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2024 年高考英语一轮复习测试卷三（北京卷）
本试卷共100分。考试时长100分钟
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完型填空（共10小题：每小题1.5份，共15份）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上
将该选项涂黑。
(2023届北京市丰台区高三一模)
It had been an interesting soccer match. Jerry was so absorbed in it that everyone____1____his passion for
sports. He also developed a____2____ attitude towards acquiring such a soccer uniform. Whatever he desires, he
asks his parents to purchase it in a split of seconds.
“Mom, I want a soccer uniform, he begged his mother.
“OK,” said his mother, “but you need to have___3___.”
The days passed by, but he got no ___4___ from his parents. His dream seemed to collapse. However, Jerry
never gave up his idea. He kept thinking how to achieve it as early as possible. A sparkling idea struck his mind. He
could ___5___ one of his T-shirts, but what if his mother saw and scolded (责备)?Though anxious, he finally
made up his mind.
He drew a circle with the help of a bowl and modified the soccer image onto the T-shirt. He also took___6___
to avoid the spread of color onto the other side of it. It was a remarkable piece of work.
“Jerry! What are you doing?” his mother suddenly appeared.
“I may not get the uniform, but I can try to paint the image on my T-shirt, I thought.” He was ___7___to face
his mother. But out of his expectation, his mother ____8____ him for his work ignoring the mistake. She did not
mind the T-shirt in the presence of the idea of painting.
“It’s OK,” said Mom.
“If we had fulfilled your every want, your inborn____9____would have been hidden. You wouldn’t have
thought of other alternative in getting the uniform. That adds to your_____10_____ to achieve your goal,” she said.
“Thank you, Mom.” He ran playfully.1. A. controlled B. sensed C. supported D. expected
2. A. thirsty B. realistic C. cautious D. selfish
3. A. confidence B. motivation C. inspiration D. patience
4. A. decision B. response C. judgment D. recognition
5. A. purchase B. exchange C. paint D. sew
6. A. interest B. energy C. courage D. care
7. A. eager B. surprised C. afraid D. relieved
8. A. appreciated B. blamed C. rewarded D. thanked
9. A. taste B. fondness C. talent D. fear
10. A. willpower B. honesty C. responsibility D. tolerance
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. A
【解析】本位为一篇记叙文。讲述了Jerry喜欢足球比赛，因此想要得到一件足球服，但是妈妈答应他后，
很长时间都没有兑现，因此他就在一件T恤上画画来设计自己的足球服。被妈妈发现了，妈妈夸奖了他为
此付出的努力。
1考查动词词义辨析。句意：他如此沉浸于比赛，以至于每个人都感受到了他对运动的热爱。A. controlled
控制；B. sensed感受到；C. supported支持；D. expected期望。根据前文“Jerry was so absorbed in it”可知，
Jerry如此沉浸于这次比赛，因此周围的人都感受到了他对运动的热爱，故选B。
2考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他也渴望得到一件足球服。A. thirsty渴望的；B. realistic现实的，真实的；
C. cautious谨慎的，小心的 ；D. selfish自私的。根据前文“his passion for sports”可知，他热爱运动，因此
他对得到一件足球服产生了渴望的态度，故选A。
3考查名词词义辨析。句意：她妈妈说道：“好的，但是你需要有耐心”。A. confidence信心；B.
motivation动力；C. inspiration灵感，鼓励；D. patience耐心。根据前文“Whatever he desires, he asks his
parents to purchase it in a split of seconds.”可知，无论他想要什么，都会让父母马上给他买，故此处他妈妈答
应给他买球服，但要求他要有耐心，故选D。
4考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是几天过去了，他的父母没有任何回应。A. decision决定；B. response回
应；C. judgement评论，判断；D. recognition辨认，识别。根据后文“His dream seemed to collapse.”可知，
他的梦想似乎要破灭了，故此处表示没有从父母那里得到任何回应，故选B。
5考查动词词义辨析。句意：他可以在他的一件T恤上画，画出一件球服，但是他又担心妈妈看到会责备
他。A. purchase购买；B. exchange交换；C. paint画画；D. sew缝。根据后文““I may not get the uniform,
but I can try to paint the image on my T-shirt, I thought.””的提示可知，此处表示他可以自己在一件T恤上作画，故选C。
6考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也很小心地避免颜色染到另一面。A. interest兴趣；B. energy能量；C.
courage勇气；D. care小心，护理。根据空后“to avoid the spread of color onto the other side of it.”可知，此
处指他很小心地作画，故选D。
7考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不敢面对他的妈妈。A. eager渴望的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. afraid害怕
的；D. relieved如释重负的。根据前文“He could ___5___ one of his T-shirts, but what if his mother saw and
scolded (责备)?”可知，他担心他的母亲会责备他，故此处表示他害怕面对他的母亲，故选C。
8考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是出乎意料的是，他的母亲奖励了他，且没有在意这个错误。A.
