文档内容
专题 11 七选五之利用设空位置解题
01专题网络·思维脑图
02考情分析·解密高考
03高频考点·以考定法
考点 利用设空位置解题
【高考解密】
命题点01 设空在段首
命题点02 设空在段中
命题点03 设空在段尾
【技巧解密】
【考向预测】
04核心素养·微专题
微专题 段首主旨句易错陷阱
05创新好题·分层练考点 考查内容
利 核心价值：
高考英语试卷取材广泛、体裁多样，引导学生德智体美劳全面发展，加强对中华优秀传统文化和
用
社会主义先进文化的考查，充分发挥文化铸魂的育人功能。
设
第一，强化体美劳教育引导，夯实全面发展基础。在美育融入试题方面，全国Ⅱ卷阅读题开启艺
术之旅的语篇，这些语篇旨在引导学生加深对艺术的认识，培养健康向上的审美情趣。在劳动教
空
育融入试题方面，各套试卷的语篇包含了学校园艺项目，烹饪习惯的改变等信息，涉及多种工作
位 场景，旨在引导学 生形成劳动观念，在学习和生活中培养劳动精神。
置 第三，关注时代发展与生活实践，引导学生培养核心素养。2023 年全国卷通过选取极简主义生
活、群体智慧效应、印刷书籍对人类的意义，实物对历史的重要性等具有探讨性和思辨性的材
解 料，引导学生形成独立思考的习惯，培养主动发现问题和解决问题的能力；通过选取建造生态机
器来净化污水等语篇，激发学生对科学实验与研究的兴趣通。
题
学科素养：1. 从话题选择来看，近三年围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题全面考查英语综合运用
能力，试题取材广泛、体裁多样，进一步体现考试对五育（德、智、体、美、劳）全面发展的引
导作用，加强对中华优秀传统文化、和社会主义先进文化的考查，充分发挥文化铸魂育人功能。
落实立德树人，彰显德育本色 。
2. 从命题方向及趋势来看，全国卷试题高考英语试题整体难度稳定且适中，从教材出发，强调主
干知识的运用以及基本能力的考查。同时全国卷试题高考英语试题注重考查学生的思维品质、创
新能力以及解决实际问题的能力。
高考考题设问
考查类别
项目 语篇类
主题语境
卷别 型 段首 段中 段尾句
句 句
新高考Ⅰ卷
说明文 人与自我·自我原谅的一些具体方法 0 4 1
新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与社会·开始艺术之旅的好建议 1 3 1
2023年1月· 人与社会·如何使坐火车旅行尽可能愉
说明文 1 4 0
2023
浙江卷 快的建议
人与自我·介绍了成为一个有耐心的人
甲卷 说明文 1 3 1
的技巧
人与自然·介绍了在室内种植植物的好
乙卷 说明文 0 3 1
处以及如何选择适宜室内种植的植物
新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与社会·寻找锻炼伙伴 0 4 1
2022 甲卷 说明文 人与社会·外出用餐礼仪 1 3 1
乙卷 说明文 人与社会·如何维持友谊 3 1 1
新高考Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与社会·体验巴黎人的生活 1 4 0
2021 甲卷 说明文 人与社会·旧衣物交换活动 1 4 0
乙卷 说明文 人与自我·使自己变得有趣 2 2 1
命题点01 设空在段首
典例01
【2023·全国甲卷·片段】
● ___19___.So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience
something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to
yourself, “___20Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding___.” You’ll then gradually
become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
典例02
【2022·全国乙卷·节选】
· 39
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.Although technology might
make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days.Simply keeping a diary that
keeps track of friends' birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
A．Remember important dates
B．Compensate by writing letters
C．It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
典例03
【2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选】Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As
someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 38.The food is so
delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead,
they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
39 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I
bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were
the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!B．The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C．There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D．The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E．That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F．Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
命题点02 设空在段中
典例01
【2023年新高考I卷】You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way,
you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine
through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any
time.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
典例02
【2022·全国甲卷·节选】
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules.36.Don't get caught
making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable
meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand.People in France expect you
to eat with a utensil in each hand. 38 ， instead preferring to use their hands.In Chile, you may never touch any
food with your fingers.People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
E．It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
命题点03 设空在段尾
典例01
【2021·1月浙江高考·节选】You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water.You get what you need,
head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong.People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the
parking lot. 31
It turns out, it's just math working against you；chances are, the other line really is faster.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C．Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F．With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G．But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
典例02
【2020·全国Ⅰ卷·节选】·Recognize all of your strengths.Write them down in a journal.Begin to train your brain
to look at strength before weakness.List all of your accomplishments and achievements.You have a job，earned
your degree，and you got out of bed today. 39
A．Feeling upset again?
