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专题 06 阅读理解之细节理解题
2020-2023年高考英语阅读理解考情分析
项目 语篇类型 题型
年份 卷别 应用文 记叙文 说明文 议论文 细节理解 推理判断 主旨要义 词义猜测
新高考I卷 A B C/D 6 7 1 1
新高考Ⅱ卷 A B C/D 8 3 3 1
2023
全国甲卷 A B C/D 9 5 1
全国乙卷 B A/C D 5 8 1 1
新高考I卷 A C D B 10 3 1 1
新高考Ⅱ卷 A B C/D 7 5 1 2
2022
全国甲卷 A C/D B 8 3 3 1
全国乙卷 A C/D B 11 2 1 1
新高考I卷 A B C/D 6 6 2 1
新高考Ⅱ卷 A B C/D 9 4 1 1
2021
全国甲卷 A C B D 6 7 1 1
全国乙卷 A/B/C/D 4 8 2 1
新高考I卷 A B/C D 7 5 1 2
2020 全国I卷 A C/D B 4 8 2 1
全国Ⅱ卷 A D B/C 8 2 3 2
细节理解题是指原文提到了某事物，现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括直接信
息题、直接理解题、间接信息题、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等。这类题型是目前阅读理解中
考查最多的题型，其中前三种是高考英语中常考的题型，后两种近年考查较少。
尽管近几年高考英语阅读试题中推断题呈不断上升的趋势，但细节题仍占有较大比例，而且已由过去
简单的对号入座直接答题，转向通过语句的同义或反义转换来考查对英语语言的理解能力，因此难度比往
年有所增加。
考查文章细节理解的测试题的常见问题：
① This article is particularly written for ...?
② When the writer says … he really means ...?
③ The author’s attitude to… is that ...?
④ What kind of atmosphere does the writer want to create in this passage?
⑤ The writer regards… as ...?
⑥ The writer’s purpose in writing this story is ...高考细节理解题主要分直接辨认和间接辨认两种。
1.直接辨认： 细节的直接辨认不要求读者对客观事实作解释或判断 ， 只要求他们从阅读材料中直接获
取信息 ， 要求学生记住重要的细节 ， 在需要的时候能准确而迅速地 将他们回忆出来。
2.间接辨认： 间接辨认不仅要求读者能从阅读材料中直接获取信息，还要将获得的信息进行同义转换 ，
用同义或近义的形式复述出来 ， 为阅读材料中某些词汇、短语及句型等找到正确的英语释义 ， 以检测考生
的句义复述能力。
题型归纳
题型01 直接信息题
【题型诠释】
对于直接信息题，学生可以首先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在原
文中直接找到明确的信息，往往只考查文章中的个别事实，通常只涉及原文一两句话的信息。也就是说，
命题者设置的题目比较直接，理解字面意思即可作答。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的
信息，或是其变体，大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。
做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，
再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。
【典例1】(2023上·江苏南通·高三如皋市搬经中学校联考期中)
Welcome to our stand-up comedy classes
This is the workshop where beginners have grown into headliners and headliners have grown into stars. Our
workshop stresses stand-up comedy writing and performing — the two key components of stand-up comedy.
Our classes are conducted by award-winning, comedy director and writer Stephen Rosenfield and his stand-up
staff. They are conducted so that when it’s time for your club performance, you will have solidly written, funny
material and you will be well rehearsed and ready to perform beyond your expectations. These stand-up comedy
classes are offered to both beginners and advanced students. The workshop consists of group classes, private
coaching sessions and a performance at Gotham or West Side Comedy Club.
Seats available: 2
Start date: May 17thIn-person show: May 20th at Gotham Comedy Club
Live streamed show: May 22nd on YouTube
Fees:
If you are a first time student: $410. If you are a returning student: $350.
We accept cash, checks or credit cards.
Your instructor: Becky Veduccio
Becky has been a professional comedian, writer and actress for over 15 years. She has performed stand-up
comedy in New York, Los Angeles, Las Vegas and London. Besides, she has appeared in commercials, theater and
feature films. And she competed in the 2018 season of America’s GotTalent.
Her film works include Return to Me, Maid in Manhattan and Random Hearts. As a writer, she was chosen as
one of Parenting. com’s top five “Favorite Mommy Bloggers” for her humorous articles on the website. In 2015,
she won the New York Press Club Award for humorous writing. As an instructor, Becky has taught stand-up
comedy to every age group — from elementary school kids and teenagers to university students and adults. She
believes everyone has a comedic voice.