appreciated欣赏，感谢；B. blamed责备；C. rewarded奖励，奖赏；D. thanked感谢。根据后文“She did not
mind the T-shirt in the presence of the idea of painting.”可知，她很欣赏儿子在T恤上画画的这个想法，故选
A。
9考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们完全满足了你想要的一切，你内在的天赋就会被埋没。A. taste品
尝；B. fondness喜欢；C. talent天赋；D. fear害怕。根据空后的“would have been hidden”可知，此处指天
赋会被埋没，故选C。
10考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也就增加了你实现目标的毅力。A. willpower毅力，意志力；B. honesty诚
实；C. responsibility责任；D. tolerance耐心，忍耐力。根据前文“You wouldn’t have thought of other
alternative in getting the uniform.”可知，此处指这些事就增加了实现目标的毅力，故选A。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分）
(2023届北京市房山区高三一模)
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
When I was seven years old, I caught a cold and had to stay at home. My parents had to work, so my neighbor
came over to look after me. She read many different books to me ____11____ (patient), including adventures set in
ancient times, travel stories, family dramas, historical novels, etc. To my joy, ____12____ (listen) to each book
made me feel like watching a movie, but better because books gave much more details than movies. She started my
interest in reading. Next year, after graduating from college, I ____13____ (have) a job teaching English. I hope
that I can transfer the love of reading to my students.
【答案】11. patiently 12. listening 13. will have##am going to have
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候，邻居激发了作者的阅读兴趣。11考查副词。句意：她耐心地给我读了很多不同的书，包括古代冒险故事、旅行故事、家庭剧、历史小说
等。修饰动词，用副词形式。故填patiently。
12考查非谓语动词。句意：让我高兴的是，每听一本书都让我感觉像在看电影，但更好，因为书比电影提
供了更多的细节。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。故填listening。
13考查时态。句意：明年，大学毕业后，我将有一份教英语的工作。根据时间状语Next year可知，用一
般将来时。故填will have/am going to have。
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Beijing Olympic Park, also ____14____ (know) as the Olympic Green, is located in Chaoyang District,
Beijing, with a total land area of 11.59 square kilometers. The famous National Stadium or “Bird’s Nest” is the
centerpiece of the park, ____15____ the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics
were hosted. The National Aquatics Center or “Water Cube” hosted the swimming, diving and synchronized
swimming events. It was transformed ____16____ the “Ice Cube” for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic and
Paralympic Games, and detachable curling tracks were built on the swimming pool to host curling events.
【答案】14. known 15. where 16. into##to
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了北京奥林匹克公园。
14考查非谓语动词。句意：北京奥林匹克公园，又称奥林匹克公园，位于北京市朝阳区，总土地面积
11.59平方公里。根据句子分析可知，此处作定语，主语Beijing Olympic Park与know之间为被动关系，故
应用过去分词作后置定语。故填known。
15考查定语从句。句意：著名的国家体育馆或者“鸟巢”是公园的中心，在这里举办了2022年北京冬奥
会的开幕式和闭幕式。根据句子分析可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为The famous National Stadium or
“Bird’s Nest”，在定语从句中作地点状语，故应用where引导。故填where。
16考查介词。句意：为2022年北京冬奥会和残运会，将它改造成了“冰立方”，并在游泳池上建造了可
拆卸的冰壶跑道，以举办冰壶比赛。根据句意可知，此处意为“转变为，改变为”，表达为be transformed
into/to。故填into/to。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
World Environment Day (WED) is a day we all need to put in our ____17____ (diary). It happens on June 5every year and should be one of the most important days of the holiday calendar. WED ____18____ (create) in
1972 by the United Nations General Assembly. The environment wasn’t such a big issue back then. But it is one of
the hottest topics in the world today. WED helps raise worldwide awareness of the threats to our environment.
____19____ people can do that day is to start changing lifestyles to reduce their carbon footprint. Many
environmental agencies organize events based on different themes each year. These events encourage both
governments and local communities to work together ____20____ (handle) environmental problems.
【答案】17. diaries 18. was created 19. What 20. to handle
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界环境日。
17考查名词的数。句意：世界环境日是我们每个人都需要记在日记里的一天。名词diary为可数名词，根
据形容词性物主代词our可知，用名词的复数形式。故填diaries。
18考查时态语态。句意：世界环境日由联合国大会于1972年创立。根据时间状语in 1972可知，用一般过
去时。主语WED是单数，与create之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was created。
19考查名词性从句。句意：人们在这一天能做的就是开始改变生活方式来减少碳足迹。本句为主语从句，
从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填What。
20考查非谓语动词。句意：这些活动鼓励政府和当地社区共同努力解决环境问题。句中用不定式作目的状
语。故填to handle。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
（2023届北京市东城区高三一模）
Every year, young, talented, and ambitious nature conservationists from all over the world shoot their shot for
the Future For Nature (FFN) Award, an honorable international award.
