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必修二 Unit 3 The Internet
Part 1 单元语法讲义--现在完成时被动语态
Part 2 读后续写素材--五官表情描写
Part 3 单元语法+读后续写即时检测
Part 1 单元语法讲义--现在完成时被动语态
一．现在完成时的被动语态的构成
肯定句向式：主语＋ have/has been ＋过去分词
否定句向式：主语 + have/has not been ＋ 过去分词
一般疑问句句式：Have/Has ＋ 主语 ＋been ＋过去分词？
特殊疑问向句式：疑问词 ＋have/has ＋ 主语 + been +过去分词？
二．现在完成时的被动语态的用法
从时态角度看，现在完成时的被动语态和主动语态一样，主要用来表达：
①过去动作对现在的影响;②过去动作的持续;③对过去历史的回顾。
1. 表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already,yet, just, never, recently 等副词连用.
The problem has already been solved.
问题已经被解决了。（现在不再有困扰了）
I have been told about that matter.
我已被告知那件事情了。（“我”现在已经知道了）
2. 表示一个被动的动作从过去开始一直持线到现在，并有可能持线下去。常与for 或since 引导的时间状
语连用，或用于“How long..?” 句型中。
Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours.
这家公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时
How long has this book been kept?
这本书已被借了多长时间？
3.用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被
动语态。
Don't drink the water until it has been cooled.
在水凉下来之前不要喝。
You can watch TV as long as your homework has be en finished . 你只要做完了作业就可以看电视。
4. 表示过去的经历。经常与 often, never,ever, only, once, twice, before, since,the first time 等时间状语连用。
Has this kind of work ever been done by Mary?
这种工作玛丽曾经做过吗？
This is the first time Torn has been invited to perform on the stage.这是汤姆第一次被邀请在舞台上表演。
特别注意：
常与现在完成时被动语态连用的时间状语：
already 已经； yet已经； recently/lately 最近；since then从那时起；ever since 自那以來；ever 曾经；for
a longtime 很长一段时间；so far 迄今为止；by now 到现在为止； in recent years 在最近几年里；
in/during/over the past/last few years 在过去的几年里
三 由主动语态到被动语态的转换
1.“主＋动＋宾(S+V+0）”结构的被动语态
“主十动＋宾（S+V+0）”结构在变为被动语态时，原来的宾语变为主语，原来的谓语动词变为“be＋过
去分词”形式，原来的主语在被动句中由 by引导,通常可以省略。
We have built many bridges in the past ten years. 在过去的 10年中，我们建了许多桥梁。
→ Many bridges have been built (by us) in the past ten years.
I met my old friend on the street yesterday.
我昨天在街上碰到了我的老朋友。
→My old friend was met on the street yesterday.
We are looking into the matter. 我们正在调查这件事
→ This matter is being looked into (by us).
2.“主＋动＋间接宾语＋ 直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO）”结构的被动语态
“主十动＋间接宾语＋ 直接宾语(s+V+10+DO）“结构变为被动语态时，可以将两个宾语中的任何个宾语
变为被动向的主语。这个结构的转换分为两种：一种可以转化为带介词to的结构，一种可以转化为带介词
for 的结构。
（1）转化为带介词to的结构
有些带双宾语的动词转换为被动语态时，可以有两种形式，即：可用直拱宾语或何接宾语作主语。可以这
样转化的动词主要有bring.give,band,lend, send,offer, pass,sell, show, tell等 。
We gave him some books. /We gave some books to him.
→He was given some books. /Some books were given to him.
Liza sent me an email. /Liza sent an email to me.
莉莎给我发了一封电子邮件→An email was sent t o me by Liza. /I was sent an email by Liza.
(2) 转化为带介词 for的结构
有些带双宾语的动词转换为被动语态时，通常要用直接宾语作主语，不用间接宾语;一般在间接宾语前用介
词for。可以这样转化的动词主要有 buy, make,ind, get, do,fetch,order, sing 等。
He bought his girlfriend a nice gift. /He bought a nice gift for his girlfriend. 他给女朋友买了一份很棒的礼物。
→A nice gift was bought for his girlfriend (by him)
My mother made me a skirt. /My mother made a skirt for me.
我妈妈给我做了一条裙子。
→ A skirt was made for me by my mother.
