文档内容
主题 08 人际关系及其维护
主题简析
初中八年级英语中人际关系及其维护主题，紧密关联学生的校园与日常生活，具备显著的实践价值与
教育意义。从语言学习角度，学生能学到 “interpersonal relationship”“communication skill”“conflict
resolution” 等专业表达，以及 “get along well with”“build trust”“show respect” 等实用短语。在
进行阅读与写作训练时，学生通过分析不同场景下人际交往的案例，阐述有效沟通、互相理解、尊重差异
等维护人际关系的方法，不仅能提升语言组织与逻辑思维能力，还能形成清晰的人际交往观念。在校园生
活中，借助这一主题的学习，学生能更好地处理与同学、老师的关系，学会在团队合作中进行有效沟通，
解决人际冲突，增强同理心，提升自身社交能力，实现语言素养与人际交往能力的协同发展 。
词句积累
主题表达示例
一、交往交际
1. 词汇
friendship（友谊）、companion（同伴）、sympathy（同情；共鸣）、cooperation（合作）、understanding
（理解）
2. 短语
make friends（交朋友）、be friendly to（对…… 友好）、share secrets（分享秘密）、help each other（互相
帮助）、join hands（携手合作）
3. 句式
We often share joys and sorrows with our friends.（我们经常和朋友分享喜怒哀乐。）
Making friends enriches our lives.（交朋友丰富了我们的生活。）
Being friendly helps us win more friends.（友好待人帮助我们赢得更多朋友。）
二、矛盾处理
1. 词汇
conflict（冲突）、argument（争吵）、misunderstanding（误解）、apology（道歉）、forgiveness（原谅）
2. 短语
have a conflict with（与…… 发生冲突）、solve problems（解决问题）、clear up misunderstandings（消除误
解）、make an apology（道歉）、forgive sb. for sth.（因某事原谅某人）
3. 句式
Conflicts sometimes occur between friends.（朋友之间有时会发生冲突。）
We should communicate sincerely to solve conflicts.（我们应该真诚沟通来解决冲突。）
Making an apology can mend a broken friendship.（道歉能修复破裂的友谊 。）三、重要性阐述
1. 词汇
essential（必要的）、significant（重要的）、valuable（有价值的）、support（支持）
2. 短语
play an important role in（在…… 中起重要作用）、be beneficial to（对…… 有益）、rely on（依靠）、
provide support（提供支持）
3. 句式
Good interpersonal relationships are essential for our happiness.（良好的人际关系对我们的幸福至关重要。）
Having a wide circle of friends is beneficial to our mental health.（拥有广泛的朋友圈对我们的心理健康有
益。）Valuable relationships provide us with support when we are in trouble.（珍贵的人际关系在我们陷入困境
时为我们提供支持。）
拓展阅读
Interpersonal Relationships and Their Maintenance
Interpersonal relationships play a very important role in our lives, especially during our middle school years.
These relationships can bring us happiness, support, and valuable experiences.
At school, we spend most of our time with classmates. Friendship helps us enjoy school life better. For
example, my best friend and I often share our interests and dreams. We study together, and when I face difficulties,
he always gives me useful advice. Through cooperation, we can achieve more. Last semester, we joined hands in a
group project. By sharing ideas and dividing tasks, we completed it successfully.
However, conflicts are also common in relationships. Once, I had an argument with another classmate. We had
different opinions on how to organize a class activity. We both felt angry at first. But later, we realized that our
conflict could harm our friendship. So, we sat down and talked sincerely. By listening to each other’s views, we
cleared up the misunderstanding. In the end, we found a better way to organize the activity.
Good relationships with teachers are equally important. Teachers not only teach us knowledge but also offer
support. When I got poor grades in an exam, my English teacher noticed my sadness. She encouraged me not to
give up and helped me find ways to improve.
To maintain good relationships, we should always be friendly and helpful. We need to respect others’ opinions
and be ready to forgive their mistakes. Also, effective communication is the key to solving conflicts.
By building and maintaining good interpersonal relationships, we can lead a more meaningful and colorful
school life.