The Future For Nature aims to:
·Reward and fund individuals for their outstanding efforts in the protection of species of wild animals and
plants.
·Stimulate award winners to sustain their dedicated work.
·Help winners to raise their profile, extend their professional network and strengthen their funding basis.Benefits
·The winners each receive 50,000 euros and may make their own decision to spend the money in the service of
nature conservation.
·FFN offers the winners a platform and brings their stories to the attention of conservationists, financiers and a
wide audience, allowing them to increase their impact and gain more access to funds.
·FFN is building a growing family of winners, dedicated people who form a community of people with the
same interest. FFN offers them the opportunity to meet each other and continue to learn with each other in order to
continue their fight for nature as efficiently and effectively as possible.
Qualifications
The candidate：
·Must be born on or after the 31st May 1988 and before the 31st May 2005.
.
·Is able to explain his/her conservation work in fluent English (written and spoken)
·Has achieved substantial and long-term benefits to the conservation status of one or more animal or plant
species.
·Must be determined to continue his/her conservation work, as the award aims to stimulate the winner’s future
work. It is not an “end of career” prize.
Additional Remarks
For the 2023 Future For Nature Award, we are again searching for natural leaders, who have proven that they
can make a difference in species’ survival.
From all applications, 6 to 10 nominees (被提名者) will be selected. These applicants will be asked to provide
additional information, which will be used to select the final awardees. Ultimately, three inspiring wildlife heroes
are selected as the winners.
Application Process: Apply online through the Apply Now link.
Application Deadline: May 1st, 2023.
21. Which is one of the aims of the Future For Nature?
A. To aid more green groups. B. To fund academic education.
C. To inspire conservation efforts. D. To raise environmental awareness.
22. The winners will get the chance to ________.
A. consult top specialists B. meet like-minded people
C. benefit the local community D. promote self-created platforms
23. To apply for the 2023 Future For Nature Award, candidates must ________.A. meet the age requirement B. apply via mail by the deadline
C. turn in the application in English D. provide additional personal information
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍自然的未来奖 (FFN) 的目的，益处，资格和申请候选人等相关信
息。
21细节理解题。根据小标题The Future For Nature aims to:中的“·Reward and fund individuals for their
outstanding efforts in the protection of species of wild animals and plants. (奖励和资助在保护野生动植物物种方
面做出突出努力的个人)”和“·Stimulate award winners to sustain their dedicated work. (激励获奖者保持他们的
敬业精神)”可知，FFN的目标之一是激励保护工作，故选C。
22 细节理解题。根据小标题 The Future For Nature aims to:中的“·FFN is building a growing family of
winners, dedicated people who form a community of people with the same interest. FFN offers them the
opportunity to meet each other and continue to learn with each other in order to continue their fight for nature as
efficiently and effectively as possible.(FFN正在建立一个不断壮大的赢家家庭，由具有相同兴趣的人组成一
个社区。FFN为他们提供了彼此见面的机会，并继续相互学习，以便尽可能高效和有效地继续为自然而
战)”可知，获胜者将有机会认识志同道合的人。故选B。
23细节理解题。根据小标题Qualifications中的“The candidate: ·Must be born on or after the 31st May 1988
and before the 31st May 2005. (候选人：1988年5月31日或之后，2005年5月31日之前出生)”可知，要申
请2023年自然未来奖，候选人必须符合年龄要求。故选A。
B
(2023届北京市石景山区高三一模)
Imagine a simple blood test that could flag most kinds of cancers at the earliest, most curable stage. Liquid
biopsies could, in theory, detect a tumor (肿瘤) well before it could be found by touch, symptoms or imaging.
Blood tests could avoid the need for surgeons to cut tissue samples and make it possible to reveal cancer hiding in
places needles and scalpels cannot safely reach. They could also determine what type of cancer is taking root to
help doctors decide what treatment might work best to destroy it.
Liquid biopsies are not yet in hand, because it is hard to find definitive cancer signals in a tube of blood, but
progress in recent years has been impressive. Last year the journal Science published the first big prospective
study of a liquid biopsy for DNA and proteins from multiple types of cancers. Though far from perfect, the blood
test called CancerSEEK found 26 tumors that had not been discovered with conventional screenings.
Liquid biopsies can rely on a variety of biomarkers in addition to tumor DNA and proteins, such as free-floating cancer cells themselves. But what makes the search difficult, Ana Robles, a cancer biologist of the National
Cancer Institute, explains, is that “if you have an early-stage cancer or certain types of cancer, there might not be a
lot of tumor DNA,” and tests might miss it. The ideal blood test will be both very specific and very sensitive so that
even tiny tumors can be found. To tackle this challenge, CancerSEEK looks for cancer-specific mutations (突变) on
16 genes, and for eight proteins that are linked to cancer and for which there are highly sensitive tests.