3.“主+动＋宾＋宾补(S+V+0+C)”绪构的被动语态
“主＋动＋宾＋宾补(S+V+O+C）“结构转变为被动语态时，应将主动句中的宾语变为主语，宾语补足语
变为主语补足语。带有形式宾语 it 的句子一般把 it变为被动句的主语。
They have made the deserted temple their shelter.
他们把那座荒废的寺庙变成了他们的避难所。
→ The deserted temple has been made their shelter.
那座荒废的寺庙被变成了他们的避难所。
We always keep the classroom clean. 我们总是保持教室清洁。
→ The classroom is always kept clean. 教室总是被保特清洁。
They asked me to help them. 他们叫我帮助他们。
→I was asked to help them. 我被叫去帮助他们了。
We saw them playing football.我们看到他们在踢足球
→They w e re seen playing football. 他们被人看见在踢足球。
We consider it wrong to shout at children who make mistakes.
我们认为训斥犯了错误的孩子是不对的。
→ It is considered wrong to shout at children who make mistakes.
训斥犯了错误的孩子被认为是不对的。
重要提示：
1.在 see, hear, listen to, look at, feel 等感官动词（词组)后，作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to，但变成
被动语态后要加上to。
We often hear Lily sing. 我们经常听到莉莉唱歌。
→Lily is often heard to sing. 经常有人听到莉莉唱歌。2.make sb.do sth. 等不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的结构变为被动时也要加上to。
You don't have to make Peter work hard.
彼得没必要被逼迫努力学习。
特别提醒:
watch 和notice 这两个动词，不定式作宾补可以有主动语态：watch/notice sb. do sth.，但没有被动语态，
不可以说：He was watched/noticed to go out of the office.。 此外have 也是如此，我们可以说：have sb.do
sth.，不可以说：He was had to do the job at once..
你没有必要逼迫彼得努力学习。
→Peter doesn't have to be made to work hard.
彼得没必要被逼迫努力学习。
Part 2 读后续写素材--五官表情描写
1.有关head的表情描写
drop/lower/bend/bow one’s head 低下头
nod one’s head 低头
shake one’s head 摇头
scratch one’s head 挠头 scratch [skræt] 抓；挠
rest one’s head on 把头靠在...上面
bury one’s head 把头埋起来
clear one’s head 清醒一下头脑
feel one’s head spinning 觉得天旋地转 spin [spin] 旋转;眩晕
Head for/towards 朝...走去
翻译小练习：
1.他羞愧地低下了头。
2.他们点头同意。
3.她怀疑地摇摇头。
4.他挠了挠头，一个字也听不懂。
5.她用枕头捂住脑袋。
6.她将头靠在他的肩膀上。
7.我决定去走走，清醒一下头脑。
8.他只喝了一杯就觉得天旋地转。
9.他转身朝门口走去。
参考答案：1. He dropped/lowered/bent/bowed his head in shame.
