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【过高考】2023 年高考英语大一轮单元复习
人教 2019 新版必修三 • Unit 4
一、词汇短语精练：用所给词的适当形式或根据句子含义用适当词组填空。
1. Everyone concerned acted with great courage and ____________ (determine).
2. Only a few people were in support of his plan, which made him very ____________ (disappoint).
3. After a long time of discussion they accepted the agreement without ____________ (argue).
4. This hospital ____________ (attach) to the medical college nearby.
5. Learn from their mistakes and their successes, but also make sure to think ____________ (independent).
6. These magnificent ancient buildings demonstrate the great ___________ (intelligent) of the labouring people.
7. The fashion world just keeps ____________ (recycle) old ideas.
8. The police began to pay attention to the ____________ (mystery) disappearance of the girl.
9. They may only have a ____________ (limit) amount of time to get their points across.
10. You should do it ____________ (regular).
二、重点语法精练：虚拟语气（二）
1. I wish he ____________ (tell) me the truth last week.
2. It is important that one ____________ (master) the skills of operating computers
3. It is strange that she ____________ (fail) to see her name on the list.
4. I suggest every one of us ____________ (breathe) fresh air outside our homes every morning.
5. The librarian commanded that the books borrowed from the library ____________ (return) as soon as
possible.
6. He insisted that he ____________ (not steal) the money.
7. I'd rather Mary ____________ (give) us some advice on how to learn English well tomorrow.
8. It was suggested that the meeting ____________ (hold) the next day.
9. Her only request is that the room ____________ (clean) after being used.
10. You might feel as if you ____________ (be) in a fairy tale.
三、语法填空
What will it be like to live on the moon? Volunteers 1 (live) in Yuegong1, a closed lab 2
imitates a moonlike environment at Beihang University in Beijing, might be able to answer this question.
In January, four volunteers finished spending 200 days in the lab. Never 3 any person stayed in a closed
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lab for such a long period of time before the volunteers had their try. It was tough for the volunteers to have both
body and mind 4 (adjust) to the environment in the closed lab. 5 their credits, the volunteers set a world
record for the 6 (long) stay in a closed lab.
Life in Yuegong1 is busy. Volunteers get up at 8:30 am and go to bed at 11 pm. Growing food 7 (be)
their daily routine. There are more than 30 kinds of vegetables and fruit for them to grow and eat. Volunteers need
to record their body temperature, blood 8 (press)and mental state every day. Scientists outside the lab use
these data 9 (monitor) their health.
The experiment will give scientists information that can be used to create better living areas for 10
(astronaut) in space, the Xinhua News Agency reported.
四、阅读理解
What are your retirement plans? Keep working? Get more exercise? Or learn something new? You may put
them on hold. There's a chance that., sooner or later, you might have to move further than you were thinking, as far
as mars.
On Thursday, National Geographic will show the first-ever Mars show home, giving earthlings (地球人) an
idea of what their life could look like on the Red Planet. In the not-so-distant year of 2037, the igloo-shaped structure
could be the home of your future.
It shows a house built using recycled spacecraft (航天器) parts and Martian soil, called regolith, which has
been microwaved into bricks. Some parts of the home are recognizable - a kitchen, a bedroom-but there are
fundamental differences that are important to human survival.
As the Martian atmosphere is around one hundredth as thick as the Earth's, people will need permanent (永
久的) shelter from the sun; society will move largely indoors. Most buildings will be connected by underground
passages and the houses won't have windows. The homes will have simulated solar lighting, or natural light that has
been bent several times Walls will need to be 10 to 12 feet thick to protect people from dangerous rays (that can
pass through six feet of steel, and a double air-locked entrance to keep the home under proper pressure.
“We don't think of our houses as things that keep us alive, but on Mars your house will be a survival centre,”
says Stephen Petranek, author of How We'll Live on Mars. This is not just the stuff of sci-fi. “10 to 20 years from
now there will certainly be people, on Mars.” Petranek says.
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“We've had the technology for 30 years to land people on Mars, but we haven't had the will,” Petranek says.
But two main factors have “completely swung public attitudes”.
The private companies' participation has forced government agencies to speed up their game, and influential
films such as Gravity and The Martian have caught society's eye.
1. What can we know about the show home from the text?
A. It has no windows or doors due to security concern.
B. Its design presents the idea of environmental protection.
C. It has thick walls keeping the home under proper pressure.
D. Its underground passages connect all the building together.
2. What do the underlined words “put them on hold” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Put them off. B. Give them away. C. Carry them through. D. Take them seriously.