B．Where do you start?C．Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D．Remember, you are only human.
E．Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F．Stop comparing yourself with others.
G．When does the comparison game start?
一、设空在段首
1．判断是不是段落主题句
(1)根据段落一致性原则认真阅读空格后内容，从词汇及句意两个方面判断其中的某个选项是否可以涵盖该
段主旨。
(2)着重阅读挖空后面的第一、二句，确定相关信息词。阅读时要学会瞻前顾后，注重逻辑关系的一致性。
2．判断是不是承上启下句
除第一段之外的其他段落段首设题时也有可能是承上启下句(第二段段首设题时该情况最常见)，这时需要
在熟悉上一段(段尾)内容的前提下，结合该段的其余内容，分析所选的答案是否能够将两个段落连贯起来。
3．利用平衡原则
对于有特殊标识的文章(如加黑、数字排序或其他特殊标识)做出选择时要充分利用与其他段落的平衡原则，
如：是不是祈使句(如上文)，平衡部分的主语是不是具有统一性等。有时这种关系也会体现在段落内部。
二、设空在段中
段中题解题的思维流程设空位于段中，首先阅读选项并画出关键词；然后重点阅读设空处的前一句和后一句，画出关键词，
找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根据意义的连贯性得出答案；
1. 先看选项
七选五的选项较少，并且给出的都是句子。可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号先判断该
句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其它选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样可以直
接将该选项排除。
2. 再看空前空后
由于七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，可以通过选项中某个名词
或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。
3. 注意代词或定冠词
一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，因为我们知道，代词是指代一个名词或者一个句子
的，然后通过代词在句子中所做的成分我们可以推断出它指代的句子的类型，这样可以迅速的确定备选选
项。
三、设空在段尾
段尾题解题的思维流程
段尾设空的题多为总结本段内容，偶有起承上启下的作用。即要么是，要么就是。
题型和考查角度：
1. 结论句：用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。2. 承上启下句：此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
1. 总结概括句
解题策略：
1. 做题时一要注意设空的前一句或前两三句；
2. 要注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结的词语如thus, therefore, hence, so, as a result, in a word, in
short, to conclude, to sum up等；
2. 承上启下(过渡)句
解题策略：
1.在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时要考虑，认真阅读下一段的开头几句，看是否能紧密联系起
来。
2.如果第一段的段尾是空白，往往是和下一段能连贯起来。
3.通常是结论、概括性语句。要注意表示总结的信号词，如therefore, as a result, hence, thus, to sum up, to
conclude, in short, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
4.与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所 讲内
容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比、转折、排比、并列、递进等关系。根据段落一致性原则，在
原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，
考向01-设空在段首
1.【2023届辽宁省沈阳市二中模拟试题】
___
It’s easy to give in when your children are losing their tempers. But each time you give them what they want,
you teach your children that their unacceptable acts are an effective way to get their needs met. If you want to raise
mentally strong kids, stick to your limits.
A．Giving in to misbehavior
B．Keeping to your principles
C．Teach them not to give up dreams easily
D．Kids tend to have a wide variety of emotions
E．Therefore, set limits on what you give your children
F．You may think it’s cute to spend more money on your children
G．They are also more likely to struggle with self- confidence issues
2.【2023·辽宁省沈阳市二中模拟试题】___
It’s easy to give in when your children are losing their tempers. But each time you give them what they want,
you teach your children that their unacceptable acts are an effective way to get their needs met. If you want to raise
mentally strong kids, stick to your limits.
A．Giving in to misbehavior
B．Keeping to your principles
C．Teach them not to give up dreams easily
D．Kids tend to have a wide variety of emotions
E．Therefore, set limits on what you give your children
F．You may think it’s cute to spend more money on your children
G．They are also more likely to struggle with self- confidence issues
考向02-设空在段中
1.【2023·吉林省长春吉大附中实验学校模拟试题】
Don’t watch or read scary content before bed.