参考译文：
人际关系及其维护
人际关系在我们的生活中，尤其是中学时期，发挥着极其重要的作用。这些关系能给我们带来快乐、
支持以及宝贵的经历。
在学校，我们大部分时间都和同学在一起。友谊让我们能更好地享受校园生活。比如，我和我最好的朋友经常分享彼此的兴趣和梦想。我们一起学习，当我遇到困难时，他总会给我提出有用的建议。通过合
作，我们能取得更多成就。上学期，我们携手参与了一个小组项目。通过交流想法、分工协作，我们成功
完成了任务。
然而，人际关系中冲突也很常见。有一次，我和另一位同学发生了争吵。在如何组织班级活动的问题
上，我们意见不一。一开始，我们都很生气。但后来，我们意识到冲突可能会损害我们的友谊。于是，我
们坐下来真诚地沟通。通过倾听彼此的观点，我们消除了误会。最终，我们找到了更好的活动组织方式。
和老师建立良好的关系同样重要。老师不仅教给我们知识，还给予我们支持。当我一次考试成绩不理
想时，我的英语老师注意到了我的低落情绪。她鼓励我不要放弃，并帮助我找到提高成绩的方法。
为了维护良好的人际关系，我们应该始终保持友好、乐于助人。我们需要尊重他人的意见，并且乐于
原谅他人的错误。此外，有效的沟通是解决冲突的关键。
通过建立和维护良好的人际关系，我们能拥有更加有意义、丰富多彩的校园生活 。
综合演练
1
During the National Day holiday, many people want to find dazi (搭子) or activity partners (伙伴) on
Xiaohongshu or Weibo for travelling. The activity of finding dazi is a new way of social contact (社会交往) for
young people.
The idea of this activity is easy. It helps people to find someone who has the same interest as them and it
doesn’t take much time. With one or a few dazi, people have more fun in the activities they are interested in.
Ge Jinyuan is a high school student from Shandong. She likes talking with her meal dazi when she is having
lunch. “We love to share our ideas on the food,” said the girl. “If my meal dazi doesn’t come to school one day, I
will be sad.”
“It takes a lot of time to make friends with others. But it doesn’t need much time to have a dazi,” said Shi
Zhimin, a student from Shanxi. Ge also has the same idea. She doesn’t want to spend too much time making
friends, so having a dazi is good for her. She can feel relaxed and then has more time to study.
Dazi is usually helpful but it can be dangerous. People may lie on the Internet. For example, a young and
beautiful girl on the Internet may be an old, short and heavy man in real life. So think twice before finding dazi.
1．What is dazi?
A．It’s a new way of reading. B．It’s a new way of exercising.
C．It’s a new way of keeping healthy. D．It’s a new way of social contact.
2．According to the passage, people like finding dazi because ________.
A．they have the same idea about food
B．they want to spend more time with others
C．it helps people make friends from different places
D．it doesn’t take much time to find someone with the same interest
3．What does Ge Jinyuan like doing when having lunch?
A．Watching some videos on Douyin. B．Talking to her meal dazi.C．Reading her Weibo. D．Listening to music.
4．What does the underlined word “lie” in the last paragraph mean in Chinese?
A．直播 B．评论 C．撒谎 D．募捐
5．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．Dazi: A New Way to Find Activity Partners
B．Know the Culture of Dazi in China
C．Having a Dazi: More Fun, More Time
D．Dazi: A Dangerous Way to Make Friends
2
Not long ago, a renter (租客) put a video online and told a touching story between him and the house owner.
Many people were touched.
The renter, Mr. Kang, said in the video that his wife came to Shanghai to work in 2017 and rented a room.
He met her later and they fell in love. Every time Kang visited her, the house owner would cook meals for them. So
they called him “ uncle” .
In 2020, the couple (夫妇) got married (结婚) and thought about moving out to live on their own. But
Kang’s wife didn’t want to leave “ uncle” and “ uncle” didn’t want to leave them, either. So they didn’t move out at
last.
“‘Uncle’ loves sweet food. However, after he knew about our eating habits, he always made our favorite
food. He respects (尊重) our daily life.”
“One time, when I got back home from work, I smelled the hotpot (火锅). ‘Uncle’ prepared it for us as he
rightly thought we wanted to eat hotpot.”
