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专题 15 完形填空之句内层次题 3 大技巧解密
01专题网络·思维脑图
02考情分析·解密高考
03高频考点·以考定法
考点 完形填空
【高考解密】
命题点 句内层次题
【技巧解密】
【考向预测】
04核心素养·微专题
微专题 完形填空中长难句应对策略
05创新好题·分层练主题 考查类型
名词 介词
试卷 年份 体裁 (短语) 形容词 副
语境 内容 (短 (短
动词 (短语) 词
语) 语)
人与
全国乙卷 2023 记叙文 完善自我 12 3 5 1 0
自我
人与
全国甲卷 2023 记叙文 人际交往 8 4 7 0 1
社会
新高考Ⅰ 人与
2023 记叙文 人际关系 6 7 2 0 0
卷 社会
新高考Ⅱ 人与
2023 记叙文 人际关系 7 3 4 1 0
卷 社会
人与
2022 说明文 人际关系 7 7 4 2 0
社会
人与
2021 夹叙夹议 人际交往 10 7 1 2 0
全国卷Ⅰ/ 社会
全国乙卷 人与
2020 夹叙夹议 完善自我 6 8 3 2 1
自我
人与
2019 记叙文 环境保护 8 7 4 1 0
自然
人与
2022 记叙文 人际交往 8 7 1 3 1
全国卷Ⅱ/ 社会
全国甲卷 人与
2021 记叙文 完善自我 10 5 4 1 0
自我人与
2020 记叙文 文化遗产 11 4 3 2 0
社会
人与
2019 记叙文 人际关系 9 5 3 2 1
社会
人与
2020 记叙文 社会关系 8 3 6 1 2
社会
全国卷Ⅲ
人与
2019 夹叙夹议 人与环境 9 4 5 2 0
自然
命题点
典例01
（2023年新高考I卷）
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have
_ 21 .finished t he course earlier than she did. Her _ 22 .delay _ came because she was carrying a __23 .competitor __
across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her __24__ when a
runner in front of her began crying in pain.
24. A. race B. school C. town D. training
典例02
（2022年新高考II卷）
It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully ___27___ their trips, scheduling their days around the pets
that are sometimes difficult to __ 28.please ___ .
27．A．plan B．explain C．compare D．complete
典例03
(2021·天津3月卷)For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence.Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got __16__
when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September.But soon enough，his 17.emotions
took a turn.After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy
18.instead．
16．A.amazed B．mad
C．curious D．frightened
句内层次题的解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文意的前提下，利用本句的一些信息凭借语感
即可顺利选出答案。句组层次题是比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前
后的一组意群之中，解题时需“瞻前顾后”，“综合意群信息”解答。即本句信息不足填，
空格前后再找信息源。
技巧1 利用词汇线索解题
词汇复现考点是完形填空的重要命题手段。词汇复现包括原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复
现以及结构复现等，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、
上义词、下义词和概括词等。
1.【2022·新高考I卷】
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our memories are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we
___22___ along Chalk Creek.
22. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled
2. 【2022·新高考I卷】
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we headed off, but storms move in
fast in the mountains, and this one quickly interrupted our peaceful morning trip. The ___29___ picked up and
thunder rolled.
29. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed
3. 【2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷】
It might sound like one long, expensive vacation , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel
___23___ .
23．A．safe B．busy C．helpful D．affordable
4. 【2022·全国甲】
When I first dated Steve, I learned he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was thrilled that he was ananimal lover, I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack ___ 4 6___ , the cat.
46. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly
技巧2 根据词语惯用法和固定搭配作答
完形填空习惯搭配考点是高考中的必考点。习惯搭配考点是完形填空的重要命题手段，每年高考都考。命
动词搭配
题形式以 为主兼顾其他词类及短语。所谓前后搭配主要是指动词(名词、形容词等)与介词的搭
配、动词与其宾语的搭配、句式结构和各种习惯搭配。在解答完形填空题时，充分考虑这些搭配关系，有
助于我们做出正确选择。
1. 【2022·新高考全国Ⅱ】But house sitting also offers a level of comfort they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like
____30____ at a friend’s house,” Jessica says.
30．A．cooking B．staying C．waiting D．studying
2.【2022·全国高考乙】Their ___36___ to the questions reflected their true belief that “I can see you only if
you can see me, too.” They simply ___38___ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard.
36. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity
38. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up
3.【2021·英语全国甲卷】That's when things went 29 “I remember walking down the long hall and
opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of apology to the 4-
star hotel. "The seagulls immediately went wild. They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 33
at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down, It was
a real mess.
