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专题验收评价
专题 14 完形填空夹叙夹议文和说明文特点分析+高分策略
内容概览
A·常考题不丢分
【命题点01 命题点01 完形填空夹叙夹议文】
【命题点02 完形填空议论文和说明文】
【微专题 动词词义和动词短语辨析易错点】
B·拓展培优拿高分
C·挑战真题争满分
【命题点 01 完形填空夹叙夹议文】
（2023上·天津·高三天津市咸水沽第一中学校考期末）For years, Arthur ran a car dealership (汽车经销
店) in a small town in Australia. Everybody in the town knew and 1 Arthur. He was upright, as they said,
2 and thoughtful. He liked strolling along the streets of the town with his children. The 3 who met
him by the roadside would never return empty-handed. They later even began to feel embarrassed to 4
his handouts because they just received too many 5 from him. Under the influence of such a perfect boss,
his employees 6 harmoniously. But there was one 7 — a mechanic, who broke rules every
now and then and never 8 it. Arthur’s older son asked why his father kept the man. The answer the son
got was, “Ah, he probably didn’t 9 to do that.” Arthur thought the mechanic must have been through
something painful, which led to his 10 behavior. Arthur intended to help, but the mechanic seemed
to be 11 to reveal his heart.Something unexpected happened next. Arthur’s wife got a serious disease, which left her unable to function
12 . To well care for his wife at home, Arthur 13 his dealership. The employees all found
14 in other places, except the mechanic. 15 , Arthur kept paying him a salary until he got a
job. But it didn’t 16 the mechanic enough; he never visited the couple once. That was OK with
Arthur. He fairly had 17 on everybody around him 18 they didn’t show any
gratitude.
We often reserve compassion for those who we believe 19 it. But real compassion is that we
offer it without judgment, even to those around us who may not yet have the capacity to 20 the
favor.
1．A．suspected B．assisted C．pleased D．respected
2．A．generous B．strict C．competitive D．confident
3．A．traders B．beggars C．neighbors D．tourists
4．A．abandon B．donate C．accept D．question
5．A．challenges B．treasures C．setbacks D．favors
6．A．got on B．fell behind C．stood out D．showed off
7．A．pioneer B．reminder C．exception D．alternative
8．A．replaced B．balanced C．evaluated D．corrected
9．A．afford B．mean C．pretend D．volunteer
10．A．unusual B．informal C．amusing D．typical
11．A．disappointed B．proud C．unwilling D．unable
12．A．rapidly B．independently C．gracefully D．leisurely
13．A．left aside B．partnered with C．attended to D．shut down
14．A．employment B．evidence C．lessons D．privileges
15．A．Helplessly B．Flexibly C．Incredibly D．Obviously
16．A．attract B．soften C．convince D．protect
17．A．comments B．judgments C．reliance D．mercy
18．A．as though B．now that C．even if D．in case
19．A．repeat B．deserve C．forgive D．regret
20．A．return B．refuse C．prove D．spread【命题点 02 完形填空议论文和说明文】
1.（2022上·河南漯河·高三校考期末）Which ones are quick language learners, adults or young children? It
is not hard to answer, because there is new evidence showing kids really can learn things much 61 than
adults.
A study published in Current Biology 62 that children and adults have different concentrations (含
量) of a key brain messenger called GABA．This 63 makes newly-learned materials steadier. It also
produces a calming effect and is thought to largely 64 nerve cell hyperactivity associated with 65
, stress, and fear.
The team used neuro-imaging 66 to examine visual perceptive learning in elementary pupils and
adults. 67 were shown multiple different images and were later asked questions about them following the
test. The visual learning 68 an increase of GABA in children’s visual cortex (大脑皮层), the area of the
brain that 69 visual information. GABA levels didn’t change at all when adults 70 the same
visual tests. Children participants kept GABA 71 for hours after training ended, while the
concentrations of GABA remained 72 in the adults studied.
