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专题02 时文阅读理解-社会生活
主题语境：人与社会--主要介绍了一个志愿者项目为新生儿提供章鱼来安抚和安慰他们，这一项目受到了
新生儿父母的欢迎。
重点单词：monitor 监视，监测； accumulate 积累；familiarity熟悉；
1. Jude and Leo Hawes have come a long way since they entered the world, born at just 29weeks.
Airlifted from their home in Launceston to hospital in Hobart, the twins, now happy and healthy two-year-
olds, were delivered into the ICU to be cared for and monitored. A gift from the Tasmanian branch of Octopus
for a Preemie (早产儿) for them was a light in the dark.
“These stories really do remind us why we all spend so much time and our own money making these
octopuses (章鱼),” Bianca, the co-founder of the project, tells Woman’s Day. “It means the world to me that I can
do something in whatever small way to make the journey for the babies and parents just that little bit easier. I
believe if we can help others, no matter how small a way it is, then we should.”
The eight-legged creatures are specially created to calm and comfort early newborns.“In instances where the
babies can’t be held for weeks, or even months, the familiarity of the parents’ scent (气味) on the octopuses can
help with the bonding process because babies already know it as a safe scent when parents can finally hold
them,”Bianca says.
The volunteer project began after a nurse reached out to Bianca to create a prototype of octopus she could
take into hospital for a trial.
“It took me a good four to five months to teach myself how to write a pattern and get it approved,”explains
Bianca, who creates the handmade helpful octopuses for no cost to families in need.
“I started making them as fast as I could, but I wasn’t able to make the amount they needed.” Soon Bianca
met the group’s other co-founder Andrea Carey and the pair started creating the creatures in together in their spare
time.
“I have always enjoyed being creative and my imagination runs wild with colour combinations,” says
Bianca, her Facebook page Octopus for a Preemie Tasmania accumulating more than 2000 followers.“It makes
my day!”
1．What is the purpose of the project?
A．To promote octopuses to preemies.
B．To comfort the preemies’ parents.
C．To reach out to nurses for preemies.
D．To bring a sense of security for preemies.
2．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “prototype” In paragraph 4?
A．Certificate. B．Model. C．Patent. D．Trademark.3．What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs?
A．It is well received.
B．It is highly profitable.
C．It needs to be improved.
D．It takes ages to see the results.
4．What does Bianca’s story imply?
A．Good is rewarded with good.
B．Two heads are better than one.
C．Small deeds make a difference.
D．Actions speak louder than words.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个志愿者项目为新生儿提供章鱼来安抚和安慰他们，这
一项目受到了新生儿父母的欢迎。
1．推理判断题。根据第三段““In instances where the babies can’t be held for weeks, or even months, the
familiarity of the parents’ scent(气味) on the octopuses can help with the bonding process because babies already
know it as a safe scent when parents can finally hold them,” Bianca says.( Bianca说：“在宝宝几周甚至几个月
都不能被抱着的情况下，章鱼对父母的气味的熟悉可以帮助建立联系，因为当父母终于可以抱着他们时
婴儿已经知道这是一种安全的气味。”)”可推断，这个项目的目的是为了让婴儿有安全感。故选D。
2．词义猜测题。根据划线单词上一段“The eight-legged creatures are specially created to calm and comfort
early newborns.(这种八条腿的生物是专门用来安抚和安慰早期新生儿的。)”可知，这是一种章鱼样子的模
型，为新生儿而设计的；而下一段““It took me a good four to five months to teach myself how to write a
pattern and get it approved,” explains Bianca, who creates the handmade helpful octopuses for no cost to families
in need.(“我花了四到五个月的时间自学如何编写图案并获得批准，” Bianca解释说，她手工制作了这种
有益的章鱼，为有需要的家庭提供且不收取任何费用。)”可知，Bianca花了四五个月学习编写图案，所以
她是为了制作一个章鱼样子的模型。选项 A“Certificate (证书)”；B“Model (模型)”；C“Patent (专利)”；