Images-from any exciting or disturbing content you watch before bed can appear in your dreams. 164
Reading the news media and then hopping into bed is more likely to give rise to upsetting dreams than looking
through pictures from your last vacation with your family.
A．Use a white noise machine.
B．Practice stress-relieving activities.
C．A healthy sleep routine begets sound sleep.
D．Instead, try herbal teas and other drinks aiding sleep.
E．How can we reduce nightmares and improve our sleep?
F．During the pandemic, even our everyday lives are looking pretty scary, too.
G．Dreams and rapid eye movement sleep is essential for memory improvement.
2.【2023·第八届湖北省高三4月调研】
The first consequence was quite amazing—On the first day in the office without my phone, I was thinking
more deeply and concentrating more. I rediscovered my brain!____37____Another consequence was that I actually
talked to people more and felt more connected to them. I realized I was being more responsive to their news and
sympathetic to their problems because I wasn’t constantly checking my phone. ____38____Their kindness made
me feel welcome, and I discovered my brain has very good GPS!At the very beginning, I was worried that I would be bored without my phone, but actually I enjoyed it—I’d
forgotten how much I love books and newspapers.____39____And I also sensed that I slept so much better and felt
more awake in the morning.
A．Would I survive?
B．What’s the problem?
C．You never know, you may become smarter!
D．Without a phone at hand I was more productive.
E．Reading everyday made me feel a lot more special.
F．I’m a lot more careful about how much I use it now.
G．Another day I was in a new city and I asked people for directions.
考向03-设空在段尾
1.【2023·安徽省皖江联盟高三最后一卷联考】
Gather your information.
There’s lots of it out there, so having a clear idea of your question will help you determine what’s relevant. If
you’re trying to decide on a diet to improve your nutrition, you may ask an expert for their advice, or seek other
people’s opinions. ____ 3 7____
A．Explore other points of view.
B．Apply the information collected.
C．In other words, get to know what you’re looking for.
D．Then what about the long-term environmental effects?
E．But it can help us increase the number of positive choices we make.
F．Therefore, ask yourself about what interests you most and what is needed.
G．It helps you weigh different options, moving you closer to a wiser decision.
2.【2023届福建省高三联合测评试题】
● Send e-mails instead of traditional mail.
Traditional, posted mails require a lot of paper. There are also some other disadvantages to traditional mail. E-
mails have a few advantages, including being delivered much quicker than traditional mail, the ability to be sent to
one person or a larger group, and being able to send them at any time.
A．Taking care of the Earth is everyone’s job.B．You could use note app or word processor to do this.
C．Using old newspapers is a great, eco-friendly way to wrap gifts.
D．You could also text or call someone as opposed to sending traditional mail.
E．The back of a piece of paper can be used for things like drafts or other notes.
F．It takes a lot less energy to recycle paper than to make some from raw material.
G．Traditional mail is perhaps one of the most exciting ways to hear from someone.
段首主旨句易错陷阱
段首句一般考查文章或段落的主题。首先应当采取形似原则，观察与其他段落首句是否出现相同结构，一
般考查祈使句的相同结构居多。其次应当研读上一段的内容，尤其是上一段结尾的内容，结合本段内容，
看选项是否符合逻辑上的紧密衔接。
1.【广东省七校联合体2023-2024学年高三联考试题】
Write out your goals. Be detailed, be clear, and include your steps. Writing them down tends to make them a
little more real.Keep your list in a place where you can get informed frequently. This will help keep you motivated.
20 You may find yourself set in your ways concerning broad life goals, but take the time to
reevaluate your smaller goals. Are you accomplishing them according to your timeline?Are they still necessary to
keep you on track towards your larger life goals? Allow yourself the flexibility (灵活性) to make some small
changes to your goals.
A．Adjust your goals.
B．Track and measure your progress.
C．Having a plan will help push you ahead.
D．Writing them down tends to make them a little more real.
E．Here are some important ideas that you may find helpful.
F．Consider what you hope to achieve in 10, 15, or 20 years.
G．Remember that you may need to break large goals into smaller goals.
3. 【2023上·山东青岛·高三统考期中】
Reading is one of the most important language skills because we use it to expand our vocabulary and improvethe way we speak, write and listen. 37 Seeing new ways to say things can help your understanding of
English and improve not only your reading, but also your other language skills.
A．Unfortunately, there is no easy way to do this.