2. They nodded their heads in agreement.
3. She shook her head in disbelief.
4. He scratched his head, not understanding a word.
5. She buried her head in the pillow.
6. She rested her head on his shoulder.
7. I decided to go for a walk to clear my head.
8. He could feel his head spinning after only one drink.
9. He turned and headed for the door.
2.有关face的表情描写
a bright smile 灿烂的笑容
one’s face brightened 某人的脸上焕发出了光彩
one’s face grow serious表情变得严肃
one’s face looked a little confused 某人看起来有点因惑
one's face flushed/burned with embarrassment. 某人的脸窘得满脸通红
one’s face paled with fright 某人的脸吓得都白了
had a slight frown on one’s face 某人愁眉不展的样子
翻译小练习：
1.他的脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。
2.我给她礼物时，他的脸上焕发出了光彩。
3.他的表情突然严肃起来。
4.他看起来有点因惑。
5.杰克窘得满脸通红。flush [flʌʃ] 脸红
6.她吓得脸都白了。
7.他的脸上现出有点儿愁眉不展的样子。
参考答案：
1. A bright smile appeared on his face.
2. Her face lit up/brightened/glowed when I gave her the present.
3. His face suddenly grew serious.
4. His face looked a little confused.
5. Jack's face flushed/burned with embarrassment.6. Her face paled with fright.
7. He had a slight frown on his face.
3.有关cheek的表情描写
one’s cheeks burning with shame 某人因为羞愧而感到脸颊发烧
one’s cheeks are wet with tears 某人泪流满面
color rushed/flooded to one’s cheeks 某人涨红了脸
a tear slid down one’s cheek 一滴泪顺着某人的脸颊滑落下来
kissed sb on both cheeks 亲了某人的脸颊
翻译小练习:
1.他因为羞愧而感到脸颊发烧。
2.她泪流满面。
3.意识到有人在看她，她顿时涨红了脸。
4.一滴泪顺着她的脸颊滑落下来。
5.他亲了亲她的脸颊，然后上了火车。
参考答案：
1. He felt his cheeks burning with shame.
2. Her cheeks were wet with tears.
3. Color rushed/flooded to her cheeks when she realized she was being watched.
4. A tear slid down her cheek.
5. He kissed her on both cheeks and got on the train.
4.有关eye的表情描写
one’s eyes are wide with horror 某人惊恐地瞪大了眼睛
one’s eyes shine with excitement 某人眼里闪烁着兴奋的光芒
one’s eyes filled with tears 某人的眼里充满泪水
one’s eyes fall on someplace 某人的目光落在..
look at sb straight in the eye 直视某人的眼睛
one’s eyes fix on ...... 某人的目光紧盯着......
one’s eyes scan ...... 某人的眼睛扫视......
one’s eyes dropped to ...... 某人垂下眼睛看着......
翻译小练习:
1.他惊恐地瞪大了眼睛。2.她笑了，眼里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
3.她的眼里充满泪水。
4.那条狗饥饿的目光落在我的三明治。fall on/land on...(目光) 落在...
5.她直视父亲的眼睛，诚实地回答了他的问题。
6.他似乎不愿意与我的目光接触。
7.她试图坐起来，目光紧盯着琼的脸。
8.他一刻不停地盯着我。
9.他进屋时眼睛扫视了整个房间。
10.他回答时垂下眼睛看着膝盖。
参考答案：
1. His eyes were wide with horror.
2. She laughed, her eyes shining with excitement.
3. Her eyes filled with tears.
4. The dog's hungry eyes fell on my sandwich.
5. She looked at her father straight in the eye and answered his question truthfully.
6. He seemed unwilling to meet my eyes.
7. She tried to sit up, her eyes fixed on Jean's face.
8. His eyes never left mine.
9. His eyes scanned the room as he entered.
10. His eyes dropped to her lap as she answered.
5.有关mouth的表情描写
关于嘴的动作有：
open one’s mouth 张开嘴
hide one’s yawn 打哈欠
cup one’s mouth 扣住某人的嘴
stuff one’s mouth with something 用......填满嘴巴
形容嘴的状态：
drop open in surprise惊奇地张大了嘴
start watering 开始流口水
heart be in one’s mouth紧张得心都到了喉咙眼
翻译小练习：1.她张开嘴要说什么,最后什么也没说。
2.他捂住嘴偷偷打了个哈欠。
3.我们惊奇地张大了嘴。
4.闻到食物的香味，我开始流口水了。
5.突然一只手扣住了她的嘴。
6.他的嘴上挂着一丝笑意。
7.他开始往嘴里塞意大利面。stuff [stf] 塞满;填塞
8.他直起身，目瞪口呆地看着我。
9.我走进她的办公室时，紧张得心都到了喉咙眼。
参考答案：
1.She opened her mouth to say something，but nothing.
2. He covered his mouth to hide his yawn.
3. Our mouths dropped open in surprise.
4. My mouth started watering when I smelled the food.
5. Suddenly a hand cupped her mouth.
6. A smile played around his mouth.
7. He began to stuff his mouth with pasta.
8. He straightened up and looked at me, open-mouthed.
9. My heart was in my mouth when I walked into her office.
Part 3 单元语法+读后续写即时检测
一、单句语法填空
1．（2024 高三·北京·专题练习）In the experiment, the-researchers first /measured how many tears
(produce) by dogs when they were just spending time at home with their owners.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】were produced
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：在实验中，研究人员首先测量了狗狗在家里和主人在一起的时候会流出多
少眼泪。根据“they were”可知，主句为一般过去时，主语tears与谓语produce为被动关系。故填were
produced。
2．（2024高三·北京·专题练习）The American superstar (spot) with a young physically-challenged
Qatari boy, Al Muftah. The boy was born with a rare condition known as CRS.