Simple detection is not the only goal. An ideal liquid biopsy will also determine the likely location of the
cancer so that it can be treated. “Mutations are often shared among different kinds of cancer, so if you find them in
blood, you don’t know if that mutation is coming from a stomach cancer or lung cancer,” says Anirban Maitra, a
cancer scientist at the Anderson Cancer Center. To solve that problem, some newer liquid biopsies look for changes
in gene expression. Such changes, Maitra notes, are “more organ-specific”.
On the nearer horizon are liquid biopsies to help people already diagnosed with cancer. Last year the
government approved the first two such tests, which scan for tumor DNA so doctors can select mutation-targeted
drugs. Scientists are working on blood tests to detect the first signs of cancer recurrence (复发) in patients who
have completed treatment. This work is moving fast, but does it save lives?
That is the question companies such as Thrive and Grail must answer for their broadly ambitious screening
tests. “These companies have to prove that they can detect early cancer and, more important, that the early
detection can have an impact on cancer survival,” Maitra observes.
24. According to the passage, liquid biopsies are expected to
A. flag cancer and determine the treatment
B. detect cancer signals from a sample of blood
C. take images of tumors and prevent potential cancers
D. show types of cancer by measuring the amount of proteins
25. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Signs of cancer recurrence are not detectable.
B. Different kinds of cancer have different gene mutations.
C. Biomarkers are much more reliable than tumor DNA and proteins.
D. Organ-specific cancers will be identified through changes in gene expression.
26. The author is mostly concerned about whether .
A. liquid biopsies can discover tumors conventional screenings can’t find
B. liquid biopsies can improve the application of mutation-targeted drugs
C. liquid biopsies can help save the lives of those with cancerD. liquid biopsies can be developed for cancer prevention
【答案】24. B 24. D 26. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了液体活检检测肿瘤的研究以及目前存在的一些不足之处。
24细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Liquid biopsies could, in theory, detect a tumor (肿瘤) well before it could
be found by touch, symptoms or imaging. (理论上，液体活检可以通过触摸、症状或成像能发现之前检测出肿
瘤)”可知，液体活检，如血样能够检测出肿瘤。故选B项。
25推理判断题。根据第四段后二句“To solve that problem, some newer liquid biopsies look for changes in gene
expression. Such changes, Maitra notes, are “more organ-specific”. (为了解决这个问题，一些新的液体活检寻
找基因表达的变化。Maitra指出，这种变化“更具器官特异性”)”可推测出，器官特异性的肿瘤将能通过
基因表达上的变化被识别出。故选D项。
26推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句““These companies have to prove that they can detect early cancer
and, more important, that the early detection can have an impact on cancer survival,” Maitra observes. (“这些公司
必须证明他们能够检测到早期癌症，更重要的是，早期检测可以对癌症生存率产生影响。”Maitra说
道。)”推知，作者关心的是液体活检是否有助于挽救癌症患者的生命。故选C项。
C
(2023届北京市朝阳区高三一模)
Clown fish live their adult lives in the protective arms of sea anemones, the small brightly colored sea animals
attached onto rocks to house clown fish. Between birth and adulthood, however, the fish have to complete a
treacherous journey. After hatching, they swim out to the open sea to finish developing. After maturing, the young
fish swim back, during which they have to avoid a “wall of mouths” by sensing the unfriendly smells. With ocean
acidification, a trend that is occurring worldwide, scientists began to wonder what might happen to fish’s sense of
smell.
My team put 300 recently hatched clown fish in our lab. When we introduced a friendly fish odor (气味), they
did not react. But when we introduced an enemy odor, they swam away. We then repeated the experiment with 300
new hatchlings from the same parents in the more acidic water-a level we can expect by the year 2100 if current
trends continue. When we introduced friendly and unfriendly smells at the same time, the fish seemed unable to
make up their minds, spending equal time swimming toward one smell and the other. They could sense chemical
signals but couldn’t recognize the meaning of them.
It is always tricky to say that behaviors seen in a lab would also be seen in the wild. So we went to a sandy
lake near one of the Great Barrier Reef’s northern islands to test how wild-caught damselfish would react to enemysmells after exposing them to acidic water. In a tank, about half of them held in water with acidity expected by
2050 were attracted to the unfriendly odor and half were not, yet not one held in water anticipated by 2100 avoided
being attracted to the enemy odor. We then let the marked damselfish loose in the lake. The fish once held in the
most acidic water swam farther away from their protective home. Can fish adapt? Most studies have habituated fish
to lifted acidic conditions over a few days or months-an extremely short length of time. The animals are not given a
realistic opportunity to adapt. Yet some scientists thought that fish might escape the anger of ocean acidification, in
part because early research done in the 1980s showed that certain animals had an astonishing ability to regulate
their internal chemistry to survive acidified water. But maintaining normal functions such as avoiding danger is a
different challenge.
