文档内容
必修二 Unit 5 Music
Part 1 单元语法讲义--过去分词作表语和状语
Part 2 读后续写素材--八大自然现象描写
Part 3 单元语法+读后续写即时检测
Part 1 单元语法讲义--过去分词作表语和状语
一、过去分词作表语
The cup is broken. (表被动，完成)
He is retired. (完成)
注意 过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别。
The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. (被动语态，表示动作)
The library is now closed. (过去分词作表语)
过去分词做形容词表示“感到……”之意
be amazed （at）感到惊异 be amused （at）感到好笑
be annoyed （at）感到烦恼 be bored （with）感到厌烦
be convinced （of）感到信服 be disappointed （at）感到失望
be discouraged （in）感到沮丧 be embarrassed （in）感到为难
be encouraged （in）感到鼓舞 be excited （at）感到激动
be frightened （of）感到害怕 be horrified （with）感到恐惧
be moved （at）深为感动 be pleased （about）感到愉悦
be puzzled （about）感到困惑 be satisfied （with）感到满意
be shocked （about）感到震惊 be surprised （at）感到惊奇
be tired （of）感到厌烦
【提示】
①现在分词作表语，意为“令人……，使人……”，主动意味。
Our trip was disappointing.我们的这次旅行让人失望。
②过去分词作表语，意为“感到……”，被动意味。
We were disappointed at our trip.我们对这次旅行感到失望。
注意：过去分词作表语与v-ing形式作表语的区别。interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten等通常用其过去
分词来修饰人，用v-ing形式来修饰物。
The book is interesting and I’m interested in it.We are excited at the news.
四、过去分词作表语
1) 过去分词作表语，总是位于系动词的后面，表语即说明主语的状态或特征。
如：They looked disappointed（失望的）.
She was astonished（惊讶的） to hear what had happened.
常见的系动词有：
1.状态系动词：be 动词;
2.感官系动词：look/ feel/ smell/ taste/ sound等；
3.变化系动词：get/ become/ turn/ grow/ fall/ grow等
4.持续系动词：remain/ stay/ keep（仍然）
5.表象系动词：seem/appear（似乎，好像）
6.终止系动词：prove/ turn out(结果是，证明是)
1. She was excited to hear the good news.
2. I felt surprised at his behavior.
3. The passengers should be seated as the plane is making a landing.
2）过去分词作表语一般用来表示感受或状态。此时的过去分词作表语相当于一个形容词。
(1) 表感受的过去分词常有：disappointed/excited/frightened/surprised/delighted/encouraged/interested/
puzzled/worried/pleased…
(2) 表状态类的过去分词常有:dressed (打扮好的), lost (迷路的), drunk (喝醉的), seated (就坐的), absorbed(全
神贯注的), devoted (忠诚的)
3）过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别?
1. The story is interesting.
2. I am interested in this story.
现在分词做表语修饰物, 翻译成“令人……的”；
过去分词做表语修饰人, 翻译成“感到……的”。
二、过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式和结果，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为
主句主语，且与主句主语构成被动关系。
1. 作时间状语
相当于时间状语从句；可在过去分词前加上连词“when, while, until” 等，使其时间意义更明确。
Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. 从山上看，这个公园非常美丽。
(=When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.)
2. 作原因状语相当于原因状语从句或并列结构从句。
Touched by his teacher’s words, the boy cried. 这个男孩被老师的话打动了，所以他哭了。
(=The boy was touched by his teacher’s words, so he cried.)
3. 作条件状语
相当于条件状语从句；可加连词if, unless等转换成条件状语从句。
Given more time, we could do it much better. 多给我们点时间，我们会做得更好。
(=If we were given more time, we could do it much better.)
4. 作让步状语
相当于让步状语从句；有时可加although, though, even if, even though, whether…or…等连词转换成让步
状语从句。
Warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields. 尽管农民们已被告知将有暴风雨，但
他们仍然在地里干活。
(= Though they had been warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields.)
5. 作方式伴随状语
加and 可转换成并列结构从句。
The teacher entered the classroom, followed by a group of his students.老师走进教室, 后面跟着一群学
生。
(=The teacher entered the classroom and he was followed by a group of his students.)
