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选择性必修第一册 Unit 1 Food matters
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Comfort food makes a person feel good.Food high in sugar or fat tends to improve mood by
stimulating the brain’s reward system.So it makes sense that many of us may turn to food for
comfort in times of stress.There’s some fascinating research that examines food as a source of
comfort.However，the most interesting thing about this research may be that foods are far less
comforting than we tend to believe they are.
Traci Mann，a professor of psychology，and colleagues conducted a series of study with
college students.The researchers examined how much comfort foods actually improve mood.They
provided students with one of the three foods that they had indicated were their top personal
comfort foods.After producing a negative mood by having them watch movie clips designed to
increase their sadness，anger and anxiety，the researchers offered the students their comfort food.
They had to assess(评估) how they felt before and after they were supposedly comforted by
ice cream，pizza or whatever they had indicated they typically ate to feel better.All of the students
completed the study on two separate occasions: once when they were able to eat their comfort food
and once when they were able to eat another food they liked，but they wouldn’t call a comfort
food.The researchers found that comfort food did improve students’ moods—but only by a little
bit and not more than the other food they liked.
In another study，comfort food was compared to no food at all，and students’ moods
seemed to improve even when they didn’t eat anything—most likely just due to the passage of
time.
The take-home message from the studies? While the comfort food may make the person feel
better for the time being，it does little to address emotional problems.Of course，everyone can
indulge(沉溺) in a comfort food from time to time，but overall，aim for these instances to be the
exception rather than the rule.
1．Which aspect of comfort food do Traci Mann’s studies focus on?
A．The means by which it affects mood.
B．Its role in reducing negativity.
C．The extent to which it lifts mood.
D．Its impact on physical health.
2．How were the studies carried out?
A．By comparing students’ feelings on different occasions.
B．By observing students’ different reactions to foods.C．By analyzing questionnaires about comfort foods.
D．By collecting data about people from all walks of life.
3．What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?
A．To explain a rule. B．To introduce a concept.
C．To present a fact. D．To make a suggestion.
4．What is a suitable title for the text?
A．Feeling Negative? Try Comfort Food
B．Comfort Food May Not Work Wonders
C．The Science Behind Comfort Food
D．Comfort Food Tend to Be Unhealthy
B
One research suggests that as much as 25% of apples,20% of onions and 13% of potatoes
grown in the UK are destroyed because they don’t look right.This means that producers’ efforts
to meet stringent_specifications from buyers can lead to perfectly eatable produce being thrown
away before it even leaves the farm simply because of how it looks.
In recent years there has been a growing trend of selling such “ugly” fruit and
vegetables，both by major supermarket chains，as well as special retailers(零售商) that sell boxes
of such produce.And research has shown that 87% of people say they would eat imperfect fruit and
vegetables if they were available.But other research indicates consumers can still be picky and
difficult to predict.One study showed consumers are likely to throw away an apple with a spot，but
would eat a bent cucumber.
So how can producers and retailers boost the amount of non-standard fruit and help that not
only reaches our shelves，but also our plates? Our recent research suggests a specific channel for
selling ugly produce would increase profits for growers，lower prices for consumers and boost
overall demand for produce.Our research also shows that selling the ugly produce in this way is
likely to increase total demand for fruit and vegetables，while also decreasing on-farm loss.
However，the growing market for ugly fruit and vegetables could be an economic threat to
traditional retailers.It encourages new businesses into the market and could also limit the
availability of “regular” produce because growers could become less stringent about ensuring
produce meets traditional outside standards.
But there is a way for traditional retailers to add ugly produce into their product offerings
alongside other produce without affecting their profits.By building on existing consumer awareness
of the environmental benefits of ugly food，they could also compete in this growing market.This
would possibly lead to less food waste and shortages.
5．What does the underlined part “stringent specifications” in paragraph 1 probably
mean?
A．Urgent needs. B．Tight schedules.C．Strict standards. D．Temporary requirements.
6．What can we infer from paragraph 2?
A．People are no longer particular about their food.
B．Most people accept imperfect fruit and vegetables.
C．“Ugly” fruit and vegetables are sold at lower prices.
D．87% of the customers prefer good-looking vegetables.
7．What is the influence of selling ugly produce?
A．Ruining people’s appetite. B．Reducing “regular” produce.
C．Discouraging vegetable growers. D．Resulting in unfair competition.
8．In which section of a newspaper is this passage most likely to appear?
A．Market. B．Recycling. C．Health. D．Science.
Ⅱ.七选五
You’ve probably heard of a hybrid(杂交物种)in films or books.The centaurs in the Harry
Potter films are hybrids of human and horse.__1__
Hybridization occurs in both plants and animals.__2__ What’s more，many plants that
people eat，from strawberries to carrots，corn and potatoes，have been created by hybridization.
Cross-breeding(杂交) sometimes occurs when animals’ normal territory overlaps(部分重
叠)．__3__ The grolar bear is a hybrid that happens when grizzly and polar bears mate.As the
environment warms，grizzlies in Alaska and Canada wander further north，bringing them into
contact with polar bears.
