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选择性必修第二册 Unit 2 Sports culture
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
As we age，even if we’re healthy，the heart just isn’t as efficient in processing oxygen as
it used to be.In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s.And among people who
don’t exercise，the changes can start even sooner.
“Think of a rubber band.In the beginning，it is flexible，but put it in a drawer for 20 years
and it will become dry and easily broken，” says Dr.Ben Levine，a heart specialist at the
University of Texas.That’s what happens to the heart.Fortunately for those in midlife，Levine is
finding that even if you haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser，getting in shape now may help
improve your aging heart.
Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not
exercise much but were otherwise healthy.Participants were randomly divided into two groups.The
first group participated in a program of nonaerobic(无氧) exercise—balance training and weight
training—three times a week.The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the
guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week.After two years ，the second group saw
remarkable improvements in heart health.
“We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30- or 35-year-old hearts，”
says Levine.“And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now
fill a lot better and pump(泵送) a lot more blood during exercise.” But the hearts of those who
participated in less intense exercise didn’t change，he says.
“The sweet spot in life to start exercising，if you haven’t already，is in late middle age
when the heart still has flexibility，” Levine says.“We put healthy 70-year-olds through a year-
long exercise training program，and nothing happened to them at all.”
Dr.Nieca Goldberg，a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association，says Levine’s
findings are a great start.But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of
people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.
1．What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band?
A．The right way of exercising. B．The causes of a heart attack.
C．The difficulty of keeping fit. D．The aging process of the heart.
2．In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design?
A．Diet plan. B．Professional background.
C．Exercise type. D．Previous physical condition.
3．What does Levine’s research find?A．Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise.
B．High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young.
C．It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.
D．The more exercise we do，the stronger our hearts get.
4．What does Dr.Nieca Goldberg suggest?
A．Making use of the findings. B．Interviewing the study participants.
C．Conducting further research. D．Clarifying the purpose of the study.
B
Making day-to-day activities more intense for a few minutes—such as briefly stepping up the
pace of a walk—could offer people who don’t exercise some of the health benefits that exercisers
enjoy，according to a new study of roughly 25,000 adults who reported no exercise in their free
time.
Those who include three one- to two-minute bursts of intense activity per day saw a nearly a
40 percent drop in the risk of death from any cause compared with those without such activity.The
risk of death from cancer also fell by nearly 40 percent ， and the risk of death from
cardiovascular(心血管的) disease dropped almost 50 percent，researchers report online December
8 in Nature Medicine.
“This study adds to other literature showing that even short amounts of activity are
beneficial，” says Lisa Cadmus-Bertram，a physical activity epidemiologist(流行病学家) at the
University of Wisconsin-Madison.“So many people are daunted by feeling that they don’t have
the time，money，motivation，transportation，etc.to go to a gym regularly or work out for long
periods of time，” she says.“The message we can take is that it is absolutely worth doing what
you can.”
The researchers were looking for bursts of intense activity that met a definition determined in
a laboratory study，like reaching at least 77 percent of maximum heart rate and at least 64 percent
of maximum oxygen consumption.In real life，the signs that someone has reached the needed
intensity level are “an increase in heart rate and feeling out of breath” in the first 15 to 30
seconds of an activity，Stamatakis says.
Regular daily activities offer several opportunities for these bursts，he says.“The simplest
one is maximizing walking pace for a minute or two during any regular walk.” Other options，he
says，include carrying grocery bags to the car or taking the stairs.“The largest population health
gains will be realized by finding ways to get the least physically active people to move a little
more.”
5．What was found about intense activity in the new study?
A．It helped to lower the risk of death.
B．It was more beneficial to exercisers.
C．It relieved the pain of cancer patients.D．It cured people of cardiovascular disease.
6．What does the underlined word “daunted” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Inspired. B．Surprised. C．Discouraged. D．Confused.
7．Which activity might be suggested by Stamatakis?
A．Working out every day. B．Taking stairs at an even pace.
C．Keeping running at high speed. D．Adding short bursts to a regular walk.
8．What might be a suitable title for the text?
A．The Simplest Daily Exercise Activities
B．Brief Intense Activities Can Be Helpful
C．The Guidance on Brief Intense Activities
D．Regular Exercise Is Necessary for Everyone
Ⅱ.七选五
We’re all told time and again how important it is to exercise for good health.But with our
busy schedules，finding the time to work out is often easier said than done.__1__
UK exercise guidelines suggest that adults should do at least 150 minutes of exercise a week
for good health.__2__ It is about whether or not you can still get the benefits of exercise if you
squeeze(挤出) it all in on a weekend instead of spreading it throughout the week.
A recent study found that weekend exercisers had a 30% lower risk of premature death from
all causes compared to inactive people.Risk of death from heart disease was also around 40%
lower，while risk of death from all types of cancer was around 18% lower compared to those who
were inactive.But they also found that spreading your workouts throughout the week was
associated with the greatest benefits for your health.__3__ That is，they had a 5% lower risk of
premature death from any cause compared to weekend exercisers.
__4__ It suggests the more exercise you do，the more beneficial it is to your health.But this is
only true up to a certain point—with research showing that doing more than five times the
minimum recommended weekly activity has no added benefits.
It’s well-known that exercise improves our heart fitness.This allows us to exercise longer
and more intensely.__5__ This is also likely the reason why people who exercise regularly have
lower risk of premature death from any cause.
But research shows that how often you exercise is also important for improving and
maintaining fitness.Regular exercise will lead to adaptations that are good for health.
A．But debate is growing around the issue.
B．This finding is consistent with previous research.
C．Regularly active people had the best health overall.
D．Most people find it hard to do exercise at the weekend.
E．For many of us，the weekend is the only time to exercise.