分词作状语记忆口诀：
分词作状语，主语是问题。
逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。
主语找出后，再来判关系。
主动用-ing，被动用-ed，
Having done 表先后，千万要牢记。
现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别
1)现在分词作状语，句子的主语是现在分词的动作的执行者，而过去分词作状语，句子的主语是分词的动
作承受者。
Seeing the new bike, he jumped with joy. 看见了新自行车，他高兴地跳了起来。(he做了see这个动作)
Seen from here，the picture appears beautiful indeed. 在这里看，这张画确实很美丽。(画是被看的)
2)从时间上看。过去分词可以表示完成或模糊的时间概念，而与现在分词的一-般式表示与主语动词同时或
几乎同时发生，现在分词的完成式表示先于谓语动词发生。
Arriving there, they found the boy ill. 他们到那时发现男孩病了。(arriving与found同时发生)
Hearing the noise outside, he rushed out.听到外面的吵闹声，他冲了出去。(hear和rush几乎同时发生)
Having finished his homework, he went out. 做完了作业，他出去了。(finish先于went)
Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks small. 从山顶上看，城市看上去很小。
(seen不表示完成，也不强调正在进行，只表示被动)
Explained many times (= Having been explained many times) ，he understood what to do in the end.给他解释了好多次了，他终于知道该做什么了。
(Explain与句子的主语是被动的，而且在谓语动作understood之前完成，可以用过去分词表示，相当于现
在分词的完成式的被动形式，但是后者Having been explained更强调已经完成。)
Part 2 读后续写素材积累与练习
一、花香鸟语
【必背金句】
1..Flowers are waving in the breeze of the early spring.花儿在早春的微风中摇曳。
2.The sweet song of birds made me spellbound.我沉浸在小鸟悦耳的歌声中。
3.The fragrant flowers attracted lots of butterflies, lingering(萦绕)around them.
鲜花的香味引来了很多蝴蝶，它们围着花朵。
4.The new spring grass shot up as time itself had sped up.随着时间的脚步加快，新的春草拔地而起。
4.The birds busy themselves around me, not caring that I’m there.鸟儿们在我周围忙碌着，并不介意我在哪里。
6.They heard the twitter/chatter of birds among the bushes.
他们听到树丛中鸟儿发出的唧唧喳喳声。
7.Birds were chattering/twittering somewhere.鸟儿在某处唧唧喳喳地叫着。
8.On a quite morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers
while birds greet the new day with their morning song.
山中宁静的清晨，感受阳光洒在你的身上，呼吸鲜花的芳香，聆听鸟儿们用它们的歌声迎接新的一天。
二、雷电描写
【名词】
lightning闪电
thunder雷
【动词】
crash发出巨响
boom/rumble 轰鸣
【词组】
a flash of lightening 一道闪电
aloud crash of thunder 一声巨雷
break out爆发
in a flash 一刹那间
flash across 一闪而过
【必背金句】1.Thunder crashed in the sky.雷在空中发出巨响。
2.The thunder was rumbling in the distance.远处雷声隆降
3.An ash of lightning flashed across the sky.一道闪电划过天空。
4.Outside, thunder boomed and crashed.外面雷声隆降，发出巨响。
5.Thunder boomed in the sky overhead, 雷声在头顶上的天空中隆隆作响。
6.The weather in summer is unpredictable.Just now it was sunny.In a flash, lightning and thunder broke out, and the
storm began to rain.
夏天的天气真是变幻莫测。刚才还是晴空万里，一霎时就电闪雷鸣，开始了狂风暴雨。
7.Thunder rumbled in the mountains all around and rain began to fall in heavy drops.
山里雷声隆隆雨点开始大颗大颗地往下落。
8.After a loud crash of thunder, it rained furiously.一声巨雷过后，大雨倾盆而下。
三、云描写
【动词】
part散开 drift飘移 spread扩散
【形容词】
cloudy多云的
overcast 阴沉沉的
【词组】
be full of dark clouds 布满乌云
dark masses of clouds 层层乌云
clear away 散去
drift across 飘过
break sth.up 使散开
【必背金句】
1.The sky is overcast, darkened with gloomy clouds.天空阴沉，乌云密布。
2.The sky was a curdled gray burdened with lumps of clouds.填空是浓浓的灰色，伴着拥挤的朵朵云彩。
3.As the night advanced, the clouds closed in and densely overspread the whole sky.
夜色渐深，乌云密布，笼罩了整个天空。
4.The clouds had spread and nearly covered the entire sky.云层散开，几乎遮住了整个天空。
5.The sky was full of dark masses of clouds.天空中乌云密布。
6.By afternoon, the clouds have cleared away.到了下午，云已经散去。7.The sky was overcast, darkened with gloomy clouds, and the whole world seemed to be enveloped in a huge gray
quilt.
天阴沉沉的，乌云密布，整个世界仿佛都被笼罩在一张巨大的灰色被子里。
四、太阳描写
【动词】
melt 融化
heat 变热
burn 燃烧
rise 升起
set 落下
【形容词】
hot炎热的
burning 炽热的
sweltering 闷热的
【词组】
clear up 放晴
sweat like a pig 汗流浃背
thick air 闷塞的空气
【必背金句】
1.The weather was so hot that there was no wind, and the thick air seemed to be frozen.
天气热得雪命,一丝风也没有，闷塞的空气好像凝住了。
2.This weather is terrible.I am sweating like a pig, although I'm not doing anything.