In 2022, the couple had a daughter, and “ uncle” began to look after her. “‘ Uncle’ spends much time looking
after and playing with her. Every Spring Festival, ‘ uncle’ gives her hongbao and our kid calls him ‘grandpa ’.”
For the couple, they and “ uncle” are a family. The 71-year-old “ uncle” lived alone after his wife died in
2017.
About the future, they are planning to settle down in Shanghai, but they still need to work hard to buy a
house.
“But for now, we will live here. We are like a family,” Kang said.
1．Mr. Kang’s wife started to work in Shanghai in________ .
A．2017 B．2020 C．2022 D．2024
2．The couple finally________ after they got married.
A．moved out to live on their own
B．went back to their hometown
C．went on living with “uncle”
D．bought a house with their hard work
3．What does the underlined phrase “settle down” probably mean in Chinese?
A．暂住 B．定居 C．租房 D．离开4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．At first, when Mr. Kang met his wife in Shanghai, they cooked by themselves.
B．Before the house owner knew the couple, he liked hotpot very much.
C．The house owner lives happily with the couple just like they are a family.
D．By working hard, the couple finally bought a house in Shanghai in 2022.
5．What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．A renter’s family meet lots of problems when they are in Shanghai.
B．A touching story between a renter’s family and the house owner.
C．A 71-year-old house owner began to live alone because his wife died.
D．A renter’s family show their love for Shanghai.
3
In Lulea, a city in northern Sweden, people are asked to say “hello” to each other more often. The new
campaign (活动) is called Säg hej! , meaning “say hello”. It is a simple way to connect people, but a very big step
for the city.
The sun only shines around three hours a day in the winter months in Lulea. People usually like to stay warm
at home alone. They always feel lonely. While most people believe that loneliness is the commonest among the
elderly who usually live alone, the opposite is true. It is actually rising in young people and it has a bad influence
(影响) on their mental and physical health. A study about Lulea found that 45% of 16 to 29-year-olds were
experiencing problems because of loneliness.
Asa Koski, who works for the city, came up with the idea of the Säg hej! campaign. “The city is developing
fast and more people are coming. We don’t just want Lulea to grow to be a big city. We also want it to be a safe,
friendly and happy place where there’s culture, relaxing activities, and sports,” Koski said. “Greeting people makes
them feel like they belong. Research shows that it is good for people’s health and makes people want to help each
other. If you say hi to your neighbors, you are more likely to help them,” Koski said.
The activity is now being encouraged on buses and in schools. There are even workshops on how to greet
one another. Many people agree that saying hello should be encouraged and believe that the more international (国
际的) the city becomes, the friendlier people will become. “It’s really good that people say hello to each other,” 61-
year-old Pontus Wikstrom, said. “It means that people who meet without knowing each other become a little bit
happier.”
1．What do we know about the people in Lulea?
A．The elderly are the loneliest.
B．Many young people live alone.
C．The cold weather makes them lonelier.
D．They keep a distance when talking to each other.
2．Koski started the campaign of Säg hej! to _______.
A．encourage people to stay healthy B．invite people to travel around Lulea
C．let more people know about the city D．create a better environment for people3．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Greeting people. B．Helping each other.
C．Living in the city. D．Taking part in activities.
4．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．A new campaign brings people together
B．The next international city saying hello to you
C．Loneliness has become a big problem in Lulea
D．People’s way of life in Lulea needs to be changed
4
Do you have any experiences like these? When the teacher asks if anyone can speak in front of the class, you
lower your head. When you go to the restroom or dining hall, you always try to find someone to go with you
because you are afraid of being seen alone.
Well, many people have these kinds of experiences. They are feeling social anxiety (社交焦虑), or worrying
about things like talking, going to a party or being the center of attention. A recent study from China Youth Daily
showed that about 45 percent of the 1,500 interviewers (受访者) said they experienced this social anxiety.
Stefan Hofmann, an expert from Boston University, said that social anxiety is a result of the fear that we will
not be welcome. For Chinese kids, there’s another reason for their anxiety Shu Man from East China Jiaotong
University said, “Most of them are the only child in their families, so they don’t have many chances to practice
their social skills.”
