文档内容
选择性必修第三册 Unit 5 Poems
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(★)
Poetry Writing Contest
Contest information
Deadline：November 30th
Results：Announced on December 31st
Prizes：Win $1,600 in prize money
Guest judges：Ken Liu，Brian Evenson，and Faylita Hicks
Entry requirements
Your poetry can be laid out as you wish，as we understand that form often relates to the effect
of a poem.However，please be sure to stick to a maximum of 3 pages per poem.
Submission guidelines
We accept works，written in English，from anywhere in the world.But we don’t accept
works previously published elsewhere.
Writers over the age of thirteen are welcome to participate.Please note that if you’re aged 13
－16 and your work is selected for publication，we’ll require a signature from a parent or a
guardian.
Please include your name and contact information in your cover letter only and remove any
identifying information from both the submitted work and the file name.
We edit every piece accepted for publication whether your work is selected for publication
through our online blog or in our print magazine.For this cooperative process we’ll pair you with
one of our senior editors.All our editors have been trained to help guide the development of each
piece to reach its fullest potential in keeping with the author’s vision.This doesn’t mean we’ll
take on a wild jumble of words and half-formed thoughts.
Notes
The contest reserves the right to NOT award a winner if the submissions don’t reach a
publishable standard.In this case，the winner won’t be announced.Although this has rarely come
to pass in our six-year publishing history，our top priority must remain with the quality of the
work we publish.
1．What do you have to avoid in order to participate in the contest?
A．Writing a 3-page-long poem.
B．Writing your work in English.
C．Providing your contact information.D．Submitting your entry after November 30th.
2．What do we know about the contest?
A．It is held on an annual basis. B．It is intended for teenagers only.
C．It is open to global poetry lovers. D．It is aimed at making poetry more popular.
3．What are you expected to do if your poem is selected for publication?
A．Make sure that it is original. B．Polish it as you’re required to.
C．Go to receive the prize on time. D．Give your permission to publish it.
B(★)
Indeed loneliness is now widely recognized as a major public health problem.What is perhaps
less obvious is one answer to the problem：the healing power of poetry to make us feel more
connected to others.
Here things get personal.I first got involved in how poetry can support our emotional well-
being after I wrote a memoir ，Black Rainbow：Hone Words Healed Me—My Journey
Through Depression，in 2014 about how poetry helped me through two serious periods of
depression.Since then，I’ve been running Healing Words poetry sessions for mental health
charities and prisons，and have discovered first-hand the lovely feeling of companionship which
poetry can bring.
Poetry lets us connect with other people who have experienced similar emotions.We’re not
alone in our despair or delight.When we have a poem by our side，whether tucked into a bag or on
a bedside table，it feels like we’re being accompanied by a friend：an authorial arm is wrapped
around our shoulders.
I remember one woman starting to cry as she read Derek Walcott’s poem “Love After
Love” during a workshop held at my local hospital in West London.Fighting through tears，she
eventually said，“I feel understood.” Everyone in the room knew exactly what she meant.
She had ， in Walcott’s phrase ， struggled to “love again the stranger who was
yourself”．The poet’s invitation to “Sit.Feast on your life” was the comfort she needed，in
a language which spoke to her，to imagine loving herself in a way she had always found
hard.Poetry had worked its magic，unlocking a feeling of inner connection，and in turn a
connection to all of us sitting in the workshop.
Given my own experience，I think having a poem to keep us company can help us all feel a
greater sense of belonging.
4．What does the author suggest doing to fight against loneliness?
A．Researching the problem. B．Appreciating poetry.
C．Strengthening dignity. D．Connecting with others.
5．How does having a poem at hand make you feel according to the author?
A．Socially accepted. B．Literarily knowledgeable.
C．Financially admired. D．Emotionally comfortable.6．Why did the woman start to cry in the workshop?
A．Because the poem touched her soul.
B．Because she was forced to read the poem.
C．Because she struggled to understand others.
D．Because she failed to work out the poem’s magic.