D“Trademark. (商标)”。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段““I started making them as fast as I could, but I wasn’t able to make
the amount they needed.” Soon Bianca met the group’s other co-founder Andrea Carey and the pair started
creating the creatures in together in their spare time.(“我开始以最快的速度制作它们，但我无法达到它们所需
的数量。”不久，Bianca遇到了该组织的另一位联合创始人Andrea Carey，两人开始在业余时间一起创作
这些生物。)”可知，章鱼模型的需求量很大。再根据最后一段““I have always enjoyed being creative and
my imagination runs wild with colour combinations,” says Bianca, her Facebook page Octopus for a PreemieTasmania accumulating more than 2000 followers. “It makes my day!”(Bianca说：“我一直很喜欢创新，我对
颜色组合的想象力很丰富。”她的Facebook页面“章鱼”为塔斯马尼亚早产儿设计，粉丝已经超过2000
人。“这让我很开心!”)”可知，章鱼模型的粉丝很多。由此，可以推断出章鱼模型很受人们的欢迎。故选
A。
4．推理判断题。根据文章第二段““These stories really do remind us why we all spend so much time and our
own money making these octopuses(章鱼),” Bianca, the co-founder of the project, tells Woman’s Day. “It means
the world to me that I can do something in whatever small way to make the journey for the babies and parents just
that little bit easier. I believe if we can help others, no matter how small a way it is, then we should.”(“这些故事
真的提醒我们为什么我们都花了这么多时间和自己的钱来制作这些章鱼，”该项目的联合创始人Bianca
在接受《妇女之日》采访时表示。“这对我来说意味着整个世界，我可以做一些小事，让婴儿和父母的
旅程更容易一点。我相信，如果我们能帮助别人，不管这个帮助有多小，那我们就应该帮助别人。”)”可
知，Bianca的故事告诉我们小事也能对这个世界有所改变。故选C。
2.主题语境：人与社会-新西兰政府帮助贫困家庭用更清洁的混合动力或电动汽车来替换他们的旧车。
重点单词：replace 代替；extreme 极度的；restrict 限制； response 回应，反应； fund 基金；
ineffective无效的；
Currently, New Zealand’s government announces it will help pay for poorer families to replace their old cars
with cleaner hybrid (混合动力的) or electric ones. The government says it plans to spend $357million on the test
program.
The move is part of a wider plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions(排放物). Greenhouse gases are
believed to cause warming temperatures in the Earth’s atmosphere. New Zealand plans to provide aid for
businesses to reduce emissions and have buses that run on environmentally safe fuel by 2035.The government
also plans to provide food-waste collection for most homes by 2030.
Prime Minister Jacinda Ardem said in a statement, “We’ve all seen the recent reports on sea level rise and its
influence right here in New Zealand. We cannot leave the issue of climate change until it’s too late to fix.” The
plan is a step toward New Zealand’s stated goal of reaching net-zero(净零)carbon emissions by 2050.
Reaching net-zero emissions means not creating more carbon in the atmosphere than oceans and forests can
remove. Ardern said that reducing dependence on traditional fuels would help protect families from extreme price
increases. The plan also sets a goal of reducing total car travel by 20 percent over the next 13years. The programs
will be paid for from a $2.8 billion climate emergency response fund.
Officials said that over time, money collected from polluters would pay for the programs rather than taxes
from families. Some critics of the plan say it continued to be less restrictive on New Zealand’s huge agriculture
industry. Agriculture creates more than half of the nation’s total greenhouse gas emissions. But it is also importantto the economy as the nation’s biggest export earner.
David Seymour is the leader of New Zealand’s ACT political party. He said that some of the announced
programs were proven to be ineffective and had been tried and failed overseas. Seymour added that people should
be able to choose how they reduce emissions through the market-based emissions trading plan.
5．What does New Zealand government plan to do?
A．Increase dependence on traditional fuels.
B．Reduce expense on food-waste collection.
C．Offer businesses help to lessen emissions.
D．Buy cars for families and double car travel.