“However, you don’t have to worry too much about social anxiety. You only need to ask the doctor for help
if you can’t live a normal life,” said Li Songwei from Tsinghua University. Shu Man advised that you should go to
public places more often, and try thinking about something happy when you are really nervous.
1．How many people experienced social anxiety in the recent study?
A．About 45. B．About 675. C．About 1,544. D．About 1,589.
2．If a Chinese kid has social anxiety, it may be because he/she ________.
A．is too shy to speak B．is afraid to talk to others
C．has no brothers or sisters D．has no close friends
3．If you have social anxiety, you can ________.
A．go to public places B．keep quiet by yourself
C．stay at home alone D．watch some sad movies
4．Which of the following is NOT true according to this passage?
A．If we have social anxiety, we can ask doctors for help.
B．We don’t have to worry too much about social anxiety.
C．Chinese children have more chances to practice their social skills.
D．Social anxiety is a result of the fear that we will not be welcome.
5．You may read this passage in a ________.
A．poster B．letter C．notice D．magazine5
It’s always easier to say “Yes” because most of us want to please others. Somebody asks you to go for a
party but you have tests the next day, or to take part in the activities you don’t like at all! Though your heart is
crying “NO”, you find the word “Yes” come out of your mouth. However, it usually causes anger—not only for the
person who asks you, but also for yourself for not being strong enough.
Lisa Messenger, the Collective Hub CEO, said in her first few years of business, many people asked her to
talk over a coffee. She had to stop what she did to join in their talking. As a result, she didn’t have time to do her
own work.
Messenger finally learned to refuse like “No, I’m sorry, but I don’t have time.” She believes if you say
“Yes”, you will regret (后悔) later. Or your heart will be filled with guilt, fear or anger because you don’t want to
do the thing. So, you need to be brave enough to say “No” at first.
Janine Garner, CEO of The LBD Group, believed we need to know about our goals clearly. Garner said,
“Stop doing the things that take up (占据) too much your time. Nobody else will care about your time. Take a good
look at the time spent on others. You really should spend it on yourself. Then you can achieve the best of you.”
1．The writer leads in the topic by ________.
A．telling a story B．giving examples C．making a survey D．asking questions
2．What does the underlined word “guilt” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese?
A．惊慌 B．欢乐 C．疑惑 D．内疚
3．We can learn from the passage that now Messenger ________.
A．knows how to refuse others politely B．always agrees to help her workmates
C．likes drinking coffee in her work time D．feels angry when she can’t help others
4．Which opinion would Janine Garner probably agree with?
A．Offering help is the key to make friends.
B．Helping others may make you successful.
C．You’d better say “No” bravely if necessary.
D．You should achieve the best of you by stopping wasting time.
5．What’s the structure of the passage? (①-Paragraph 1)
A． B． C． D．
6
In the modern world, we read different kinds of news every day. However, sometimes wed read some pieces
of news only once and forget them, then we move on to the next piece. Have you ever read some “single-use”
news? When you heat “single-use”, you might think of something like chopsticks (筷子) from fast food restaurants.
You use them once, throw them away and forget about them.
“Single-use” was chosen as Collins Dictionary’s “Word of the Year” (年度词汇). The idea of single-use is
not just about real objects that we can touch or see. It also includes the ways that we communicate.On social media (媒体), we see pictures, news and articles everywhere. We look, laugh and keep scrolling
(滚屏). We never look twice. This is called single-use media. It’s all about sharing the small things of our lives. For
example, I know what restaurant all of my friends went to last night. However, I don’t know their true feelings
about serious problems. I don’t even know what their dinner tasted like. I look at their pictures and give them a
“Like”. Then I “throw it away” and keep scrolling.
Social media nowadays makes it very easy for us to forget what we have lost. Before we use social media
and send messages on the phone, we communicated by talking. We had to remember or write down important
things. Many people also communicated by writing letters, which took time and energy. They had to think carefully
about each sentence. People treasured (珍视) and kept letters for years. On social media, we regard our friends and
family as cheap chopsticks. It’s simple and efficient (有效率的) in use, but we don’t spend time sharing little pieces
of our ideas and feelings any more. It’s time to take action for a change.
1．The underlined word “single-use” in the first paragraph means “_________” in Chinese.
A．被重复的 B．一次性的 C．很流行的
2．From the passage, we know that single-use_________.