29．A．far B．funny C．wrong D．blind
33．A．wake up B．get out C．take off D．break in
技巧3 根据常识及文化逻辑推理
完形填空的语篇信息常交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识：有些选项的设置与文化背景有关，这就
要求考生有较宽的知识面，同时具备一定的文化意识，特别要有对英语国家文化的敏感性和鉴别力，只有
这样才能既快又准确地解题。
1.【2022·新高考 I 卷】We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there
____32____, a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were safe.
32. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly
2.【2022·新高考I卷】The ___29___ picked up and thunder rolled.29. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed
3.【2022·新高考全国Ⅱ】Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this
25-year-old is doing it full-time. She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping
everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive ___22___ , but the couple has an
unusual way to make their travel affordable.
22．A．game B．service C．vacation D．procedure
4.【2022·新高考全国Ⅱ】They’re part of a new form of the sharing economy: an online group of house sitters.
Throughout their no-cost stays in strangers’ homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s
___26___ .
26．A．favor B．defense C．honor D．absence
5.【2022·全国甲卷】For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___ 4 1___ was
nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay.
41. A. ownership B. membership C. companionship D. leadership
考向01 句内层次题
1.（2021年新高考I卷）
Our 48.roles in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing
(糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49.Remove bunny from the belt. This was_50_ than it sounds.51. Slow
down a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night,it was all a little more high- pressure
than I'd 52. expected.
50.A.harder B.better C.longer D.cheaper
2.（2023年新高考I卷）“She was just crying. I couldn’t ____33____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like
I was just doing the right thing.”
33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
完形填空中长难句应对策略
01较复杂单句的处理方法——找主、谓语，即找主干成分However, many scientists who specialize in ageing are doubtful about it and say the human body is just not
designed to last past about 120 years.
02并列句的处理方法—— 找并列连词
Miss Germaine’s mother looked anxious through the wedding and Mr. Cordell’s parents are reported to be less than
delighted.
03主从复合句的处理方法——找从属连词
Whereas a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage，it wasn’t
unusual to hear a man say that he didn’t know that his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared
one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.
04并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法——先读懂并列句，再看主从复合句
【2019年全国卷I】If you ask people to name one person who had the greatest effect on the English language,
you will get answers like “Shakespeare”, “Samuel Johnson”, and “Webster”, but none of these men had any effect
at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English—William, the Conqueror.
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 41 with
them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers（冰川）are disappearing,
changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories, I’m 44 about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural
experiences.
However, I soon 45 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons
of rubbish. I find a 47 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are
48 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 49 .
The best of a Kilimanjaro 50 , in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are 51 as spiritual
places by many cultures. This 52 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 53 go through five
ecosystems（生态系统）in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000
meters, 54 lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather 55 — low clouds envelope the
mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I 56 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,
000 meters is the highland 57 : gravel（砾石）, stones and rocks. 58 you climb into an arctic-like zone
with 59 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere
of peace？I found the opposite to be true.41. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring
42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
43. A. position B. age C. face D. name
44. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy
45. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate
46. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones
47. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean
48. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary
49. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away
50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight
51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded
52. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose
53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials
54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to
55. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits
56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add
57. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake
58. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally
59. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial
60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire
（2023上·山东·高三校联考阶段练习）In a village in Malawi, Africa, people faced constant drought and
poverty. A young boy named William Kamkwamba had a dream of bringing 46 to his village.
When famine (饥荒) came, William had to 47 school to help with farming. However, he kept
reading books for the wonders of 48 and the endless possibilities it offered. 49 by his teacher’s
bicycle flashlight, he decided to build a large windmill (风车) to 50 the battery, and then use a water
pump to water the land so as to 51 solve the famine.
After many difficult conversations, his father finally chose to 52 his son and handed over the only
broken 53 to him. William used the wheels and also 54 the local junkyard for some 55parts. He worked really hard every day. Due to 56 education and resources, it was a 57
challenge to turn bits of old materials into a working machine.
After countless 58 and failures, the boy’s windmill finally started 59 . Weeping with joy,
the boy and his father hugged tightly. This is the story of “The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind,” a story of hope,
strength, and the strong spirit of a young boy who changed people’s lives with the power of 60 .
46．A．wind B．water C．fortune D．chance
47．A．quit B．ignore C．attend D．enjoy
48．A．art B．history C．magic D．science
49．A．Amused B．Confused C．Inspired D．Annoyed
50．A．enhance B．charge C．preserve D．repair
51．A．barely B．hardly C．frequently D．completely
52．A．abandon B．support C．forgive D．distrust
53．A．bicycle B．radio C．car D．flashlight
54．A．bought B．exchanged C．searched D．skipped
55．A．old B．different C．unique D．spare
56．A．acquired B．limited C．adequate D．potential
57．A．complex B．simple C．financial D．tough
58．A．attempts B．successes C．discoveries D．achievements
59．A．floating B．sailing C．turning D．spreading
60．A．awareness B．fantasy C．harmony D．knowledge
（2023上·山东德州·高三统考期中）The biggest risk I’ve ever taken was quitting my job and biking solo
across western China. I almost gave my parents a heart 61 when they found out what I was doing. But I
had already made a(an) 62 . Little did I know this would 63 the greatest experience of my life.