B．Unlike listening, reading allows us to take our time.
C．Among the four skills, listening is the most important one.
D．It is hoped that you will love reading and improve your reading skills.
E．When we read, we can see how things are said, from sentence structure to expression.
F．If we do not, we will not be able to understand what the entire article or story is about.
G．Once we understand what the words mean, we need to figure out what the message is.
3.【2023上·江苏连云港·高三统考期中】
At the age of 18, we become adults and are given the right to vote, to travel the world and to pursue our
dreams. At 60, we enter a new phase of life. It marks the start of retirement for most of us. There are 42 years
between these two major phases. Interestingly, the number 42 is also associated with marathons, which cover42 km.
3 6 Let’s explore.
It takes time to prepare.
To run a full marathon, you need to train hard for months and even years, slowly building your endurance(耐
力). The same goes for building a savings pool for retirement. 3 7 So, if you’re thinking about saving for
retirement, don’t hesitate! Get started today.
A．It makes sense to cover every aspect.
B．Starting small and starting young is essential.
C．Preparing for the race requires more than just physical training.
D．Take your time to dream big and plan carefully your retirement.
E．The key is to find what works best for you and remain committed to it.
F．If so, take a page out of the marathon runner’s playbook and begin training.
G．Are there lessons in training and running a marathon- that can be applied to retirement planning?
（2023上·河北廊坊·高三河北省文安县第一中学校联考期中）
Research suggests that parental favouritism is surprisingly common, and can actually be very harmful. 1
. Widespread as it is, it can damage children’s well-being across the lifespan, from their childhood to middle ageand beyond. It is considered such an important factor in a range of emotional problems that psychologists have a
name for it—“parental differential treatment”.
However, siblings (兄弟姐妹) in the same family may disagree over whether their family is even affected by
it. 2 . Laurie Kramer, a professor of applied psychology says, “It is an experience that a parent prefers
another child to them.” She adds, “ 3 . It possibly means less control, so that they may enjoy fewer
restrictions and be subject to less discipline or even punishment.”
4 . Such perceived parental favouritism has been associated with low self-esteem in children, as well
as childhood anxiety, depression, and behavioural problems. There may also be a knock-on effect on emotional
well-being that causes more indirect problems.
In a small Canadian study of eight homeless teenagers, seven said they felt that their parents had favoured a
sibling over them while they had always been the “problem children”. 5 . While the study may be too
small to draw wider conclusions, it highlights just how far a child’s experience of favouritism can potentially go.
A．Being the favourite can also come with pain
B．That’s because feeling less-favoured can be very subjective
C．This could mean devoting more time, attention or affection
D．They believed this had contributed to the breakdown of family ties
E．This may not be the same observation that the other siblings encounter
F．For those who feel they are treated as second-best, the consequences can be serious
G．It occurs in around 65% of families, and has been studied across different cultures
（2023上·陕西榆林·高三校考期中）
Moving your body regularly and often is a key to good health. But for people who don’t feel the urge to
exercise, sitting can become a habit that hurts the body and the brain. Here are some easy tips that will invite more
movement into your routines.
Budget in some mobile breaks.
6 For example, for every hour that you’re sitting, you might expect yourself to get up for 10 minutes
and move around. Schools and workplaces can be creative about building those breaks into the day.
Give yourself prompts (提示).
Are you forgetting to get up? 7 Let it remind you to “break up” an hour of sitting with short breaks for
something simple, says Aaron Kandola at University College London. For example, you might use the short break
to empty the dishwasher or pick up the dog’s toys.8
“If it’s nice weather, you should surely get out for a walk,” says Tatiana Warren of Just TATI in Baltimore. If
the weather is bad, plan for other options. You can dance around the room or jog in place a bit. 9 For
example, the Lake County YMCA in Ohio has free 8-to 12-minute kids’ yoga videos. Their themes include Star
Wars, dinosaurs and the jungle.
Use the partner system.
Work with friends to remind each other to stand up and stretch. Or remind each other to stand when you’re on
the phone. Get your family involved, too. Warren says her cousins’ family likes to play board games. But they often
stand to reach for something or even jump during the games. 10
A．Seek for challenges.
B．Work with what you have.
C．Set an alarm clock if you have to.
D．Or try short online exercise videos.
E．No one sits still for long, she says.