天热得吓人，虽然我什么都没做，但还是汗流浃背。
3.In this heat, even the trees appeared defeated, with leaves drooping lifelessly.
在这种炎热的天气里、连树木都显得萎靡不振,树叶都毫无生气地垂落着。
4.The sun was at its highest.The heat beat down on my head as if I was bacon under the grill.
太阳处于最高点,热浪击打在头上，我好像烤架下的培根一样。
5.The water was deep blue and the sunlight glittered on its glass-clear surface.
湖水深蓝，阳光在风平浪静的湖面上熠熠生辉。
6.The beach is bathed in the amber-like sunshine.海滩沐浴在琥珀色的阳光中。
五、雾描写【名词】
fog雾
mist 薄雾
【动词】
obscure使模糊
melt消散
envelop/encompass 笼罩
【形容词】
foggy有雾的
misty薄雾笼罩的
shadowy朦胧的
【词组】
a blanket of fog厚厚的一层雾
heavy/dense fog 浓雾
at hick blanket of fog大雾
cast a net over 在……撒下一张网
【必背金句】
1.The fog finally lifted.雾终于散了。
2.The view was obscured by fog.雾中景色朦胧。
3.The hills were enveloped in dense fog.群山被浓雾笼罩着。
4.The morning fog blocked our view.清晨的雾挡住了我们的视线。
5.The fog soon encompassed the whole valley.雾很快笼罩了整个山谷。
6.The town was covered in a thick blanket of fog.大雾笼罩着这个城镇。
7.The heavy fog seemed to be casting a net over me.浓雾似乎在我身上撒下了一张网。
六、雪描写
【名词】
snow雪
blizzard雪暴
snowstorm暴风雪
snowflake雪花
【动词】dance跳舞
fall/drift飘落
blanket以厚层覆盖
crunch嘎吱响
weigh 重压
【形容词】
snowy 多雪的
frosty 霜冻的
feathery 羽毛似的
pure 纯的
【词组】
be struck by heavy snow被暴雪袭击
be covered with thick snow 被厚厚的积雪覆盖
feathery snowflakes 羽毛般的雪花
dance in the night air 在夜空中飞舞
drift down 飘落
melt away 融化
frozen snow 冻雪
be buried in the snow深埋在雪中
【必背金句】
1.The mountain top was covered with snow.山顶被积雪覆盖。
2.Then the snow slowly melts away.然后雪慢慢地融化了。
3 .The frozen snow crunched under our feet.冻结的雪在我们的脚下嘎吱作响。
4.Snow blanketed every rooftop and weighed on the branches of old trees.
雪覆盖了每一个屋顶,压在老树的枝丫上。
5.The countryside was transformed into a huge white plain by the snow.It's dark now and the snow is falling,clumps
of wet flakes drifting down.
乡村被雪变成了一片巨大的白色平原。现在天黑了，雪还在下，一片片湿漉漉的雪花飘落下来。
6.The feathery snowflakes danced in the night air, making a beautiful picture.
鹅毛般的雪花在夜空中飞舞，像一幅美丽的画。
7.It was a chilly winter night, the moon shining brightly and the snow blanketing the ground.那是一个寒冷的冬夜,月光皎洁,白雪覆盖着大地。
8.Soon the tiny flakes floated softly down, like flocks of little white birds.
很快，细小的雪花像成群的小白鸟一样轻轻飘落下来。
七、雨的描写
【名词】
rain 雨
drizzle 毛毛细雨
shower阵雨
downpour倾盆大雨
【动词】
fall 落下
drum 不停地敲打
stop 停止
quiet 使安静
【形容词】
stormy暴风雨的
rainy多雨的
torrential倾泻的
fine纤细的
icy/freezing冰冷的
dreadful可怕的
【词组】
beat/flap against拍打
pour down倾盆而下
a heavy downpour 大暴雨
light rain 小雨
a rainy season多雨的季节
a stormy night暴风雨之夜
fierce/heave/violent storms狂风暴雨
a timely/seasonable rain好雨知时节
be caught in the rain 被雨淋continuous rain 连续不断的雨
sheets of bitterly cold rain 阵阵刺骨的冷雨
the dark, raining evening雨夜交加的夜晚
【必背金句】
1.The rain lets up.雨小了。
2.It was raining cats and dogs yesterday after school, and I was all wet when I got home.
昨天放学的时候下着倾盆大雨，我到家时全身都湿了。
3.There was a heavy downpour.Unfortunately, Tom was caught in the heavy rain.
下了一场大暴雨。不幸的是，Tom 在暴雨中被淋成了落汤鸡。
4.The rain drummed on the window, bidding farewell to the last beam of sunlight.
雨敲打在窗上，并向最后一缕阳光告别。
5.Spring rain, like cattle hair, like needles, like fine silk, closely inclined weaving.
