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单元提升卷 05 Unit 5 Working the Land
单元基础知识巩固
Ⅰ. 核心单词
1. _______________________ n. 不足; 缺少; 短缺
2. _______________________ vt. 解决(难题); 应付(局面); 处理
3. _______________________ n. 现实; 实际情况; 事实
4. _______________________ vt. 使相信; 使确信; 说服
5. _______________________ n. 假定; 设定; (责任的)承担; (权利的)获得
6. _______________________ vt. (通常经过努力)获得; 得到
7. _______________________ vt. 克服; 解决; 战胜
8. _______________________ adj. 热切的; 十分强烈的; 激烈的
9. _______________________ vt. 产生; 引起
10. _______________________ adj. 完全必要的; 极其重要的
Ⅱ. 拓展单词
1. devote vt. 把……献(给); 把……专用于; 专心于→_______________________ adj. 专心的
→_______________________ n. 献身, 热爱
2. deep adj. 深的→_______________________ n. 向下(或向里)的距离; 深(度)
3. expand v. 扩大; 发展→_______________________ n. 扩大, 发展
4. convention n. 惯例; 常规; 习俗→_______________________ adj. 习惯的, 传统的
5. character n. 个性; 品质; 字符; 人物→____________________ n. 特征; 特点; 品质adj. 典型的; 独特
的
6. estimate vt. 估计→_______________________ n. 估算; 估价
7. consume v. 消费→_______________________ n. 消费→_______________________ n. 消费者
8. nutrition n. 营养; 滋养→___________________ adj. 有营养的→___________________ adj. 营养(物)的
9. digest v. 消化→_______________________ n. 消化; 领悟
10. entire adj. 整个的; 完全的; 全部的→_____________________ adv. 完全地; 全然地; 整个地
III.核心短语
1. _______________________ 把……用于; 献身; 致力; 专心
2. _______________________ 包括; 由……组成(或构成)
3. _______________________ 在内心深处; 本质上; 实际上
4. _______________________ 相应地; 转而; 依次; 轮流5. _______________________ 例如; 比如
6. _______________________ 转向
7. _______________________ 使……免受(影响、伤害等)
8. _______________________ 扩大成/发展成为……
9. _______________________通过不懈的努力
10. _______________________ 几乎相反, 远非; 远离
一、单句语法填空
1． (essential), we are talking about the world war period.
2．The company, New England Electric, burns coal (generate) power.
3．It is unwise to (estimate) your opponent’s strength and intelligence.
4．The waste water from the nearby factory has to be (chemical) treated.
5．People tend to have a preference for (organic) grown vegetables.
6．Agriculture could become the growth engine for hunger reduction and poverty (alleviate).
7．Some differences between Chinese and foreign social media (root) in culture and language.
8．Children with poor nutrition are supposed to eat food rich in vitamins and (mineral).
9．There is a great demand for volunteers in Africa because many people live in (poor).
10．So far, a survey of the British diet (reveal) that a growing number of people are overweight.
11．We’re looking for a headmaster, one who will devote himself (entire) to the cause of education.
12．All her time devoted to (do) experiments, she has no time for entertainment.
13．The path extended into the (deep) of the forest.
14．If you are in need of an (extend) of the deadline, simply explain the situation to the professor.
15．In (real), many women are forced to make a choice between family and career.
16．People only become true (celebrity) when they maintain a high profile both in their professional
and private lives.
17．Although the fuel (consume) is greater in the northern hemisphere, temperatures there seem to be
falling.
18．Even though our earth is rich in water resource, there is still a (short) of water in many places
because ocean water can’t be used directly.
19．The teacher’s selfless (devote) to the cause of education is well known, and all her students
respect and love her.
20．They might help reduce energy (consume).
答案第2页，共2页21．As she wrote, she could smell the (salt) air, hear the crashing waves and feel the pull of the sand
beneath her feet.
22．After (graduate) from college, he went to the United States for further study.
23．It (estimate) that the project will last four years.
24．I yielded temptation and had a chocolate bar.
25． caused the accident to happen hasn’t been made clear yet.
26． remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create.
27． we succeed or fail depends on our effort and perseverance.
28．Visitors go to the Getty thinking they are visiting a museum with works of art on the inside.
they discover instead is a work of art with a museum inside.
29．It is not clear Michael will go camping on the weekend.
30． we can get in touch with him is the most important.
