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考点 30 阅读七选五-段中设空题（核心考点精讲精练）
1.高考真题考点分布年份 卷别 体裁 词数 主题 话题 设题位置 选项特
语境 段 段 段 征
首 中 尾
新高考全 夹叙夹 313 人与 使用英语词典的经 1 4 0 完整句
国I卷 议文 自我 验、心得与乐趣
新高考全
国** 错 人与 如何避免“过度旅
说明文 297 1 3 1 完整句
误的表达 自然 游”
式 **I卷
2024
人与
年 全国甲卷 说明文 313 适度饮食 1 3 1 完整句
自我
“刺猬”型思维方式
人与
北京卷 说明文 363 和“狐狸”型思维方 1 4 0 完整句
社会
式
浙江1月 人与
说明文 330 在线学习利弊 1 4 0 完整句
卷 社会
新高考全 人与
说明文 321 自我原谅 0 4 1 完整句
国I卷 自我
新高考全
国** 错 人与
说明文 310 开始艺术之旅的建议 1 3 1 完整句
误的表达 社会
式 **I卷
残缺句
人与
2023 全国乙卷 说明文 335 室内植物的好处 0 3 2 ＋完整
自然
年 句
残缺句
人与 成为更有耐心的人的
全国甲卷 说明文 287 1 3 1 ＋完整
自我 技巧
句
人与
北京卷 说明文 255 如何选择高校的建议 1 3 1 完整句
社会
浙江1月
人与 能使火车旅行更舒适
说明文 361 1 4 0 完整句
卷 社会 的建议残缺句
人与 一些外出就餐时要知
全国甲卷 说明文 315 1 3 1 ＋完整
社会 道的一些重要事情
句
残缺句
人与 五种维系异地友谊的
全国乙卷 说明文 316 3 1 1 ＋完整
社会 方法
句
新高考全 人与 如何找到一个一起锻
说明文 332 0 4 1 完整句
国I卷 社会 炼的伙伴
2022
新高考全
年
国** 错 人与
说明文 312 介绍写文章的技巧 1 4 0 完整句
误的表达 社会
式 **I卷
既可以充分利用时间
浙江卷1 人与
说明文 309 又可以快乐放松的有 2 2 1 完整句
月 社会
效建议
浙江卷6 人与 写作都是带有某种目
说明文 338 1 3 1 完整句
月 社会 的的
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
从近三年高考试题对段中句共考查54次。此种题主要考查前后句子的逻辑性和内容的连贯性，和句子之间
的衔接手法。当设空在段中时，通常考查该空与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文之间的街接关系。
1）选材特点：一般为300词左右的短文，以记叙文和说明文常见。
2）设空特点：一般有五种：标题类、主题句类、承上启下类、归纳总结类、语篇拓展类。
【备考策略】
1. 宏观把握文章的篇章结构，理清行文的逻辑线索和文章脉络。当设空处位于首段末尾或段首时，
考虑它是否为总起句或段落主题句，以此作为破题点，便可以快速选出正确答案。
2. 做题时可以圈定一些题干中和选项中的关键线索（比如代词、设空处后的逗号等），这些线索可
以帮助我们排除选项。比如，代词的作用就是指代前面提及的名词或句子，根据指代关系和代词的单复数
差异可以快速解题。
3.【命题预测】
从近三年命题的发展趋势来看，预测2025年高考阅读理解七选五试题仍然以结构鲜明的指导类说明文
为主，段中句也是考查重点，至少设空2-3题。【必备基础知识】
七选五阅读文章体裁以说明文、记叙文为主。语篇模式也较为固定：依次是提出问题、分析问题、最
后是提供解决方案；题目的位置也很固定：有首句、句中、末句与独立成段四种情形；题型的正确选
项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意
义）三类。
[阅读七选五解题四步骤]
第一步：通读全文，掌握大意
阅读七选五多为说明文，寻找主题句是掌握全文主旨大意最有效的方法。说明文的主题句一般是首段的第
一句或第二句，有些会出现在文章的末尾，阅读时要特别关注这些句子。
第二步：阅读选项，标记线索通读完文章，依次快速浏览各个选项，弄清句子的类别和意义，并找出每个
选项中的线索词或关键词，据此初步确定哪个选项应放在文章的哪个位置上。
第三步：详读段落，定位选项了解文章大意和选项内容之后，再细读文章，分析上下文语段之间的逻辑关
系和语义关系，根据所标记的线索词和关键词，进一步确定选项。
第四步：研读选项，排除干扰尽管答案已选出，但为了避免失误，还要对多余的两个选项进行进一步的研
读，确认它们和文章的意义没有关联，最终将其排除。
段中设空的题目即为主题句的展开句。此种题要注意分析前后的逻辑性和内容的连贯性，注意句子之间的
衔接手法。当设空在段中时，通常考查该空与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文之间的街接关系。
常见的逻辑关系包括7类:总分关系、并列关系、递进关系、转折关系, 因果关系、解释关系和例证关系。
01 段中句考查句子之间逻辑关系
一．段中句题型综述
逻辑连接是组织文章最主要的方式，语义逻辑构成了语篇的框架。对常用的逻辑关系了然于心，并在阅读
时能有效地找出其连接的对应点，是学生解答“七选五”的关键。
“七选五”中常见的逻辑连接可以归类为七种：
（1）总分关系：指选项是中心句；
（2）并列关系：指选项与前句或后句在结构或内容上一致；
（3）递进关系：指后句对前句进行补充说明或语义上的延伸；
（4）转折关系；指选项与前句或后句语义相反或相对，后句往往是对前句的修正，表达作者的真正意图；
（5）因果关系：指选项与前后句构成因果关系；
（6）概括阐释：指前句对后句或后句对前句进行归纳概括，若前句归纳，后句即是对前句的具体阐释，
使得概念更加清晰易懂；若后句概括，即后句是对前句所阐释的内容进行意义整合；
（7）例证关系：指后句是前句的具体实例。二、段中设空考题的解题思路
通常考查与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文的衔接。考查要点有: 总分关系、解释关系、例证关系、转
折关系、因果关系、递进关系和并列关系。有时会出现下列衔接词汇或短语结构: first, second, then, next,
later, soon, so, but, however, additionally, what’s more, that is, namely, in other words, for one thing. . . for another
等, 这些词汇和短语结构在文章中起到提示逻辑关系的作用, 是解题时需要重点关注的部分。
1、根据总分关系确定答案
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点:“总”是指总体概括，“分”指的是内容的具体展开；
二是技巧运用:是先“总”后“分”，是先“分”后“总”,还是先“总”后“分”再“总”。
例如：
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37 We slept in a tent, cooked
over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother
Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s
food poisoning.