1. What can be learned about the workshop?
A. There are three seats left at present. B. It focuses on both writing and acting.
C. There are online shows on May 20th. D. It is specially designed for headliners.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Our workshop stresses stand-up comedy writing and performing — the
two key components of stand-up comedy. (我们的研讨班强调单口喜剧的写作和表演，这是单口喜剧的两个
关键组成部分。)”可知，研讨班专注于写作和表演。故选B项。
2. How much will a returning student save on the fee?
A. $10. B. $50. C. $60. D. $80.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据Fees部分中“If you are a first time student: $410. If you are a returning student:
$350. (如果你是新生：410美元。如果你是老生：350美元。)”可知，老生可以节省60美元的学费。故选
C项。
题型02 直接理解题
【题型诠释】
细节类阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。其中的直接理解题，在原文中
可以直接找到答案。因此所选答案一定要符合原文，这里的符合原文是指所选答案有下列特征：1. 是原文的再现；2. 是原文的改写；3. 是原文的简化。
这类题主要形式有广告、公告、演出信息、航班时刻表等。做这类题时没有必要阅读全文，宜采用
“题干定位法”。根据题干中提供的信息，快速从原文中找到相应的信息。
【典例2】(2023上·安徽合肥·高三合肥一六八中学校联考阶段练习)
Camping tips: Which overnight wilderness experience is right for you?
If you’re an experienced backpacker, read no further. This article is for camping rookies, those who have never
slept beneath the stars or haven’t pitched a tent since their youth but are seriously thinking about overnighting in
the wilderness.
Car camping
At its most basic, car camping involves packing a tent, sleeping bag, fold-up chair, cooler and camp stove into
your vehicle and staying at a drive-up campground. Nearly every national park, and many state and county parks
and private facilities, offer drive-up campgrounds with restrooms, potable water, fire rings or pits, and maybe even
hot showers. So there are lots of choices.
The downside of car camping is the fact that these campgrounds are often packed with other campers. Not a
lot of privacy, they can be noisy, and possibly hinder your quest of communing with nature.
Backpacking
No vehicle required; just your feet and a good pair of hiking boots or shoes to get you to the next overnight
spot. A multi-day hiking trip is without doubt the most immersive way to experience the great outdoors.
Different from maybe car camping, it requires the least expense and equipment. All you really need are a
backpack, sleeping bag, water bottle, small first-aid kit, enough food to last the entire travel. It can be done just
about anywhere on the planet.
Boat Camping
While this does involve owning or renting a watercraft or using a ferry or water taxi service to reach the
overnight site, camping via canoe, kayak, raft or boat offers a similar get-away-from-it-all adventure as
backpacking.
Experienced paddlers and boaters usually prefer to camp on their own along a secluded shoreline. But many
adventure or wilderness outfitters offer guided trips that can last anywhere from a couple of days to two or three
weeks. With a boat, you can sometimes camp places that not even backpackers can reach.
22. What can you learn from the passage?
A. Backpacking allows you to communicate with nature deeply.B. Car camping is the most economic way to experience nature.
C. The drive-up campgrounds provide people with private environment.
D. Boat camping offers the same adventures as backpacking.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据Backpacking中“A multi-day hiking trip is without doubt the most immersive way
to experience the great outdoors. (多日徒步旅行无疑是体验户外美景的最身临其境的方式)”可知，背包旅行
可以让你与自然进行深入的交流。故选A项。
题型03 间接信息题
【题型诠释】
间接信息题一般无法在文中直接找到明确的信息，因为其答案选项的表述通常不是使用文章的原话，
而是使用与文中同义或近义的词语来表达。考生需对原文信息进行加工处理，然后再进一步推理鉴别；做
这类题目时，学生需要对原文信息进行加工处理，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别，这是介于事实细节题
和推理判断题之间的一种题型，对学生来说有一定难度。
做这类题时学生可运用排除法，将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项提前排除。
【典例3】(2023上·江苏苏州·高三苏州中学校考期中) The older I get, the more I understand how my
teachers have transformed my life.