6．What does Jacinda Ardem suggest doing about the climate change?
A．Observing the sea level rise.
B．Publishing the recent reports.
C．Dealing with the issue instantly.
D．Raising emergency response funds.
7．What can we infer from the text?
A．The move has a goal of reducing the use of buses.
B．Agriculture plays a vital part in the nation’s economy.
C．The announced programs will be applied internationally.
D．Achieving net-zero emissions means creating no carbon at all.
8．What is David Seymour’s attitude towards the programs?
A．Tolerant. B．Unclear. C．Favorable. D．Doubtful.
【答案】5．C 6．C 7．B 8．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了目前，新西兰政府宣布，它将帮助贫困家庭用更清洁的混合
动力或电动汽车来替换他们的旧车。政府表示计划在测试项目上投入3.57亿美元。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“New Zealand plans to provide aid for businesses to reduce emissions and have
buses that run on environmentally safe fuel by 2035.(新西兰计划向企业提供援助，以减少排放，并在2035年
前让公共汽车使用对环境无害的燃料。)”可知，新西兰政府计划为企业减排提供帮助。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Prime Minister Jacinda Ardem said in a statement, “We’ve all seen the recent
reports on sea level rise and its influence right here in New Zealand. We cannot leave the issue of climate change
until it’s too late to fix.”(新西兰总理杰辛达·阿登在一份声明中说：“我们都看到了最近关于海平面上升及
其对新西兰的影响的报道。我们不能放弃气候变化问题，否则为时已晚。”)”可知，Jacinda Ardem建议
要立即解决环境变化问题，故选C。7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Agriculture creates more than half of the nation’s total greenhouse gas
emissions. But it is also important to the economy as the nation’s biggest export earner.(农业排放的温室气体占
全国总排放量的一半以上。但它作为美国最大的出口收入来源，对经济也很重要。)”可推知，农业在国民
经济中起着至关重要的作用。故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“David Seymour is the leader of New Zealand’s ACT political party. He said
that some of the announced programs were proven to be ineffective and had been tried and failed overseas. (David
Seymour是新西兰ACT政党的领导人。他说，已经宣布的一些项目被证明是无效的，在海外已经尝试过，
但失败了。)”可推知，David Seymour对这些项目持怀疑的态度，故选D。
3.
主题语境—人与社会—绿色空间的保护—有助于人们的身心健康。
重点单词: stressed有压力的; establish建立; restore恢复;
More people who feel stressed about living in cities have been seeking protection in green spaces for the
proven positive impacts on physical and mental health,but the benefits of “blue space”— the sea and coastline,but
also rivers,lakes,canals,waterfalls,even fountains — are less well advertised, yet the science has kept in place for
at least a decade: being by water is good for body and mind.
“Many of the processes are exactly the same as with green space — with some added benefits,” says Dr
Mathew White,a senior lecturer at the University of Exeter.
White says there are three established pathways by which the presence of water is positively related to health
and happiness.First,there are the beneficial environmental factors,such as less polluted air and more sunlight.
Second, people who live by water tend to be more physically active. Third — and this is where blue space seems
to have an advantage over other natural environments — water has a psychological recovery effect. When you are
sailing, surfing or swimming, says White, “you’re really in step with natural forces there.”
Catherine Kelly is a wellness practitioner who teaches classes in “mindfulness by the sea”. She says the sea
has a quality that can make people thoughtful.
“To go to the sea means letting go,” says Kelly. “It could be lying on a beach or somebody handing you a
cocktail. For somebody else, it could be a wild, empty coast. But there is this really human sense of: ‘Oh, look,
there’s the sea’— and the shoulders drop.”
9．Why are blue spaces less popular than green spaces?
A．Because green spaces are good to people’s health.
B．Because the benefits of green spaces are better advertised.
C．Because green spaces have more benefits than blue spaces.
D．Because little research has been done on blue spaces.
10．Where is blue space better than other natural environments according to White?A．Water helps people restore mental health.
B．Where there’s water,there’s fresh air.