【答案】was spotted
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：这这位美国巨星被拍到与一名年轻的卡塔尔残疾男孩Al Muftah在一起。这名男孩出生时患有一种罕见的CRS。分析句子可知，spot作谓语，与主语superstar是被动关系，且主语
是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，讲述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故填was spotted。
3．（2024高三·北京·专题练习）WED (create) in 1972 by the United Nations General Assembly. The
environment wasn’t such a big issue back then.
【答案】was created
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：世界环境日由联合国大会于1972年创立。根据时间状语in 1972可知，用
一般过去时。主语WED是单数，与create之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was created。
4．（23-24高三下·广东广州·开学考试）Lead researcher Professor Hadany said, “Each plant and each type of
stress (link) to a special sound.”
【答案】is linked
【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：首席研究员哈达尼教授说：“每种植物和每种压
力都与一种特殊的声音有关。”each...and each...作主语，谓语应用单数形式。此处描述客观事实，所以应
用一般现在时。be linked to意为“和……有关”，为被动语态。故填is linked。
5．（23-24高三上·新疆伊犁·开学考试）He (appoint) as headmaster and wanted to tell his
girlfriend the good news.
【答案】was appointed
【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：他被任命为校长，想告诉他的女朋友这个好消息。分析
句子结构和意思可知，填动词appoint作谓语，和主语He是动宾关系，根据句意和下文的wanted可知，用
一般过去时的被动语态。故填was appointed。
6．（23-24高三上·甘肃·阶段练习）Every year in September or October, the MidAutumn Festival
(celebrate) by the Chinese people all over the world.
【答案】is celebrated
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：每年的九月或十月，世界各地的华人都庆祝中秋节。此处在句中作谓语，
句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语the MidAutumn Festival和动词celebrate是被动关系，应用一
般现在时的被动语态，主语是the MidAutumn Festival，be动词应用is，故填is celebrated。
7．（23-24高三上·河北·期末）Over 3,000 lives were (claim) in the 1960 San Francisco
earthquake and the series of fires that occurred after it.
【答案】claimed
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：1960年的旧金山地震和随后发生的一系列火灾夺去了3000多人的生
命。主语Over 3,000 lives和claim为被动关系，需用被动语态，结合“were”可知，此处为一般过去时的被动语态，空处需填过去分词claimed。故填claimed。
8．（23-24高三上·陕西西安·阶段练习）His application (accept) depending on his previous work
experience and qualifications.
【答案】was accepted
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：根据他以前的工作资历，他的申请被接受了。分析句子结构可知，空处缺
谓语动词，根据句意可知，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，主语“His application”和“accept”之间是被动
关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was accepted。
9．（23-24高三上·陕西西安·阶段练习）Your application shall (submit) early because universities
begin work as soon as forms start rolling in.
【答案】be submitted
【详解】考查语态。句意：你的申请应该尽早提交，因为一旦表格开始涌入，大学就会开始工作。此处主
语与谓语构成被动关系，且shall后跟动词原形。故填be submitted。
10．（23-24高三上·福建厦门·阶段练习）The teacher told her that she should be aware school life
consists of not only sunshine but also hard times and that education shouldn’t (measure) only by
examination results.
【答案】 that be measured
【详解】考查宾语从句和被动语态。句意：老师告诉她，她应该意识到学校生活不仅有阳光，也有艰难的
时期，教育不应该只以考试成绩来衡量。分析句子可知，第一空考查宾语从句，且后面为完整句子，所以
应用连词that引导该从句；第二空考查谓语动词，主语education和谓语动词measure之间为被动关系，且
情态动词后应填动词原形。故填that；be measured。
11．（2022高三·全国·专题练习）The museum is in the southwest of the city and you can find its
easily on the map. (locate)
【答案】 located location
【详解】考查固定短语和名词。句意：博物馆位于城市的西南部，你可以很容易地在地图上找到它的位置。
be located in意为“坐落在”，所以第一个空应用located。空处应用名词，作find的宾语，location意为
“地点，方位”，为可数名词，且空前有its，这里指博物馆的地点，应用名词单数。故填located；
location。
12．（2022高三·全国·专题练习）Entering a supermarket, I was warmly by the greengrocer. His
cherry made me feel at home．(greet)
【答案】 greeted greeting【详解】考查动词语态和名词。句意：走进一家超市，我受到蔬菜水果商的热情欢迎。他亲切的问候使我
有宾至如归的感觉。分析句子可知，空①是谓语，用动词greet“欢迎”，与主语I是被动关系，空前有
was，故填过去分词greeted构成一般过去时的被动语态，空②是主语，用名词greeting“欢迎”，表示“他
的问候”，用单数，故填greeting，故答案为①greeted②greeting。
13．（2022高三·全国·专题练习）Dr. Yuan Longping was (regard) as a great agricultural scientist
because his contribution to farming is considered to be (reward).
