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Unit 2 Building the future
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．fossil n．
2．dioxide n．
3．scenario n．(pl.scenarios)
4．infrastructure n．
5．grid n．
6．optimize vt.
7． vt.降低，削弱(尤指质量)；使退化，使降解；降低……的身份，侮辱……
的人格，使受屈辱 vi.退化，降解，分解
8．landfill n．
9．dough n．
10．oven n．
11． vt.& vi.保护，保障，捍卫
12． n．吃剩的食物，残羹剩饭；遗留物，残存物 adj.剩下的，多余的
13． vt.& vi.撒，撒播；散开，四散
14． n．潮，潮汐，潮水；潮流，趋势；怒潮；高涨的情绪
15． vi.突然消失；不复存在，消亡，绝迹
16． vt.(尤指在不合适的地方)丟弃，扔掉，倾倒；丢下，抛弃 n．垃圾场，
废物堆
17． adj.热带的，来自热带的，产于热带的
18． n．奔涌向前，突然的向上运动；(强烈感情的)突发；(数量的)急剧上升，
激增 vi.涌，汹涌；使强烈地感到；急剧上升，飞涨
19． n．庇护，避难；收容所，避难所；庇护者，慰藉
20． adj.不可避免的，不能防止的；总会发生的，照例必有的，惯常的
→evitable adj.可以避免的
21． vt.发出，射出，散发→emission n．排放；(光、热、气等的)发出；射出；
排放物；散发物
22． vi.加速，加快 vt.使加速，使加快→acceleration n．加快；加速度；加速
23． vt.使生效，贯彻，执行，实施→implementation n．实施
24．decompose v．分解→ n．分解Ⅱ.核心短语
1． 枯竭，耗尽；干涸
2．open the door to
3．wind up
4．in hot water
Ⅲ.经典句型
1．状语从句的省略
，the batteries leak dangerous chemicals into the
environment.
如果没有被合理回收，电池会将危险化学物质泄漏到环境中。
2．with的复合结构
，a future with renewable energy may be difficult
to predict.
考虑到这些挑战，未来是否会使用可再生能源可能很难预测。
3．where引导的定语从句
A solar collector would be placed in a location to
capture higher levels of solar energy for longer periods.
一个太阳能收集器将被放置在一个有恒定阳光的地方，以在更长时间内捕获更高水平的太阳
能。
4．完全倒装
thousands of islands.
在这片海洋上散布着成千上万的岛屿。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
The accelerating melting of the Himalayan glaciers threatens the water supply of millions of
people in Asia，new research warns.The study，led by the University of Leeds，concludes that
over recent decades the Himalayan glaciers have lost ice ten times more quickly over the last few
decades than that on average since the last major glacier expansion 400－700 years ago，a period
known as the Little Ice Age.
The study also reveals that the Himalayan glaciers are shrinking far more rapidly than glaciers
in other parts of the world—a rate of loss the researchers describe as “exceptional”．The
paper，published in Scientific Reports，made a reconstruction of the size and ice surfaces of
14,798 Himalayan glaciers during the Little Ice Age.The researchers calculate that the glaciers have
lost around 40 per cent of their area—shrinking from a peak of 28,000 km2 to around 19,600 km2
today.
The Himalayan mountain range is home to the world’s third-largest amount of glacier ice，after Antarctica and the Arctic and is often referred to as “the Third Pole”．The acceleration of
melting of the Himalayan glaciers has significant impacts on hundreds of millions of people who
depend on Asia’s major river systems for food and energy.
The Himalayan glaciers are generally losing ice much faster in the eastern regions.The study
suggests this variation is probably due to differences in geographical features on the two sides of
the mountain range and their interaction with the atmosphere—resulting in different weather
patterns.
Dr Carrivick，the leader of the study，said，“While we must act urgently to reduce and
relieve the impact of human-made climate change on the glaciers and meltwater-fed rivers，the
modelling of that impact on glaciers must also take account of the role of factors such as lakes and
debris(杂物垃圾)．”
1．What may be the result of the accelerating melting of the Himalayan glaciers?
A．Himalayan is getting warmer.
B．The Arctic glaciers expand frequently.
C．The whole world is going towards Ice Age.
D．Asia’s water，food and energy is under threat.
2．Why are the eastern regions of the Himalayan glaciers losing ice much faster?
A．Because of different landforms.
B．Because of the time of sunlight.
C．Because of the amount of glacier ice.
D．Because of the activities of mountain climbers.
3．What can we learn from the text?
A．The Himalayan glaciers have lost ice since they existed.
B．The study came to its conclusion by doing experiments.
C．The Himalayan glaciers have the largest amount of ice.
D．Climate change is the main cause of the melting of glaciers.
4．What would be a suitable title for the text?
A．Asian People Are in Danger of Water Supply
B．The Eastern Region of Himalaya Melts Faster
C．Himalayan Glaciers Are Melting at an Unusual Rate
D．The Himalayan Mountain Range Has More Glacier Ice
Ⅱ.七选五
Desertification，the process by which fertile (肥沃的) land becomes desert，has severe
impacts on food production and is worsened by climate change. 1
Africa’s Great Green Wall is a project to build an 8,000-kilometre-long forest across 11 of
the continent’s countries.The project is meant to contain the growing Sahara Desert and fight
climate change. 2 They include limited political support ， lack of money ， weakorganizational structures ， and not enough consideration for the environment.Just 4 million
hectares(公顷) of land have been turned into forest since work on the Green Wall began 15 years
ago. 3
First proposed in 2005，the project aims to plant a forest from Senegal on the Atlantic Ocean
in Western Africa to Eritrea，Ethiopia and Djibouti in the east. 4 It could also reduce levels of
climate-related migration in the area and capture hundreds of millions of tons of carbon dioxide
from the air.Several countries have struggled to keep up with the demands of the project.
5 Eritrea，Ethiopia，and Sudan have all expanded their efforts.Ethiopia is producing
5.5 billion seedlings leading to thousands of hectares of restored land.Efforts in Eritrea and Sudan
have also resulted in nearly 140,000 hectares of newly planted forest.The UN desertification
agency says the project will need to plant an average of 8.2 million hectares yearly to reach its goal
of 100 million hectares by 2030.
A．But the project faces many problems.
B．That is only 4 percent of the programme’s goal.
C．A quarter of Africa is under threat of food shortage.
D．However，it is difficult to work on the Great Green Wall.
E．Some progress has been made in recent years in the east of the continent.
F．Supporters hope that the project will create millions of green jobs in rural Africa.
G．The UN says up to 45 percent of Africa’s land is impacted by desertification，worse than any
other continent.
Ⅲ.应用文写作——邀请信
假设你是李华，请写一封电子邮件邀请你校的英国交换生 Chris一起去参观周末的科技
展。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
