooner had＋主语＋done... than＋一般过去时
(6)Hardly/Scarcely had＋主语＋done... when＋一般过去时
(7)It will be＋时间段＋before＋一般现在时
4.根据语境暗示。没有标志性的时间状语，且其他参照物都不明显的情况下，通过正确理解语境暗示解
题，也是解决时态问题尤其是易错题的重要方法。
三、确定语态
1.根据逻辑辨别主动或被动关系
(1)分析句子结构，发现提示词作谓语，若与主语之间是主动关系，应考虑用主动语态；若是被动关系则
考虑用被动语态。
(2)被动语态的基本形式为：be＋过去分词。
(3)运用上面的技法来判断是什么时态的被动语态，再根据主谓一致判断be动词的形式。
2.主动表被动
(1)当feel，look，smell，taste，sound等后面接形容词时；
(2)当read，sell，wear，write，wash等作不及物动词表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”时；
四、确定“主谓一致”
项目 主语 谓语动词
语法 不可数名词、单数可数名词、动名词(短语)、动词不定式、主语从句、
单数
一致 the number of＋复数可数名词复数可数名词，and连接的两个名词，a number of＋复数可数名词 复数
(together) with, as well as, but, except, along with, rather than, in addition to,
与前面主语一致
including等连接的主语
意义 “the＋形容词”表示抽象概念；强调整体的集合名词 单数
一致 “the＋形容词”表示一类人或物；强调个体的集合名词 复数
就近 neither... nor..., either... or..., not only... but also..., not... but...等连接的主
与邻近主语一致
一致 语；“here/there＋谓语＋主语”结构中的主语不止一个时
1.（2025·八省联考）The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform for the world to
better understand China, but also 42 (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
2.（2025·八省联考）Every language is worthy of respect and should 40 (treat) equally.
3.（2025·湘豫名校联考）The moon-landing suit 39 (equip) with a built-in long and short-range
camera, an operation console (操作台) and a glare-proof helmet visor.
4.（2025·江西省赣州市赣州赣抚吉十五校联考）Later, calligraphy gradually 37 (take) shape as a
form of art rather than a mere means of record.
5.（2025·江西省赣州市赣州赣抚吉十五校联考）The five major styles of script, running, cursive,
official, seal and regular, 38 (bear) from such calligraphy.
考点二 提示词是动词—考查非谓语动词
1.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These
sepals open on warm days 58 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
2.（2024·新高考 II 卷）A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s
Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion,
was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
3.（2024·新高考 II 卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said
Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the
connection between the two great writers.
4.（2024·新高考II卷）___44___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard
III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony
Pavilion.确定作非谓语
分析句子结构，所给提示词是动词时，若句中已有谓语动词，又无连词时，则考虑填非谓语动词。
方法一 非谓语动词作状语
1．寻找线索
(1)挖空句有谓语动词，通常用逗号把状语与主干分隔开。
(2)我们需要认真分析句子结构，明确句子成分，先甄别出句子的主干，再确定用哪种形式作状语。
2．解题指导
(1)找句子主干：认真阅读挖空的句子，找出句子的主语、谓语(和宾语)，从而正确理解句意。
(2)确定谓语动词和非谓语动词：分析所给的提示词与主语和谓语动词之间的关系。
(3)确定填哪种非谓语动词形式：
①主语与提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系：表目的，用to do; 表出乎意料的结果，用only to do; 表时间、
条件、原因、让步、伴随、自然而然的结果，用doing。
②主语与提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系：表动作还未发生，用to be done; 表动作已经发生，用done。
方法二 非谓语动词作定语
1．寻找线索
(1)空格可在名词或代词之前，也可在名词或代词之后，对该名词或代词起修饰或限定作用。
(2)如果有逗号隔开，放在名词或代词之后，通常对该名词进行补充说明，其作用相当于一个非限制
性定语从句。
2．解题指导
(1)如果名词中心词是该动作的发出者，通常用现在分词(短语)作定语。