春雨、像牛毛、像花针、像细丝，密密地斜织着。
6.I was disturbed by the annoying sound of the rain.淅淅沥沥的雨声扰乱了我的思绪。
7.Immediately, sheets of bitterly cold rain filled the air.顷刻间，空中下起了阵阵刺骨的冷雨。
8.The rain came pouring down, the streams rose, and the winds blew and beat against the house.
大雨倾盆，溪水上涨，狂风咆哮这撞击房屋。
9.Though the rain stopped, the wind rushed by and whistled and made strange sounds.
雨虽停了，风却呼啸而过，发出奇怪的声音。
10.The rain drummed on the window, bidding farewell to the last beam of sunlight.
雨滴敲打着窗户，向最后一缕阳光告别。
11.The wind was howling horribly and the rain was pouring down, flapping against the trees.
狂风呼啸，大雨倾盆而下，拍打着树枝。
八、风之描写
【名词】
breeze微风
typhoon台风
hurricane飓风
tornado龙卷风
【动词】
blow刮
whip鞭打whistle嗖嗖地刮
waft吹拂
rustle沙沙作响
kiss亲吻
【形容词】
gentle/soft轻柔的
moderate/mild温和的
strong/violent猛烈的
chilly凛冽的
【词组】
sweep across席卷
waft through拂
blow through吹过
die away风逐渐变弱
pick up风力加大
cut deep into one’s bones刺骨
exposed to the four winds of heaven四面受风
【必背金句】
1.The sun went in, and the breeze became cold.云层遮住了太阳，微风有了新凉意。
2.Though the rain stopped, the wind rushed by and whistled and made strange sounds.雨虽停了，风却呼啸而过
发出奇怪的声音。
3.Falling leaves danced down in the cool mid-autumn air, bidding farewell to sweet summer and welcoming the
autumn in.落叶在秋风中飞舞，告别了甜美的夏天，迎接秋天的到来。
4.The wind had picked up.风愈刮愈大。
5.It was getting dark and the wind died away.天渐渐黑了，风渐渐小了。
6.The breeze gently kissed his checks.微风轻柔地亲吻着他的脸庞。
7.A cold breeze wafted through my hair.寒冷的微风吹过我的头发。
8.A cool breeze blew through the quiet park.凉爽的微风吹过安静的公园。
9.The wind stood up and gave a shout.大风凛冽，发出怒吼。。
10.A gentle/light/cool/warm breeze blows in/comes in off the sea.微风/轻风强风凉园暖风从海上吹来。
11.The icy wind started howling, stinging my face.焊缝开始咆哮，刺痛了我的脸。12.The wind was so bone-chilling that I couldn't stop shivering from the cod.寒风刺骨，我冷得不停打哆嗦。
13.Outside,the winds blew the trees and beat against the house, which made people unable to one their eyes.
外面，风吹着树，拍打着房子，使人们无法睁开眼睛。
14.As the wind blows, we can hear the leaves rustling in the trees, 随着风的吹拂,我们可以听到树沙沙作响。
15.The ice wind started howling, cutting my face like a sharp knife.
寒风开始咆哮，像锋利的刀子一样刮在我的脸上。
Part 3 单元语法+读后续写即时检测
一、单句语法填空
1．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Besides performances (create) by light and shadow, performers
must master a set of various skills as the plays combine painting, carving, opera and literature.
【答案】created
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：除了光影创造的表演，表演者还必须掌握一系列的技巧，因为戏剧结合
了绘画、雕刻、歌剧和文学。主句中已有谓语动词must master且无连词，故空处应用非谓语动词，create
和逻辑主语performances之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填created。
2．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）He also gives lectures about the fight against desertification at schools of
Alshaa League, hoping (raise) awareness among young people.
【答案】to raise
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他还在阿尔沙亚联盟的学校做关于防治荒漠化的讲座，希望提高年轻人
的意识。hope to do sth.“希望做某事”是固定搭配，不定式作宾语。故填to raise。
3．（23-24高三上·福建·阶段练习）The secretary had no option but (resign) from the job after
giving away the secret of the company.
【答案】to resign
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：秘书在泄露了公司的秘密后，别无选择，只得辞职。此处上文为短语
have no option but do sth.表示“别无选择，只得……”。故填to resign。
4．（23-24高三上·福建·阶段练习）Several people deserve (mention) for their assistance in
providing information for this report.
【答案】mentioning/to be mentioned
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有几个人在为本报告提供资料方面提供了协助，值得提及。deserve
doing/to be done“值得做，值得被做”，固定用法，动名词是主动形式表示被动汉语，故填mentioning/to be
mentioned。
5．（23-24高三上·福建·阶段练习）She found the wavelength (波长) of their broadcasts, and left the radio(tune) to their station. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】tuned
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她找到了他们的广播波段，把收音机调到那个位置收听他们电台的节目。
此处是“leave+宾语+宾补”结构，动词tune和宾语radio之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补，故填
tuned。
6．（23-24高三上·福建·阶段练习）Robert, (accuse) of theft in a supermarket, might face the
result of being arrested and put into prison.