“In continuous behavioral experiments, we found that children 73 steadied new learning much
more rapidly than adults, which 74 the common belief that children are 75 to adults in
their learning abilities,” study co-author Sebastian M. Frank said. “Our results proves GABA as a 76
player in making learning efficient in children.”
These results, the authors argue, should 77 teachers and parents to keep giving children
opportunities to learn anything from riding a bike to playing an instrument throughout their 78 .
In future studies, the team plans to 79 the differences in maturation rates between brain regions
and functions and GABA responses in other 80 of learning, such as reading and writing.
61．A．deeper B．slower C．faster D．longer
62．A．infers B．finds C．dedicates D．responds
63．A．messenger B．brain C．study D．team
64．A．strengthen B．guarantee C．enrich D．control
65．A．happiness B．relaxation C．anxiety D．comfort
66．A．arms B．abilities C．techniques D．furniture
67．A．Adults B．Subjects C．Researchers D．Pupils68．A．set up B．set aside C．set down D．set off
69．A．processes B．provides C．shrinks D．interrupts
70．A．arranged B．took C．suffered D．digested
71．A．floating B．booming C．collapsing D．sleeping
72．A．consistent B．reliable C．ambiguous D．arbitrary
73．A．partly B．doubtfully C．indeed D．vaguely
74．A．proves B．predicts C．opposes D．ignores
75．A．similar B．equal C．familiar D．superior
76．A．key B．ridiculous C．poisonous D．random
77．A．force B．encourage C．reserve D．allow
78．A．revolution B．teens C．childhood D．voyage
79．A．inquire B．comprehend C．immerse D．explore
80．A．characters B．descriptions C．certificates D．types
2.（2023上·河南郑州·高三郑州外国语学校校考期末）Space exploration has always been the province of
51 : The human imagination readily soars where human ingenuity (创造力) struggles to follow. A Voyage to
the Moon, often cited as the first science fiction story, was written by Cyrano de Bergerac in 1649. Cyrano was
dead and buried for a good three centuries 52 the first manned rockets started to fly.
In 1961, when President Kennedy declared that America would send a man to the moon by the decade’s end,
those words, too, had a 53 quality. They resonated (共鸣) with optimism and 54 in much
the same way as the most famous 55 speech of all, delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. two years later.
By the end of the decade, both visions had yielded concrete results and 56 American society. 57
, in many ways the two dreams ended up 58 each other. The fight for racial and economic equality is
intensely pragmatic (讲求实用的) and immediate in its impact. The urge to explore space is just the opposite. It is
figuratively and literally otherworldly in its 59 .
When the dust settled, the space dreamers lost out. There was no grand 60 to the Apollo missions.
The technologically compromised space shuttle program has just come to an end, with no 61 . The
continuous argument is that 62 are tight, that we have more pressing problems here on Earth. Amid the
current concerns about the federal deficit (赤字), reaching toward the stars seems an unnecessary luxury— 63
saving one-thousandth of a single year’s budget would solve our problems.
But human ingenuity struggles on. NASA is developing a series of robotic probes that will get the most valuefor the money spent. They will serve as modern Magellans, 64 out the solar system for whatever
explorers follow, whether man or machine. On the flip side, companies like Virgin Galactic are plotting a bottom-up
assault on the space dream by making it a reality to the public. Private spaceflight could lie within 65
of rich civilians in a few years. Another decade or two and it could 66 .
The space dreamers end up benefiting all of us — not just because of the way they expand human knowledge,
or because of the 67 they produce, but because the two types of dreams support each other. Both Martin
Luther King and John Kennedy appealed to the idea that humans can 68 what were once considered
great limitations. Today we face seeming challenges in energy, the environment, health care. Tomorrow we will
overcome these as well, and the dreamers will deserve a lot of the 69 . The more evidence we collect
that our species is 70 greatness, the more we will actually achieve it.