C．People living near water are healthier.
D．The sea can make people lost in deep thought.
11．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．The sea will put you at ease.
B．The sea will hurt your shoulder.
C．The sea will bring you loneliness.
D．The sea will make you feel down.
12．What does the author mainly want to tell us?
A．People in cities prefer green spaces.
B．Blue spaces benefit your body and mind.
C．Green spaces have been out of date.
D．Ways to keep us healthy.
【答案】9．B 10．A 11．A 12．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是近年来，生活在城市中压力很大的人们在寻求绿色空间的保
护，文章揭示了除了绿色空间，蓝色空间也有助于人们的身心健康。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段中“More people who feel stressed about living in cities have been seeking
protection in green spaces for the proven positive impacts on physical and mental health,but the benefits of “blue
space”— the sea and coastline, but also rivers,lakes,canals,waterfalls,even fountains — are less well advertised,
(越来越多的人对城市生活感到压力，一直在寻求绿色空间的保护，因为事实证明，绿色空间对身心健康
有积极影响，但“蓝色空间”——海洋和海岸线，还有河流、湖泊、运河、瀑布，甚至喷泉——的好处
却很少被宣传)”可知，蓝色空间没有绿色空间那么受欢迎是因为宣传的少。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据第三段中“White says there are three established pathways by which the presence of
water is positively related to health and happiness. First, there are the beneficial environmental factors, such as
less polluted air and more sunlight. Second, people who live by water tend to be more physically active. Third —
and this is where blue space seems to have an advantage over other natural environments — water has a
psychological recovery effect. (怀特说，有三个既定的途径表明，水的存在与健康和幸福呈正相关。首先，
有有利的环境因素，如污染更少的空气和更多的阳光。其次，住在水边的人往往更积极锻炼身体。第三
这也是蓝色空间似乎比其他自然环境更有优势的地方——水有一种心理恢复作用)”可推知，水有助于人们
恢复心理健康。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““To go to the sea means letting go,” says Kelly. “It could be lying on a
beach or somebody handing you a cocktail. For somebody else,it could be a wild, empty coast. But there is thisreally human sense of: ‘Oh,look, there’s the sea’— and the shoulders drop.”(“去海边意味着放手，”凯利说。
“可能是躺在沙滩上，也可能是有人递给你一杯鸡尾酒。对另一些人来说，这可能是一片荒凉、空旷的
海岸。但这是一种真正的人类感觉：‘哦，看，这是大海’——然后肩膀就垂了下来。”)”可推知，大海
会让你放松的。故选A。
12．推理判断题。通读全文文章讲述的是近年来，生活在城市中压力很大的人们在寻求绿色空间的保护，
但文章揭示了除了绿色空间，蓝色空间也有助于人们的身心健康。由此推知，文章的目的是告知人们蓝
色空间有益于人们的身心。故选B。
4.
主题语境-人与社会-社交媒体
重点单词：permanent永久的；false假的；morally道德上；negative负面的，否定的；acknowledge承认，
答谢；being addicted to有瘾；individual个人的；
Since the early to mid-2010s, social media apps have made a permanent home in many people’s phones, and
spending time on social media has become as much of a daily activity as drinking water. Since so many people are
on it for much of their days—especially kids, teens, and young adults—there is increased concern over what
social media is doing to people.
Many argue that social media is an unhealthy way to pass the time, and that false information from online is
causing confusion and panic. This type of thing happens with every generation when something new that people
don’t understand comes along: So many people thought rock-and-roll was making teens morally bad, which really
wasn’t the case. It is fair to say that the teenage years are hard, and that teens need an escape. Back before phones,
teens would listen to rock music as a form of escapism, or they would watch TV, go to the movies, skate around,
or dress up in crazy clothes. Unfortunately, all of those things at one point in time were blamed for being a bad
influence on young people. Social media is the new rock-and-roll: it’s a new thing, and people demonize(妖魔
化)change.