(2)如果名词中心词是该动作的承受者，通常用过去分词(短语)作定语。
(3)如果表示未发生的动作，且名词中心词是该动作的承受者，通常用动词不定式作定语。
方法三 非谓语动词作表语
1．寻找线索
非谓语动词作表语包括现在分词、过去分词和动词不定式三种。空格通常在系动词 be, become, get,
seem, appear, look, turn等之后，描述主语的特点或状态。
2．解题指导
(1)主语是表示人的名词或代词，通常用过去分词作表语，表示主语的心情和感受。
(2)主语是表示事物的名词或代词，通常用现在分词作表语，表示事物的特点。
(3)动词不定式作表语通常表示未发生的动作。
方法四 非谓语动词作宾语
1．寻找线索
动词不定式和动名词都可以充当宾语。牢记非谓语动词作宾语的固定结构：
(1)介词(如by, for, of, with, without, after等)之后加动名词作宾语，注意to的身份识别。
(2)只能跟动名词作宾语的动词和短语：advise, admit, allow, avoid, appreciate, ban, delay, deny; beaccustomed to, be devoted to, lead to, object to等。
(3)在下列动词之后，常接不定式作宾语：decide, demand, offer, hope, promise, agree, plan, manage,
refuse, wish, pretend, learn, want等。
2．解题指导
(1)仔细观察挖空的句子。
(2)找出(句子的)谓语动词。
(3)确定填动名词还是动词不定式。
方法五 非谓语动词作主语
1．寻找线索
主语是谓语陈述的对象，通常位于句首。动名词(doing)和动词不定式(to do)都可以充当主语。
2．解题指导
(1)句中缺少主语，找到句子的谓语部分，确定应用doing还是to do作主语。
(2)表示抽象的、习惯性的或经常性的动作用doing，表具体某一次的动作用to do。
(3)掌握用动名词或不定式作主语的句型：
①It's ＋adj.(hard/difficult/easy/possible/kind等)(＋for/of sb)＋to do sth
②It's no use/no good/no fun/a pleasure/no pleasure/a waste of time doing sth
③It takes sb＋some time/money＋to do sth
方法六 非谓语动词作补足语
1．寻找线索
动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词都可充当宾语补足语。
(1)不定式作宾补：allow, ask, beg, command, encourage, expect, forbid, invite, persuade, tell等＋sb to do
sth。
(2)have sb/sth doing “让某人/某物一直做”； have sb/sth done “使某人/某物被……”。
(3)with复合结构
①with＋宾语＋to do，表示动作还未发生；
②with＋宾语＋doing，表示主动、动作正在进行；
③with＋宾语＋done，表示被动、动作已完成。
2．解题指导
(1)动词不定式作宾语补足语，通常表示一个宾语发出的动作。在一些结构中必须用动词不定式作宾
语补足语。
(2)现在分词作宾语补足语，宾语是动作的发出者，表示一个正在进行的、主动的动作。
(3)过去分词作宾语补足语，宾语是动作的承受者，表示一个完成的、被动的动作。
1.（2025·江西省赣州市赣州赣抚吉十五校联考）Chinese calligraphy is an artistic practice of writing
Chinese characters, often with a brush and ink on xuan paper. The evolution of Chinese calligraphy began
alongside the earliest Chinese characters 36 (discover) to date-inscriptions (铭文) on bones from the ShangDynasty in Anyang, Henan province.
2.（2025·八省联考）In 2010, the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for
each of the organization’s six official languages. The goal was two-fold: 36 (celebrate) cultural diversity as
well as to promote the equal use of all six tongues.
3.（2025·八省联考）Today, more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education
systems. Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 43 (improve) communication and cooperation
between China and the rest of the world.
考点三 提示词为动词—考查转换为名词或形容词
1.（2024 年 1 月浙江高考真题）Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free”
promotions because of the 60 (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual
items.
2.（2024·新高考I卷）These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In
cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants.
3.（2023·新高考I卷）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling
wrappers, encasing hot, 36 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street
food.