At a minimum, confusion could place yet another stressor on fish already challenged by rising water
temperatures, overfishing, etc. Further, if many ocean creatures start to behave strangely, entire food webs and
ecosystems could come crashing down. Although the science is still new, the results appear to be lining up: ocean
acidification is messing with fish’s minds.
27. What does the underlined word “treacherous” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Risky. B. Hurried.
C. Mysterious. D. Helpless.
28. What can we learn about the fish in the acidic water?
A. They lost their senses to chemical signals.
B. They were less likely to respond to threats.
C. Their behavior in the lab disappeared in the wild.
D. They tended to seek the protection from their home.
29. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. The author’s study confirms previous findings.
B. Fish’s adaptation to acidic water is a matter of time.
C. Different fishes behave differently to acidity change.
D. The chances of restoring fish’s minds are yet to be seen.
30. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. What Do Different Stressors Do to Ocean Creatures?
B. What Does Ocean Acidity Mean to Ocean Creatures?
C. How Does Ocean Acidification Destroy the Ecosystem?
D. How Do Ocean Creatures Adapt to Ocean Acidification?【答案】27. A 28. B 29. D 30. B
【解析】本文是篇说明文。文章通过科研团队对小丑鱼和小热带鱼的实验和研究，说明了海洋酸化正在搅
乱海洋生物的思维，对它们产生了较大的影响。
27词义猜测题。根据第一段“After hatching, they swim out to the open sea to finish developing. After maturing,
the young fish swim back, during which they have to avoid a “wall of mouths” by sensing the unfriendly smells.
”（孵化后，它们游到大海中完成发育。成年后，幼鱼会游回来，在此期间，它们必须通过感知不友好的
气味来避开“口墙”。）可知，小丑鱼出生后要独自去大海中生活，成年后才能回来，这期间随时都有被
其他生物吃掉的可能，有着较大的风险，可谓是一场有风险的旅程。故划线词“treacherous”表示“有风险
的”。故选A。
28细节理解题。根据第二段“When we introduced friendly and unfriendly smells at the same time, the fish
seemed unable to make up their minds, spending equal time swimming toward one smell and the other. They could
sense chemical signals but couldn’t recognize the meaning of them.”（当我们同时引入友好和不友好的气味
时，鱼似乎无法下定决心，花同样的时间游向一种气味和另一种气味。他们可以感知化学信号，但不能识
别它们的意义。）可知，鱼在酸性水中，不太能识别不友好的具有威胁性的气味。故选B。
29推理判断题。根据第三段“But maintaining normal functions such as avoiding danger is a different
challenge.”（但维持正常功能，如避免危险则是另一种挑战。）和最后一段“Although the science is still
new, the results appear to be lining up: ocean acidification is messing with fish’s minds.”（虽然这门科学还是新
兴的，但结果似乎是一致的：海洋酸化正在扰乱鱼类的思维。）可知，海洋酸化正在扰乱鱼的思维，使鱼
很难避免危险，所以恢复鱼的思维的可能性还有待观察。故选D。
30主旨大意题。根据第一段“With ocean acidification, a trend that is occurring worldwide, scientists began to
wonder what might happen to fish’s sense of smell.”（随着全球范围内海洋酸化的趋势，科学家们开始想知道
鱼类的嗅觉会发生什么。）和最后一段“Although the science is still new, the results appear to be lining up:
ocean acidification is messing with fish’s minds.”（虽然这门科学还是新兴的，但结果似乎是一致的：海洋酸
化正在扰乱鱼类的思维。）及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了海洋酸化对海洋生物产生的影响。故选B。
D
(2022届北京市顺义区高三一模)
The idea of unplugged running is gaining steam in the fitness community, as recent studies show that being
addicted to tracking fitness metrics can lead to negative mindsets and outcomes.
Eoin Whelan, a senior lecturer in business information systems at the National University of Ireland Galway,
explores the psychology behind engagement with social media and fitness tracking apps. “People are getting moreenjoyment out of gathering the data and analyzing that and sharing it with other people”, Whelan told CNN, adding
that there is a big element of social comparison for those who use fitness tracking apps. “People will compare
themselves to people who are better than them, who are running faster or running longer. And ultimately we know
that makes them feel bad.”
Whelan also noted that people who are very reliant on smartwatches. fitness trackers or fitness apps are more
likely to skip their workout if the batteries on their tracking devices are dead. It’s like we can’t interpret our own
body signals. We are becoming very dependent on the technology to actually do that for us. When you ask some of
the athletes a simple question like “how did you sleep last night?” they can’t answer unless they look at the data.