【答案】accused
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：罗伯特被控在超市偷窃，他可能面临被捕入狱的结果。accuse和逻辑主
语Robert之间是被动关系，此处应用过去分词作状语，故填accused。
7．（23-24高三上·福建·阶段练习）The (shade) areas showing us where the houses will be built
can be distinguished from the surrounding areas on the map.
【答案】shaded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在地图上，向我们显示房屋建造位置的阴影区域可以与周围区域区分开
来。空处修饰名词areas，需用非谓语动词作定语，shade和areas为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故
填shaded。
8．（23-24高三上·福建·阶段练习）Your life and career don’t rely on the ideas (bounce)around in
your heads but your down-to-earth actions.
【答案】bouncing
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：你的生活和事业不依赖于你脑海中跳跃的想法，而是依赖于你脚踏实地的
行动。分析句子结构可知，bounce在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，它和ideas 之间为主动关系，因此使用
现在分词作后置定语，故填bouncing。
9．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Young men and women sing and dance hand in hand around the bonfire
(express) their gratitude for a life of plenty and good wishes for the coming year.
【答案】to express
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：青年男女手拉手围着篝火唱歌跳舞，以表达他们对丰饶生活的感激之情
和对来年的美好祝愿。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填to express。
10．（2023高三·全国·专题练习） Independence is another word for freedom, which is a universal value
(cherish) by all people. Freedom is like the drifting of white clouds in the open sky and the happy blooming of a
flower in the woods.【答案】cherished
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：独立是自由的另一个词，这是所有人都珍视的普遍价值。自由就像在开
阔的天空中漂浮的白云，像在树林中快乐开放的花朵。该句的谓语是is，空处应用非谓语动词，cherish与
名词value之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填cherished。
11．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Possibly the most helpful and joy-bringing app I’ve added to my phone lately
is Merlin, a free bird identification program (create) by the Cornell University Lab of Ornithology.
【答案】created
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最近我给手机安装的最有用、最能带来快乐的应用程序可能是Merlin，
这是康奈尔大学鸟类学实验室开发的一款免费的鸟类识别程序。分析句子结构可知，create与逻辑主语a
free bird identification program构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填created。
12．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Due (come) into effect from April 1, the law explains water
conservation on the river basin, ecological protection and restoration, conservation and intensive use of water
resources, flood control and pollution prevention among other measures.
【答案】to come
【详解】考查不定式。句意：该法将于4月1日起实施，对流域水资源保护、生态保护和修复、水资源保
护和集约利用、防洪和污染防治等措施作出解释。形容词due“预定的，预期发生的”后跟不定式，构成
due to do sth意为“预定……”，设空处填动词不定式to come。故填to come。
13．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Hangzhou is recognized as the “City of Well-Being” in China. Hangzhou
made its name (know) to the world in 2016 by hosting the G20 Summit.
【答案】known
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：杭州被誉为中国的“幸福之城”。2016年，杭州因举办二十国集团峰会
而闻名世界。分析句子可知，空处在句中作宾语补足语，且动词know与宾语name构成被动关系，故用过
去分词形式。故填known。
14．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）As he played his guqin in the mountains, a woodcutter named Zhong Ziqi
heard the music and understood exactly what Yu wanted (express).
【答案】to express
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：当他在山上弹奏古琴时，一位名叫钟子期的樵夫听到了音乐，并完全理
解了他想表达的意思。want to do意为“想要做某事”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用to do不定式作宾语。
故填to express。
15．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）An all-time favorite dish and symbol of springtime in Zhejiang is Yan DuXian, a delicious soup (make) with fresh spring bamboo shoots, cured pork and fresh pork.
【答案】made
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：腌笃鲜是浙江人最喜欢的一道菜，也是春天的象征，腌笃鲜是一种由新
鲜的春笋、腌猪肉和新鲜猪肉制成的美味汤。分析句子结构可知，make在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻
辑主语a delicious soup构成逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填made。
16．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Kowkui’s exceptionally large leaves often lead to its (mistake) for
“vegetable” by first-time viewers, but this “king” of green tea in Fang’s eyes beats other varieties at more than just
size.
【答案】being mistaken
【详解】考查动名词复合结构。句意：猴魁茶的叶子特别大，经常让第一次观看的人误认为是“蔬菜”，
但在方看来，这种绿茶“王”胜过其他品种的不仅仅是大小。分析句子可知，此处为动名词复合结构one’s
doing sth.作lead to的宾语，由mistake和逻辑主语Kowkui’s leaves为被动关系，所以为动名词被动形式。
故填being mistaken。
17．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Consisting of the Sui and Tang Grand Canal, the Jing-Hang Grand Canal and
the Zhedong Canal, the Canal stretches over 2, 700 kilometers, crossing eight provincial-level administrative
regions and (link) five major water systems.