For example, many believe that everything on social media apps is filtered(加滤镜)and that seeing perfect
people and their perfectly edited lives often leads to lots of negative emotions. However, models, magazines. and
movies have been using retouching(修整)tools for photos and media since Photoshop and other post-production
services were invented. Social media has made it easier to see more edited pictures, but social media itself isn’t
making people want to look a certain way. People should acknowledge that these pictures aren’t authentic, and the
posts are made to look good on purpose. Social media is not to blame for body confidence issues when the things
people want to look like aren’t even real in the first place.
It seems like most issues around social media are user errors, like anyone complaining there are too many
people being addicted to social media. However, not everyone is addicted to social media; people who have anygrasp on reality wouldn’t spend every waking second on the phone. It is really up to the individual how they use
social media. Keeping up with the flood of posts, stories, and photos takes a lot of time—many young people
admit that they spend hours on their phones every day. Yet, this seems like an easy problem to solve when the
solution is simply clicking off the phone a couple hours early. Therefore, it is clear that moderation(适度)is the
key to dealing with all the issues around social media.
13．According to para 1, what has happened since the early to mid-2010s?
A．social media apps have made a forever home in many mobile phone stores.
B．people have spent as much time on social media as in drinking water
C．people have downloaded social media apps and spent long time on it
D．Social media apps have been brought home by kids, teens, and young adults
14．Why does the author mention “rock-and-roll” in Paragraph 2?
A．To demonstrate the advantages of social media.
B．To predict the future development of social media.
C．To explain why social media is regarded as negative.
D．To analyze why social media becomes so popular today.
15．What does the author think of posting edited photos on social media apps?
A．Understandable. B．Disturbing. C．Intolerable. D．Convincing
16．Why do some people spend a lot of time on their phones?
A．Because they have grasp on reality
B．Because they want to know what happens.
C．Because they can keep up with the modern trend.
D．Because they are looking for a solution to the errors.
17．What does the text advise people to do about social media?
A．Make the best use of it. B．Completely stay away from it.
C．Prohibit young people from using it. D．Spend reasonable amounts of time on it.
18．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．What makes us so addicted to social media?
B．Why is social media so popular among teenagers?
C．Should we depend on social media for information?
D．Is it right to blame social media for all the problems?
【答案】13．B 14．C 15．A 16．B 17．D 18．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要阐述了人们对社交媒体对人们产生影响的担心以及个人看法。13．细节理解题。根据第一段“Since the early to mid-2010s, social media apps have made a permanent home
in many people’s phones, and spending time on social media has become as much of a daily activity as drinking
water.”（从21世纪初期开始，社交媒体应用程序已经在许多人的手机中占据了永久的位置，花时间在社
交媒体上已经和喝水一样成为日常活动。）可知，人们在社交媒体上花费的时间和在饮用水中花费的时
间一样多。故选B项。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段“This type of thing happens with every generation when something new that
people don’t understand comes along: So many people thought rock-and-roll was making teens morally bad,
which really wasn’t the case.”（这种事情发生在每一代人身上，当人们不理解的新事物出现时：很多人认
为摇滚乐让青少年道德败坏，事实并非如此。）根据第二段“Back before phones, teens would listen to rock
music as a form of escapism, or they would watch TV, go to the movies, skate around, or dress up in crazy clothes.
Unfortunately, all of those things at one point in time were blamed for being a bad influence on young people.