On a recent Sunday afternoon, I went to see Mr. C at Roxbury Park in Beverly Hills. His love of life has not
faded despite the fact that his legs no longer work like they used to. He visited some of his former students while he
was in town. At Beverly Hills High School, Mr. C taught ancient history, coached football and golf, and risked his
life teaching driver’s training on Saturday mornings from 1964 to 1988. The now gray students lined up one after
another to thank their favorite teacher. One called him a rock star. Another thanked him for knowing he needed help
when he couldn’t say so. It was a beautiful tribute (致敬), especially in these times of severe teacher shortages.
Mr. C deserves our love. To say that Mr. C changed my life is an understatement. And by that, I mean he
changed who I thought I could be. Rather than seeing myself as a loser cheerleader who couldn’t compete with the
smart kids, I realized how much I loved learning. His history class was so interesting. In his classes about the
Persians, Greeks, and Romans, extra credits can be earned for creativity. During earthquake drills, we counted on
Mr. C to scream his head off in pretended terror.
It should come as little surprise that I’d value the role of teachers in my life. Both of my parents taught; so did
my brothers, aunts, uncles and cousins. I, too, have become a teacher and I try to follow in Mr. C’s footsteps. Somedays, I fantasize what it would be like to go on a teacher tour, reaching out to my mentors to express my deep
gratitude for all they’ve given me. Seeing Mr. C sparked that fantasy again. When I finally worked up my courage
to thank him, knowing a floodgate of tears would open, he said to me with his typical modesty, “You were doing
me more good than I was doing you.”
4. Why was the tribute to Mr. C particularly touching?
A. Mr. C’s passion for life dimmed due to injuries.
B. Mr. C worked hard when school was short-handed.
C. Mr. C was treated as a rock star by his colleagues.
D. Mr. C risked his life in teaching football and golf.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“It was a beautiful tribute (致敬), especially in these times of
severe teacher shortages. (这是一个美丽的致敬，特别是在这个教师严重短缺的时代。)”可知，对C先生的
致敬特别感人是因为C先生在学校人手不足时努力工作。故选B。
5. Which is not the reason why Mr. C became a beloved teacher?
A. His history class was engaging. B. He coached students in earthquake drills.
C. He encouraged innovative ideas. D. He sparked students’ interest in learning.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Mr. C deserves our love. To say that Mr. C changed my life is an
understatement. And by that, I mean he changed who I thought I could be. Rather than seeing myself as a loser
cheerleader who couldn’t compete with the smart kids, I realized how much I loved learning. His history class was
so interesting. In his classes about the Persians, Greeks, and Romans, extra credits can he earned for creativity.
During earthquake drills, we counted on Mr. C to scream his head off in pretended terror.(C先生值得我们爱。说
C先生改变了我的生活是轻描淡写的。我是说他改变了我对自己的看法。我不再把自己看作是一个无法与
聪明的孩子竞争的失败者啦啦队长，而是意识到我是多么热爱学习。他的历史课很有趣。在他关于波斯人、
希腊人和罗马人的课程中，他可以因创造力而获得额外的学分。地震演习时，我们指望 C先生假装害怕地
尖叫。)”可知，C先生并没有在地震演习中训练学生。故选B。
题型04 数字计算题
【题型诠释】
数字计算题也是近几年高考中常考的内容，此类试题是在文章中直接表现出来细节事实，有的要经过
具体的计算才能够得出正确的答案。具体的计算题可以是对年代的计算、月份的计算或比例的计算等。文
章中经常会出现许多数字，它们对解题产生一定的影响。解答此类试题的方法是先理解文章的大意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等就能够得出正确的答案。
【典例4】(2023上·重庆沙坪坝·高三重庆八中校考阶段练习) Benefiting from the 5,000 years history,
many ancient cities exist in the vast land of China. Here are 4 ancient cities in China and each has their unique
features.
Shangqiu Ancient City
●History: 4,000 years
●Opening Hours: 08:00-17:30 in winter; 08:00-18: 00 in summer
●Ticket Price: ¥70 per combo ticket (组合票)
Situated in the Yellow River Valley, Shangqiu area is considered the birthplace of Chinese civilization. The
best time to visit it is around the Chinese New Year, when the grandest temple fair at Shangqiu is held to worship
the God of Fire.
Ancient City of Pingyao
●History: 2,700 years
●Opening Hours: 08: 00-17: 30
●Ticket Price: Free entry
It has no charming landscape, green mountains or clear waters. What is unique there is the well-pre served
ancient city with a grand City Wall, traditional residences, time-honored shops, and even the previous government
office.