C. The trip they took me on was a rough one.
F. After the trip, my family became interested in camping.
2、根据解释关系确定答案
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点:提出观点，然后对该观点解释说明；
二是技巧运用:设空处是提出的观点还是对观点的解释说明。
例如：
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés life. French cafésare always crowded. 40 When do these people work? The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so
seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that
independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
3、根据例证关系确定答案
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点:思维上的形象（例子、类比等）和抽象（观点）的辩证关系；
二是技巧运用:是先给例子，再归纳观点;还是先给出观点,再举例说明。
例如：
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. 3 7
Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the
only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
4、根据转折关系确定答案
表示转折关系的连接词有: but但是, however/whereas然而, nevertheless仍然, 然而, 不过, nonetheless尽管如
此, 依然, 然而, still还; 然而, though可是, 不过, 然而, yet然而, in spite of不顾, 不管, at any rate无论如
何, 至少, in any case无论如何, 不管怎样, whoever无论是谁, whatever无论什么, on the contrary正相反,
in contrast 与此相反, 相比之下, by contrast 相反, 相比之下, in comparison 比较起来, 比较地, by
comparison相比之下, conversely相反(地), otherwise否则; 除此以外, not. . . but不是……而是, as well也等。
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点:指英语行文中后句与前句构成逆转逻辑关系；
二是技巧运用:空格前后两句话之间如果是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个表示转折关系的句子。
例如：
“I often send postcards to family and friends.”he says to China Daily,“but you can imagine that after a while,
you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it. 32 ”Seeking other like-
minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet isa place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo’s hunch (直觉)paid off.
A. And that’s totally fine.
B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
5、根据因果关系确定答案
表示因果关系的连词有 as a result/consequently结果, thus/therefore因此, so (such). . . that. . . 如此……以至
于……等。
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点：指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系；
二是技巧运用：是说明了前因后果还是前果后因等情况。
例如：
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 36 So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically
expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the
hallway.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
6、根据递进关系确定答案
表示递进关系的连词有: also也, 而且, further另外(地), furthermore而且, 此外, likewise同样地, 照样地; 也,又,
similarly相似地, 类似地, moreover而且, 再者, 此外, in addition另外, 加之, what’s more更重要的是, too也,还,
either也, neither两者都不, not only. . . but also不但……而且等。
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点:后面的句子是对前面所述内容的进一步解释说明，即行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系；
二是技巧运用:空格前后两句之间如果是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。
例如：
Language is certainly a barrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication
language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in
Chinese, the concept doesn’t work if one doesn’t understand it. 34 So a common language is required and in
postcrossing that’s English since it’s widely spoken.
A. And that’s totally fine.B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
7、根据并列关系确定答案
主要从以下二个方面解题：
一是掌握特点:前后两句是逻辑上的并列关系；
二是技巧运用:寻找表示并列的关系词,如:and, first(ly), second(ly),...; first, then/next, ..;in the first place, in the
second place.; for one thing, for another; to begin with, to conclude等标志性词语。
例如：
What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking? If you can’t take their wine away,
you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台). If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the
kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. 3 9 .
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious
followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what
it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration
and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. ___16___ You’ll want to look back on your
journey to see how far you’ve come.
·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether
you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. ___17___
·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. ___18___ Artistic growth can be a bit painful.
Welcome to the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a
painting every day for a month and post the works online.
·___19___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social
media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my
level of artistic ability.The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ___20___ Push through, give it time and put in the effort.
You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
.
A Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
（2024·湖北黄冈·三模）In our modern economy, accelerated learning can be crucial for success. Learning faster
means gaining more knowledge—quicker than others. 16 Anyone can learn from them and accelerate their
learning process with the following techniques.