Social media is the new rock-and-roll: it’s a new thing, and people demonize(妖魔化)change.”（早在手机之前，
青少年会听摇滚音乐作为一种逃避现实的方式，或者他们会看电视、看电影、滑冰，或者穿着疯狂的衣
服。不幸的是，所有这些事情都曾一度被指责对年轻人产生了不良影响。社交媒体是新的摇滚乐：它是
一种新事物，人们将改变妖魔化。）可知，为什么作者在第 2段中提到“摇滚乐”是解释为什么社交媒
体被认为是负面的。故选C项。
15．推理判断题。根据第三段“However, models, magazines. and movies have been using retouching(修
整)tools for photos and media since Photoshop and other post-production services were invented. Social media
has made it easier to see more edited pictures, but social media itself isn’t making people want to look a certain
way. People should acknowledge that these pictures aren’t authentic, and the posts are made to look good on
purpose.”（自从Photoshop和其他后期制作服务发明以来，电影一直在使用照片和媒体的润饰工具。社交
媒体让人们更容易看到更多经过编辑的图片，但社交媒体本身并没有让人们想以某种方式观看。人们应
该承认，这些图片不是真实的，这些帖子是故意做得好看的）可知，作者认为社交媒体应用程序上发布
经过编辑的照片是可以理解的。故选A项。
16．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Keeping up with the flood of posts, stories, and photos takes a lot of time—
many young people admit that they spend hours on their phones every day.”（跟上潮水般的帖子、故事和照片
要花很多时间——许多年轻人承认他们每天都要花好几个小时在手机上）可知，为什么有些人花很多时
间在手机上是因为他们想知道发生了什么。故选B项。
17．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Therefore, it is clear that moderation(适度)is the key to dealing with all the
issues around social media.”（因此，很明显，适度是处理社交媒体周围所有问题的关键。）可知，短文建
议人们在社交媒体上合理花费时间。故选D项。
18．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Many argue that social media is an unhealthy way to pass the time, and thatfalse information from online is causing confusion and panic.”（许多人认为社交媒体是一种不健康的消磨时
间的方式，网上的虚假信息会引起困惑和恐慌。）根据最后一段“It seems like most issues around social
media are user errors, like anyone complaining there are too many people being addicted to social media.”（似乎
围绕社交媒体的大多数问题都是用户错误，比如有人抱怨有太多人沉迷于社交媒体。）根据最后一段
“Therefore, it is clear that moderation(适度)is the key to dealing with all the issues around social media.”（因此，
很明显，适度是处理社交媒体周围所有问题的关键。）可知，文章对社交媒体带来的影响进行了陈述，
并分析了造成这种现象的原因，作者认为解决社交媒体带来的问题关键是使用者学会适度使用。由此可
知，短文的最佳标题为“把所有问题都归咎于社交媒体对吗”。故选D项。
5.
主题语境—人与社会—职业抱负—生活满意度。
重点单词：factor因素；investigate调查；financial金融的；horizon视野；
Over the last few years, social mobility (流动性) between the generations has become an important topic.
Many possible factors that prevent children from moving further up the social ladder than their parents have
already been investigated, such as financial resources, the educational system and genetics. Recently, Dr. Reto
Odermatt (University of Basel) and Prof. Dr. Warn Lekfuangfu (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) conducted a
study to investigate the connection between career aspirations (抱负) in social mobility and later life satisfaction.
The basis for the study is a dataset(数据集) that follows the lives of over 17,000 people in the UK who were
all born in the same week in 1958, and continues to collect data to this day. Among other things, the dataset
gathers together information on each individual’s childhood environment, the backgrounds of their parents, the
participants’ abilities, their aspirations in their youth, their jobs and their happiness as an adult.
The authors used this database to investigate how the aspirations of children and young people affect their
later life. And they eventually found that the educational and career aspirations held by participants as teenagers
were among the most important forecasters overall for their later success in education and careers. This indicates
that ambitious career goals motivate people to invest more in their future career success.
The opposite is also the case: unambitious career aspirations can be an important explanation for limited
social mobility. The study showed that young people whose parents were less well educated did indeed have less
ambitious career goals. “This cannot be explained solely (唯一地) by the differences in family income or in
participants’ abilities. It is more the case that inequality seems to begin early on, with their parents’ aspirations for
them,” reasons Odermatt. “We didn’t expect parents’ aspirations for their children to have such a strong
influence.”
“This reminds us that we shouldn’t leave it entirely to parents to influence children’s career aspirations;
schools can step in here,” Odermatt points out. Teaching staff could actively make teenagers aware of careers that
suit their abilities. This could encourage them to look beyond their own horizons. After all, a person’s view of theworld is often strongly defined by their surroundings.