动词变为名词
1.名词后缀 示例
－er/ announce→announcer广播员 conduct→conductor指挥；售票员
－or instruct→instructor 指导者，教师 design→designer设计师
achieve→achievement成就 argue→argument辩论；论据
－ment
equip →equipment装备；设备 govern→government政府
－y recover→recovery恢复 discover→discovery发现
－ance/ appear→appearance出现；外貌 perform→performance表演；表现
－ence prefer→preference偏爱 refer→reference参考，查阅
－ure/ fail→failure失败；倒闭 press→pressure压力
－ture depart→departure离开；出发 mix→mixture混合(物)
－ing hear→hearing听力，听觉 begin→beginning开始build→building建筑 warn→warning 警告
correct→correction改正celebrate→celebration庆祝
－ion/ conclude→conclusion结论；结束 discuss→discussion讨论；论述
－tion/ decide→decision决定 admit→admission承认；准许加入
－sion/ permit→permission允许，许可 invite→invitation邀请
explain→explanation解释 expect→expectation期望
动词变形容词
2.形容词后缀 示例
enjoy vt.享受→enjoyable adj.令人愉快的
－able suit vt.适合→suitable adj.合适的
adjust vt.调节→adjustable adj. 可调整的
frustrate vt.使沮丧→frustrated adj. 沮丧的
－ed
annoy vt.使生气→annoyed adj. 恼怒的
convince vt.说服，使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的
－ing
thrill vt.使兴奋 → thrilling adj.令人兴奋的
forget vt.忘记→forgetful adj.健忘的
－ful
succeed vt.成功→successful adj. 成功的
comprehend v. 理解→comprehensive adj. 综合性的
－ive
create v. 创造→creative adj. 有创造力的
tolerate v.容忍→tolerant adj. 宽容的，容忍的
－ant
ignore v. 忽视→ignorant adj. 无知的，愚昧的
1.（2025·八省联考）At the same time, a language and its individual 39 (write) forms make up the “soul” of a
national tradition.
2.（2025·八省联考）As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese
culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its
development through 45 (innovate), and its inclusiveness. China, on its part, will also embrace (拥抱) the
world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community.
3.（2025·江西省赣州市赣州赣抚吉十五校联考）Chinese calligraphy is a demanding and 39 (advance)
art, which turns Chinese characters into images through pressure and speed variations of the pointed Chinese
brush.
4.（2025·浙江省北斗星盟高三联考） The 62 (distinguish) players create a sense of anticipation in the
introduction to Kreutzer Sonata’s opening movement, which is played completely with Zimmermann over the
wonderful music pauses.
5.（2025·湖南省雅礼中高三月考（四））Launched in 1978 and scheduled to be completed in 2050, it haseffectively limited the 62 (expand) of desertification and become a “green Great Wall” preventing sandstorms.
6.（2025·湖南省雅礼中高三月考（四））Moving forward, the world’s second-largest economy
remains 65 (determine) to carve out an eco-friendly path for global green development.
考点四 提示词为名词—考查名词复数、所有格和词形转换
1.（2023全国甲卷）The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However,
Cason’s theme is a more weighty (warn) about environmental destruction.
2.（2022新高考II卷）He saved my _________ (son) life,” said Mrs. Brown.
2.（2023新高考I卷）These plants included modern Western (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and
fennel.
解题思路
提示词为名词，要根据空格的位置确定转换为名词的复数、形容词、动词或名词的所有格。
(1)提示词为可数名词单数，如分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变，应考虑填名词的复数。
(2)提示词为名词，其后为名词(短语)，则需要改变词性，通常变为形容词。
(3)提示词为名词，作谓语，应把名词转换为动词。
必备知识
名词考查转化为形容词或动词的后缀
后缀 示例
--y
sun→sunny 有阳光的，晴朗的 guilt →guilty 内疚的
--ed
balance→balanced平衡的 gift →gifted 有天赋的
--ful meaning→meaningful 有意义的 colour→colourful 五彩缤纷的
--able suit →suitable 合适的 change→changeable 易变的
--ous courage→courageous 勇敢的 mystery →mysterious 神秘的
--al addition→additional 附加的 globe→global 全球的
--ly friend→friendly 友好的 love→lovely 可爱的
--en wood→wooden 木制的 wool→woolen 羊毛的
--cal politics →political 政治的 ecology→ ecological 生态的
--ant significance →significant有意义的 ignorance→ ignorant 无知的
--cial commerce →commercial 商业的 finance →financial 金融的-en deep→deepen 变深，加深 length→lengthen 延长
1.（2025·湖南省雅礼中高三月考（四））In addition, China has actively conducted 64 (exchange) and
cooperation with Belt and Road countries, and has established an international knowledge management center for
desertification prevention and control.