51．A．dreamers B．explorers C．astronomers D．novelists
52．A．after B．before C．until D．while
53．A．realistic B．practical C．attractive D．dreamlike
54．A．reflection B．ambition C．ignorance D．recognition
55．A．inspiring B．public C．dream D．free
56．A．attacked B．industrialized C．transformed D．accessed
57．A．Therefore B．Instead C．Additionally D．However
58．A．in conflict withB．in line with C．in common with D．in pace with
59．A．aims B．damage C．power D．terms
60．A．followup B．breakthrough C．backup D．takeover
61．A．ancestor B．successor C．forefather D．advocate
62．A．situations B．securities C．funds D．schedules
63．A．just like B．so that C．as if D．on condition that
64．A．making B．figuring C．sweeping D．mapping
65．A．reach B．range C．control D．knowledge
66．A．drop behind B．go mainstream C．come to power D．dig out
67．A．productions B．chips C．technologies D．substitutes
68．A．go beyond B．go through C．go after D．go over
69．A．approval B．gratitude C．credit D．commitment
70．A．preferable to B．capable of C．proud of D．convinced of【微专题 名 词词义和动词短语辨析易错点】
（2023上·辽宁葫芦岛·高三统考期末）Years ago, a neighbour kid kicked a football and broke a small 36
of our house. We were a family living on a small 37 at the time, so I boarded it up, thinking I’d get to it
someday.
Over the years, I’d sometimes ask some advice from window companies. The plan was to upgrade to energy-
efficient windows for the whole house, an 38 process—$ 15, 000. It was simply out of 39 and I
turned it down again.
40 , the thought of that window ate at me for years. Every time I went down there, it kept 41
me. I knew I needed to deal with it, but I had built up the 42 so much in my mind that I put it off again and
again.
Then my wife had a job 43 , and we needed to move. A 44 buyer couldn’t get a loan on the
house if there was a 45 window. So I pulled off the boards to face this thing. It had already been for at
least 5 years.
I used some rust (锈) remover, sprayed all around the rusted frame, and gave it a 46 pull. To my
47 , it easily moved. I pulled the window out and took it downtown. It was a 12 fix.
I could have fixed the problem for 12 the 48 day when it happened. But I let it worry me for years.
49 , this isn’t just about my window. Many of us tend to live with broken windows of one type or another for
years. We suffer more in 50 than in reality. Step forward, and you’ll find a solution.
36．A．roof B．window C．door D．curtain
37．A．salary B．fame C．passion D．chance
38．A．accessible B．official C．expensive D．energetic
39．A．order B．balance C．breath D．reach
40．A．Therefore B．Besides C．However D．Instead
41．A．replying B．troubling C．driving D．reporting
42．A．difficulty B．confidence C．joy D．harm
43．A．change B．interest C．habit D．journey
44．A．polite B．weak C．strange D．potential
45．A．defeated B．fitted C．broken D．cured
46．A．lazy B．strong C．familiar D．strange
47．A．disappointmentB．embarrassment C．astonishment D．encouragement48．A．same B．different C．early D．new
49．A．Frequently B．Actually C．Consequently D．Unexpectedly
50．A．experiment B．discussion C．reaction D．imagination
（2023下·河南开封·高三河南省杞县高中校联考期末）Driving herein the mountains can be a challenge in
the summertime. The holes and stones in the road make it a 81 ride. The low hanging trees, full of green
leaves, 82 your view. And you always have to be on the lookout for dogs, cats and deer 83 the
road.
I saw an incredibly 84 sight here just the other day. As I was 85 along, I saw a baby deer
lying dead along the side of the road. Its white spots were still on it. It was so heart-breaking to see it like that and I
86 in ease more deer were coming down the mountains to drink from the 87 that ran alongside the
highway. When I 88 another curve(拐弯处), felt a(n) 89 inside my heart and a voice inside my
mind, saying “Slow down, more!”
I 90 my speed again.
Suddenly two adult deer leaped across the road. I 91 on the brakes until I came to a complete 92
, and just as I stopped, two baby deer appeared from the woods after their parents, 93 them pass and felt
94 that I hadn’t hit those baby deer. Then I 95 and thanked myself for having listened to that 96
in my heart and mind.
