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练习 36 语法填空＋阅读理解＋书面表达
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·三明一中月考 189词 ★★★☆☆
Today let's talk about 1.________ to pay attention to if you plan to invite someone over to
your house or if you are 2.________ (invite) to a party.
When 3.________ (make) an invitation, you should telephone friends, speak to friends
4.________， or send out written notes. A written invitation should include the date, time, place
and 5.________ description of the occasion.
If you are invited to dinner at 6.________ (someone) home, it is wise to arrive 10 minutes
late. The host may need time to deal with many other things 7.________ preparing the dinner.
8.________ some people think it is welcome, it is not necessary to bring flowers or gifts when you
are invited to lunch or dinner, except 9.________ special occasions, such as a birthday. If you
want to bring something, it should be small and simple, such 10.________ a book, a box of candy
or a bottle of wine.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 206词 ★★★☆☆
Human speech contains more than 2，000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a”
to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common
than others? A groundbreaking, fiveyear study shows that dietrelated changes in human bite led to
new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages.
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called
labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”， were more common in the languages of societies that ate
softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich,
Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned
(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the
upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构), making it easier to produce
such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture
in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn't have to do as
much work and so didn't grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound
of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably
during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many
huntergatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when
human beings evolved around 300，000 years ago. “The set of speech sounds we use has not
necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of
speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological
change and cultural evolution，” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.
1．Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi's research focus on?
A．Its variety. B．Its distribution.C．Its quantity. D．Its development.
2．Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals?
A．They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B．They could not open and close their lips easily.
C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
3．What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A．Supporting evidence for the research results.
B．Potential application of the research findings.
C．A further explanation of the research methods.
D.A reasonable doubt about the research process.
4．What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds?
A．It is key to effective communication.
B．It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C．It is a complex and dynamic system.
D．It drives the evolution of human beings.
B
2022·福建六校联考 议论文 349词 ★★★☆☆
When was the last time you thought about breathing? Most people usually do not. When we
are healthy, breathing happens naturally and easily. Without much effort on our part, the human
respiratory (呼吸的) system works hard. Experts say we take about 20，000 breaths every day.
One such expert James Hoyt with the University of Colorado's Health Pulmonology (肺科)
Clinic notes that our respiratory muscles are working every minute of the day. A muscle called the
diaphragm (横膈膜) separates the chest and abdominal cavities (腹腔). As we breathe in, the
diaphragm tightens. The chest cavity opens, and the lungs expand. When we breathe out, the
diaphragm relaxes and moves upward, pushing air out.
When you breathe deeply, the air coming in through your nose fully fills your lungs, and the
lower belly (肚皮) rises. On its website, Harvard Medical School notes that deep breathing may
slow the heartbeat, lower blood pressure and stress. Deep breaths help your body fully exchange
incoming oxygen with outgoing carbon dioxide (二氧化碳)．
Several health websites explain an easy deep breathing exercise. Find a place to sit or lie
down. Place one hand just below your ribs. Take a slow, deep breath—or inhale (吸气)—through
your nose. Feel your hand go up. Your stomach should rise and expand. Now breathe out slowly
through your mouth. Make sure to breathe out—or exhale—all the way. Feel your hand and
stomach go down.
The American Lung Association website states that if done repeatedly, breathing exercises
can help remove stale (不新鲜的) air from the lungs. This will increase oxygen levels and get the
diaphragm to return to its job of helping you breathe. Pulmonologist James Hoyt adds：“Deep
breathing is a good way to reduce stress and relax.”
5．What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A．The diaphragm function.
B．The expert Hoyt's study.
C．The respiratory system.
D．The chest cavity.6．What is the main purpose of the author writing Paragraph 3?
A．To describe the incoming of oxygen.
B．To introduce Harvard Medical School.
C．To show the benefits of deep breathing.
D．To share the contents of a US website.
7．According to Paragraph 4, we learn something mainly about ________．
A．an easy deep breathing exercise
B．several American health websites
C．the stomach's rising and going down
D．the explanations of deep breathing
8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Deep Breathing Helps a Lot
B．How Does Breathing Happen?
C．Pulmonologist James Hoyt Succeeds
D．How Will Oxygen Levels Increase?
Ⅲ.书面表达
[2022·成都七中月考]假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚朋友 Alex 听说你校刚刚举办了运
动会，来信询问你相关情况。请给他回信，内容包括：
1．运动会的时间、地点；2.主要比赛项目；3.你最喜欢的项目及理由。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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