Combine Learning Styles That Play to Your Strengths
When you aim to accelerate your learning, what you choose to learn should not be limited to a curriculum or
classroom structure. 17 Different materials along with your learning style can accelerate or slow down
your comprehension process. The best learning style is the one that makes it easier to process, or comprehend ideas,
and subjects faster. Once you know your learning strengths and weaknesses, you can choose learning strategies that
play to your strengths.
Seek First to Understand The Basic Structure of The Topic You Choose
18 So you need to seek first to understand the basics. In other words, you have to get to know the tree’s
root, trunk, then branch out from there. Don’t start from the branches or the leaves, pursue the root and work your
way to the topic. Therefore, whatever topic you choose to learn or study, just start with the basics.
Give Yourself Plenty of Time in Both “Focused” And “Diffused”(分散的)Modes
Normally, the human brain is not meant to stay in “focused” mode for hours at a time. 19
Consequently, when your brain is active for a very long time, you’re actually blocking your access to the diffused
mode — a more relaxed state.
Therefore, diffused mode is just as valuable as the focused mode. So — just take breaks, let your mind
wander, think about other things, and give your brain plenty of time to make better connections. 20
A．You can benefit a lot from staying focused.
B．Smart learners don’t have any special secrets.
C．You should try to choose whatever you like best.
D．Every topic or subject has a logical structure to it.
E．Then you can learn better by imposing breaks on yourself.
F．Long-lasting attention to a single task can block memory and recall.
G．You can practically choose content from many sources, experts, and authors.02 段中句考查词汇线索
1.人称代词或物主代词指代
前文出现过的人或物，再次提到时，为了避免重复，为避免重复，常用人称代词，不定代
词，指示代词，反身代词，以及 such 和 so 指代前文提到的内容。做题时要注意指代的人
称、数的一致性。
it 可指代单数名词或整个句子;
they 或 them 指代复数名词:
one 指代单数可数名词;
ones 指代复数名词;
that 指代不可数名词或句子;
this 指代单数名词或句子:
these 或 those 指代前句的复数名词。
做题过程中要特别关注空后的句子或选项中是否有代词，可以利用指代关系以及代词单复
数形式的差异快速锁定答案。
2.词汇线索---高频词复现（同义词/近义词/上下义词/同一范畴词）
1）复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概
念进行重复描述。
复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。
2）同范畴词出现
同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中
找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越
紧密。
1.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a
perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does
not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don't trust my
laptop's spellchecker. ____37____ Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but
I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise
Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words
whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a
bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. ____39____ However, if I need to check the origin of a
word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the
English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one
definition of "dull". ____40____ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding
experience.
A. I don't often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don't want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
2.[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The
thing is, it’s true. 40. We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to
develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
（2024·河南·模拟预测）How to Create the Perfect Spring Planter
Spring containers are an easy solution for jazzing up a colorless balcony and boring corners of any garden at
this time of year. 16
Choosing the right container is important. Always think about the style of your garden. 17
They are solid pots for spring as they don’t blow over in those early spring winds. Check that the pot has a large
drainage (排水) hole to ensure that the soil drains well, but always cover it with a crock (like a piece from a broken
flower planter) so that the soil doesn’t block the hole and create problems with drainage later down the line.
Choosing the right compost (堆肥) is the key to the success of any planting. I think it’s best to use soil-based
compost so that the soil does not become too heavy or waterlogged, especially in spring when we could have plenty
of showers. 18 And too much water in the soil will freeze, preventing the plants from taking up the
vital water.
Plant combinations are important, so always think about mixes which will last as well as annual andperennial (多年生的) ones. 19 A bunch of pots forces the eye to look around and take in each pot
and plant combination. A nice option is planting summer flowers like Dahlia or Lily to create a summer impact.
20 It can be achieved by using tall plants. If you don’t have a tall plant then you can always raise
your pot off the ground with old house bricks or decorative pot feet, or use steps in your garden to create interest
and drama.
A pleasant smell is always a lovely addition to a space as well as wildlife. Select the right plant for your
location in your garden－sun or shade-loving.
A．I like good, weighty planters.
B．It can still be frosty right up to May.
C．And besides, they are so easy to care for.
D．I also like to group pots together in different sizes.
E．Capitalize on those variations to help choose companions.
F．You may find some of these plants in smaller pots or even multi-packs.
G．Height is important to think about when you’re designing your arrangement.
03 考查前后句子相似结构
句子结构重复出现，常有also等作为标志词。
【2019 年全国卷Ⅱ】Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the
question:“Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two
sides of same coin. ___36___Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
___37___ More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate
yourself , your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then should your
you’re your goals
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself?
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals?
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it
（2024·重庆沙坪坝·模拟预测）A lot of people assume the more work they put in at the gym, and the
longer and harder they push themselves, the better their results will be. 16 But if you want to get the bestgains, the key is to focus on the quality of the work rather than the quantity.
Your body is capable of making only tiny adaptations and improvements at any one time. Once you've given
it enough push to make these changes, any additional work you do after that point won't be making you any better.
17 This is because you'll need longer to recover afterwards. Besides, you won't feel fresh when you start your
next session. Ideally, it's just enough to do the smallest amount of work required to promote growth in every
workout. 18 Thus the minimum amount of exercise brings the maximum physical gains.