Artificial mixing often happens in zoos，where different species that don’t normally meet in
the wild can be introduced to each other.Ligers(lion and tiger hybrids) are unlikely to occur in
nature，because the only place that their habitats overlap is the Gir Forest in India.__4__ Mixed
species are more likely to be born with health issues than other animals.Most hybrids born in zoos
are infertile，which means they are unable to have babies.However，many cross-breeds born in
the wild，like the grolar bear，can have their own babies.
__5__ “It’s part of the evolutionary process，” he says.Fertile hybrids can lead to the
creation of a new species and increase the variety of living things.
A．Wildlife conservation is of significance.
B．Did you know hybridization is a biological process?
C．That’s due to habitat destruction or changing climate.
D．Did you know that hybrids appear in the natural world，too?
E．Jimmy believes species hybridization in nature is a good thing.
F．Many conservationists think that creating hybrids is a bad thing.
G．Living things，especially plants，will naturally hybridize in the wild.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Chick-fil-A is known for their incredible customer service.But the restaurants often findspecial ways to __1__ in times of crisis，too.And this North Carolina Chick-fil-A helped Hurricane
Florence relief __2__ by opening its doors on Sunday.
You’ll always hear “My pleasure” from Chick-fil-A __3__ when they serve you.And the
Wilmington，North Carolina Chick-fil-A，owned by Donovan and Nikki Carless，was quick to
serve locals on Sunday after Hurricane Florence left thousands of people __4__.
By then，the hurricane had already __5__ the lives of 43 people.Rescue missions __6__
around 5,000 people from dangerous conditions.And the Governor of North Carolina ，Roy
Cooper，announced that floodwaters were still a(n) __7__ to the state.
With this in mind，the restaurant owners asked their employees who would be __8__ to serve
food on Sunday.It’s a day the company usually closes.But on this particular Sunday，the doors
opened and served the miserable __9__.
According to ABC News 11，the team __10__ the opportunity to help.__11__ the Red
Cross ， the team was able to give 500 sandwiches and 1,200 biscuits at three different
__12__.Other fast-food chains also __13__ in rescue work.And this is __14__ what community is
all about.In times like these，it’s always __15__ to see businesses put their bottom dollar aside
and instead look to see how they can give back.
1．A.remain B．respond C．reflect D．refresh
2．A.effort B．fund C．supplies D．staff
3．A.leaders B．residents C．colleagues D．employees
4．A.motionless B．fearless C．homeless D．speechless
5．A.claimed B．lost C．confirmed D．dominated
6．A.hid B．separated C．recovered D．distinguished
7．A.warning B．threat C．reminder D．interruption
8．A.proud B．reliable C．curious D．willing
9．A.victims B．villagers C．rescuers D．attackers
10．A.opened up B．waited for C．benefited from D．jumped at
11．A.In command of B．In reward for C．In association with D．In contrast to
12．A.companies B．habitats C．shelters D．settlements
13．A.engaged B．delighted C．succeeded D．invested
14．A.merely B．surely C．probably D．truly
15．A.challenging B．inspiring C．astonishing D．puzzling
Ⅳ.语法填空
A family dinner is an important tradition 1.____________(celebrate) Spring
Festival.Nowadays ， some people choose to have the dinner in a restaurant.We
2.____________(eat) out for the Spring Festival family dinner for the last three years，and we
have enjoyed it no less than eating at home.I don’t understand 3.____________ some people
refuse to embrace the change.Can’t they admit that the 4.____________(preparation) for the dinner are hard work? I really
don’t think 5.____________ is worth the effort of spending so much time preparing for a single
meal，and then another hour cleaning up the mess 6.____________ it’s over.We work all year，
so why can’t one day be about spending time with family and 7.____________(relax)?
Eating out is a good choice and it has nothing to do with loss of traditions.We still have the
dinner with the same people ， just in a different place.The occasion is more
8.____________(enjoy) without all that tiring cooking，and the dishes taste better!
In my opinion，what or where we eat on Spring Festival Eve really 9.____________(make)
no difference.Eating out may change the form of this tradition，but the love between the family
members sitting around the table together remains 10.____________ same.
Ⅴ.应用文微写作
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Johnny对中国美食很感兴趣，他想让你推荐一种中国传
统美食。请给他回信，内容包括：
1．推荐的美食；
2．推荐的理由；
3．希望有机会来中国品尝美食。
范文补全
Dear Johnny，
Knowing that you’re interested in Chinese food，I’d like to recommend you dumplings.
The reasons for my recommendation are as
follows.1.________________________________________________________________________
____________________________(被公认为中国文化的象征，饺子是几乎中国每个地方的人
都喜欢的一种传统食物).2.________________________________(正如俗话所说)，“Nothing
tastes better than dumplings.” Dumplings are easy to make and they are
delicious.3.______________________________________________________________(通常饺子
里 面 是 白 菜 和 猪 肉 或 者 其 他 东
西).4.___________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________(更重要的是，家里做的饺子通常和思乡有关，因为各家
的味道和馅儿都不一样)．
I hope you can come to China to taste Chinese food some day.
Yours，
Li Hua