F．Make a conscious effort and set simple goals
G．Exercise videos help them to realize their health goals
（2023上·山东日照·高三山东省日照实验高级中学校联考期中）
When people first come across the Law of Attraction (吸引力法则), their hearts and minds often immediately
think of one specific thing that they’d love to achieve in their lives. However, the next thought is often “But I can’t
do that”. You may come up with all kinds of excuses. 11 Here are the reasons why you should believe you
can use the Law of Attraction to obtain whatever you want.
Small steps create big changes. One of the most common reasons for abandoning dreams is that they simply
seem too huge to realize. Usually it’s manageable to think of following your dream as taking a series of significant
but small steps. 12 Then look at each of them. Not so unrealistic now, is it?
13 When people are interviewed on their deathbeds or write about their lives in autobiographies (自
传), it is often observed that major regrets tend to relate to things that were not done. In older age, it’s likely that
you will be uncomfortable with the idea that you didn’t even try to do the thing that you loved or attempt to obtain
what you truly wanted. 14 But you don’t ever need to feel this way! Make today the first day of your new
journey towards avoiding regret.
Steps towards your dream are never backwards steps. Another common worry is that if you follow yourdreams, you’ll be “taking steps back”. 15 However, what looks like backward steps in your old life can
more productively and accurately be seen as forwarding steps in the brand new life you’re creating.
A．You can avoid regret.
B．It is no use regretting it.
C．Luckily, the truth is that it’s never too late to follow your dream.
D．It often comes up when people are at the top of careers they hate.
E．It is painful to feel like you haven’t ever found your true purpose.
F．For example, challenge yourself to write down the path to success in ten stages.
G．You have enough life experience and knowledge to pursue your dream.
（2023上·广东·高三金山中学校联考期中）
Teenagers are spending more money than ever. Just last year, 31.6 million teens spent 155 billion, according to
the North-brook, Illinois-based market research group Teenage Research Unlimited. 16
Shocked at how much money kids spend? Maybe you haven’t checked the price tags lately on some of the
younger generation’s must-haves. To some, such luxurious spending on the changeable young might seem
unbearable. 17 Timothy Marshall, an associate professor of developmental psychology at Christopher
Newport University in Virginia, analyzed the widespread phenomenon after some research.
One factor is surely the sheer power of marketing through mass media. Teenagers are exposed to an estimated
3,000 advertisements each day. Combine the ads with programming itself, like the fashion-, music- and skin-filled
shows on MTV, and you’ve got a large number of messages telling kids what they should own if they want to fit in.
Many working parents probably compensate by spending money on their kids. 18 But also, spending
money is often more convenient in our fast-paced society than going to baseball games or other activities.
For many families, of course, keeping up with their children’s costly demands for designer clothing, CDs, and
concert tickets is a financial impossibility. Marshall says, even for those families who can afford such luxurious
spending, striking a compromise between spoiling the kids and denying them is tricky, but possible.
19 Instead of just giving children the toys or clothing they desire, give them an allowance and show
them how they can save up for whatever they want. And don’t be afraid to just say no. Most of the parents are
working nine-to-five or even working overtime to make ends meet. Therefore, shoulder the responsibility of
instructing the kids to tell right from wrong, and developing healthy habits of spending money is of great
importance. 20
A．Why do some parents give in?B．How did they persuade parents to pay?
C．Teaching kids how to budget and save is key.
D．Kids shouldn’t always take money for granted.
E．Much of that money, of course, comes from parents.
F．We need to step up and tell kids where the boundaries are.
G．There is probably some guilt involved in not spending enough time at home.
（2023上·浙江·高三台州中学校联考期中）
It can be hard to stay motivated when you are on a training plan and this can lead to you missing essential
sessions. 21 Luckily, we have some tried and tested motivational tricks that will ensure you keep running
all year around.
Run with a partner. If you can, ask a friend to run with you, as then you have a reason to go out, even when
you don’t want to. 22 You need someone who will help you out of the door on cold winter mornings.
23 . A fast-track way to lose your motivation is to always run the same route over and over again. Mix it
up by changing where you run. Try a new route and you will focus on things like how you are feeling rather than
when you hit the next lamppost or tree.
Mix up the training. 24 If you usually go for a long, slow run on a Sunday morning, why not try a little
sprint session instead? You can pick a landmark anywhere and run as fast as you can until you get to it, before
slowing down again to recover.
