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Unit 3 Helping people
Ⅰ.重点单词
1． vt. & vi.(因失去……而)哀悼，忧伤
2．shatter vt.& vi.
3．ash n．(pl.)
4． vt.( ， )支持，维护；(尤指法庭)维持(原判)，受理
(申诉)
5．framework n．
6． n．牺牲，舍弃；祭献，祭祀 vt.牺牲，献出
7．displace vt.
8． n．避难者，逃亡者，难民
9．harsh adj.
10．toll n．
11．livestock n．
12． n．绝望 vi.绝望，失去希望，丧失信心
13． n．鼓 vi.打鼓，击鼓
14． vi.& vt.透不过气，气喘吁吁地说；喘气，喘息，倒抽气 n．深吸气，喘
息，倒抽气
15．tyre (AmE tire) n．
16． vi.仔细看，端详 n．身份(或地位)相同的人，同龄人，同辈
17．stumble vi.
18．ramp n．
19．deploy vt.
20． vi.& vt.( ， )迅速离开，(尤指害怕有危险而)
逃避，逃跑
21．solitary adj.
22．lean vi.( ， )前俯(或后仰)，倾斜；倚靠，靠在vt.使斜靠
23．soak vt.& vi.
24．famine n．
25． adj.完全的，十足的，彻底的→utterly adv.完全地；全然；彻底地
26． vt.实现；履行，执行，符合，具备；起……作用，目的是；使有成就感，使满足→fulfilment n．满足感；成就感；履行；实现；完成；满足→ adj.让
人感觉有意义的；令人满足的
27．distress n．忧虑；悲伤；贫困；窘迫；(船、飞机等)遇难，遇险 vt.使忧虑；使悲伤；
使苦恼→ adj.使人痛苦的，令人苦恼的→ adj.烦恼的；忧虑的；
苦恼的；痛苦的
28．prosper vi.繁荣；兴旺；成功；发达→ adj.繁荣的，成功的，兴旺的
→__________ n．兴旺；繁荣；成功；昌盛
29． adj.不充分的，不足的，不够的；不胜任的，缺乏信心的→adequate adj.
充足的；足够的；合格的；合乎需要的→ n．适当；恰当；足够；充足
30． adj.连绵的，持续的，反复出现的；执着的，不屈不挠的，坚持不懈的
→persistence n．坚持不懈；坚持；锲而不舍；持续存在；维持
31．furious adj.狂怒的；暴怒的；激烈的；猛烈的；高速的；盛怒的→ adv.
愤怒地，狂怒地，暴怒地；激烈地，猛烈地
32． adj.瘫痪的→paralys(z)e vt.使瘫痪；使麻痹；使不能正常工作
Ⅱ.核心短语
1． 把……付诸行动
2．take its toll on
3． 成为一片废墟
4． 有史以来
5． 有权进入；有权访问
6． 不遗余力地做……
7． 情不自禁地做……
Ⅲ.经典句型
1．it作形式主语，that引导主语从句
It is the belief of the UN and the
single best investment countries can make to build prosperous，healthy and fair societies.
联合国认为，教育是每个社会最基本的组成部分，也是各国为建设繁荣、健康和公平的社会
所能作出的最佳投资。
2．对谓语动词的强调；find＋宾语＋宾补
To conclude，I you this brief insight into the work of the UN
.
最后，我真心希望你们觉得这篇对联合国工作的简短见解是鼓舞人心的。
3．as引导的原因状语从句
This also takes its toll on people， .
这也给人们带来了损失，因为这对羊奶和羊肉的质量产生了负面影响。Ⅰ.阅读理解
In conversations with strangers，people commonly tend to think they should speak less than
half the conversation time to be likable.But we’ve discovered this idea is wrong.Our data shows
that people tend to think they should speak about 45% of the time to be likable in a one-on-one
conversation with someone new.However，it appears speaking up a bit more is actually a better
strategy.
In our research，we randomly assigned people to speak for 30%,40%,50%,60% of the time in
a conversation with someone new.We found that the more they spoke，the more they were liked by
their new partners.This was only one study with 116 participants，but the outcome is supported by
other researchers’ findings.For example，a previous study randomly assigned one in a pair to
take on the role of “speaker” and the other to take on the role of “listener”．After engaging
in 12-minute interactions，listeners liked speakers more than speakers liked listeners because
listeners felt more similar to speakers than speakers did to listeners.This outcome suggests the
reason people prefer those who speak up：Learning more about a new partner can make you feel
like you have more in common with him or her.