【答案】linking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：京杭大运河由隋唐大运河、京杭大运河和浙东运河组成，全长2700多公
里，跨越八个省级行政区，连接五大水系。空处和上文crossing并列作状语，应用非谓语动词形式，逻辑
主语 the Canal和link之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填linking。
18．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）The reef, between 15 kilometers and 150 kilometers off shore and around 65
km wide in some parts, is a gathering of brilliant, vivid coral (provide) divers with the most spectacular
underwater experience imaginable.
【答案】providing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：大堡礁距离海岸15公里至150公里，部分地区宽约65公里，是一片明
亮、鲜艳的珊瑚聚集地，为潜水员提供了可以想象到的最壮观的水下体验。分析句子结构可知，此处为非
谓语动词作状语，provide与逻辑主语The reef之间为为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。故填
providing。
19．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Wearing a costume and (arm) with a prop spear (道具长矛), the
42-year-old walks confidently across the stage, practising a variety of martial art movements, before ending thedrill with a liangxiang (striking a pose on the stage).
【答案】armed
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：42岁的他穿着戏服，手持道具矛，自信地走在舞台上，练习各种武术动作，
最后以一个“亮相”(在舞台上摆出一个姿势)结束练习。固定短语be armed with表示“装备有、配备有”，
再分析句式结构，此处应省去be，用过去分词作状语。故填armed。
20．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）First (manufacture) in Shanghai in the 1940s, White Rabbit wasn’t
only a household name in China, it also was used as gifts for foreign dignitaries (政要).
【答案】manufactured
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：大白兔于20世纪40年代在上海首次生产，它不仅在中国家喻户晓，还
被用作送给外国政要的礼物。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，manufacture和主句主语White Rabbit之间存在
被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填manufactured。
21．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）For Wang, (win) this title is just the beginning of a promising
future. The rising star said he would head to the top spots in the professional arena.
【答案】winning
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对王发来说，赢得这个冠军只是他美好未来的开始。分析句子结构可知，
此处为动名词作主语。故填winning。
22．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）What’s more, Chinese Culture Centers in Cairo, Paris, Berlin, Tokyo and
Denmark, to name a few, are introducing China by holding cultural activities, opening training classes, and
(build) libraries.
【答案】building
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，开罗、巴黎、柏林、东京、丹麦等地的中国文化中心正在通过举
办文化活动、开设培训班、建设图书馆等方式介绍中国。根据上文opening training classes, and可知本句与
上文构成并列非谓语结构，为动名词作介词的宾语。故填building。
23．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）When she spotted such abandoned goods, she put a pair of eyeball-shaped
stickers on them before publishing notes on her social media accounts, and guiding others (pick) them up
from the streets.
【答案】to pick
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当她发现这些被遗弃的物品时，她在上面贴了一对眼球形状的贴纸，然
后在她的社交媒体账户上发布注释，并引导其他人从街上捡起这些物品。guide sb. to do sth.意为“指导某
人做某事”。故填to pick。24．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）A resort (度假胜地) in Vietnam has opened a glass-bottomed foot bridge, the
third such bridge in the Southeast Asian country, (connect) two mountains.
【答案】connecting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：越南的一个度假胜地开设了一座玻璃底人行桥，这是东南亚国家的第三
座这样的桥，连接两座山。句子的谓语为has opened，设空处作非谓语动词，connect与逻辑主语a glass-
bottomed foot bridge之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填connecting。
25．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）As an expert for the Baby Annabell Ask The Experts campaign, people have
asked me if (have) a shy personality is something we are born with or if it’s something we develop
based on our experiences.
【答案】having
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为“宝贝安娜贝尔问专家”活动的专家，人们问我，害羞是我们天生
的性格，还是我们根据自己的经历发展起来的性格。分析句子结构，空白处在以if为连接词的宾语从句中
做主语，使用动名词作主语，故填having。
26．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）One should be clear about what (love) or hate. Ren comes from
learning and self-cultivation: it can be seen from a person’s appearance.
【答案】to love
【详解】考查不定式。句意：一个人应该清楚地知道爱什么或恨什么。分析句子可知此处为“疑问词+不
定式”作介词about的宾语，故填to love。
27．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）From the late 13th until 19th century, with the highest section built and the
overall length (shorten), the Canal was turned into a main passage between northern and southern China
as well as the economic lifeline of the country.
【答案】shortened
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从13世纪末到19世纪，随着最高段的建造和总长度的缩短，运河成为
中国南北之间的主要通道和国家的经济命脉。在with复合结构中，空处应填非谓语动词作宾补，shorten和
逻辑主语length之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填shortened。
28．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）So far, Shandong has launched many cultural tourism projects, making great
progress in digging into the culture and value of the Yellow River (boost) the high-quality development
of the region.