【答案】 regarded rewarding
【详解】考查短语和形容词。句意：袁隆平博士被认为是一位伟大的农业科学家，因为他对农业的贡献被
认为是有意义的。第一空，主语Dr. Yuan Longping和regard是被动关系，应填过去分词和was构成被动语
态，be regarded as意思为：被认为；第二空，放在be动词后用形容词作表语，reward对应的形容词为
rewarding。故填①regarded；②rewarding。
14．（23-24高三上·江苏扬州·阶段练习）Carson proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down
through the ages can still (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
【答案】be employed
【详解】考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的文字形式已经流传了几个世纪，今天仍然可以用来引起
人们对重要真理的注意。此处主语a simple literal form与谓语动词employ构成被动关系，且情态动词can
后跟动词原形，情态动词的被动语态（can be done）。故填be employed。
15．（19-20高一下·黑龙江七台河·期末）Large quantities of food (send) to the countries struck by the
earthquake so far.
【答案】have been sent
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，已经向地震灾区运送了大量食品。时间状语so
far常和现在完成时连用；动词send和句子主语large quantities of food之间为被动关系，因此用现在完成时
的被动语态，“large quantities of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。故填have been sent。
16．（23-24高三上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）Death can occur from overdoses and diseases such as AIDS can
(acquire) from sharing needles.
【答案】be acquired
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：过量用药可能导致死亡，共用针头可能导致艾滋病等疾病。分析句子结构
和意思可知，动词acquire和主语diseases是动宾关系，所以用被动语态结构，空格前面是情态动词can，
后面be用动词原形。故填be acquired。
17．（23-24高三上·河北衡水·期中）Over 3,000 lives (claim) in the 1906 San Francisco earthquakeand the series of fires that occurred after it.
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：1906年的旧金山地震和随后发生的一系列火灾夺去了3000多人的生命。
设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语“in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake
(在1906年的旧金山地震中)”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时，Over 3,000 lives与claim为被动关系，设空
处为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为over 3,000 lives，be动词用were。故填were claimed。
18．（23-24高三上·河北沧州·期中）A methane molecule is (compose) of one carbon atom
attached to four hydrogens.
【答案】composed
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：甲烷分子是由一个碳原子和四个氢原子组成的。句中be composed of为固
定短语，意为“由……组成”，设空处应用过去分词，与空前is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填
composed。
19．（23-24高三上·广东湛江·阶段练习）Children should (expose) to as much traditional culture
as possible.
【答案】be exposed
【详解】考查情态动词和语态。句意：儿童应尽可能多地接触传统文化。结合句意可知，主语Children和
动词expose“使暴露”为被动关系，故用过去分词exposed，且空前为情态动词should，故填be exposed。
20．（23-24高三上·黑龙江大庆·期中）Thanks to the new technology, costs (reduce) by 30% over
the past year.
【答案】have been reduced
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：多亏了新科技，在过去的一年里，花销减少了30%。根据句子分析可知，
空处作谓语，主语为costs，为复数，与reduce之间为被动关系，且根据时间状语over the past year可知，
此处应用现在完成时的被动语态，故填have been reduced。
21．（23-24高三上·陕西西安·阶段练习）While I admit that there are problems, I don’t agree that they cannot
(solve).
【答案】be solved
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：虽然我承认存在问题，但我不同意它们无法解决。they指代的是
problems，是被解决，因此句子用被动语态，空前的cannot是情态动词，其后跟be done，因此填be
solved。故填be solved。
22．（23-24高三上·陕西西安·阶段练习）Mr Lee (reward) with a smartphone for his hard work in the
company.【答案】was rewarded
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：李先生因为在公司的努力工作，而被奖励一部智能手机。根据句意可知，
空处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。动词reward与主语Mr Lee之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。
主谓一致，故填was rewarded。
23．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）To promote various applications of Dunhuang art patterns in daily life design
and achieve the development of cultural heritage represented by Dunhuang art patterns, the Chang Shana Design
Award in 2021 (announce) on January 21.