Other researches show that too much screen time, including looking at our smartwatch or fitness apps, has
negative impacts on mental health. The information people gather from smartwatches and workout tracking apps
can contribute to “information overload” problems. Having a constant flow of information due to technology can
lead to stress, anxiety, loss of sleep, depression, and more. The more we allow notifications and alerts to beckon (吸
引) us, the more stress and anxiety chemicals are released, making us on edge and our mental and emotional
systems are flooded with a message that says, “check me now”. Some experts advocate us to create screen-free
zones as well as taking “tech breaks”, where we set a 15-or 30-timer during which we don’t check our phone. The
time limit tells our brain that we can check the phone soon and reduces the anxiety of feeling we have to check in
all the time.
Running watch-free is beneficial for more than just the casual jogger or weekend warrior. Some professionals
also have had success with leaving their watches at home. Welsh runner Steve Jones famously set a world record at
the 1984 Chicago Marathon without wearing a watch. He later told journalists he didn't even know he was on world
record-pace until he crossed the finish line.
It’s not all negative, though. Other studies show there are many upsides to using fitness trackers. When using
these technologies, some people tend to exercise for longer and at a higher intensity as well, which is all good for
their physical well- being. So ditching the data might not be best for everyone.
31. According to Whelan, why do people involve themselves in fitness tracking apps?
A. Because they fail to interpret their own body signals.
B. Because they want to learn from those who exercise better.
C. Because they skip workout when their batteries run out.
D. Because they gain satisfaction when they see the data.
32. What could “tech breaks” do for us, according to Whelan?A. They enable our mind to relax for a while. B. They allow us to check our phone at any time.
C. They expose our mind to crowded information. D. They release anxiety chemicals affecting us.
33. What does the underlined word “ditching” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Tracking. B. Abandoning. C. Analyzing. D. Collecting.
34. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Running watch-free gives people more motivation.
B. Professional runners do not wear a watch while training.
C. Information overload has bad effects on our mental health.
D. The setbacks of running watch-free outweigh the benefits.
【答案】31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最近的研究表明，沉迷于跟踪健身指标可能会导致消极的心态
和结果。
31细节理解题。根据第二段“People are getting more enjoyment out of gathering the data and analyzing that
and sharing it with other people（人们从收集数据，分析数据并与他人分享中获得了更多乐趣）”可知，人
们在沉迷于跟踪健身指标应用软件中获得了更多的乐趣，得到了满足感。故选D。
32细节理解题。根据第四段“The time limit tells our brain that we can check the phone soon and reduces the
anxiety of feeling we have to check in all the time（这个时间限制告诉我们的大脑，我们可以很快查看手机并
且减少我们一直看手机的焦虑感）”可知，tech breaks可以让我们减少焦虑感，从而让大脑休息。故选
A。
33词义猜测题。根据“Other studies show there are many upsides to using fitness trackers（其他研究表明使用
健康跟踪软件有许多好处）”可猜测ditching the data might not be best for everyone意思是“抛弃数据可能
不是对每个人都是最好的”，故ditching意为“抛弃”，A. Tracking追踪；B. Abandoning抛弃；C.
Analyzing分析；D. Collecting收集。故选B。
34推理判断题。根据第四段“Having a constant flow of information due to technology can lead to stress,
anxiety, loss of sleep, depression, and more（因为科技而不断地看信息可能导致压力，焦虑，失眠，抑郁以及
更多）”可推断出，过多的信息对我们的精神健康有害。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。
(2023届北京市朝阳区高三下学期一模)
Once upon a time, we were all question-asking experts. We started asking our parents numerous questions askids. By preschool, our inquiries even reached the depths of science, philosophy, and the social order. Where does
the sun go at night? Why doesn’t that man have a home like we do? Why do rocks sink but ice floats? ____35____
Why does the child’s urge to ask questions grow inactive in so many adults? An important factor is how the
social environments surrounding us change as we age. Schools transform from a place for asking questions to one
funded by our ability to answer them. ____36____ And we recognize that society rewards the people who propose
to have the answers.
____37____ We can be braver about asking questions in public and encouraging others to pursue their
curiosity, too. In that encouragement, we help create an environment where those around us feel safe to ask
questions.
When it comes to how we phrase questions, we are advised to open with less sensitive questions, favor follow-
up questions, and keep questions open-ended. We can also practice asking questions of and for ourselves by
keeping a running list of questions in a journal. ____38____ Finally, we could set aside time to ask absurd
questions like “How would you accomplish a week’s work in two hours?” This type of questions forces us to break
the boundaries of our comfort zone.
In the world that does not look much as it did years ago, we must ask questions. ____39____ Great questions
can open up our capacity to change because they allow us to draw people in, opening them up to sharing
knowledge, ideas, and opinions. And they are also our primary means of learning about the world. In short, asking
questions is the best way to deepen our understanding of the things that matter to our life. As any child could
probably tell us if we asked.