So many times I have 97 a whispered urging in my heart to says something 98 or to help
someone in need.
May you always listen to the 99 in your heart. They will turn you into a better 100 .They
will always lead you Home!
81．A．rough B．long C．steady D．straight
82．A．widen B．improve C．limit D．injure
83．A．breaking B．crossing C．blocking D．destroying
84．A．interesting B．annoying C．funny D．sad
85．A．driving B．running C．slipping D．walking86．A．cried out B．ran away C．slowed down D．looked backward
87．A．cup B．river C．car D．tree
88．A．desired B．missed C．ignored D．rounded
89．A．urge B．pain C．hope D．sign
90．A．checked B．saw C．reduced D．forgot
91．A．rested B．relied C．fell D．stepped
92．A．success B．stop C．challenge D．repair
93．A．watched B．made C．heard D．pulled
94．A．worried B．scared C．relieved D．amused
95．A．lied B．froze C．hiked D．smiled
96．A．lecture B．message C．noise D．news
97．A．felt B．changed C．kept D．hidden
98．A．special B．different C．kind D．important
99．A．struggles B．arguments C．stories D．whispers
100．A．guide B．person C．driver D．parent
【2022 年浙江卷 6 月】Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it.
“Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He
throws his arms and legs out ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___
which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___20___ .
I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need more effort and
sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ___23___ relationship that it’s something that
can’t ___24___ to lose. Every time I ___25___ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and
feels ___26___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to
___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down.
___29___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___30___ . It is something that every manager
should work hard to ___31___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___32___ yourdirections and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ of trust can make people work against
you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___34___ you their best. Good
___35___, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.
16. A. deserve B. miss C. love D. know
17. A. as if B. in case C. even though D. so that
18. A. fear B. excitement C. doubt D. astonishment
19. A. reasonable B. limited C. absolute D. important
20. A. relief B. satisfaction C. achievement D. responsibility
21. A. older B. busier C. quieter D. healthier
22. A. on my behalf B. on my part C. in my honor D. in my name
23. A. long-distance B. high-risk C. parent-child D. teacher-student
24. A. afford B. choose C. wait D. expect
25. A. attach B. compare C. adjust D. introduce
26. A. safe B. happy C. proud D. grateful
27. A. Above all B. In addition C. At first D. For example
28. A. admit B. believe C. suggest D. imagine
29. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Fortunately
30. A. affection B. determination C. friendship D. leadership
31. A. assess B. organize C. develop D. understand
32. A. repeat B. follow C. change D. forget
33. A. gesture B. measure C. bond D. lack
34. A. telling B. giving C. selling D. sending
35. A. management B. personality C. communication D. education
【2021年浙江卷1月】 Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to 16 on the Internet and
discovered Volunteer USA．Three months later I 17 myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was 18
at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of 19 ,
my worries had gone. Everyone was so 20 and like-minded that it was very 21 to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day 22 . We had to 23 everything we
needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a 24 way but in 35℃ heat and with a
heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to 25 a stairway out of rock. This 26 climbing up and down the side of a mountaininhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard,never 27 .
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The 28 of knowing that my 29 will be on
that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were 30 in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in
my tent. The temperature was close to 31 . I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only 32
part of my tent.
33 , I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 34 . I think I
am much 35 for having taken part in the project.