【答案】was announced
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：为推动敦煌艺术图案在日常生活设计中的各种应用，实现以敦煌艺术
图案为代表的文化遗产的发展，1月21日，“2021年常莎娜设计奖”正式颁发。根据后文“on January 21”
可知用一般过去时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was announced。
24．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Coral reefs (find) in the tropical areas of the world, but they can
also exist in colder water.
【答案】are found
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：珊瑚礁在世界的热带地区被发现，但它们也可以存在于较冷的水域。分析
句子结构可知，该空是句子谓语。结合句意和can可知，本句讲的是一般事实，故句子用一般现在时，主
语Coral reefs是复数，且与find(发现)是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故答案为are found。
25．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）In 2008, a total of 46 Fujiantulou sites (list) as World Heritage
Site by UNESCO.
【答案】were listed
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2008年，共有46处福建土楼遗址被联合国教科文组织列为世
界遗产。时间状语In 2008表明事情发生在过去，46 Fujiantulou sites与list“把……列入名单”之间是被动关
系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，谓语动词也用复数形式。故填were listed。
26．（23-24高三下·全国·课后作业）To our shock, the young girl struggled (support) a
large family last year, which (appreciate) by her family members.
【答案】 to support was appreciated
【详解】考查不定式，时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：令我们震惊的是，这个小女孩去年努力养活一
个大家庭，这得到了她的家人的赞赏。struggle to do是固定短语，意为“努力做某事”，因此第一空用不
定式to support。由by可知，第二空用被动语态，which指代的是前面主句所讲述的“这个小女孩去年努力
养活一个大家庭”这件事，这是被她家人赞赏，且由struggled可知，时态是一般过去时，因此第二空用一般过去时的被动语态，主语which指代的是前面整个主句，是单数概念，因此第二空是was appreciated。
故填to support，was appreciated。
27．（23-24高三下·全国·课后作业）Though (major) in engineering, the lady made every
effort to learn calligraphy which (regard) as an art form.
【答案】 majoring is regarded
【详解】考查时态，主谓一致，省略，固定短语和被动语态。句意：虽然学的是工程专业，但这位女士还
是努力学习被视为一种艺术形式的书法。though引导的让步状语从句意为“虽然她正在学的是工程专业”，
由made可知，从句时态是过去进行时，主语she是单数，因此though引导的从句是though she was
majoring in engineering，状语从句中主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和
be动词，因此第一空是majoring；书法被认为是一种艺术形式，“被认为”是be regarded as，“书法被认
为是一种艺术形式”是一种客观事实，时态用一般现在时，which指代的是先行词calligraphy，是单数，因
此第二空是is regarded。故填majoring，is regarded。
28．（23-24高三下·全国·课后作业）Up to now food and water (deliver) to the disaster-
stricken area, where many people (survive) the disaster are in urgent need of help.
【答案】 have been delivered surviving
【详解】考查动词语态、非谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，食物和水已经送到了受灾地区，那里的许多幸
存者迫切需要帮助。①处为主句谓语，由Up to now可知，句子用现在完成时，主语food and water与
deliver“递送，运载”为被动关系，句子用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数，助动词用have。where引
导的定语从句的系动词为are，②处为非谓语动词，且people与survive“幸存”为主动关系，应用现在分词，
作定语，修饰people。故填①have been delivered ②surviving。
29．（23-24高三下·全国·课后作业）Two fifths of the buildings (destroy) in the earthquake
last weekend, (leave) the whole world shocked.
【答案】 were destroyed leaving
【详解】考查时态语态和非谓语。句意：五分之二的建筑在上周末的地震中被毁，全世界都震惊了。分析
句子可知，第一空考查谓语动词，主语Two fifths of the buildings，为复数，与destroy为被动关系，再由
last weekend可知，这里应用一般过去时的被动语态；第二空考查非谓语，前面句子和leave为主动关系，
再由句意可知，这里应用现在分词作状语。故填were destroyed；leaving。
30．（23-24高三下·全国·课后作业）We're overwhelmed with excitement at the knowledge that an oral English
class will (arrange) for us.
【答案】be arranged【详解】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：我们得知将为我们安排一节英语口语课，兴奋不已。动词
arrange意为“安排”，和主语构成被动关系，在情态动词will后动词应用原形。故填be arranged。
二、书面表达
（2024·重庆·三模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As I unzipped my lunchbox, the whole place was turned into a spicy curry (咖喱) dream. I immediately hid
it under my seat, hoping no one would take notice.