Before starting my trip in China, I had never 64 for more than two hours in one day. It was a huge 65
challenge, but I got stronger every day, and 66 , I could easily bike for eight hours each day.
One of the best parts of the whole experience was the people. Once I 67 a group of Chinese cyclists in
western China. They invited me to stay with them in the mountains in Yunnan, 68 fish over a lire with
wood we chopped ourselves. It felt like true 69 from the busy feeling of everyday life.
Another 70 of my journey was definitely the food. I got to taste local food in every place I went. My
favorite was the 71 of Sichuan, a province known for its spicy flavors and interesting dishes. There are so
many different options!Mostly each day, of course, I was 72 with nature. Throughout the rolling hills and the babbling
brooks, western China is home to some of the most amazing 73 in the world.
By the end of my journey, I wanted to keep going. I felt like I could do it 74 . It was truly an
experience I will never forget. If anyone has an interest in traveling, I would highly 75 going by bicycle!
61．A．rate B．attack C．test D．surgery
62．A．conclusion B．attempt C．decision D．outline
63．A．carry on B．take off C．make up D．turn into
64．A．biked B．driven C．traveled D．surfed
65．A．regional B．mental C．physical D．financial
66．A．eventually B．suddenly C．fortunately D．formally
67．A．rescued B．directed C．protected D．encountered
68．A．cooking B．catching C．washing D．eating
69．A．energy B．freedom C．concern D．fashion
70．A．choice B．invention C．highlight D．progress
71．A．material B．cuisine C．medicine D．music
72．A．alone B．wild C．safe D．empty
73．A．food B．scenery C．culture D．tradition
74．A．indeed B．otherwise C．forever D．instead
75．A．permit B．appreciate C．understand D．recommend
（2024上·上海青浦·高三统考期末）I’m pretty good at sticking with things even when they get hard. Bad
relationships, unpleasant workplaces, 46 sports — I’ve hung on for months and even years longer than I
should have, convinced the situation would 47 if I refused to give up.
After all, isn’t every success story littered with 48 ? Didn’t Beyoncé lose Star Search, and didn’t Oprah
get fired from her first TV job? Quitting is a sign that you lack patience and strong will, or so I was raised to
believe.
49 , if I look back on all the things I eventually quit, my only regret is that I didn’t do it sooner. I’ve
wasted immeasurable time and energy dragging my heels, determined that I could 50 everyone if I just kept
going.
All of us are constantly making tricky choices between going further into familiar territory and 51 to
expand our horizons. This is known as the exploration-exploitation trade-off. When we are younger, it’s
advantageous to go far on the side of exploration, trying lots of new things because we have plenty of time to 52later. But as we age, it’s often smarter to double down.
Of course, this doesn’t mean you shouldn’t quit something just because you’ve put a lot of time into it.
Economists call this the sunk cost fallacy (谬误): People are more likely to 53 something if they’ve
invested a lot of money or effort into it, even when it’s clear that they should 54 their losses and jump ship.
This practice is normal and 55 , but it’s also unreasonable. If an activity or relationship is making you
miserable, that’s important information you shouldn’t ignore.
If you don’t get energy out of doing something, it can be a(n) 56 that this is not for you or that there’s
something better you could be doing. Or it could be a sign that you should 57 your goals. Maybe your
yogurt startup might not win over investors, but you could still make and sell yogurt at the farmers’ market on
weekends.
In fact, dogged persistence in the face of energy-sucking disappointment can 58 depression, and then
make you suffer from diseases in the long run.
But the good news is that people can learn to pay better attention to these moments when they’re happening
and make 59 . The art of quitting isn’t about just letting go whenever there’s an obstacle. It’s about being
able to let go when there’s no 60 to success anymore.
46．A．engaging B．demanding C．inevitable D．leisure
47．A．worsen B．occur C．improve D．continue
48．A．frustrations B．determinations C．attempts D．inspirations
49．A．Therefore B．Additionally C．For example D．However
50．A．amaze B．scare C．distress D．compliment
51．A．breaking up B．looking up C．standing up D．backing up
52．A．venture B．specialize C．explore D．relax
53．A．benefit from B．approve of C．stick with D．withdraw from
54．A．evaluate B．avoid C．overlook D．cut
55．A．human B．crazy C．sensible D．tricky
56．A．indication B．desire C．occasion D．recognition
57．A．accomplish B．upgrade C．modify D．maintain
58．A．prevent B．trigger C．relieve D．contract
59．A．researches B．choices C．changes D．resolutions
60．A．shortcut B．barrier C．guarantee D．pathway