高考能力提升
二、阅读理解
A
There are many scientific breakthroughs made by women in the Antarctic. Here are four landmarks in Antarctica
and the female pioneers they’re named after.
Jones Terrace
The ice-free terrace in eastern Antarctica’s Victoria Land bears Jones’ name. In 1969, geochemist Lois M. Jones
led the first all-female research team from the U. S. to work in Antarctica. Jones and her team studied chemical
weathering in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, an ice-free area of Antarctica. Through chemical analyses of rocks they
had collected, Jones and her team discovered many geochemical characteristics of the valley’s ice-covered lakes.
Mount Fiennes
8,202-foot-high Mount Fiennes, located on Antarctica’s largest island — Alexander Island — is named after
Ginny Fiennes. She established and maintained 80-foot-tall radio towers in the Antarctic with her colleagues. In
1985, Fiennes became the first female invited to join the Antarctic Club, a British supper club open to individuals
who have spent extended time in the Antarctic region.
Francis Peak
The 3,727-foot-tall peak on Antarctica’s Adelaide Island is named after Dame Jane Francis, who is the first female
director of the British Antarctic Survey, the national polar research institute of the UK. Her collection of fossils on
Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica’s abundant plant fossils indicate the continentonce had a much warmer climate than it currently does.
Peden Cliffs
Peden Cliffs near Antarctica’s Marie Byrd Land are proof of the labor of Irene Peden. She was the first
American female scientist to both live and work in the Antarctic, where she used radio waves to study ice sheets.
Peden and her team determined how very low frequency radio wave spread over long polar distances by
measuring pathways in the ice. They also used varying radio wave frequencies to measure the thickness of
Antarctica’s ice sheets.
31．What do the first two pioneers have in common?
A．They analyzed different chemicals of rocks in Antarctica.
B．They both worked with their own team in Antarctica.
C．They conducted the research in the ice-free areas in Antarctica.
D．They joined the Antarctic Club for their stay in Antarctica.
32．Who proved the previous higher temperatures of the Antarctic?
A．Lois M. Jones. B．Ginny Fiennes.
C．Dame Jane Francis. D．Irene Peden.
33．What is the scientific breakthrough of Irene Peden?
A．She was the first American scientist to explore the Antarctic.
B．She measured the spreading frequencies of radio waves.
C．She found out the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets.
D．She discovered a lot of ice-covered lakes in the Antarctic.
B
It was in a brightly-lit room in Mexico City, Mexico, that on June 18, 2014 it was announced that India-
born Dr Sanjaya Rajaram had been named the winner of the World Food Prize.
Dr Rajaram won this award for successfully crossbreeding (杂交) the winter and spring wheat (小麦)
varieties, which have been two distinct and isolated gene pools (分离的基因库) since the beginning of farming.
And because of this breakthrough, the scientist has been able to breed over 480 wheat varieties.
Born in Varanasi in 1943, Dr Rajaram lived with his family off a plot of land growing wheat, rice and
maize. “After my education here in India, I went off to Australia for my PhD and soon I joined CIMMYT (the
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre) in Mexico, where my career as a plant breeder started,” said
Dr Rajaram.
答案第4页，共2页“Every country is unique — there are climate systems, culture, the financial situation and each of the
nations I visited needed a different set of solutions,” said Dr Rajaram. His solutions became part of what is widely
described as the world’s first “wheat network”, a global exchange of “genetic information and innovations among
researchers”. His varieties of wheat were strong in nutrition, delayed (延迟) the attack of some plant diseases and
were able to survive the severest of conditions.
After nearly half a century in the field, Dr Rajaram said his work was still not finished. “In science, you
never stop learning. I have been doing this all my life and I’ve never really had time for anything else. As far as
hobbies go, well, there’s a bit of music I like to listen to and that’s pretty much it. I have been on a long journey of
pushing the boundaries (边界) of what’s possible and today, there’s still work left. Learning must never stop and
the world must not go hungry.”
34．Why was Dr Rajaram awarded the World Food Prize?
A．He improved several wheat varieties genetically.
B．He crossbred the winter and spring wheat varieties.
C．He successfully bred two wheat varieties.
D．He found the difference between the winter and spring wheat varieties.
35．When did Dr Rajaram start to work on plant breeding?
A．During his college years in India.
B．While doing his PhD in Australia.
C．After becoming a member of CIMMYT in Mexico.
D．While living with his family near wheat-growing land.
36．What is one advantage of the wheat varieties developed by Dr Rajaram?