19 For example, if a new gym-goer wants to get stronger, he might start a squat (深蹲) workout,
which is made up of ten steps, each having five repetitions. In theory, it's a sensible way for building strength. If
he's only attempted three steps in his previous exercise, it's far from enough. The fourth step would push him past
his previous limit and force adaptation. But the subsequent steps are meant for more professional people. 20
As a general rule, regardless of your experience, aim to only increase the volume of any exercise by one step
from workout to workout.
A．It seems logical.
B．Instead, it'll harm your progress.
C．It's natural that you may want to keep fit.
D．After that, you can stop exercising during the day.
E．Only in this way can you enjoy the benefit of exercise.
F．They would just increase the chance of injury for beginners.
G．How much exercise you need to do depends on your current fitness level.
（最新模拟试题演练）
Passage 1
（2024·江西赣州·二模）Anxiety disorders are a type of mental health condition. Anxiety makes it difficult
to get through your day. Symptoms include feelings of nervousness, panic and fear as well as sweating and a rapid
heartbeat. 1
Have psychotherapy (心理疗法).
Psychotherapy or “talk therapy” can help people with anxiety disorders. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
(CBT) is an example of one type of psychotherapy that can help people with anxiety disorders. It teaches people
different ways of thinking, behaving, and reacting to situations to help you feel less anxious and fearful. CBT has
been well studied and is the gold standard for psychotherapy. 2 It focuses on facing the fears behind an
anxiety disorder to help people engage in activities they have been avoiding. Exposure therapy is sometimes used
along with relaxation exercises. Another treatment option for some anxiety disorders is acceptance and commitment
therapy (ACT). ACT takes a different approach than CBT to negative thoughts.
3Medication does not cure anxiety disorders but often relieves symptoms. Generally, medication can only be
advised by a medical doctor (such as a psychiatrist or a primary care provider). Medications are sometimes used as
the initial treatment of an anxiety disorder. 4 The most common classes of medications used to fight
anxiety disorders are antidepressants, anti-anxiety drugs, and beta-blockers. Be aware that some medications are
effective only if they are taken regularly and that symptoms may appear again if the medication is stopped.
Join support groups.
You are also recommended to join support groups to get their coping strategies. Some people with anxiety
disorders might benefit from joining a self-help or support group and sharing their problems and achievements with
others. 5 Choose the most suitable and believe you’ll make it.
A．Receive medication.
B．Choose the right doctors.
C．It’s a newer form of psychotherapy treatment.
D．Thankfully, there are effective ways to treat anxiety.
E．Besides, you may learn ways to manage anxiety disorders yourself.
F．Exposure therapy is a CBT method that is used to treat anxiety disorders.
G．They can also be adopted if there is no satisfying response to psychotherapy.
Passage 2
（2024·河南驻马店·二模）Imagine being able to update your wardrobe (衣橱) without spending a dollar.
This seemingly too-good-to-be-true idea is entirely possible if you host a clothing swap (交换) party with friends.
Here’s how to go about doing it.
Send out an invitation
Invite the right number of people of more than 10 and less than 20. 6 You can set minimum and
maximum numbers of pieces guests need to bring, if you want. Be clear about what makes a piece swap-worthy, i.
e. no stains, washed, ironed. 7 They can be women’s, children’s clothing, footwear, etc. Remind guests to
bring a bag or box to carry their new finds home and to wear undergarments that facilitate changing.
Set up your living room for the swap
It’s more fun if the space looks like a store, so group like items with like. Fold jeans in a neat pile, clear a
table and make a clothing rack (支架) using a long curtain bar. 8
Make snacks and cocktails
I recently read about a group of mothers in British Columbia who drink Dirty Momma cocktails while
swapping clothing on a regular basis. 9 But stay away from red wine; you don’t want those stains all
over your newfound treasures.
Take turns shopping
1 0 Limit the number of items to three per turn to keep it fair and moving fast. Everybody goes
home with the same number of items that they brought. If two friends have their eye on the same thing, have a
model-off and let the group decide who wears it best. If you’re afraid of hurt feelings, flip a coin instead.
A．Draw lots to pick who shops first.
B．Take all the clothing you bought home.C．It is a common practice to invite guests in Britain.
D．Decide which categories of clothing will be swapped.
E．Establish a changing room and provide full-length mirrors.
F．Give guests at least two weeks to prepare clothing they want to swap.
G．Whether or not your group has an established drink, a cocktail makes the experience more fun.
Passage 3
（2024·辽宁大连·模拟预测）When we are faced with a crisis, or if we have an important decision to
make, many of us fall into the trap of over-thinking. We may keep thinking about something constantly and too
long. 1 How can we stop ourselves from over-thinking?
Doing something to distract yourself is a good idea. You can find working with your hands is especially
good. 2 Your brain simply doesn’t have the resources to split itself into a third activity, for example over-
thinking.
3 Studies have shown that when someone views something in excitement and anxiety, the brain is
forced to become stuck in the present because all of your senses are completely engaged. You do not have time to
focus on something different because your mind is focused on what is stimulating you right now.
Constant wishing, hoping and praying do not give you any relief. They just keep you stuck in one place. But
taking the smallest step off the crisis really matters. It will set things in motion, making you like a snowball. 4
The traps are things that cause your natural ability to react without realizing that there is a connect ion
between the two. Thus, avoiding re levant traps is also a good idea. 5 For example, if one of your
colleagues is so negative that she always drags you down, stop hanging out with her by having lunch alone at a
nearby restaurant.