Fenghuang Ancient Town
●History: 467 years
●Opening Hours: all day;08: 00-17: 30 for Tuo River day cruise;18: 00-22: 30 for night cruise
●Ticket Price: Free entry
Constructed in 1556, Fenghuang Ancient Town is another historical city in China known for ethnic diversity.
Generations of Miao, Tujia and Han people live here, and it now accommodates28 ethnic groups in total.
Huizhou Ancient City
●History: 2,240 years
●Opening Hours: 08: 00-17: 00
●Ticket Price: ¥95 for one adult; ¥140 for one adult and one child; ¥230 for two adults and one child. Huizhou
Ancient City is famous for its unique architectural style since the old days. The Huizhou-style building is one of the
most important architectural schools in China, using bricks, wood, and stones as the raw materials.23. How much will a family of a couple and a child pay for Huizhou Ancient City?
A. ¥95. B. ¥140. C. ¥230. D. ¥235.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据Huizhou Ancient City中的“Ticket Price: ¥95 for one adult; ¥140 for one adult and
one child; ¥230 for two adults and one child (票价：成人95元；成人1人、儿童1人140元；2名成人和1名
儿童230元)”可知，一对夫妇，即两名成年人和一个孩子共支付230元。故选C项。
题型05 排列顺序题
【题型诠释】
排序题要求考生根据事件发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生、发展的正确顺序。
如果是记叙文，排序题通常以事件发生的时间为线索；如果是说明文，排序题通常以说明的先后顺序为线索；
如果是议论文，排序题通常以逻辑顺序为线索。从近几年高考试题来看，这类试题主要出现在记叙文和说明文
中。近几年高考英语题中，这类试题出现较少，但也需要引起学生注意。
解答此类试题的方法：可采用“首尾定位法”，即先找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，迅速缩小选择
范围，从而快速选出正确答案。
【典例5】(2023上·湖北·高三华中师大一附中校考期中) With the availability of easy-to-use at-home kits,
DNA testing for dogs has become increasingly popular among dog owners in recent years. It can provide invaluable
insights into a dog’s breed, health risks, and even behaviors.
DNA testing typically works by analyzing the genetic material found in a sample of cells taken from the inside
of your dog’s cheek. This sample is then compared to a database of known breeds and genetic markers associated
with certain traits or health conditions.
The first step in obtaining a DNA test kit is selecting which type you want. Most companies offer several
different types of tests that vary in cost and complexity. For instance, some tests just analyze your dog’s breed
composition, while others can assess additional genetic markers associated with certain diseases or behaviors.
Then it’s time to collect your dog’s sample using the provided swab (拭子) kit or saliva-collection tube
included with most kits. The swab should be gently rubbed inside your pet’s cheek according to the kit’s directions
before being placed into the collection container provided by the company. After collecting the sample, it should be
mailed back to the laboratory for processing according to instructions given by the company providing the service.
Once received by the lab, it typically takes 1-2 weeks for results to be processed and sent back via email or mail.
Results will vary depending on which type of test was purchased, but they generally include detailed informationabout your pet’s breed composition as well as any potential health risks or behavioral traits associated with their
genetics that could affect their overall well-being and quality of life.
If you’re looking for an easy way to learn more about your pup’s background without spending too much
money, then DNA testing might just be right up your alley.