Mom had really outdone herself with masala — our family’s all-time favorite dish back in India. But today, it
wasn’t just about me and my lunch. A warm smile on his face, Ricky invited me, a new transfer student from India
to New York city, for lunch.
“Ava, come sit here!” Ricky called out, gesturing towards a vacant seat.
As I made my way over, memories of those awkward lunchtimes when I studied in Kansas, one of the most
conservative states, flooded back. I could still recall how everyone would wrinkle their noses and stare curiously
when I unpacked my Indian food. It always made me feel like an outsider, like I didn’t belong.
Therefore, before my first day in this school, I had demanded my mom pack “normal” western-style food for
me. I still remembered the look on her face upon hearing it, as she signed in disappointment and confusion, “Isn’t
there a moment when you feel proud of your origin?” That was hurting, but not more hurting than others’ giggles
and whispers. Honestly, long queues were common in Indian restaurants in New York city, a cultural melting pot,
but I wouldn’t take that risk.
Unfortunately, this morning, Mom had forgotten to make sandwich or any “normal” food, so I had to bring
leftovers from our dinner. At the thought of the possible oh-no-second (社死), I felt like being thrown into
darkness.
However, before I came back to reality, Ricky noticed my sneaking (躲躲藏藏). “What do you have for
lunch?” he asked, his eyes twinkling with interest. I tried to brush it off (搪塞), claiming I wasn’t hungry. But
Ricky wouldn’t let it go, and before I could protest, he had the lid of my lunchbox open and I prepared myself for
such familiar responses as “Ew” or “What is that?”
注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
However, I did not get what I was expecting.
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After school, I found Mom preparing sandwich for tomorrow’s lunch.
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【答案】However, I did not get what I was expecting. Ricky took a deep breath, closed his eyes, and savored the
aroma of the masala. Instead of the usual stares and whispers, there was only interest on Ricky’s face. His face lit
up with a broad smile, asking, “You mum made masala for your lunch?” Before I could make a response, he added:
“I could be dying of envy! You know what, last Sunday, my parents and I queued up for three hours in harsh cold in
fifth Avenue for the new India restaurant.” He enjoyed every bite, nodding his head in approval. It was a welcome
change from the stares and whispers I had grown accustomed to.
After school, I found Mom preparing sandwich for tomorrow’s lunch. I came over and asked if I could have
palak paneer in my lunchbox, which made her a bit confused. Finally, I told her about my experience with Ricky
and how he had enjoyed my food. Mom’s face lit up with joy. “I’m glad he liked it,” she said. “And I’m even
happier that you’re starting to feel proud of your roots again.” She paused and looked at me seriously. “Your
culture, your traditions, and your food are all a part of who you are.” I nodded, feeling a sense of relief wash over
me. Mom’s words had given me the courage to embrace my identity and share my culture with others.
【导语】本文以午餐为线索展开，讲述了作者从印度转学到纽约，作为午餐，妈妈准备了他们家在印度一
直以来最喜欢的菜——玛莎拉，但和其他同学的西餐不一样，其他同学感到很奇怪，作者感到自己被孤立
了，所以要求妈妈为自己做西餐。结果一天妈妈忘记了做西餐，又做了玛莎拉，作者怕被其他同学看到，
把午餐藏了起来。然而被同学Ricky发现了，Ricky打开了作者午餐盒的盖子，作者原想Ricky可能又是一
番讨厌，结果这饭菜却是Ricky感兴趣，爱吃的，作者很高兴自己的饮食文化被同学认同，不再为自己的
饭菜而尴尬了。
【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“然而，我没有得到我所预料的。”可知，第一段可描写Ricky的表现和作者的预料
完全不同，他对玛莎拉很感兴趣。
②由第二段首句内容“放学后，我发现妈妈正在为明天的午餐准备三明治。”可知，第二段可描写作者告
诉妈妈自己的饭菜得到同学的认同，妈妈非常高兴。
2.续写线索：感兴趣——询问——喜欢吃——告知妈妈——高兴——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①. 询问：ask/question
②. 告知：tell/inform
情绪类
①. 兴趣：interest/taste
②. 高兴：happy/pleased/delighted
【点睛】[高分句型1]. His face lit up with a broad smile, asking, “You mum made masala for your lunch?”(由非
谓语动词现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]. I came over and asked if I could have palak paneer in my lunchbox, which made her a bit confused.
(由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句)