A．This mindset tends to ruin our day.
B．Put simply, out of sight, out of mind.
C．Just as a saying goes, once bitten, twice shy.
D．Try watching a suspenseful(悬疑的) movie.
E．You are really getting your brain working for you.
F．Thus, you will gradually move yourself out of the feeling.
G．It engages your motor skills as well as your thinking process.
Passage 4
（2024·河北邢台·模拟预测）Don’t Lose Motivation
Many of us have a dream that we would love to achieve. Having dreams is fine, but achieving dreams
requires determination, single-mindedness, courage, and commitment. 6 . Staying motivated can be hard,
especially if you think you are being frustrated frequently.
How, then, do we get motivated? 7 Motivational speakers outline their recipes for success. There are
videos, books, documentaries, and online courses available to anyone seeking motivation.
Our dreams are usually a bit vague (模糊的). 8 . A long-term goal will be the ultimate dream — let’s
say, setting up a new business. Short-term and medium-term goals will be the stages on the road to the final goal.
9 . Their attitude is going to be optimistic and confident, and you can draw on that yourself. Negativethoughts can soon disappear if you are with people who exude (洋溢) positivity.
Often we can learn more from our mistakes than we can from our successes. If we make a mistake, then we
have to analyze why. By thinking about the error, working out what went wrong, and seeking another way of doing
the task, we are learning. We must not see failures as a bad thing. 1 0 .
It is important not to worry about losing motivation. The important thing is to tackle it as soon as you realize
your motivation has gone. Think about why your self-motivation has been lost and then get back on the road to
success.
A．The first step to achieving a dream is to turn it into a series of goals
B．Your plan itself is a source of self-motivation
C．You can keep yourself motivated by mixing with other motivated people
D．Above all, we must feel motivated to fulfill our dreams and remain motivated
E．Review your progress regularly to make sure that you are still on course for success
F．They enable us to avoid the mistake happening another time
G．A whole industry has grown up dedicated to motivating people
Passage 5
（2024·湖北襄阳·三模）All of us want to strive for perfection, don’t we? It could be submitting the perfect
assignment or performing a flawless musical. 6 This is especially so when we are in a large organization,
like a school or company.
When people work as a team, the end product is more likely to be of better quality than if an individual
produces it alone. There is a name for this-synergy (增效) . Now, how does synergy work?
7 Actually, synergy is abundant in the animal kingdom. Remember the clownfish darting (飞奔)
among the sea anemones (海葵) in Finding Nemo? Both creatures demonstrate mutualism at play. The clownfish
hide among the stinging tentacles (触角) of the anemones when their predators come close. In return, the clownfish
scare off the butterfly fish that prey on anemones.
8 From them, we learn that a team that works well together understands the strengths and
weaknesses of each team member. Not only that, the teamleaders and members become proficient when they
exercise specialization. 9
In teamwork, there is much creativity. 1 0 While the occasional conflict may arise when certain
members don’t see eye to eye over an issue, these are few and far between. The team leader will be at hand to ease
tensions when things go wrong.
A．Let’s turn to nature for inspiration.
B．Let’s not wave away the chance to work in teams.
C．Each member will contribute his expertise to benefit the team.
D．However, this ideal circumstance is not always accomplished alone.
E．The clownfish and sea anemone make a clever team in surviving the wild.
F．Team members also offer unique perspectives before reaching an agreement.
G．The clownfish and sea anemone make the ocean bed beautiful, don’t you agree?Passage 6
（2024·安徽·二模）Often our minds paint terrible images of the future. As a therapist, I see this every day.
The everlasting "what ifs" can keep us trapped in a future that does not now and may never exist. These fears take
away the joy and connection we could be experiencing in the present. Still, trying not to worry is rarely effective.
1
Find an anchor.
Anchoring exercises（锚定练习）are meant to root us in something occurring in the present moment. 2
As an anchor does for a boat on the water, these experiences can hold our minds in place in the now.
3
What you intend to do for the present can help keep your eyes on the now. Your intention might be as simple
as "I intend to be kind" or "I intend to enjoy my walk". Focusing just on this intention narrows you into the present.
Permit yourself to feel anxious.
Anxiety can be unpleasant. 4 Giving yourself the freedom to feel this is sometimes necessary to free
yourself from an impossible battle.
Set aside time for planning and seek to keep your worry there.
5 It helps us plan for the future. There can be a time and place for that. Setting aside time for
planning can help you set boundaries with your worry so it can fulfill its duties and so you can take part in yours.
A．Focus your attention on assumptions.
B．Outline an intention just for today.
C．Of course, worrying plays a purpose.
D．These are some alternatives for dealing with fear of the future.
E．It could be an experience like a drink of water, one's breath, or a sound.
F．Yet, trying to make ourselves feel less anxious often results in greater anxiety.
G．It strikes me that I am overwhelmed by things outside my current concerns.
Passage 7
（23-24高三下·江西赣州·期末）Are there life lessons in swimming? Swimming is so much more than just
about the stroke or a good kick. 6 What might it say then?