2.（2025·浙江省北斗星盟高三联考）Finest of all is a reading of the Op.96 Sonata that allows listeners
to dream a little and feel the 65 (composer) undervalued silence in all its charm.
3.（2025·湘豫名校联考）China has taken a step forward in its 36 (ambition) plan to land astronauts
on the moon by 2030 — showing the specially designed spacesuit.
考点五 提示词为形容词、副词—考查形容词、副词比较等级及词形
转换
1．（2024·全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the 49 （large）United States national park—2.2 million acres—
until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a
national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
2.(2023·1月新高考浙江卷) Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far
smaller in scale and ________ (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
3.(2022·全国甲卷) In the last five years， Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016,
he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ______ (high) mountain.
4.(2022·全国高考乙卷)“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ______
(large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy
development of the tea industry.
5.（2023 年全国甲卷） ___ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation
instead of a moral.
6.(2022年1月浙江卷) On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, __________(rough) 200 academics
- many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.提示词是形容词、副词的解题思路
考查形容词或副词的比较级和最高级的转化以及形容词与副词的互相转化。
1．寻找线索
(1)通常设置在名词之前、动词之后，或句首、句尾。
(2)形容词变副词规律
①以e 结尾的形容词，一般不去 e，直接加ly：immediate→immediately, brave →bravely, polite
→politely, wise →wisely。
②一些以e 结尾的形容词，去 e 加(l)y：true → truly, simple → simply, gentle → gently, possible →
possibly。
③“辅音字母＋y”结尾，变y为i，再加ly：happy → happily, easy → easily。
④以ic结尾的形容词，加ally：economic → economically, basic → basically。
2．解题指导
(1)形容词、副词的词性转化
①分析句子结构，发现提示词是形容词且需要改变词性时，应考虑用派生的副词或名词；
②若空处作定语、表语，应考虑填形容词形式；
③若空处修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，应考虑填副词形式；
④若空处在介词后，应考虑用名词作宾语。
(2)形容词、副词添加词缀变反义词。根据句意和前后逻辑关系，确定表示否定意义时，添加否定前
缀(un， im， dis等)或否定后缀(less)变为反义词。
(3)利用标志词或隐含信息把形容词、副词转化为比较级、最高级。
单句填空
1.（2025·江西省赣州市赣州赣抚吉十五校联考）It is said that the emotions and philosophy of the writer are
40 (direct) reflected on calligraphy.
2.（2025·湘豫名校联考）The new red-and-white suit revealed by the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) is
made to resist the moon’s extreme temperatures, radiation and dust, and allow astronauts physical 38
(flexible) to perform tasks on the lunar surface.
3.（2025·河北省五个一名校联考高三月考）The market aims to create a platform to help these museums
reach 64 (wide) audiences and gain greater exposure than before, showcasing cultural creative products
which are worth owning by more people.考点六 提示词为代词—考查代词宾格、物主代词或反身代词
1.（2024·全国甲卷）This area, with (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for
all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park.
2.（2020·新高考卷）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and
imagine _________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.
3.（2021·全国I卷）As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick
in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in (I).
提示词为代词，应考虑以下几种情况：
1.若分析句子结构发现提示词作主语，则应考虑人称代词的主格形式；
2.若分析句子结构发现提示词作宾语，则应考虑人称代词的宾格形式；
3.若分析句子结构发现提示词作定语，则应考虑形容词性物主代词；
4.若分析句子结构发现提示词作动词或介词的宾语，且和主语是同一人时，则应考虑反身代词。
1.（2025·河北省五个一名校联考高三月考）The National Museum of China recently launched an original
fridge magnet (冰箱贴) inspired by a phoenix crown, selling over a thousand units within just a few hours of 57
(it) release, sparking interest in the entire series of cultural and creative products.
2.（2024九省联考）However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write
faster, and they can feel proud of (they).
3.（2025·湖南省永州一中）Growing up in a different environment from (they) elders, they have
witnessed China’s rise as a global economic powerhouse and formed a brand-new consumption concept.