19．What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A．To present previous research findings on social mobility.
B．To introduce the concept of social mobility to readers.
C．To indicate the complexity of social mobility research.
D．To stress the practical significance of the new study.
20．What can we learn about the database of the study?
A．It has some unexpected limitations.
B．It focuses more on children than on adults.
C．It covers many aspects of individuals involved.
D．It was set up through joint efforts of many countries.
21．Which of the following surprised the researchers?
A．“Dreaming big” can have a negative influence on young children.
B．Children’s future can be obviously affected by parents’ aspirations.
C．Educated parents tend to have unambitious aspirations for children.
D．Ambitious career goals can be helpful in removing social inequality.
22．What does Odermatt expect teachers to do?
A．To help students broaden their horizons.
B．To encourage students to try various careers.
C．To make changes to the students’ surroundings.
D．To improve students’ adaptability to new environments.
【答案】19．D 20．C 21．B 22．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究表明，社会流动性中的职业抱负与后来的生活满意度之间有紧密联系。
父母对孩子的期待影响着孩子的未来；学校应该让学生有更广阔的见识，注意自己适合的职业，以提高
他们未来职业生涯的满意度。
19．推理判断题。根据第一段“Over the last few years, social mobility between the generations has become an
important topic. Many possible factors that prevent children from moving further up the social ladder than their
parents have already been investigated, such as financial resources, the educational system and genetics. Recently,
Dr. Reto Odermatt (University of Basel) and Prof. Dr. Warn Lekfuangfu (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid)
conducted a study to investigate the connection between career aspirations in social mobility and later life
satisfaction.( 在过去几年里，代际间的社会流动已经成为一个重要的话题。许多可能阻碍孩子比父母在社
会阶梯上晋升地更高的因素已经被调查过，比如经济资源、教育系统和遗传。最近，Reto Odermatt博士（巴塞尔大学）和Warn Lekfuangfu教授（马德里卡洛斯三世大学）进行了一项研究，调查社会流动性中
的职业抱负与后来的生活满意度之间的联系。)”可知，代际间的社会流动性是一个重要的社会话题，但是
之前的研究涉及的是经济资源、教育系统和遗传等因素，因此这项新的研究——社会流动性中的职业抱
负与后来的生活满意度之间的联系有重要的实际意义，第一段旨在强调这一点，故选D项。
20．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Among other things, the dataset gathers together information on each
individual’s childhood environment, the backgrounds of their parents, the participants’ abilities, their aspirations
in their youth, their jobs and their happiness as an adult.(除此之外，该数据集还收集了每个人的童年环境、父
母背景、参与者的能力、青年时期的抱负、工作以及成年后的幸福感等信息。)”可知，该调查研究涉及个
人的许多方面。故选C项。
21．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“We didn’t expect parents’ aspirations for their children to have such a
strong influence.(没想到父母对孩子的期望会有这么大的影响力。)”可知，让研究者意外的是父母的期望对
孩子的未来有很大影响。故选B项。
22．推理判断题。根据最后一段的前三句““This reminds us that we shouldn’t leave it entirely to parents to
influence children’s career aspirations; schools can step in here,” Odermatt points out. Teaching staff could
actively make teenagers aware of careers that suit their abilities. This could encourage them to look beyond their
own horizons.(“这提醒我们，我们不应该完全让父母来影响孩子的职业抱负；学校可以介入，” Odermatt
指出。师可以积极地让青少年意识到适合他们能力的职业。这可能会鼓励他们超越自己的视野。)”可知，
老师应该帮助学生开阔眼界。故选A项。
6.
主题语境—人与社会-- Abhay兄弟— “Break the Divide”—互动交流。
重点单词：typical典型的；abuse滥用；crisis危机；tackle应对，解决；
Five years ago,Abhay and a group of his Grade10 classmates at Seaquam Secondary School in British
Columbia, Canada, made their first video call to the Arctic. On the other end of the line was Abhay’s 23-year-old
brother, Sukhmeet, a volunteer teaching assistant and his class at East Three Secondary in Inuvik ,North-West
Territories.