•Be patient with the things you want to learn. Swimming is very technical and requires lots of practice of
drills and skills. This requires patience and no matter how talented you are, you won’t master swimming within a
week. Regardless of your swimming proficiency (熟练), you will always have something to learn. This makes
swimming amazing yet disappointing. There is always the next step, just like in life. 7
•You learn how to deal with failure and setbacks. It’s not always going to be fair. And things won’t always go
our way. There will be times when no matter how hard we work, the results don’t match our effort in practice.
These moments hurt, and they make you realise you are not as good as you think you are. 8 To overcome.
And to be humble.
• 9 Ever wonder why so many swimmers seem to have superhuman speed when it comes to relay
legs? I’ve seen it so many times, from my own swimming, dropping nearly a second on my best time in the 50 mfreestyle, to Jason Lezak and his otherworldly 46.0 at the Beijing Olympics—there is something that happens when
you race for something besides just yourself.
•Losing is as important as winning. Winning is great while losing is terrible. We can agree to that. 1 0
You will lose many times during your swimming career, but being able to lean across the lane line and shake the
winner’s hand means that you conquered (战胜) yourself. Similarly, being a champion is more than just being the
first swimmer to the wall—it’s being humble in victory, and setting an example for those to come.
Swimming is not only a sport; it is a lifestyle. The lessons that you learn from swimming will follow you
through life.
A．Being a team makes everyone better.
B．You do not always get what you want.
C．It can also speak meaningfully into our lives.
D．But they also teach you how to be mentally tough.
E．It teaches you to be mindful of the process and not to rush things.
F．But I believe that how we do both matters more than the outcome.
G．You need to adopt the daily routines and habits that will get you there.
Passage 8
（2024·湖南衡阳·模拟预测）In a joint effort to enhance public awareness about stroke symptoms and
timely action, health experts have recently illustrated the critical importance of early recognition and immediate
response to stroke signs. Among the experts, Dr. Sonia Lal Gupta and Dr. Vipul Gupta highlighted the FAST
method as a guide for identifying stroke symptoms quickly. 1 .
Understanding Stroke and the FAST Method
Strokes can strike suddenly. They will lead to devastating neurological damage if not addressed promptly.
Dr. Sonia Lal Gupta stresses the suddenness of stroke symptoms. 2 . The FAST stands for Face
drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, and Time to call emergency services. Recognizing these signs can be
the difference between life and death.
3
While some stroke risk factors, such as age and family history, are beyond individual control, Dr. Vipul
Gupta points out that lifestyle choices play a significant role in stroke prevention. High blood pressure, smoking,
and obesity are among the modifiable (可改变的) risk factors. 4 . Adopting a healthy lifestyle can also
largely decrease the likelihood of experiencing a stroke.
Immediate Actions and Treatment
5 . Dr. Vipul Gupta emphasizes the importance of acting swiftly, even if symptoms appear to
recede (逐渐减弱). Early medical intervention can lead to better outcomes and potentially save lives. While
awaiting medical help, keeping the stroke victim calm, comfortable, and still is advised. Depending on the type of
stroke, treatment options may vary.
A．Controllable Factors and Habits
B．Risk Factors and Prevention StrategiesC．Doing regular check-ups is essential for avoiding diseases
D．Individuals can address those factors to lower their stroke risk
E．They emphasized the significance of timely medical intervention
F．Upon recognizing the signs of a stroke, the immediate step is to call emergency services
G．The symptoms can include facial drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulties, and so on
Passage 9
（2024·山西运城·二模）Living in a city, you often see a group of runners emerge around a corner. They
laugh and chat together as their running shoes rhythmically touch the pavement. 6 . Joining such a group
club is great for runners. Here are some reasons to inspire you to become a member of it.
Get more motivation
When you run alone, it is harder to get out of the door and onto the pavement. There is often a convincing
inner voice that whispers to you to simply stay at home! 7 . Your running friends will be looking forward to
seeing you and will miss you if you do not show up.
Become a better runner
8 . Most clubs have coaches or trainers. Trainers can assist you in setting a pace and establishing
realistic and achievable goals, and train you to be the best runner you can be. A coach will develop variety in
running routes and content, making the whole workout so enjoyable that you may perform better without even
realizing how much distance you covered.
9
When you are part of a club, you can make friends with those sharing the same passion. According to a
fitness magazine, runners are known to be a friendly bunch! This offers a sense of belonging, and after a while,
these new partners feel like a warm family and can become lifelong friends.
Feel safe
Most runners choose to run in fall or winter and this may mean going out on a dark evening. When running
alone, it is harder to see the road and you may easily trip or fall due to the darkness. When in a group, you will be
reminded of possible dangers and if there is an accident, people are there to help you. 10 .
A．Develop friendship
B．Become more friendly
C．These runners are often part of a running club
D．This can definitely give you a sense of security
E．When running in a group, you may hit your personal goals more quickly
F．However, being part of a group pushes you to participate in a running event
G．You get encouragement and protection from this group of runners that passed by
Passage 10
（2024·安徽合肥·模拟预测）When faced with a big challenge, maybe you’ve heard this advice before:
“Be more confident.” 6 Take the belief that you are valuable, worthwhile and capable, add in the optimismthat comes when you are certain of your abilities, and then act courageously to face a challenge head-on. This is
confidence.
Then where does confidence come from? There are several factors that affect confidence. Firstly, what
you’re born with, such as your genes. Secondly, how you’re treated. 7 And lastly, the part you have control
over, the choices you make, the risks you take, and how you think about and respond to challenges and setbacks.