A．is only about real adlects
B．is about using things online
C．includes the ways we communicate
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Social media makes it hard to realize what we’ve lost.
B．People used to treasure letters because they were as useful as chopsticks.
C．We know our friends’ true feelings about serious problems through single-use media.
4．According to the passage, we have lost_________ after social media becomes popular.
A．the ability of using the Internet
B．the interest in sending messages
C．the real communication with thoughts and feelings
5．From the passage, we know_________.
A．we should treasure our friends and family by telling them how we think and feel
B．friends are like chopsticks, and we should use them only when we need them
C．there is no seed to save the letters from friends because they are not meaningful
7
Ben could hear strong winds outside his home that afternoon. Black clouds were making the sky very dark.
With no light outside, it felt like midnight. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.
Everyone in the neighborhood was busy. Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his
mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. She also put some candles and matches on the table.
Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. After
dinner, they tried to play a card game, but it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside.
Ben could not sleep at first. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. Whenhe woke up, the sun was rising. He went outside with his family and found the neighborhood in a mess. Fallen
trees, broken windows and rubbish (垃圾) were everywhere. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the
neighborhood together. The storm broke many things apart, but it brought families and neighbors closer together.
1．What does the underlined sentence “it felt like midnight” mean?
A．There were strong winds. B．It was very dark.
C．There was no light at home. D．It was late at night.
2．Why was Ben’s dad putting pieces of wood over the windows?
A．To rebuild the house. B．To protect his family.
C．To decorate the windows. D．To keep himself safe.
3．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Ben put some candles and matches on the table.
B．Ben’s family had fun playing cards after dinner.
C．Ben couldn’t fall asleep before the wind became weak.
D．Ben’s family cleaned up their house together with neighbors.
4．Which of the following can best describe Ben?
A．Warm-hearted. B．Mad. C．Clever. D．Lazy.
5．What can be the best title for the text?
A．A Terrible Rainstorm B．Ben and His Neighbors
C．The Rainstorm Did Great Harm D．The Storm Brought People Closer Together
8
When we talk about communication, we often think of communicating with others. But do you know that we
also do communication with ourselves from time to time? Picture this: Your mom asks you what you would like for
breakfast. Many foods come to your mind: pancakes, bread, porridge... You think that it would be great to have
pancakes. Until you tell your mom what you want to eat, you are communicating with yourself.
We call this kind of communication intrapersonal communication (自我沟通). This can be talking to
ourselves, reading, writing, thinking, understanding and remembering something.
Intrapersonal communication plays a big role in our lives. Good intrapersonal communication allows you to
understand yourself better. When you’re comfortable with who you are, and you know what you want, you can
better get on with yourself. Also, intrapersonal communication helps you to keep an eye on your thoughts and
feelings. When you find that your mind is full of negative (消极的) thoughts and feelings, and they make you sad,
you will try to cheer up and get rid of these bad thoughts and feelings.
What’s more, intrapersonal communication helps with your communication with others. Understanding your
thoughts and feelings better allows you to put yourself in others’ shoes when you talk to or listen to them. Then,
you can better understand and get on with them.1．How does the writer explain the idea of intrapersonal communication in Paragraph 1?
A．By showing some facts. B．By providing numbers.
C．By giving an example. D．By asking and answering a question.
2．From Paragraph 3, we can learn about the ________ of intrapersonal communication.
A．right ways B．good points C．problems D．rules
3．What do the underlined words “get rid of” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese?
A．摆脱 B．看待 C．珍惜 D．参与
4．What is the structure of the text? (P-Paragraph)
A． B． C． D．
5．What is the best title for the text?
A．The Importance of Communication
B．Learn to Communicate with Yourself
C．How to Communicate Better with Others
D．Get Rid of Negative Thoughts Through Communication
9
①Playing team sports like soccer, basketball, and volleyball is a great way for kids to keep moving and stay
fit. These sports not only help their bodies but also give them important lessons for life.
②First, team sports show kids how to work together. When they play on a team, they have to help each other
to win. This teaches them to talk and support each other, which is helpful in all parts of life.
③Next, playing team sports can make kids feel better about themselves and be more sure of their abilities.