7．What does the author mainly want to tell us?
A．The healing power of poems cures illnesses.
B．Reading can make us feel independent of others.
C．Poetry can improve our emotional well-being.
D．Connection leads to a great sense of belonging.
C
To the Swedes，there are few smells more pleasant than that of surstromming(鲜鱼罐头)．To
most non-Swedes there are probably few smells more disgusting.In determining which scent(气味)
people find pleasant and which they do not，surstromming suggests culture must play a large part.
New research ， however ， suggests that might not be the case.Artin Arshamian ， a
psychologist，began with the expectation that culture would play an important role in determining
pleasant smells.They had noticed from their own previous work that people from different cultures
described smells differently.They also knew from past experiments by other researchers that culture
was important in determining which sorts of faces people found beautiful.Thus，they expected to
see a similar phenomenon with smells.
To study how scent and culture relate，Dr.Arshamian and Dr.Majid presented nine different
groups of people with ten smells.The participants varied widely.They included hunters，farmers，
gardeners ， and city folk.All 235 participants were asked to rank smells according to
pleasantness.The team compared their results to earlier work on New Yorkers who had been
exposed to the same scent.
The researchers noted that pleasantness rankings of the smells were remarkably consistent
regardless of where people came from.Overall，the chemical composition of the smells that the
researchers presented explained 41% of the reactions that participants had.In contrast，cultural
factors accounted for just 6% of the results.Dr.Arshamian and Dr.Majid point out that this is very
different from how visual perception(感知) of faces works—in that case a person’s culture
accounts for 50% of the explanation for which faces they find beautiful.
While culture did not shape perception of smells in the way that it is known to shape
perception of faces，the researchers did find an “eye of the beholder” effect.Randomness，
which the researchers suggest has to be coming from personal preferences learned from outside
individual culture，accounted for 54% of the difference in which smells people liked.The “eye of
the beholder” effect does not slip off the tongue so easily but it appears to be a real phenomenon
also.8．Why did the author mention the Swedes in the first paragraph?
A．To introduce the topic.
B．To show Swedes’ favourite scent.
C．To stress the part of culture.
D．To illustrate people’s preference for scent.
9．Which is TRUE according to the results of the study?
A．The team didn’t refer to earlier work on New Yorkers.
B．The subjects in the study came from the same culture.
C．Where people came from didn’t impact the pleasantness rankings of the smells.
D．Cultural factors accounted for 5% on how visual perception(感知) of faces works.
10．What can we learn from the “eye of the beholder” effect?
A．For Swedes，few smells are more pleasant than that of surstromming.
B．People find faces beautiful differently because of their identical cultures.
C．The “eye of the beholder” effect is a mistake different from its original meaning.
D．Personal preferences have nothing to do with people’s preferences for scent.
11．Where is the passage most likely from?
A．A news report. B．A biology textbook. C．A diet brochure. D．A science magazine.
Ⅱ.七选五
Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成) in teams.Talent is believed to be
crucial for building a strong team. 1 Companies spend millions hiring top business people.Is
their money well spent?
2 They focused on football，basketball and baseball.The results are mixed.For football
and basketball，adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point
where 70% of the players are top talent；above that level，the team’s performance begins to
decline.Interestingly，this trend isn’t evident in baseball，where additional individual talent
keeps improving the team’s performance.
To explain this phenomenon ， the researchers explored the degree to which a good
performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调) their actions. 3 In baseball，
the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates.They conclude that when
task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer when there is too much talent，while
individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is
lower.If a basketball star is，for example，trying to gain a high personal point total，he may take
a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the team’s
performance.Young children learning to play team sports are often told，“There is no I in
TEAM.” 4
Another possibility is that too much talent on a team can lead to decreased motivation and
effort from some players.Just as in a game of tug of war(拔河比赛)，whenever a person isadded，everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
5 An A-team may require a balance—not just A players，but a few generous B players
as well.
A．It’s not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B．Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.
C．The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers’ attention.
D．Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E．Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F．Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
G．This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