3. According to Petranek, what has sped up the process of sending people to Mars?
A. The great influence of the Mars show home. B. The development of related technology.
C. The competition from private companies. D. The popularity of influential books on Mars.
4. What is the best title for the text?
A. Living on Mars: Possible or Not B. Sending People to Mars: Yes or No
C. First-ever show home: How Is It Made D. Future Home on Mars: What Will It Be Like
五、七选五
Gardening 380 Kilometers above Earth Astronauts have to go through physical, psychological, and technical
training. They also go through training in how to care for plants. These “astronaut gardeners” share their work and
living space with plants.
Taking seeds and plants along on a trip isn't a new idea. As space trips become longer, it will be necessary to
grow food in space. 1 Because of this, it's not practical to send everything needed for a long journey, only to
be used once and thrown away.
Plants can serve many uses on a space journey. They can provide more fresh things. 2 Also, plants can
help to make air quality better because they produce oxygen. They can improve the quality of the air inside the
spacecraft-the only air the astronauts can breathe.
3 Due to the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the plants. This
can actually kill them, so fans are needed to circulate the air. Without gravity, roots don't “know” to grow down,
leaves don't “know” to grow up, and water doesn't easily travel up the roots to the leaves. 4 Besides, soil is
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too heavy to send to space, and special liquid gels (胶) are used to help plant growth.
Scientists are also working on the plants themselves. They are trying to make plants grow more rapidly and
grow with less water and light in space. and they are looking for ways to make plants more resistant to disease. 5
Imagine that deserts may one day provide lots of fresh food for local people, saving transportation costs. Similarly,
plants that are resistant to disease could provide an important food supply. With the world's population now at seven
billion (十亿) people, our astronaut gardeners may help discover ways to feed those billions.
A. Every plant grown in space must have several uses.
B. However, there are challenges with growing plants in space.
C. Such methods may result in improvements back here on Earth.
D. The cost of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram.
E. Specialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow correctly.
F. Astronauts will welcome the addition of fruits and vegetables to their diet of dry foods.
G. Currently all oxygen is taken aboard in tanks and then caught again so it can be reused.
六、完形填空
With the successful launch of the Shenzhou 14 manned spacecraft, astronaut Chen Dong once again came into
people's view. But this is not his space travel. As early as 2016, Chen Dong took the Shenzhou 11 spacecraft and
realized his flying dream.
Chen Dong used to cause from time to time as a child and was often told off by his parents. However,a little
thing him. One day, when playing with a group of friends, he destroyed the head teacher's that were handed out by
the school. With butterflies in his stomach, Chen Dong knew that he was in trouble. To his very instead of criticizing
him, the teacher said to him: “I know you didn't do it, but in this way, I have no vegetables to eat. No matter what
you do in the future, you must think more about others.” For the first time, Chen Dong realized what and tolerance
are. From then on, he worked hard, helped others, and thus grew better and better.
Flying higher has always been the of Chen Dong for far too long. During the training program for astronauts, no
matter how difficult, the idea of giving up never in his mind. In order to fully prepare for the space mission, Chen
Dong almost contact with the outside world. He almost all his energy and time to the training program. Even his
twin sons could meet their father. Although he can't them all the time, Chen Dong uses other ways to express his
love. He takes pictures of the stars that can only be seen from space and imagine how and proud the children will
be when they receive them.
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1. A. last B. best C. first D. worst
2. A. fear B. trouble C. argument D. concern
3. A. interested B. defeated C. annoyed D. changed
4. A. books B. fruits C. clothes D. vegetables
5. A. disappointment B. surprise C. embarrassment D. horror
6. A. gently B. sharply C. happily D. unwillingly
7. A. by accident B. for fun C. on purpose D. with doubt
8. A. patience B. responsibility C. independence D. honesty
9. A. memory B. desire C. opportunity D. honor
10. A. emerged B. disappeared C. turned D. varied
11. A. stayed in B. set up C. cut off D. showed off
12. A. applied B. related C. devoted D. adjusted
13. A. seldom B. never C. frequently D. always
14. A. educate B. train C. influence D. accompany
15. A. confused B. challenged C. refreshed D. delighted
七、书面表达
假设你是李华，举行了一次班会，班会的主题是：太空探险的意义。请结合下表内容，用英语给校
报写一篇文章，客观地介绍班会上同学们讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。
赞同的理由：1. 获得新知识：2. 从太空取得新资源；3. 扩大人类未来的生存空间。
反对的理由：1. 耗资巨大，2. 宇航员的安全问题。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Outer Space Explorations, YES or NO？
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