【答案】to boost
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：迄今为止，山东已经启动了许多文化旅游项目，在挖掘黄河文化和价值方面取得了重大进展，以推动该地区的高质量发展。分析句子结构可知boost在句中作目的状语，应用不
定式。故填to boost。
29．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Since the summer of 2022, a 26-year-old Shanghai resident (name)
Chen Jiaorong has been walking along Julu Road in Shanghai’s downtown area once or twice a week, looking
around and picking up “garbage”.
【答案】named
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：自从2022年夏天开始，一个名叫陈娇蓉的26岁的上海居民，经常会在
上海市中心的巨鹿路上一周走一到两次，四处看看并捡起“垃圾”。分析句子结构和意思可知，此处name
作为后置定语，修饰名词resident，之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。故填named。
30．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）The ministry will make continuous efforts (increase) the proportion
of green buildings, raise building energy efficiency standards and popularize buildings with extra-low energy
consumption in regions with suitable climate conditions.
【答案】to increase
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：环保部将继续努力提高绿色建筑的比例，提高建筑能效标准，并在气候
条件适宜的地区推广超低能耗建筑。分析句子结构和句意可知，设空处应用不定式，在句中作目的状语。
故填to increase。
二、书面表达
1．（2024·江苏徐州·模拟预测）阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整
的短文。
On April 8, Mike Krugman, 74, had let his dog Riley out for a predinner walk on his 36-acre property.
Krugman got its kibble (狗粮) ready, waiting for it. Sometimes Riley liked to go down to the barn and barked at the
horses. When Krugman went to the barn and couldn’t find the dog, he became concerned and decided to take a ride
around the property on his ATV. The five-foot fence that surrounds his property was buried in snow, leaving
Krugman to wonder whether Riley climbed on the snow and walked over the top of the fence.
There was another possibility Krugman was worried about. Krugman thought that maybe Riley had gone
looking for Rose, his wife, who had died of a heart condition in January. She and Riley, who would sleep on her
pillow every night, were extremely close. “Then when Rose passed away, it hid behind the bed for several days,”
Krugman said. “You could tell it really missed her.”
After Riley went missing, Krugman began to look for it. He tried to find Riley’s tracks in the snow but
failed.Zach Hackett, on May 14, was up 12,000 feet hiking on a mountain in Colorado when he thought he heard a
faint yip from a dog. As he walked through a clearing, he saw it: a black and white Shetland sheepdog, visibly
shivering behind some fallen pine trees. “Hey buddy,” he called out, then whistled, “Come here! Do you want a
treat?” The dog let out a pitiful groan with pain, getting stuck under tangled (乱糟糟的) branches. He was a little
startled, because dogs shouldn’t have been up there so high. Hackett realized the dog was too weak to move. It was
freezing cold. The dog looked like it was near death. Hackett believed what he’d heard was the dog’s last cry for
help, and that if he hadn’t come along the dog would have died there. He tried to call 911 for help but there was no
signal. He knew he was going to have to carry him down the mountain.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
He took action immediately.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
______________
Hackett dialed the telephone number on the tag around the dog’s neck.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________
【答案】【One possible version】
He took action immediately. Carefully lifting the dog into his arms, Hackett felt its bones through its thin fur. The
dog whined softly, but didn’t resist. Hackett began the arduous journey down the mountain. Every step was
deliberate, mindful of the rocky ground and the dog’s fragile state. He spoke soothingly to the dog, hoping his voice
would provide some comfort. Hours later, they finally arrived at an animal hospital where Riley receivedimmediate treatment. Hackett stayed by its side and noticed a tag peeking out of the fur. Hackett dialed the
telephone number on the tag around the dog’s neck. A weary voice answered. On the phone, Hackett told the man
he found a Shetland sheepdog in distress up in the mountains. The tag of the dog had the telephone number on it.
The man on the other end gasped in amazement and asked for Hackett’s location. Then it was not long before Mike
Krugman, overwhelmed with gratitude, was reunited with Riley. “Mr. Hackett, you’ve brought back a part of our
family.” Krugman’s voice choked. Riley barked happily, his eyes bright once more, ready to return home and
continue his walks around the property, this time under Krugman’s watchful eye.