Listen to music. The race itself will have plenty of motivational factors to keep you going, with the crowds
cheering and other runners to concentrate on, but if you are out on your own, your favorite song can really cheer
you up if you’re feeling that lull (低谷期) come over you. 25
A．Vary your locations.
B．Stimulate your motivation.
C．You also need to vary your training patterns.
D．This is especially the case when it comes to the cold months.
E．Make sure you don’t pick someone who is likely to cancel on you.
F．Some music devices will help you to stay motivated and on target.
G．Music can help keep you going when the running gets a little tough.
（2023上·四川雅安·高三雅安中学校联考期中）
We’re fortunate to have access to the dynamic network technology, which provides rich resources for learning,
connecting and entertaining ourselves. 26 The same tool that can enhance our work efficiency also has thepower to trap us in a web of distractions (分心之事).
27 An astonishing 84.4% of us, on average, report being distracted at work. There are some usual
suspects. Emails steal the attention of 26%. Phone calls and texts influence a massive 43%. Coworkers shift the
attention of 27%. And the Internet, with its infinite source of information and entertainment, distracts 41% of us.
What’s more, a survey reveals that an overwhelming 67% of workers say that their work is often affected by the
excessive time spent on meetings and calls.
These distractions are more than mere annoyances. 28 It is their lasting impact that makes it
impossible for us to focus on any single task. In this way, they greatly reduce our work efficiency.
A study offers more insight into our struggle with distractions. It found that our brain waves pulsate (搏动) at
different frequencies depending on the type of external stimuli. The rhythm is faster for automatic stimuli but slows
down for tasks we consciously choose to focus on. 29
Just think about it: You’re involved in a project, and then your phone receives a text message. 30 And
regaining your focus might be harder than you anticipate, The same goes for that catchy news headline or an
interesting social media post that catches your eye-pulling you away from your task and making you lost in the sea
of distractions.
A．But it is double-edged.
B．Some distractions can be avoided.
C．Statistics reveal how common this issue is.
D．They’re also persistent and endless in getting our attention.
E．The sound of it is loud enough to interrupt your concentration.
F．Stimulating our interest and increasing the speed of our work are important.
G．This makes maintaining focus in the noisy world an ever-increasing challenge.
（2023上·四川成都·高三石室中学校考期中）
Studies have shown that walking among trees makes us relaxed. 31 There’s plenty of research
showing the link between being in nature and being happy, but most of the research has focused on adults.
32 Explaining the motivation behind the study, researchers note that with environmental issues such as
global warming, more studies are focusing on the relationships between humans and nature to find solutions to
these problems, and the future of the planet lies in the hands of children and their actions. However, few studies
focus on this aspect.
For the study, researchers worked with 296 children between the ages of 9 and 12. To measure how connectedthey were to nature, the kids were asked how much they enjoy activities like seeing wildflowers and wild animals,
hearing sounds of nature and touching animals and plants. 33 They also found that the more concerned
children were about the environment and nature, the more likely they were to be happy.
So exposure to nature is related to active behaviors and happiness of children. What does that mean to adults?
As we all know, children usually tend to follow adults, especially their parents’ behaviors. 34 And if parents
enjoy being close to nature, so will their children.
Researchers say that children need role models who can guide them to nature with excitement and an attitude
of a lifelong learner. Parents don’t have to be experts in environmental science or nature studies. 35
A．It’s so good going for a walk around trees.
B．Even just smelling the trees helps reduce anxiety.
C．That’s to say, when adults are outside and appreciate nature, kids learn by example.
D．What’s more important is that they spend time together with children exploring nature.
E．They found that the kids connected to nature were more likely to behave actively.
F．In a new study, researchers wanted to see if kids get the same benefits from being outdoors.
G．Researchers will study more about the connection between children’s happiness and nature.
（2023上·江苏南通·高三海安高级中学校考期中）
“We are becoming the people we wanted to be,” Gloria Steinem, a journalist and social activist, declared in the
1970s. So have women really become the people they wanted to be? Yes. 36 And they are nurses, clerks,
doctors, scientists and so on. For a better understanding, here are some true data about women at work.
37
One of the great changes in gender equality is taking place in education. More women graduate from high
school, attend and graduate from college. In 1994, 63 percent of female high school graduates and 61 percent of
male high school graduates were enrolled in college the following fall, according to the Pew Research Center. By
2012, that number for women jumped to 71 percent, but remained unchanged for males, at 61 percent.