10. What is the correct order of having an DNA test?
①get the sample processed ②rub the swab gently ③receive the result
④select the type of test ⑤place the swab into the container ⑥mail the sample back to the lab
A. ④-②-⑤-⑥-①-③ B. ④ ⑤-①-②-⑥-③
C. ②-⑤-④-①-⑥-③ D. ②-④-⑤-⑥-①-③
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题中的排列顺序题。根据第三段“The first step in obtaining a DNA test kit is selecting
which type you want. (获得DNA检测试剂盒的第一步是选择你想要的类型。)”和第四段“Then it’s time to
collect your dog’s sample using the provided swab (拭子) kit or saliva-collection tube included with most kits. The
swab should be gently rubbed inside your pet’s cheek according to the kit’s directions before being placed into the
collection container provided by the company. After collecting the sample, it should be mailed back to the
laboratory for processing according to instructions given by the company providing the service. Once received by
the lab, it typically takes 1-2 weeks for results to be processed and sent back via email or mail. Results will vary
depending on which type of test was purchased, but they generally include detailed information about your pet’s
breed composition as well as any potential health risks or behavioral traits associated with their genetics that could
affect their overall well-being and quality of life.(然后是时候使用大多数试剂盒中提供的拭子试剂盒或唾液采
集管采集你的狗的样本了。在将拭子放入公司提供的收集容器之前，应根据试剂盒的指示在宠物的脸颊内
轻轻擦拭。采集样本后，应根据提供服务的公司的指示将样本邮寄回实验室进行处理。一旦实验室收到结
果，通常需要1-2周的时间来处理并通过电子邮件或邮件发回。根据购买的测试类型，结果会有所不同，
但通常包括有关宠物品种组成的详细信息，以及任何潜在的健康风险或与其基因相关的行为特征，这些信
息可能会影响宠物的整体健康和生活质量。)”可知，做DNA检测的顺序应该是：④选择测试类型，②轻轻
擦拭拭子，⑤将拭子放入容器，⑥将样本邮寄回实验室，①处理样本，③接收结果。故选A。
题型06 图表图画题
【题型诠释】
在有图表图画的阅读理解中，有的图表图画出现在阅读理解文章中，有的出现在选项中，这些图片的出现
增加了试题的直观性，同时也暗含着和文章内容相关的信息。学生应该把握准图表图画中的一些细微处，找准
和题干相关的信息，不得疏忽。解答此类试题的时候, 一定要把握图表图画中所暗含的信息, 特别是有些事实是通过图片来叙述的, 我
们可以采用按图寻找正确答案的方法。
【典例6】(2023上·山东青岛·高三山东省青岛第五十八中学校考期中)
Bringing Goods into the UK
You are allowed to bring some goods for personal use without paying tax or duty.
Arrivals from EU countries
You can bring goods from EU countries without being charged tax or duty if they are:
●transported by yourself; ●a gift or for personal use; ●bought with tax and duty included
You can bring alcohol and tobacco from EU countries without restriction but an inquiry might be required
depending on the amount of your goods.
Arrivals from outside the EU
You will be free of duty or tax on certain amounts of goods brought from outside the EU, as long as they are
for your own use. Any goods that are beyond your allowance should be declared.
Alcohol & tobacco allowance
Type of Wine (not
Cigarettes Cigars Tobacco Beer Spirits Alcoholic drinks
goods sparking wine)
1
Amount 200 50 250 grams 16 litres 4 litres 2 litres
litres
※There are no duty-free allowances for tobacco or alcohol if you’re under 17.
Allowance for other goods:
The maximum value of other goods you can bring is £390. Any single item that is worth more than the
allowance will be charged duty or tax on its full value.
The rate of duty or tax on items above the allowance is:
●2.5% for goods worth up to £630;
●decided by the type of goods worth above £630-check by calling the VAT, Customs and Excise Helpline.
Inside the UK; 0300 200 3700
Outside the UK: +44 2920 501 261
Working time: 8 am to 6 pm, Monday to Friday,
Banned and restricted goods
Goods banned include:
●illegal drugs; ●offensive weapons; ●endangered animal and plant species;●meat and dairy products from most non-EU countries.
Food and plant products restricted include;
●products containing pests and diseases;
●products grown outside the EU;
●products not for your own use.
We reserve the right to seize the goods which are on suspicion of violating intellectual property rights.
4. Which of the following products from outside the EU has the largest duty-free allowance?
A. Beer. B. Wine (not sparkling wine).
C. Spirits. D. Alcoholic drinks.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据Alcohol & tobacco allowance 表格中“Beer：16 litres(啤酒：16升)”是所有
商品中数额最大的，故“啤酒”这种来自欧盟以外的产品有最大的免税额度。故选A。
5. How much tax shall one coming from China pay for a ring bought in America worth £500?
A. £2. 75 B. £12.5 C. £110. D. £130.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据 “The rate of duty or tax on items above the allowance is: ●2.5% for goods worth
up to £630(超过免税额的物品的税率为：●630英镑以下的商品价格为2.5%)”可知，一个来自中国的人在美
国买一枚价值500英镑的戒指要交税500*2.5%=12.5英镑。故选B。
6. Which of the following items shall be banned or restricted?
A. A set of Russian dolls. B. A bottle of French wine.
C. A brick of Australian cheese. D. A package of Spanish cigarettes.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据“Goods banned include: ●meat and dairy products from most non-EU countries.(禁
止的商品包括：来自大多数非欧盟国家的肉类和奶制品)”可知，澳大利亚奶酪砖会被禁止带入。故选C。
高考练场
题型01 直接信息题
(2023年新课标高考英语I卷A篇)
Bike Rental & Guided ToursWelcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the
most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless
lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With
over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available
for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with
hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour €7.50 €5.00
3 hours €11.00 €7.50
1 day (24 hours) €14.75 €9.75
Each additional day €8.00 €6.00
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and
much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy
your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
22. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?