【导语】本文主要以寻找Riley为线索。文章讲述了主人公 Krugman 4月8日让他的狗Riley在他36英亩
的土地上散步，之后准备喂他的狗时，发现狗失踪了。于是主人公开始进行各种猜测并四处寻找Riley，但
是找不到。5月14日，一个名叫Hackett的人在一座海拔1.2万英尺的山上徒步旅行时发现了这只黑白相间
的设得兰牧羊犬，在一些倒下的松树后面瑟瑟发抖，非常虚弱。Hackett拨打911但是没有信号，于是决定
把它带下山。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他立即采取了行动。”可知，第一段可描写Hackett带着狗下山的艰难过程。
②由第二段首句内容“Hackett拨打了狗脖子上标签上的电话号码。”可知，第二段可描写Hackett联系到
了Krugman，Krugman和他的狗Riley团聚了，并感谢了Hackett。
2.续写线索：采取行动——安抚——带下山——治疗——联系Krugman——团聚——感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①到达：arrive at/get to/reach
②注意：notice/take note of/take notice of
③回家：return home/go back home
情绪类
①感激：gratitude/appreciation/thankfulness
②吃惊： in amazement/in surprise/amazingly/surprisingly
【点睛】[高分句型1] Hours later, they finally arrived at an animal hospital where Riley received immediate
treatment. （运用了由where引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]Then it was not long before Mike Krugman, overwhelmed with gratitude, was reunited with Riley.
（由before引导的时间状语从句）
2．（2024·山东菏泽·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In the community of Belfast, Maine lived an old lady, Marina Delune, 67, who had a cute dog named Ruth.
The bright-eyed West Highland White Terrier (梗犬) jumped out of her owner’s car on Tuesday and ran off from
her Belfast home.
As a person with multiple disabilities, Marina couldn’t do much searching herself. So she posted a piece of
information on a Belfast Facebook page that she needed help looking for her lost dog. She expected only a few
people would respond. However, the response that she got was beyond her expectation. “It was extraordinary. I
couldn’t even keep up with all the responses. I’m not very good at using Facebook, so I couldn’t respond to all the
comments,” said Marina. What actually happened was that half of Belfast were out looking for her dog in the
woods.
The people in the community knew what Ruth meant to Marina. Ruth was her best companion. Always, they
saw Marina walking and shopping with Ruth following behind.
For two days, the people in the community of Belfast together searched yards and woods for the lost dog, put
up posters around the town and monitored social media for tips and sightings. As the hours and then days went by
with no sight of Ruth, Marina grew more and more fearful that her dog would never come home. But the searchers
didn’t give up, not even during Thursday’s icy rain.
Kimberly Mitchell, 53, is an animal lover, who also has disabilities. She walks with a cane (拐杖) and has
her own challenges. Such a situation made her acutely aware of how Marina could be feeling. She got in touch with
Marina and headed to her home late Thursday afternoon to help. When she pulled into the drive, she had a strong
feeling that the dog was nearby.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Despite the cold rain, Kimberly checked the yard.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
The dog was looking at Kimberly.____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Despite the cold rain, Kimberly checked the yard. He determined not to let the adverse weather deter her
from the mission. With her heart filled with hope and her eyes scanning every corner, she called out Ruth’s name,
the sound echoing through the damp air. As she carefully navigated the slippery terrain, her cane tapping
rhythmically against the ground, a sudden movement caught her attention. There, amidst the shrubs, partially
hidden under a bush, were two bright eyes glistening in the dim light – it was Ruth.
The dog was looking at Kimberly. Kimberly softly called, her voice brimming with relief and joy. Ruth,
detecting kindness, shyly appeared, tail timidly wagging. Kimberly, aware of her limitations, knelt down cautiously,
offering a gentle hand. Sensing security, Ruth drew near, accepting Kimberly’s protective hug. Emotional,
Kimberly lifted Ruth, phoning Marina to share the happy news: Ruth was safe and and she was coming home. This
sparked jubilation throughout Belfast, highlighting the community’s solidarity and compassion in overcoming
adversity.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。67岁的老人玛丽娜·德尔努拥有一只叫露丝的可爱狗狗。周二，露丝跑
丢了。身患多种残疾的玛丽娜无法亲自寻找，便在当地的脸书群里求助。社区居民纷纷出动。随着日子一
天天过去，玛丽娜越来越担心露丝回不来了，但搜寻者们即使在冰冷的雨中也未曾放弃。53岁的金伯利·
米切尔也是一位行动不便的动物爱好者，她理解玛丽娜的感受，前往玛丽娜家帮忙。刚到玛丽娜家，她就
强烈感觉到露丝就在附近。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段句首内容“尽管下着凉雨，金伯利还是检查了院子。”可知，第一段可以描写金伯利寻找露丝
的过程。
②由第二段句首内容“那条狗正看着金伯利。”可知，第二段可以描写金伯利找到露丝后的行动。
2.续写线索：检查院子——发现狗狗——狗正看着——抱着狗狗——给玛丽娜打电话——带回
3.词汇激活
行为类
①决定：determine/decide②阻止：deter/prevent
③引起某人的注意：catch one’s attention/attract one’s attention
情绪类
①希望：hope/expectation
②快乐：joy/delight
【点睛】【高分句型1】As she carefully navigated the slippery terrain, her cane tapping rhythmically against the
ground, a sudden movement caught her attention. ( 运用了as引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型3】Sensing security, Ruth drew near, accepting Kimberly’s protective hug. (运用了现在分词sensing
和accepting作状语)
