文档内容
选择性必修第四册 UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND
COMPROMISE(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(★)
(2022·全国甲，D)
Sometime in the early 1960s，a significant thing happened in Sydney，Australia.The city
discovered its harbor.Then，one after another，Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort
of there—broad parks，superb beaches，and a culturally diverse population.But it is the harbor
that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds，a cheerful fellow in his early 30s，pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living.I
spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor.After our third run Andrew shut
down the engine，and we went our separate ways—he for a lunch break，I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats，” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean？” I asked.
“Oh，they’re replacing them with catamarans.Catamarans are faster，but they’re not so
elegant，and they’re not fun to pilot.But that’s progress，I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days，change and progress are the watchwords(口号)，and
traditions are increasingly rare.Shirley Fitzgerald，the city’s official historian，told me that in its
rush to modernity in the 1970s，Sydney swept aside much of its past，including many of its finest
buildings.“Sydney is confused about itself，” she said.“We can’t seem to make up our minds
whether we want a modern city or a traditional one.It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any
better at resolving(解决)．”
On the other hand，being young and old at the same time has its attractions.I considered this
when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony.“Many people say that we lack
culture in this country，” he told me.“What people forget is that the Italians，when they came
to Australia，brought 2,000 years of their culture，the Greeks some 3,000 years，and the Chinese
more still.We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a
young country.It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right，but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
1．What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A．Sydney’s striking architecture. B．The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C．The key to Sydney’s development. D．Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.2．What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds?
A．He goes to work by boat. B．He looks forward to a new life.
C．He pilots catamarans well. D．He is attached to the old ferries.
3．What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney?
A．It is losing its traditions. B．It should speed up its progress.
C．It should expand its population. D．It is becoming more international.
4．Which statement will the author probably agree with?
A．A city can be young and old at the same time.
B．A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C．Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D．Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
B(★)
Public health data signals a genuine crisis in adolescent mental health ：rising rates of
anxiety ， depression ， and hopelessness.But as we worry about tweens and teens who are
struggling，we can’t ignore another mounting effect—the burdens that are shouldered by their
friends and peers in an “always on” world.
We have studied teens and tech for over a decade.Their networks are ever-expanding，in no
small part because there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from
acquaintances and friends-of-friends.And it’s not just staying connected—it’s keeping up with
what others post，too.
Social media platforms thus make it technically possible to maintain more relationships than
we are historically actually wired to track and manage.The result is an overwhelming wave of
social information.It’s especially intense for adolescents whose developmental sensitivities drive
them to care deeply about what their peers are doing and thinking.
Significant stress comes with trying to be a “good friend” in the age of social
media.Friendship requires both public and behind-the-scenes support.Even before a social media
post is made public，close friends can be pulled into photo selection，editing，and final
examination.Besides，they need to respond in the right way and in the right amount of time，
which differs from one relationship to another.Replying too quickly can be seen as over-eager，
especially when the friendship is new or not close.But when it’s a close friend，too long a lag(延
迟) can be hurtful.
The qualities that are key to building or breaking friendships are actually the same as they’ve
always been：mutual(相互的) sharing of joys and sorrows，a give and take of acceptance and
support，and an ability to weather and resolve conflicts.But technologies have transformed how
friendships play out.Social media increases the burdens that come along with being a good
friend.Too often，these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are lost on adults.And that is what
should be changed with the help of parents，schools and other parts of society.5．What makes teenagers’ networks continue to expand?
A．The pressure to be nice. B．The requests of their parents.
C．The need to meet more people. D．The burden of living independently.
6．What does the author think of being a good friend in the age of social media?
A．Exciting. B．Challenging. C．Money-saving. D．Risk-taking.
7．What should be changed according to the last paragraph?
A．The qualities of being a teen friend.
B．The conflicts between schools and parents.
C．The relations between parents and their teens.
D．The influences of social media on teen friendship.