When kids help their team win, they will feel proud. This good feeling can help them believe in what they can do
and make them feel better about who they are.
④Also, team sports help kids learn to manage (管理) their time. Kids who play sports have to fit in school,
practice, and games. They know obeying discipline (纪律) is really important by doing teamwork. This teaches
them to understand what the most important thing is and use their time well.
⑤Finally, being on a team is good for making friends and getting closer to people they have already known.
For many kids, their teammates are like a second family.
⑥So, team sports are really important for how kids grow up. They help their bodies, minds,and social life in
ways that can make their whole life better.
1．How does playing team sports help children develop life skills?
A．By teaching them how to cook.B．By teaching them to work together.
C．By showing them how to build a house.
D．By helping them learn a new language.
2．What is the 4th paragraph mainly about?
A．Team group helps save time.
B．Team group helps create friendship.
C．Doing team sports can get proud feelings.
D．Doing team sports helps learn time management.
3．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Team sports are popular with people of all ages.
B．Team sports can improve kids’ health.
C．Team sports do offer children many advantages (好处).
D．Team sports are better than exercising alone.
4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? (P= Paragraph)
A． B．
C． D．
10
If a friend gives us a big help, it’s a good idea to write him a thankyou note. But how many of us can sit
down to do this?
“People don’t seem to give thanks to people quite often,” Amit Kumar from the University of Texas said.
Why are people uncertain about sending thankyou notes? And how do people feel when they receive (收到) one?
Kumar and his team asked some students to send a thankyou note to another person by email. Then, they
asked both the writer and the recipient how sending or receiving these notes made them feel.
They found that the students didn’t like to write the notes because they had to think too much about them.
They worried about what to say and how to say it. The receiver, however, enjoyed the notes. “When you are a
receiver you can feel the warmth of the note,” one of the receivers said.
The writers also thought it might be embarrassing (尴尬的) for the receiver to receive a thankyou note, but
this was not true. “The receivers feel quite happy,” Kumar said. “They don’t really feel awkward at all.”
“If people know that writing a thankyou note could have such a big influence (影响) on others, they will doit more often,” Kumar said.
“Simple, small changes in our everyday lives can make a big difference in how we treat other people, so start
from writing the thankyou note,” Kumar said.
1．From Amit Kumar, we can know that people ________.
A．don’t often write thankyou notes B．feel happy writing thankyou letters
C．like to say thank you when they get helpD．feel awkward when receiving a thankyou letter
2．What does the underlined word “recipient” mean in Chinese?
A．求助者 B．写信者 C．劳动者 D．收信者
3．Why don’t people like to write thankyou notes?
A．Because they have few friends to write to. B．Because they worry about what to write.
C．Because they don’t want to say thank you. D．Because they think it takes too much time.
4．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Take Time to Thank Others B．Be Ready to Help Others
C．Try to Make a Big Surprise D．The Way to Write a Thankyou Note
11
When we buy a house, we all want to have nice neighbors, because most of us think that it is helpful to live
with some good neighbors. But what kind of neighbor is good? The answers are different from people to people.
Here are my answers.
First, it is very important to respect (尊重) each other. If our neighbors try to know more about our life, how
will we feel? He or she may also talk with others about our life. Do you want to live with him or her any more? The
answer is “No”. We will feel very annoyed to have this kind of neighbors and move away quickly.
Next, a good neighbor is always ready to give us a hand when we need him or her. For example, if we are not
at home, our good neighbors will watch our house for us.
Finally, a good neighbor should love the environment. He or she never puts rubbish (垃圾) here and there,
because the good environment can make us comfortable and happy.
I think we all should learn to be good neighbors, and I also hope everyone will have good neighbors and live
a happy life.
1．We want to have nice neighbors because ______.
A．they can share food with us B．it is helpful to live with good neighbors
C．they can make us feel nervous D．they can make our life rich
2．The underlined word “annoyed” in Paragraph 2 means “______”.
A．angry B．lucky C．excited D．glad
3．We’ll feel ______ in a good environment.
A．tired and sick B．strong and bored
C．cold and free D．comfortable and happy
4．The structure (结构) of the passage should be ______. (Paragraph 1=①, …)A． B．
C． D．