And, by keeping in mind a few practical tips, we do actually have the power to cultivate our own confidence.
● Find a quick fix. 8 Picture your success when you’re beginning a difficult task. Do something as
simple as listening to music with deep bass. You can even strike a powerful pose or give yourself a pep talk (鼓舞
士气的话).
● 9 If you’re looking for a long-term change, consider the way you think about your abilities and
talents. If you think they are fixed at birth, you might give up, assuming you’ve discovered something you’re not
very good at. But if you have a growth mindset and think your abilities can improve, a challenge is an opportunity
to learn and grow.
● Practice failure. Face it. You’re going to fail sometimes. Studies show that those who fail regularly and
keep trying anyway are better equipped to respond to challenges and setbacks in a constructive way. 1 0 .
A．Promote feelings of power.
B．But what is confidence?
C．But how can we become confident?
D．Believe in your ability to improve.
E．This includes the social pressures of your environment.
F．They learn how to try different strategies, ask others for advice, and carry on.
G．There are a few tricks that can give you an immediate confidence boost in the short term.
2024年
Passage 1
【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a
perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does
not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don't trust my
laptop's spellchecker. ____37____ Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but
I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise
Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words
whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in abookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000
words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. ____39____ However, if I need to check the origin of a
word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the
English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one
definition of "dull". ____40____ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding
experience.
A. I don't often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don't want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
Passage 2
【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help?
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and
communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___16___
Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making
wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online
posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape,
culture or food deeply draws you. ___17___
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though
overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of
extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. ___18___ Why not try a
regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?
● ___19___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll
compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy
when tourism is traditionally slower.
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege(荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination
special in the first place. ___20___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling?
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then?
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
Passage 3
【2024全国甲卷】What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body
needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____16____ But it doesn't mean saying
goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just
something to eat in between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body
that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, “specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to
mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if
you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____18____
Control emotional (情绪的) eating. ____19____ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant
emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can
regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
____20____ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals
keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until
breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive
system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
.
A Eat properly throughout the day.
B. We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C. Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
Passage 4
【2024北京卷】If you want to develop maximum credibility (可信性), is it better to be a hedgehog (刺猬) or
a fox? According to Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehog knows one thing very well, and the fox knows a lot of things.
Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other? Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes. ___35___ And
they are usually very credible in doing so. According to Jim Hart, the “hedgehog concept” is one of the factors that
lead companies to greatness. They focus on one thing and do it really well. They figure out what they are good at.
___36___ The hedgehog concept makes perfect sense for companies.
___37___ Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the Sunday talk shows who make
predictions about what will happen. He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but
that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions.The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of
sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information. ___38___ They try to include it in their
viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking. They also have a clearer estimation of what they know and
don’t know.
So, which is better? The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style. ___39___ The choice between
being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off. The most effective way to go through life is to try to be that rare
mixture known as foxy hedgehog.
A. In other words, there are clear advantages for each.
B. They are more likely to remember people’s mistakes.
C. Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence.
D. But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing.
E. However, hedgehogs remain open to others’ reactions and inputs.
F. When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional.
G. They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position.
Passage 4
【2024浙江1月卷】In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and
college experience. ___16___ But are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is
right for you? ___17___
We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses, The most obvious advantage
of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ___18___ “I think a point that many people lose
sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to
study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep
you going.
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you
would do with in person courses. ___19___ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It
is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch
your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
___20___ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this
problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate
each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or
schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts.
A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B. Your motivation should be your main concern.
C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education?
D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E. The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade?G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
2023年
Passage 1
【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is
human. ____16____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring?
Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your
personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve
done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing
without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange
thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t
wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The
thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to
develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
Passage 2
【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious
followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what
it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration
and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. ___16___ You’ll want to look back on your
journey to see how far you’ve come.
·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether
you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. ___17___
·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. ___18___ Artistic growth can be a bit painful.
Welcome to the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a
painting every day for a month and post the works online.·___19___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social
media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my
level of artistic ability.
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ___20___ Push through, give it time and put in the effort.
You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
.
A Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
Passage 3
【2023年全国乙卷】Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they
are the unsung heroes of the home. ____16____, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing
by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to
look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants?
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these
species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____17____.
Why are indoor plants good for you?
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “____18____. I find during the winter months,
plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants
can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around
them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or
cooking. ____19____.
Which plants can you grow?
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy
plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and
you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “____20____,” Spoelstra says.
“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also helpG. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
Passage 4
【2023年全国甲卷】Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There
is one answer. ___16___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However,
research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.
___17___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research
suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit
of waiting is to practice. ___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra
minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply
it to other, more annoying situations.
● ___19___.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we
experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to
say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
Passage 5
【2023年北京卷】It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families
as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a
decision. ____35____
When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not
counted in rankings. ____36____
Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching
than courses in higher-ranked universities. ____37____ The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is
surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most
important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.
Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education.
Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding.____38____ Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the
result？ Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates.
____39____ Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with
more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank
schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.
What should students and their families do? They should give strong consideration to universities where high-
quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower.
A. Higher education has achieved its true potential.
B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.
C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.
D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.
E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.
F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.
G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.