F．However，it may cause serious diseases，such as heart attacks.G．Also，it improves other aspects of our health like lowering blood pressure.
Ⅲ.完形填空
On the final day of my high school，I was hit in the face with a baseball bat.As my classmate
__1__ at the ball with all his strength，the bat slipped out of his hands and came flying toward me
before __2__ me directly between my eyes.I have no memory of the moment of __3__.
When I opened my eyes，I saw people __4__ at me and running over to help.Shocked and
__5__，I was unaware of how severely I had been injured.
Shortly after arriving at the local hospital，my body began __6__.I struggled with basic
__7__ like swallowing and breathing.So the doctors decided the local hospital was __8__ to handle
the situation and __9__ me a helicopter to fly me to a larger hospital.
The following months were hard.It felt like everything in my life was a __10__.I had double
vision for weeks and I __11__ couldn’t see straight.But I was determined not to let my injury get
me down.Although the path of recovery was not __12__，I managed to get my life in order.With
constant efforts ，I even became a college athlete and played professionally to __13__ my
potential.
The experience taught me a __14__ lesson：what doesn’t beat you makes you stronger.We
all deal with __15__ but in the long run，the quality of our lives often depends on the attitude
towards setbacks in life.
1．A.aimed B．swung C．pointed D．grabbed
2．A.striking B．interrupting C．wrapping D．embracing
3．A.impression B．image C．invitation D．impact
4．A.laughing B．shouting C．pointing D．staring
5．A.bored B．amused C．confused D．disappointed
6．A.taking off B．breaking out C．opening up D．shutting down
7．A.functions B．roles C．rights D．responsibilities
8．A.uninvited B．uninterested C．unmanned D．unequipped
9．A.assisted B．ordered C．commanded D．instructed
10．A.chance B．hit C．mess D．balance
11．A.barely B．literally C．immediately D．purposely
12．A.broad B．traditional C．smooth D．remote
13．A.record B．change C．adopt D．realize
14．A.creative B．critical C．bitter D．cheerful
15．A.challenges B．outcomes C．opportunities D．experiences
Ⅳ.语法填空
Traditional Fitness Qigong Wins Hearts of Young Chinese
No one could have expected that slow-moving Qigong 1.____________(become) popular
among Chinese young people in the past several years.Short videos of young Chinese doingtraditional fitness Qigong have flooded video websites ，among 2.____________ a video of
Baduanjin has been played for more than 10 million times and received over 6,000 comments on a
video sharing platform targeting young people.
Baduanjin is one of the oldest fitness 3.____________(method) to stay healthy in China，
originally created over 800 years ago during the Song Dynasty.The name refers 4.____________
how the eight individual movements provide a soft quality for the movement of the body.
Compared with more 5.____________(physical) demanding sports such as the ball games or
swimming，Baduanjin is slow and usually accompanied by restful music，so it used to be
considered as the sport 6.____________(intend) for the elders.However，not requiring much
space，equipment or time，it’s perfect for office workers，as they often suffer from back and
neck pain caused by 7.____________(sit) in front of computers for hours.
“I’ve been doing Baduanjin for a couple of months，which makes 8.____________(I)
sleep well and get strong，” 9.____________ young netizen commented below the video.“I
owe big thanks to Baduanjin as it offers a much 10.____________(good) lifestyle.”
Ⅴ.读后续写微写作
(2022·新课标Ⅰ)
It was the day of the big cross-country run.Students from seven different primary schools in
and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路线) through thick evergreen
forest.
I looked around and finally spotted David，who was standing by himself off to the side by a
fence.He was small for ten years old.His usual big toothy smile was absent today.I walked over and
asked him why he wasn’t with the other children.He hesitated and then said he had decided not to
run.
What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event!
I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened.“I
was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him，” he explained uncomfortably.“I
gave him the choice to run or not，and let him decide.”
I bit back my frustration(懊恼)．I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the
right thing.After making sure that David could run if he wanted，I turned to find him coming
towards me，his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward.
David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children，
but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid.He always participated to the best of his
ability in whatever they were doing.That was why none of the children thought it unusual that
David had decided to join the cross-country team.It just took him longer—that’s all.David had not
missed a single practice，and although he always finished his run long after the other children，he
did always finish.As a special education teacher at the school，I was familiar with the challenges
David faced and was proud of his strong determination.范文补全
We sat down next to each other，but David wouldn’t look at me.I said gently and
quietly ， “ No one can change your mind ， except
yourself.1._________________________________(如果你想挑战自己，那任何事情都和别人
的 想 法 无 关 ) ． ” He sat still with a deep
breath.“2._______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________(你在这次活动之前做了充分的准备，这是你出现在这里
最 重 要 的 原 因 ) ， ” I added with a sincere tone.Hearing my words ， David
3.________________(颤抖地转过身来，眼泪夺眶而出) and expressed he had made a firm
determination to finish the cross-country
run.4.______________________________________________(他的教练听到了大卫所说的话，
看了我一眼)—the kind that was more determined than anyone else’s.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.The race
started.5.______________________________________________________________(对年幼的孩
子来说，跑道似乎特别长)，not to mention a child with a heart disease.David insisted on running
as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses ， though he was tripped over within the a few
kilometers.6.____________________________________(不久他就重新站了起来) and continued
his mission.Classmates all appeared on the race track，cheering for him.“Come on! You can
make it! We are proud of you！” they shouted enthusiastically.To everyone’s joy，he reached
the finish line and ranked the 20th.7.______________________________________________(他是
否 赢 得 第 一 名 已 经 不 重 要
了).8.__________________________________________________________(正是他勇敢的心和
坚定的信念最终使一些不寻常的事情发生了)．