A. Then, at some point, our inquiring desires disappear.
B. It is a high-payoff behavior especially in times of change.
C. The questions we ask depend on our attitudes as well as the situations.
D. But as we grow up, asking questions fills us with worry and self-doubt.
E. As such, one way to renew our inquiring spirit is to change the atmosphere.
F. We learn to sell ourselves on the job market by what we know, not what we don’t.
G. It not only removes the publicity from question asking, but offers us a place to experiment.
【答案】35. A 36. F 37. E 38. G 39. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着年龄的增长我们问问题的欲望不断减少的原因和和应对策
略。
35上文“Once upon a time, we were all question-asking experts.(曾几何时，我们都是提问专家。)”提到了曾经的我们都爱问问题，并列举了一系列曾经问过的问题。下文“Why does the child’s urge to ask questions
grow inactive in so many adults?(为什么在许多成年人身上，孩子问问题的冲动变得不活跃了?)”提到了现在
情况发生了转折，A选项中inquiring与上文的问题呼应，dispear与下文的inactive呼应，所以A选项“然
后，在某个时刻，我们的探究欲望消失了。”承上启下，符合题意。故选A项。
36下文“And we recognize that society rewards the people who propose to have the answers.(我们认识到，社会
会奖励那些提出答案的人。)”提到了那些提出答案的人，F选项中what we know与下文那些提出答案的人
呼应，所以F选项“我们学会在就业市场上用我们知道的东西来推销自己，而不是我们不知道的东西。”
能引起下文内容，符合语境。故选F项。
37下文“We can be braver about asking questions in public and encouraging others to pursue their curiosity, too.
In that encouragement, we help create an environment where those around us feel safe to ask questions.(我们可以
更勇敢地在公共场合提问，也可以鼓励其他人追求自己的好奇心。在这种鼓励下，我们帮助创造一种环
境，让我们周围的人可以放心地提出问题。)”提到了创造提问的环境，E选项中mosphere是关键词，与下
文的environment相呼应，所以E选项“As such, one way to renew our inquiring spirit is to change the
atmosphere(因此，要恢复我们的探究精神，一个方法就是改变氛围)”能概括下文内容。故选E项。
38上文“We can also practice asking questions of and for ourselves by keeping a running list of questions in a
journal.(我们也可以通过在日记中记录问题列表来练习问自己问题。)”提到了通过日记记录问题，G选项中
a place是关键词语上文的journal呼应，所以G选项“这不仅消除了提问的公共性，还为我们提供了一个实
验的场所。”能承接上文内容，符合语境。故选G项。
39上文“In the world that does not look much as it did years ago, we must ask questions.(在这个与多年前大不
相同的世界里，我们必须提出问题。)”提到了世界的变化，B选项中change是关键词与上文呼应，所以B
选项“这是一种高回报的行为，尤其是在变革时期。”能呼应上文内容。故选B项。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，共32分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
(2023届北京市丰台区高三一模)
If you’ve spent any time on social media sites, you’ve probably noticed it: parents share news, photos, and
other information about their children. This phenomenon is called “sharenting”, a combination of the words
“sharing” and
“parenting”.
Much of the research on sharenting focuses on why parents choose to share online. Studies found that forparents of infants (婴儿), sharenting can help ease the social isolation that comes with this period in their children’s
lives. Parents of teenagers also share information about their kids on social media. Research has shown their
motivations include communicating their pride in their children’s accomplishments and informing friends and
family about their kids’ lives.
However, when parents post about their children on social media with high frequency, the phenomenon of
“oversharenting” occurs, which can be a great cause for concern. For example, if parents share too much
information that their children don’t want disclosed, it may lead them to withhold information about their lives
from their parents so they can better control what can and can’t be posted about them.
Additionally, the cute photos or funny observations parents share online about their children could become a
problem when their kids get older. In particular, colleges and employers are increasingly checking applicants’
online activity, and as a result, information posted by parents could become a source of embarrassment or affect a
potential college’s or employer’s assessment of their child.
Sharing information has never been faster than in the digital age. While it can be very convenient to post
milestones of their children, it’s important for parents to ensure they’re sharenting responsibly. After all it’s not just
a picture, it’s the child and their digital footprint.
40. According to the passage, what is sharenting?
______________________________________________________________________
41. Why do parents of infants choose to share online?
______________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
When parents oversharent, their children may make up information about their lives to better control what can and
can’t be posted about them.
______________________________________________________________________
43. Besides what’s mentioned in the passage, what else can you do if your parents oversharent? (In about 40 words)
______________________________________________________________________
【答案】40. It is a phenomenon where parents share news, photos, and other information about their children.
41. Because sharenting can help ease the social isolation that comes with this period in their children’s lives.
42. When parents oversharent, their children may make up information about their lives to better control what can
and can’t be posted about them.
According to the passage, their children may withhold information about their lives from their parents to bettercontrol what can and can’t be posted about them.