A. €15.75. B. €19.50. C. €22.75. D. €29.50.
23. Where does the guided city tour start?
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.
题型02 直接理解题
(2023 年新课标高考英语甲卷 B 篇) Terri Boltonis a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself).
Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do
herself.
She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26,
accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £ 5 in pocket money. She
says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout
the house. It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.”Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from
losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always
like to personalise my room and put up pictures. So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a
room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”
With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more
than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average
spend per project will be around £ 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifth
wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research
shows it is women now leading the charge.
26. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented?
A. By making it look like before. B. By furnishing it herself.
C. By splitting the rent with a roommate. D. By cancelling the rental agreement.
27. What trend in DIY does the research show?
A. It is becoming more costly. B. It is getting more time-consuming.
C. It is turning into a seasonal industry. D. It is gaining popularity among females.
题型03 间接信息题
(2023年新课标高考英语乙卷C篇) What comes into your mind when you think of British food? Probably
fish and chips, or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting? Even
though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear
frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.
It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-
and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported
that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers
would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students
applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what
people think about cooking.
According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV
has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料)
than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults
say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, andyoung people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through
television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an
increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.
28. What do people usually think of British food?
A. It is simple and plain. B. It is rich in nutrition.
C. It lacks authentic tastes. D. It deserves a high reputation.
30. Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now?
A. 20%. B. 24%. C. 25%. D. 33%.
题型04 数字计算题
(2022年新课标高考英语乙卷A篇)
Henry Raeburn (1756—1823)
The Exhibition
This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland’s best loved painter, Sir
Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition
of his work to be held in over forty years.
Lecture Series
Scottish National Portrait (肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held
in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.
An Introduction to Raeburn Raeburn’s English Contemporaries
Sunday 26 Oct.,15:00 Thursday 30 Oct., 13:10
DUNCAN THOMSON JUDY EGERTON
Characters and Characterisation in Raeburn’s Raeburn and Artist’s Training in the 18th Century
Portraits
Thursday 13 Nov.,13:10
Thursday 6 Nov., 13:10
MARTIN POSTLE
NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON
Exhibition Times
Monday-Saturday: 10:00-17:45
Sunday: 12:00 -17:45
Last admission to the exhibition: 17:15.There is no re-admission.
Closed: 24-26 December and 1 January
Admission
￡4: Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.Schools and Colleges
A special low entrance charge of ￡2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including
those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.
22. How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?
A.￡4. B.￡8. C.￡12. D.￡16.
名校模拟
A
(2023上·安徽合肥·高三合肥一六八中学校联考阶段练习)
Camping tips: Which overnight wilderness experience is right for you?
If you’re an experienced backpacker, read no further. This article is for camping rookies, those who have never
slept beneath the stars or haven’t pitched a tent since their youth but are seriously thinking about overnighting in
the wilderness.
Car camping
At its most basic, car camping involves packing a tent, sleeping bag, fold-up chair, cooler and camp stove into
your vehicle and staying at a drive-up campground. Nearly every national park, and many state and county parks
and private facilities, offer drive-up campgrounds with restrooms, potable water, fire rings or pits, and maybe even
hot showers. So there are lots of choices.
The downside of car camping is the fact that these campgrounds are often packed with other campers. Not a
lot of privacy, they can be noisy, and possibly hinder your quest of communing with nature.
Backpacking
No vehicle required; just your feet and a good pair of hiking boots or shoes to get you to the next overnight
spot. A multi-day hiking trip is without doubt the most immersive way to experience the great outdoors.
Different from maybe car camping, it requires the least expense and equipment. All you really need are a
backpack, sleeping bag, water bottle, small first-aid kit, enough food to last the entire travel. It can be done just
about anywhere on the planet.