16．A．calculate B．negotiate C．advertise D．research
17．A．imagined B．introduced C．enjoyed D．found
18．A．annoyed B．surprised C．scared D．excited
19．A．arriving B．sleeping C．thinking D．walking
20．A．confident B．friendly C．energetic D．curious
21．A．funny B．good C．lucky D．easy
22．A．tour B．project C．campaign D．course
23．A．drop B．make C．carry D．buy
24．A．nice B．safe C．long D．quick
25．A．build B．test C．clean D．guard
26．A．helped B．ended C．allowed D．meant
27．A．hunted B．trained C．seen D．fed
28．A．satisfaction B．ambition C．expectation D．intention
29．A．work B．memory C．record D．story
30．A．left B．caught C．attacked D．separated
31．A．boiling B．average C．normal D．freezing
32．A．tidy B．dry C．new D．soft
33．A．By the way B．Regardless of that C．Needless to say D．In either case
34．A．survived B．resisted C．escaped D．recovered
35．A．smarter B．stronger C．happier D．busier
【2020年新课标Ⅰ】 Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our
sliding glass door is just a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, they’ll want to go
outside 43 . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 44 . But our insisting it’s 45a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about
windows is a 48 .
I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong 51
that the lie we’re telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53
metaphorical(比喻) meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later
in 54 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity(机会) of some sort, and 55 opening
the door and taking the opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, ＂What if it isn’t a door?＂ That is, ＂
What if it isn’t a 57 opportunity?＂
Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just 59
repeatedly having to say, ＂No. We can’t go outside now.＂ Then when they come to other doors in life, be they
real or metaphorical, they won’t 60 to open them and walk through.
41. A. relief B. target C. reason D. case
42. A. admit B. believe C. mean D. realize
43. A. gradually B. constantly C. temporarily D. casually
44. A. result B. danger C. method D. truth
45. A. merely B. slightly C. hardly D. partly
46. A. reviewing B. approving C. receiving D. attempting
47. A. win out B. give up C. wake up D. stand out
48. A. dream B. lie C. fantasy D. fact
49. A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers
50. A. restrictions B. explanations C. differences D. consequences
51. A. demand B. fear C. desire D. doubt
52. A. physical B. biological C. spiritual D. behavioral
53. A. traditional B. important C. double D. original
54. A. life B. time C. reply D. history
55. A. by comparison with B. in addition to C. regardless of D. instead of
56. A. get hold of B. stare at C. knock on D. make use of
57. A. real B. typical C. similar D. limited
58. A. safety rule B. comfort zone C. bottom line D. top secret
59. A. delay B. regret C. enjoy D. accept60. A. hurry B. decide C. hesitate D. intend
【2020年新课标Ⅲ】 As s businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom
you feel affection, 41 can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in, 42 their handbag’s been
stolen. They’ll 43 that they left it in the changing room, create havoe (混乱) and then 44 it had
been in their car all the time. They’ll have out half the 45 in the shop, and want the only style you don’t
have left in a 46 colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep
47 .
I remember the first really 48 customer we had at Covent Garden. She was 49 absolutely
everything, nothing was right and I was rather 50 that she became a “regular”. After a while, she 51
for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat
52 , and since she’d found it too much to cope with (应对), she’d taken it out on 53 people.
That taught me a valuable 54 and I pass it on to the people who 55 in the market. Don’t take
it 56 . If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her
child’s not 57 .” Always water it down and don’t let your ego (自我) get 58 . If you do, you won’t be
able to 59 it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 60 everyone’s day.
41. A. shopkeepers B. customers C. salespersons D. receptionists
42. A. saying B. pretending C. guessing D. replying
43. A. agree B. promise C. imagine D. swear
44. A. forget B. decide C. discover D. assume
45. A. foods B. catalogues C. belongings D. goods
46. A. particular B. different C. matching D. natural
47. A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing
48. A. generous B. polite C. careless D. difficult
49. A. curious about B. displeased with C. patient with D. uncertain about
50. A. relaxed B. delighted C. surprised D. embarrassed
51. A. searched B. argued C. prayed D. apologized
52. A. by chance B. by herself C. on purpose D. on duty
53. A. rude B. such C. other D. lonely
54. A. lesson B. trick C. skill D. trade
55. A. work B. shop C. meet D. quarrel
56. A. kindly B. secretly C. personally D. casually57. A. ready B. away C. up D. well
58. A. out of sight B. in the way C. behind the scene D. above the law
59. A. stress B. expect C. handle D. blame
60. A. ruins B. makes C. starts D. saves