The wage gap between males and females is still existing.
Even as more women are flooding onto college campuses, here’s a disappointing trend. 38 But there
still is a gap between their earnings and men’s earnings. Women in professional specialty occupations earn 72.7
percent of what men in the same position earn.
Is there any place women earn the same as men?
No. Unfortunately, there is no such place. But it can be to a woman’s advantage to work in a labor union.39 So, while there is a gap, it’s much less than in professions without unions, where women make 72 percent
of men’s incomes.
Women bring home more income.
40 Over 40 percent of moms are now the sole or primary source of income in U.S. households.
Women are now the primary or co-money-maker in nearly two-thirds of American families and working married
women bring home 44 percent of their family income.
A．Education is specially significant for women.
B．Women are taking higher education by storm.
C．It is a fact that women climb higher in the work world now.
D．An increasing number of women have joined the workforce.
E．More than ever before, women are the breadwinners in the household.
F．Today, 30 percent of all the businesses are owned and operated by women.
G．Women who work in unionized professions make 82 percent of men’s incomes.
（2023上·江苏镇江·高三统考期中）
Living with self-doubt can be very challenging. It limits potential and breaks morale. Here are some strategies
that you can use to overcome self-doubt.
● Self-compassion (自我同情) is the key.
We often doubt ourselves when we have the fear of losing, but that is a grave mistake we make. Everyone will
make mistakes at some part in their lives, but we have to grow from those mistakes and transform them into a
lesson.
Start your day with some positivity, look at yourself in the mirror, and make some positive affirmations (肯定).
41
● Reflect back to your past achievements.
42 Self-reflection is one of the best tools to eliminate self-doubt. It makes you remember that you once
achieved something great, and it makes you believe that you can achieve that level of success again through
concentrated efforts. Learn from your mistakes and move on, and you are meant for great things!
● 43
“You are known by the company you keep”, is one of the best sayings to explain this strategy. We should be
surrounded by people that support and love us, not people that constantly make us doubt ourselves. Good people
will help you recover from negative and stressful situations.
●Seek professional help if necessary.44 This is the time when we should seek professional help. Talk about your feelings often, and let all
the negative emotions out, which will make you feel a lot better.
● Start journaling events.
In life, there will come many events that we are thankful for, especially our achievements. 45 This
journaling of events will be really helpful when you are doubting yourself.
A．Develop new friendships.
B．This will make your day better!
C．They won’t encourage you to be better.
D．Always be in the company of supportive people.
E．It is better to start keeping track or record of them.
F．Sometimes the situation can become too much to handle.
G．Do you remember the time when you achieved something remarikable?
（2023上·山东泰安·高三统考期中）
Breaking the Habit of People-Pleasing
If you feel like you may be a people-pleaser, you’re not alone. Most people have a growing desire for pleasing
others. 46 It can also result in weak boundaries, problems with decision-making, and low self-worth. For
that reason, it’s important to recognize and overcome your own people-pleasing behaviors. Here are simple
exercises that you can start working on today.
1. Practice being alone
47 Trust that people will not abandon you, even if you don’t drop everything for them. Believe you
are lovable for who you are, not what you do. Practice this by going to a movie or restaurant alone.
2. Keep plans with yourself
48 Otherwise, you are sending a message to your brain that a plan you make with yourself does not
hold as much value as a plan you make with someone else. Don’t break any plans you make with yourself, whether
it’s going to the gym or studying for an exam.
3. Practice saying “no”
If you’re a people-pleaser you may find it hard to say “no” because you feel it comes across as cruel or
uncaring. 49 Be clear, be direct, and use “I” statements. Try statements like: “I would really love to be
able to help you, but unfortunately, I’m already committed at that time.”
By consistently integrating these strategies into your life, I’m confident you’ll break your people-pleasing
habits. 50 This will yield an overall improvement in self-confidence and life satisfaction.A．So it is not necessary to say no.
B．But it absolutely does not have to.
C．Learn to love your own company.
D．You’ll develop more healthy, interdependent relationships.
E．You are not confident about the plans you make with yourself.
F．Your own plans are as important as plans you make with others.
G．People-pleasing behavior can lead to mental and physical problems.