A．They can be planted in any season.
B．They are free from the attack of some pant diseases.
C．They can grow well in terrible environments.
D．They can grow taller than traditional ones.
37．What can we learn about Dr Rajaram from the last paragraph?
A．He was too busy with work to develop any hobby.
B．He wasn’t satisfied with the results of his research.
C．He planned to do research in a new field of science.
D．He made his mind to work on world food problems.
三、完形填空Farms are the biggest users of freshwater resources. The Food and Agriculture Organisation says
agriculture uses seventy percent of all surface water supplies. That is the world 38 . Without the right
measures, agriculture can be a major cause of water pollution.
But solutions do not have to 39 much. There are simple methods for farms of any size to reduce or
40 pollution of water supplies. We are going to talk about a few of them.
The first 41 fertilisers and poisons. One way such chemicals can enter the environment is when
they are not stored correctly. Stored chemicals can slowly 42 the soil and get into groundwater. To help
avoid such problems, chemicals should be kept in structures with a floor made of cement (水泥).
Farm animals can also pollute water supplies. Animals like cattle, pigs, sheep and goats are often left to
43 on grass in open fields by streams or rivers. Large animals loosen dirt and rocks as they walk along
waterways to drink. Animal 44 also enters water supplies. Experts say it is important to keep large farm
animals away from water supplies with the use of a fence or 45 .
Instead of leading animals to water, bring the water to them. Farmers can send water through pipes to
watering areas for their animals with pumps 46 by electricity or fuel. Human-powered treadle pumps are
another solution.
Trees, bushes and smaller plants can act as 47 barriers along streams and rivers. Bushes provide
excellent ground cover 48 grown near waterways. Animals 49 bushes with sharp thorns (尖
刺).
Tree roots provide natural support for soil. Trees planted near waterways help stop soil loss from heavy
rains. They 50 help keep the sun from drying out soil. They hold soil in place during rains and 51
the water flow. These methods will not solve all water quality problems, 52 they are good first steps.
38．A．level B．storage C．average D．problem
39．A．reduce B．take C．matter D．cost
40．A．consider B．create C．prevent D．rescue
41．A．deals with B．takes over C．pays for D．adapts to
42．A．go up B．stretch in C．make for D．leak into
43．A．feed B．go C．endanger D．keep
44．A．fat B．waste C．food D．medicine
45．A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything
46．A．attracted B．used C．made D．powered
答案第6页，共2页47．A．well-equipped B．responsible C．strong D．natural
48．A．when B．unless C．in case D．until
49．A．choose B．protect C．enjoy D．avoid
50．A．easily B．hardly C．also D．either
51．A．destroy B．ease C．speed up D．stop
52．A．though B．but C．so D．therefore
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jia Sixie, author of China’s first agricultural encyclopedia (百科全书), was one of the leading agronomists
(农学家) in Chinese history. In the late years of the Northern Wei Dynasty, he wrote Qimin Yaoshu, the 53
(early) and most complete agricultural encyclopedia still in existence in China.
Jia Sixie was born in Yidu County in Shandong Province. During his childhood, Jia’s family wasn’t
wealthy, but had 54 rich collection of books. This provided the young Jia with an opportunity to read ancient
Chinese literature 55 (wide) on agriculture. He completed Qimin Yaoshu during the wars, when he saw
amounts of 56 (suffer) the poor farmers underwent. 57 he believed deep down was that the development of
agriculture could relieve the shortage of food and thus help those farmers out.
The book, which is comprised of 92 chapters in 10 volumes and nearly 120,000 characters, 58 (cover) a
wide range of topics and records on production experience and methods. It includes advice on farming, fishery
and sideline occupations. In the book, he emphasized the importance of seed breeding 59 (generate) better
varieties.
Qimin Yaoshu was first distributed mainly among common people. In the late Tang Dynasty, the book was
introduced to Japan. So far, the book 60 (translate) into several languages. Qimin Yaoshu is considered 61
an important summary of farming knowledge. At present, it is still studied by Chinese farmers and students 62
(major) in agriculture.
四、书信写作
63．假如你是李华，你校将举办一场英语演讲比赛，请你以The Scientist I Admire Most为主题写一篇演讲
稿。内容包括：
1.对这位科学家的简介；
2.尊敬和爱戴他/她的原因；
3.从他/她身上得到的启示。
注意：
写作词数为 80词左右。___________________________________________________________________________________________
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答案第8页，共2页