8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Why More Teens Are Addicted to Social Media
B．How Teens Nowadays Gain Long-standing Friendships
C．How Social Media Has Made Teen Friendships More Stressful
D．What Makes Teens Become More Sensitive to Their Peers’ Needs
C
A handshake appears to be a common gesture with ancient roots.Historical references such as
the 9th-century BCE site of Shalmaneser Ⅲ and the 8th-century BCE mention in the Iliad
indicate the act of holding hands in a greeting or as a sign of loyalty.Even centuries later，
Shakespeare referenced handshakes as a symbolic act of brotherhood.The origins of shaking hands
may be obscured(模糊的) by time.
Historians who have studied ancient etiquette(礼仪) books note that the modern handshake did
not appear until the middle of the 19th century，when it was considered a slightly inappropriate
gesture that could only be used between friends.But what if Shakespeare had written about
handshaking hundreds of years earlier?
The handshake has traditionally been used as a gesture of making deals，peace，or settling
conflicts.In ancient times ， it was mentioned in treaties and agreements between kings.In
literature，such as in the Iliad and Shakespeare’s works，characters shook hands to establish a
friendship or resolve conflicts.However，differing interpretations of the handshake can lead to
misunderstandings or disagreements.
The modern handshake as a form of greeting is harder to trace.As a Dutch sociologist Herman
Roodenburg—the chief authority for the history of handshaking—wrote in a chapter of an
anthology called A Cultural History of Gesture，“More than in any other field，that of the
study of gesture is one in which the historian has to make the most of only a few clues.”
A 16th-century German translation of Rabelais’s Gargantua and Pantagruel mentioned
handshakes，in addition to embracing，as a form of greeting.This early reference suggests the
evolving inclusion of handshakes in greeting rituals.James Cleland’s criticism of bowing may have stemmed from a desire to return to a
traditional form of greeting in Europe.Handshaking，which had survived in some remote areas，
became more popular as hierarchical greetings like bowing fell out of favor.As social equality
increased，handshaking became a common practice among equals.
9．Why does the author mention Shakespeare in the first two paragraphs?
A．To prove that the history of handshaking is hard to find.
B．To illustrate that handshaking is a very old custom.
C．To show readers that handshaking is common in fiction.
D．To explain the value of handshaking in communication.
10．What can we learn about handshaking from the passage?
A．The origin of handshaking as a form of greeting is easy to trace.
B．Citizens usually shake hands to show friendliness in Holland.
C．It was used only between friends and to reach an agreement.
D．It is a common practice between people of different social positions.
11．Which of the following is similar in meaning to “anthology” in paragraph 4?
A．The science of mental ability.
B．A collection of selected literary passages.
C．A daily written record of experiences.
D．All the living things of a particular region.
12．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．The Evolution and Significance of Handshakes in Human Culture
B．The Science Behind Handshakes：A Psychological Analysis
C．Handshakes vs Fist Bumps：The Battle of Greetings
D．The Evolution of Hand Gestures：From Handshakes to High-Fives
Ⅱ.七选五(★)
Of all relationships，the parent-child relationship is perhaps the purest. 1 These tips will
help you improve your relationship with your parents.
Give them your time.No matter how busy you are with your life，try to make some time for
your parents. 2 If you’re living away from them，call them and visit them regularly.For all
you know，your one could make their day.
3 If you are living with your parents，help them with housework.Do your part or even
more.If you are not living together，check on them and help them out by offering to buy
groceries，pay bills，etc.
Put yourself in their shoes.Whenever your parents say something that contradicts(与……矛
盾) your opinion，try not to simply agree with them. 4 And try to recognize that they have
reason for their views.If possible，take time to explain your point patiently.Try not to raise your voice at them.These will be times when you disagree with your parents.It
is okay to try to help them understand your point of view.However，raising your voice is never a
great idea，as it will leave your parents feeling hurt.
Be open with them.As children，we tend to share every detail of our lives with our parents，
but as we grow up，we filter out certain things from them.Try to be as honest as possible and let
them take part in the most important aspects of your life. 5
A．Call them every day.
B．Lend a hand with household chores.
C．If the gap is too big，you will become a stranger.
D．Accept the generation gap between you and them.
E．Parents often feel lonely once kids go away to college.
F．Let them know you want them to be a part of your life.
G．It is also the one that goes through several transformations，good or bad.