43. If my parents oversharent, I can talk to them and express my concerns about the information they’re sharing
online. I can also set boundaries and ask them to get my permission before sharing anything about me, or ask them
to limit the audience of their posts.
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个新生单词——“sharenting”，也就是“晒娃”。文章分
析了这种现象产生的原因以及可能存在的问题。
40考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“If you’ve spent any time on social media sites, you’ve probably noticed it:
parents share news, photos, and other information about their children. This phenomenon is called “sharenting”, a
combination of the words “sharing” and “parenting”.(如果你花时间在社交媒体网站上，你可能已经注意到：
父母分享新闻、照片和其他关于孩子的信息。这种现象被称为“晒娃”，由“分享”和“养育”两个词组
合而成。)”可知，所谓的“sharenting”指的是一种父母在社交媒体分析关于孩子的新闻、照片和其他信息。
故答案为It is a phenomenon where parents share news, photos, and other information about their children.。
41考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Studies found that for parents of infants(婴儿), sharenting can help ease
the social isolation that comes with this period in their children’s lives.(研究发现，对于有婴儿的父母来说，
“晒娃”有助于缓解他们在孩子这一阶段中所面临的社会孤立。)”可知，对于有婴儿的父母而言，“晒
娃”有助于缓解他们在孩子这一阶段中所面临的社会孤立。故答案为 Because sharenting can help ease the
social isolation that comes with this period in their children’s lives.。
42考查推理判断。根据文章第三段“However, when parents post about their children on social media with high
frequency, the phenomenon of “oversharenting” occurs, which can be a great cause for concern. For example, if
parents share too much information that their children don’t want disclosed, it may lead them to withhold
information about their lives from their parents so they can better control what can and can’t be posted about them.
(然而，当父母在社交媒体上频繁地晒孩子的照片时，“过度晒娃”的现象就会出现，这可能是一个令人担
忧的问题。例如，如果父母分享了太多孩子不想透露的信息，这可能会导致他们对父母隐瞒自己的生活信
息，这样他们就能更好地控制哪些信息可以发布，哪些信息不可以发布。)”可知，如果父母过度晒娃，孩
子可能就会对父母隐瞒自己的生活信息。因此原句中的“make up information about their lives”是错误的。
故答案为When parents oversharent, their children may make up information about their lives to better control
what can and can’t be posted about them.
According to the passage, their children may withhold information about their lives from their parents to better
control what can and can’t be posted about them.。
43开放题。要求考生以自己为例，说明如果父母过度晒出自己的生活信息，自己会如何做，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为If my parents oversharent, I can talk to them and express my concerns about the information
they’re sharing online. I can also set boundaries and ask them to get my permission before sharing anything about
me, or ask them to limit the audience of their posts.。
第二节: 书面表达（共一题，20分)
(2023届北京市石景山区一模)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim给你写了一封信，提及因为误解，他和同学产生
了不愉快。请用英文给Jim回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 安慰Jim；
2. 具体建议。
注意：1．词数 100 左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】范文1
Dear Jim,
I’m sorry to hear that you are having trouble with your classmates. It’s never easy when misunderstandings
occur. But don’t worry, I’m here for you.
I have some suggestions that might help. Try having an open and honest conversation with your classmates.
Explain how you’re feeling and listen to their points as well. It’s possible that they just didn’t realize they were
causing you harm. If that doesn’t work, don’t be afraid to ask teachers for help. They’re expert at dealing with
conflicts and can give you advice on how to handle the situation.
I hope this helps. Just remember that conflicts are totally normal, but with a little patience and understanding,
you are sure to work through it. Take care.Yours,
Li Hua
范文2
Dear Jim,
I’m sorry to hear that you’re experiencing some difficulties with your classmates. It can be tough when
misunderstandings occur, but please know that you’re not alone. We all go through similar situations in our lives.
As for your situation, here are some suggestions that might help. Firstly, try to have an open and honest
conversation with your classmates to understand their perspective and clarify any misunderstandings. Secondly, it’s
important to approach the situation with kindness and empathy. Finally, don’t be afraid to seek help from a teacher
or counselor if the situation continues.
Remember, you’re a great person and don’t let this situation bring you down. Keep your head up and stay
positive!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友 Jim回复邮件，对于他和同学产生的不愉快表示
安慰并提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
发生：occur→happen
观点：point→view
向……求助：ask…for help→turn to…for help
完全：totally→completely
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：They’re expert at dealing with conflicts and can give you advice on how to handle the situation.
拓展句：They’re expert at dealing with conflicts, who can give you advice on how to handle the situation.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I have some suggestions that might help.（运用了that引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】It’s possible that they just didn’t realize they were causing you harm.（运用了it作形式主语，
that引导主语从句以省略that的宾语从句）
【高分句型3】If that doesn’t work, don’t be afraid to ask teachers for help.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