Boat Camping
While this does involve owning or renting a watercraft or using a ferry or water taxi service to reach the
overnight site, camping via canoe, kayak, raft or boat offers a similar get-away-from-it-all adventure as
backpacking.Experienced paddlers and boaters usually prefer to camp on their own along a secluded shoreline. But many
adventure or wilderness outfitters offer guided trips that can last anywhere from a couple of days to two or three
weeks. With a boat, you can sometimes camp places that not even backpackers can reach.
1. Who are the intended readers?
A. Red-blooded males. B. White-collar staff. C. Blue-blooded tourists. D. Green-hand campers.
2. What can you learn from the passage?
A. Backpacking allows you to communicate with nature deeply.
B. Car camping is the most economic way to experience nature.
C. The drive-up campgrounds provide people with private environment.
D. Boat camping offers the same adventures as backpacking.
3. In which column will you find this passage?
A. Feature. B. Style. C. Travel. D. Entertainment.
B
(2023上·安徽合肥·高三合肥一中校考阶段练习) On July 11, 2023, scientists selected Crawford Lake in
Canada to represent the start of the Anthropocene, a new geological (地质的) time period dominated by human
beings instead of the force of nature. The scientists said that sediments (沉积物) at the bottom of the lake clearly
show the impact of industrialized humanity on Earth from the 1950s onwards.
The Anthropocene Working Group (AWG) was set up in 2009. In 2016, it concluded that human-caused
changes to Earth were so great that a new geological time unit was necessary. The AWG then assessed twelve sites
across the world as candidates for what geologists call a “golden spike”, the place where the sudden and global
changes marking the start of the new geological time period are best recorded in Earth. After three rounds of voting,
the AWG selected Crawford Lake.
“The lake is 24 meters deep but covers only 6 acres,” said Francine McCarthy, a member of the AWG. “It is so
special that the bottom waters and surface waters do not mix, except for what gently sinks to the bottom and settles
down in sediments. As a result, they allow us to see the changes in Earth history.”
The AWG has chosen the plutonium isotopes (钚同位素) from H-bomb tests as the key marker for the
Anthropocene, as they were spread globally from 1952 but declined rapidly after the nuclear test ban in the
mid-1960s, creating a spike in sediments. There are other important markers in the lake sediments, including CO
2
fingerprints produced by the burning of fossil fuels in power plants.
“The 1950s saw the start of a sharp increase in industrial, transport and economic activities that have had huge
impacts on Earth,” added McCarthy. “But it is the sharp increase in plutonium specifically that we chose as the keymarker.”
Experts said the decision has social and political importance, as it would draw attention to the role that
industrialized humanity plays in shaping Earth. The climate crisis is the most obvious impact of the Anthropocene,
but huge losses of wildlife, the spread of foreign species, and the widespread pollution of the planet are also key
features.
4. Why is Crawford Lake selected as the “golden spike”?
A. It can best show the sudden and global changes in Earth.
B. It is close to the testing site of the first nuclear bomb.
C. It can completely separate its sediments from the air.
D. It is located in one of the most industrialized countries.
5. When did the Anthropocene start?
A. In 1950. B. In 1952. C. In 2009. D. In 2016.
6. What is considered as the key marker for the Anthropocene?
A. The climate crisis. B. The losses of wildlife.
C. The CO fingerprints. D. The plutonium isotopes.
2
7. What might be the significance of the adoption of the Anthropocene?
A. It will play a key role in slowing down industrialization.
B. It might help human beings to understand their importance.
C. It would raise public awareness of environment protection.
D. It can encourage the unity between the public and politicians.
C
(2023上·福建厦门·高三厦门一中校考期中) The curb cut (路缘坡). It’s a convenience that most of us rarely,
if ever, notice. Yet, without it, daily life might be a lot harder—in more ways than one. Pushing a baby stroller onto
the curb, skateboarding onto a sidewalk or taking a full grocery cart from the sidewalk to your car—all these tasks
are easier because of the curb cut.
But it was created with a different purpose in mind.
It’s hard to imagine today, but back in the 1970s, most sidewalks in the United States ended with a sharp drop-
off. That was a big deal for people in wheelchairs because there were no ramps to help them move along city blocks
without assistance. According to one disability rights leader, a six-inch curb “might as well have been Mount
Everest”. So, activists from Berkeley, California, who also needed wheelchairs, organized a campaign to create tiny
ramps at intersections to help people dependent on wheels move up and down curbs independently.I think about the “curb cut effect” a lot when working on issues around health equity (公平). The first time I
even heard about the curb cut was in a 2017 Stanford Social Innovation Review piece by Policy Link CEO Angela
Blackwell. Blackwell rightly noted that many people see equity as “a zero-sum game (零和游戏)” and that it is
commonly believed that there is a “prejudiced societal suspicion that intentionally supporting one group hurts
another.” What the curb cut effect shows though, Blackwell said, is that “when society creates the circumstances
that allow those who have been left behind to participate and contribute fully, everyone wins.”