The conversation started with typical teen small talk. But as the teens grew more comfortable, the chat turned
serious. Students in Inuvik detailed the legacy or problem of residential schools for native students on their
families, including stories of social problems and alcohol abuse. Seaquam kids shared how they felt helpless to do
anything about the thrcat posed by the climate crisis.
After both groups said their goodbyes, the brothers had an idea: what if the conversation, meant to expand
the students’ perspectives about life outside their hometowns, didn’t have to end? Students, they figured, could
continue to benefit from bridging geographical and cultural differences. They called their organization Break The
Divide. Today, it facilitates conversations and coordinates community action between youth all over the world.“Itall starts with empathy,”Abhay says.
The students at Seaquam used social media to spread the word about their mission to create eye-opening
conversations,and Break The Divide helped them to start their own chapters, providing resources. Individual
chapters are encouraged to connect with each other based on common big-topic interests, such as mental health,
truth and reconciliation actions,and climate change.There are now over two dozen Break The Divide chapters
located across Canada as well as at schools in China, Cambodia, South Africa and Bolivia.
Hundreds of conversations later, the brothers are still optimistic that the core principle of Break The Divide
empathy can play a central role in how youth tackle the issues that matter most to them. “I hope that we can be
part of creating a world where we are all listening to each other,” says Abhay. “Listening with an intent to learn
and to change.”
23．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
A．The two brothers have taught in the same city for five years.
B．The two brothers often make video calls instead of children.
C．Teens from both sides had a friendly and deep conversation.
D．The conversation was only concerned with typical teen small talk.
24．Why did the two brothers call the organization Break the Divide?
A．Students asked them to do so.
B．They wanted to express sympathy.
C．Break the Divide invited them to expand the students’ perspectives.
D．Students could continue to benefit from such interaction hopefully.
25．Who is Break the Divide targeted at?
A．Teachers in Canada. B．Families living in American countries.
C．Teens in Inuvik. D．The youth around the world.
26．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．Magazine. B．Scientific paper.
C．Tourist guide. D．Autobiography.
【答案】23．C 24．D 25．D 26．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Abhay兄弟创建的一个名为“Break the Divide”的组织。该组织为
全世界的青年积极互动交流提供了一个优秀的平台。
23．推理判断题。根据第二段“The conversation started with typical teen small talk. But as the teens grew
more comfortable, the chat turned serious. (谈话开始于典型的青少年寒暄。但随着孩子们彼此逐渐变得熟悉，
谈话变得严肃起来)”可知，通过视频电话交流的孩子们，一开始只是相互寒暄，而后谈论的话题逐渐变得严肃，涉及到很多重大的社会及环境问题，故选C项。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段“what if the conversation, meant to expand the students’ perspectives about life
outside their hometowns, didn’t have to end? Students, they figured, could continue to benefit from bridging
geographical and cultural differences. (如果这场旨在扩大学生们对家乡外广阔世界的看法的对话不必结束呢
他们认为，学生可以继续从弥合地理和文化差异中受益)”可知，Abhay兄弟把这个组织叫做Break the
Divide，因为孩子们可以从这样的互动中开阔视野，增长对外界的了解，因而从中受益良多，故选D项。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段“Today, it facilitates conversations and coordinates community action between
youth all over the world. (今天，它促进了全世界青年之间的对话和协调社区行动)”可知，Break the Divide
组织目标群体是全世界的青年，故选D项。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hundreds of conversations later, the brothers are still optimistic that the core
principle of Break The Divide empathy can play a central role in how youth tackle the issues that matter most to
them. (在数百次谈话之后，兄弟俩仍然乐观地认为，“Break the Divide”的核心原则同理心可以在年轻人
解决对他们来说最重要的问题上发挥核心作用)”可知，这篇文章描述“Break the Divide”组织帮助年轻人
解答人生困惑，应该摘自内容丰富多彩的杂志，而非旅游指南、自传或者科学论文，故选A项。