考点七 提示词为基数词—考查其序数词或其他形式
1.（2021·新高考II卷）I've always loved the ocean. In the 56 (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the
Monterey Bay Aquarium in California.
2.（2023·全国甲卷）Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’sfables date to the 62 (six) century, B. C.
1 . 基数词和序数词的相互转换
①一般来说，序数词是由相应的基数词词尾加th构成。
②十位整数序数词的构成方法是将y变为i，再加e t h。
③两位或两位以上的基数词变成序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词。
此外，常考的基数词、序数词一般会在100以内，具体见下表。
one—first two—second three—third four—fourth five—fifth six—sixth seven—seventh eight—eighth nine—
ninth ten—tenth eleven—eleventh twelve—twelfth thirteen—thirteenth fourteen—fourteenth fifteen—fifteenth
sixteen—sixteenth seventeen—seventeenth eighteen—eighteenth nineteen—nineteenth twenty—twentieth thirty
—thirtieth forty—fortieth fifty—fiftieth sixty—sixtieth seventy—seventieth eighty—eightieth ninety—ninetieth
2 . 与数词相关的表达法
①分数是由基数词作分子，序数词作分母构成的。除了分子是＂1＂的情况外，序数词都要用复数。
②表示某人的大约年龄，即“几十多岁”时，使用基数词的复数形式。“in sb.'s＋整十的基数词的复
数”意为“在某人几十多岁时”。如：in his fifties。
③当hundred, thousand, million, billion前面有基数词时，用单数形式，词尾不加-s；前面有many, several, a
few修饰时，仍用单数形式。如：several billion years。
④“数词＋普通名词＋形容词”构成的合成形容词中，数词和普通名词都要用单数形式。
1．（2025·广东梅县高三月考）She is a remarkable athlete , known for her outstanding speed and skill,
making her
(two) only to the world champion in her sport.
2．You’d better go home to see your parents (two) a week. They need more care.
3．The Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations says about one (three) of the food
produced worldwide each year is wasted or lost.
4．A woman in her (sixty) told him her husband had died of cancer a week earlier.
5．There are twelve floors in this building and Mr. Wu’s office is on the (four) floor.
04 重难点突破 有提示词的语法填空基本知识的综合运用有提示词的语法填空重难点突破：
有提示词的语法填空在高考语法填空的命题中占7个左右，是语法填空的重点考查内容，掌握了有提
示词的语法填空的解题思路和方法也就把握了语法填空的重点。
策略：1.看提示词的哪种词类；2.根据词类定填空的方向，从而确定是词形转换还是词的具体用法，
这是解题关键。
语法填空
（2025·江西省吉安市六校协作体高三联考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词
的正确形式。
Caviar (鱼子酱) is a term 1 (use)to describe fish eggs of sturgeon (鲟鱼). It is sometimes attached to the
eggs of other fish 2 (category). There are three kinds of Caspian Sea caviar, each of 3 was named after
the types of sturgeon that produces it. Sevruga, from the smallest fish, is fine-grained, 4 (intense) black and
very salty. Oscetra, from a bigger fish, is larger-grained, often paler, with a “rich, almost, fruity or earthy flavor”.
Beluga is from the largest, whitest and rarest fish, 5 (have) a delicate flavor. Caviar is a staple (主食) of
Russian cuisine and is traditionally enjoyed on New Year’s Eve. In the old days caviar 6 (be) a staple, not a
luxury. Works from the early 18th century make a description that caviar was sold on street corners.
An egg-filled sturgeon from the Caspian Sea is regarded as one of the world’s most 7 (value) fishes.
The caviar from a quality sturgeon can sell 8 several hundred dollars an ounce. The eggs from a single white
sturgeon can fetch more than $100,000.
Caviar can vary in color from black to pale grey to gold and even ivory. If it 9 (dry), refrigerated and
properly stored at -2 , it can stay good for 18 months.
Russians like eating caviar on thickly-buttered toast or bread. In the early 2000s, world caviar prices were
℃
rising sharply, as demand increased and supply decreased. Prices doubled and international authorities tried to
crack down on fake by carrying out 10 labeling system.