There are multiple examples of this principle at work. For example, investing in policies that create more
living-wage jobs or increase the availability of affordable housing certainly benefits people in communities that
have limited options. But, the action also empowers those people with opportunities for better health and the means
to become contributing members of society—and that benefits everyone. Even the football huddle (密商) was
initially created to help deaf football players at Gallaudet College keep their game plans secret from opponents who
could have read their sign language. Today, it’s used by every team to prevent the opponent from learning about
game-winning strategies.
So, next time you cross the street, or roll your suitcase through a crosswalk or ride your bike directly onto a
sidewalk—think about how much the curb cut, that change in design that broke down walls of exclusion for one
group of people at a disadvantage, has helped not just that group, but all of us.
8. What does the underlined quote from the disability rights leader imply concerning a six-inch curb?
A. It is an unforgettable symbol. B. It is an impassable barrier.
C. It is an important sign. D. It is an impressive landmark.
9. According to Angela Blackwell, what do many people believe?
A. It’s not worthwhile to promote health equity.
B. It’s necessary to go all out to help the disabled.
C. It’s impossible to have everyone treated equally.
D. It’s fair to give the disadvantaged more help than others.
10. Which of the following examples best illustrates the “curb cut effect” principle?
A. Spaceflight designs are applied to life on earth.
B. Four great inventions of China spread to the west.
C. Christopher Columbus discovered the new world.
D. Classic literature got translated into many languages.
11. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?
A. Caring for disadvantaged groups may finally benefit all.B. Action empowers those with opportunities for better solutions.
C. Society should create circumstances that get everyone involved.
D. Everyday items are originally invented for people in need of help.
D
(2023上·福建福州·高三福建师大附中校考期中) Going green is good for business. Consumers are often
willing to pay more for eco-friendly products than other comparable products on the market, according to market
research. But not all environmental claims are created equally. “Greenwashing” is a form of misinformation often
used to fascinate an enthusiastic green consumer. Companies promising to be sustainable, or biodegradable
sometimes fail to meet the promises they make to consumers.
Greenwashing is particularly common in the fashion industry, says Maxine Bédat, director of The New
Standard Institute, a think tank (智库) focused on improving the industry’s environmental standards. Being
sustainable is the latest trend and a way for the industry to attract consumers. “I think we’re at the top of green
washing in the industry,” she says.”
Retailers (零售商) will mislead consumers by distracting them from a company’s larger issues. For example, a
large retailer might roll out a new line of products, such as jeans, that uses less water and therefore theoretically has
less of an environmental impact than the other clothes the company sells. “You think ‘Oh that sounds great,’” Bédat
says. But that same company might ignore water usage in the rest of their products lines, while doing nothing to
address the other ways that their production might be harming the environment.
When it comes to fashion, Bérdat says to rethink shopping habits. After all, buying a new sweater labeled
“carbon neutral (碳中和)” still produces more carbon than wearing a sweater already in your closet. She notes,
“The most sustainable thing you can do as a consumer is wear the things you have more.”
As more companies look to cash in on sustainable marketing, governments are beginning to take more action
to safeguard consumers. In New York, The Fashion Act would require fashion companies operating in the state to
obey the Paris Climate Agreement. A new law brought forth by members of the European Union would more
strictly regulate environmental claims and sustainability labels slapped on products sold in Europe.
12. What is the purpose of greenwashing?
A. To advocate proper use of water. B. To introduce green ways to wash clothes.
C. To reduce the impact on environment. D. To appeal to those eco-friendly customers.
13. What does the example in paragraph 3 present?
A. A new trend in fashion. B. A new kind of product.
C. A trick of greenwashing. D. A large issue of a company.14. What is Bérdat’s attitude towards greenwashing?
A. Doubtful. B. Indifferent. C. Disapproving. D. Tolerant.
15. Why did European Union put forward a new law?
A. To enhance the quality of products. B. To shelter customers from greenwashing.
C. To raise people’s awareness of going green. D. To encourage carbon-neutral product lines.