Further，we assigned people to speak for up to 70% and even 90% of the time.The result
shows it is not an ideal strategy.Our research does not suggest people hold down a conversational
partner but rather that they feel comfortable speaking up more than they usually might.
Research like ours can help people gain a more reasonable understanding of social interactions
with new people and become more confident about how to make a good first impression.It has the
obvious benefit of allowing us to carefully control speaking time.However，it does not reflect
more natural conversations.Future research should figure out whether our findings generalize to
more natural interactions.
1．What is the common belief concerning conversations with strangers?
A．Speaking a little less is preferred.
B．Speaking half the time is the best.
C．Listeners are more likable than speakers.
D．Listeners fail to control the conversations.
2．How was the research carried out?
A．By analyzing speaking habits.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By listing examples.
D．By collecting data.
3．What is the disadvantage of the research?
A．The conversation time is limited.
B．Further study is hard to continue.
C．The findings are less widely applicable.D．Interactions with strangers are missing.
4．In which situation can the research finding be applied?
A．Attending a family gathering.
B．Partying with your friends.
C．Meeting a new teacher.
D．Making a public speech.
Ⅱ.完形填空
In just a few days,90-year-old Joyce Defauw will finally graduate from Northern Illinois
University.It’s a journey that 1 in 1951.“I went to college for 3 years，and I 2 ，”
Joyce said.“Later，I met a gentleman who 3 my heart，and we decided to get married.”
A few years after dropping out of college and getting married，she had two kids and thus was
just busy with 4 ，and that college diploma seemed far away.Now a grandmother of 17，
Joyce said while she didn’t think much about returning to 5 ，it was always a 6 .In
2019 when Joyce showed 7 in the college education she left behind，things were much 8
for her.With the help of her adult children，Joyce，who was too old to 9 ，began taking
online classes using a computer for the first time.In four years of taking classes，Joyce was on 10
only once，when Northern Illinois University 11 students doing well after the first semester.
Now，she will return in person to finish the 12 that began nearly 70 years ago，with a
13 for others，like her younger self.“Don’t give up.Even if you do quit，go back，” Joyce
said.“It’s there for you.Just 14 it.Sometimes you get 15 because it’s taking so
long，but there’s light at the end of the tunnel.”
1．A.continued B．mattered
C．stretched D．began
2．A.stayed B．quit
C．remembered D．graduated
3．A.stole B．broke
C．lost D．followed
4．A.sports B．exams
C．family D．business
5．A.college B．work
C．homeland D．marriage
6．A.danger B．chance
C．mistake D．wish
7．A.pride B．interest
C．promise D．confidence
8．A.clearer B．harderC．impossible D．different
9．A.drive B．run
C．perform D．suffer
10．A.vacation B．campus
C．duty D．board
11．A.helped B．observed
C．honored D．supported
12．A.journey B．match
C．novel D．project
13．A.respect B．request
C．message D．plan
14．A.laugh at B．look at
C．go for D．wait for
15．A.sick B．hurt
C．excited D．depressed
Ⅲ.语法填空
As is known to all，we 1. (human) are social by nature.The connections we
build with others 2. (be) critical to social，emotional，and physical health.Knowing
how to maintain interpersonal relationships can help you build a support system 3.
provides strength as you cope with life’s challenges.
Interpersonal relationships need openness.4. (maintain) strong bonds with
others，there needs to be a mutual give-and-take 5. it comes to sharing information
with one another.It is through this mutual sharing that you get to know each other.This
process,6._____________(know) as self-disclosure ， strengthens bonds and deepens intimacy
between people.Consider how you might feel if someone you care about doesn’t share important
information with you about things that are happening in their life.You might be left 7.
(feel) that they don’t trust you or that they don’t consider you as a close friend.
Being open doesn’t 8. (necessary) mean you should give others unlimited
access to your thoughts，feelings，or time.Healthy boundaries are also 9. vital
foundation of any strong relationship.It’s important that others respect your boundaries，but it is
just as important for you to respect 10. (they)．Respecting these boundaries shows that
you care about each other’s values，goals，emotions，and needs.