Passage6
【2023年浙江1月卷】With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not
book your next domestic vacation on a train? Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. Here is
some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible.
Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly.
36 But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all
the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you
discounted tickets. 37 Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a
day for your meals.
Bring a blanket. When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your
trip is an overnight one. 38 In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold.
Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can
be a disaster. 39 Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times.
Have fun. 40 Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside
the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of
seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts). If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel
one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph.
A．Train trips aren’t for impatient types.
B．You’ll have views from both sides of the train.
C．The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.
D．That’s particularly true during busy summer months.
E．You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.F．Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom.
G．He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner.
2022年阅读理解七选五(说明文)
Passage1
【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your
Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ”
while another read: “___16___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle
(微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner?
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___17___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to
move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a
useful response. ___18___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training
she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It
also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___19___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___20___ Over time, both of you will benefit —
your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your
relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
Passage2
【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process
can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
___16___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write
nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___17___ Don’t
worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a
good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by
learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄
皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a completehighway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision.
___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing
revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can
enter your changes into your word processor. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
Passage3
【2022年全国乙卷】Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to
sustain (保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one
another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___16___.
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted
and what method works best for you both. ___17___. There are alternatives to constant written communication,
such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___18___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the
friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel
abandoned.
· ___19___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might
make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that
keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
___20___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain.
Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever
possible.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to itE. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
Passage4
【2022年全国甲卷】Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___16___. Knowing
some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the
world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down
between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.
___17___ .
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you
to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___18___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch
any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
___19___ . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their
seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various
countries. ___20___ , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
Passage5
【2022 年北京卷】Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various
pressures, we tend to ignore our health. ____35____ It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these
diseases.
____36____ We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be
attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not
have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. ____37____ This does not
definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic
conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. ____38____ For instance, we mustexercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age
groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It
helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. ____39____ This, in turn, gives us
new goals of health and fitness.
A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.
G. This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.
Passage6
【2022年浙江卷6月】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their
Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give
Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____11____
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to
achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____12____ And when writing doesn’t
seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children
write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____13____ You write
“Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
____14____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly
producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal
language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done.
____15____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential
client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
Passage7
【2022年浙江卷1月】I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that
allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed. 11Pick the most important.
12 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. 1 chose the life of an adviser because I like
to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle 1
want.
Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc. 13
Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people your work environment. Find
people in your company who share common interests and develop your career （职业）around the people and
activities you love.
14
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things
that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to
gain back an hour here or there.
Lighten up.
The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress
and keep refining （改进）toward a happy productive existence. 15 Every completion is a small victory that
adds up in a big way.
A. Speed up.
B. Be an active learner.
C. Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
Passage8
【2022年浙江卷6月】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their
Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give
Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____11____
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to
achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____12____ And when writing doesn’t
seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children
write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____13____ You write
“Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
____14____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly
producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal
language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done.____15____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential
client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
2021年阅读理解七选五(说明文)
Passage1
【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which
you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate
the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ____16____
·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and
the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. ____17____
____18____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide
whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save
you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. ____19____ A
history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific
subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. ____20____Note also the facts important for your purpose as
well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to
put the page number and one or two words as a reminder .
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F. You may find yourself having to leam something by heart.
G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
Passage2
【2021年全国甲卷】Swap, Don’t shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge
amount of natural resources（资源）to make, and buying loads of new clothing（or throwing out old clothing）is
not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-themclothes piled on your bedroom floor? ____16____. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes
from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how
much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. ____17____ , and there may not be enough things to
choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
●____18____. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.____19____. Place a few mirrors around
your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be
that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. ____20____. And don't
forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
.
F Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
Passage3
【2021年全国乙卷】According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make
yourself interesting at a dinner party.
___36___, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time.
So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do
you do for a living?”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking
to. ___37___, it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who
were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.
___38___? If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （讲台）.
If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the
situation.___39___.
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a
dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment（赞扬）.
___40___. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?”D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
Passage4
【2021年北京卷】Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people．
____35____ The mental health benefits from music can't be argued．Music could also be helping you with many
other health problems behind the scenes．
____36____However，for the same reason，music can be very beneficial if one is in pain．By distracting
（分心） the mind from the pain，music，people say，can lower stress and anxiety levels．This，of course，
can lead to less pain．
Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed．____37____While the validity of the
idea is still being assessed，the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure．Similarly, according to
researchers，listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels，
through the lowering of stress and anxiety．
When it comes to heart health，there is speculation （推测） that it's not the style of music， but rather the
tempo that makes it so good for your heart health．In one European study，participants listened to music as the
researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure．____38____ On the other hand，when the music
slowed，the participants' stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow
suit．
____39____But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for，
which is what makes music so valuable．
A. This feeling can also result in many other health problems．
B. Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud．
C. This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing．
D. They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep．
E. The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive．
F. It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety．
G. Interestingly，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were．
Passage5
【2021年浙江卷1月】You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need,
head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to
the parking lot. 11 ．
It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster.
Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum
delay. 12 ． Any small interruption - a price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up anentire line.
If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the
probability: 13 ． So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.
Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line-
called a serpentine line - and serve each person at the front with the next available register. 14 ． This is what they
do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish
the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
15 ． It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or
manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C．Some of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E.How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F.With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G.But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
